现在完成时用法
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Unit 9
现在完成时态的用法
陈述句： 主语＋have( has)（not）+过去分词＋其它。 have not=haven’t has not=hasn’t.
一般疑问句： Have( Has )＋主语＋过去分词＋其它？
特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词＋have(has) +主语+ 过去分词＋其它？
用法一：表示动作刚刚完成，或者已经完成的动作对现在造成的 影响。
be back in five days. 4. Nobody __h_a_s__d_iv_e_d_(dive) in our class before. 5. Alice h_a_s__m_a_d_e__(make) several friends since she _ca_m__e__
(come) to China. 6. __H__a_s___ your brother___d_r_iv_e_n__(drive) a horse before? 7. They ___h_a_v_e__st_a_y_e_d___(stay) in the park during the past
join the army-------be in the army/ be a soldier
join the League-----be in the League / be a league member
5. 常见的时间状语
最近：lately， recently； 迄今为止，到目前为止： so far, up to now, till now； 还有never ， before， 等。
I have finished my homework. 我完成了我的家庭作业 He has returned the book . 我归还了那本书 His father has died .
他父亲死了 Her mother has bought a new dress for her.
她母亲给她买了一件衣服
4. yet: 还; 仍然。 常用于否定句和疑问句。 I haven't received a letter from him yet. Have you seen the doctor yet?
用法二：表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，
也许还要持续下去，常和for和since 连用，表示持续的动作 或状态多为延续性动作
比较：现在完成时和一般过去时区别
现在完成时：强调过去的动作对现在影响
一般过去时：强调过去发生的事情
我吃过早饭 I have had breakfast
我一小时前吃过早饭 I had breakfast an hour ago 他离开家乡了 He has left his hometown 他去年离开家乡了 He left his hometown last year 总结：过去时常和时间状语连用
1. have been to 表示曾经去过， 已回到说话地点。 I have been to Beijing for many times.
2. have gone to 表示去......, 不在说话地点。 Tom has gone to Shanghai and will come back
next week.
1. I have learnt English for 14 years.
2. I have learnt English since 1996. I have learnt English since I studied in a middle
school.
用法三： 区分两个短语：have been to 和have gone to
通常不与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。
I have bought a CD player. 若要与一段时间连用需转换为： I have had the CD player for seven years.
五、延续性动词和短暂性动词转换归纳。
A、leave— been away from buy—have borrow—keep
die—be dead get up—be up put on—be on
come / get back—be back go to town—be in town
lose—be missing
catch a cold—have a cold
close—be closed / not open open—be open
用法四：表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动 作，常带有twice, ever, never, three times等时间状语。
I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京 两次。
区别瞬间动词和延续性动词
瞬间动词指终止或短暂意义的动词。 比如： begin， die, buy, borrow, come , arrive, join等。
完成时不和过去时间连用
七嘴八舌
1. I __h_a_v_e__b_ee_n__ (be) busy these days. I _h_a_v_e_n_’_t_g_o_n_e_ (not go) to the cinema for weeks.
2. How many units _h_a_v_e__ you ___le_a_r_n_t (learn) so far? 3. Lily with her parents _h_a_s__g_o_n_e(go) to Sanya . They will
wenku.baidu.com
fall ill / asleep— be ill / asleep begin /start—be on
get /receive a letter from—have a letter from
B、come to —be here / there
arrive in （at）/ get to / reach——be here / there
关注四个副词：ever, already, just, yet
1. ever：曾经。用于疑问句中的完成时态。 Have you ever been to Korea?
2. already：已经。 常用于肯定句， 置于句中。 I've already seen that film.
3. just: 刚刚。 用于肯定句。 I have just seen John.
现在完成时态的用法
陈述句： 主语＋have( has)（not）+过去分词＋其它。 have not=haven’t has not=hasn’t.
一般疑问句： Have( Has )＋主语＋过去分词＋其它？
特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词＋have(has) +主语+ 过去分词＋其它？
用法一：表示动作刚刚完成，或者已经完成的动作对现在造成的 影响。
be back in five days. 4. Nobody __h_a_s__d_iv_e_d_(dive) in our class before. 5. Alice h_a_s__m_a_d_e__(make) several friends since she _ca_m__e__
(come) to China. 6. __H__a_s___ your brother___d_r_iv_e_n__(drive) a horse before? 7. They ___h_a_v_e__st_a_y_e_d___(stay) in the park during the past
join the army-------be in the army/ be a soldier
join the League-----be in the League / be a league member
5. 常见的时间状语
最近：lately， recently； 迄今为止，到目前为止： so far, up to now, till now； 还有never ， before， 等。
I have finished my homework. 我完成了我的家庭作业 He has returned the book . 我归还了那本书 His father has died .
他父亲死了 Her mother has bought a new dress for her.
她母亲给她买了一件衣服
4. yet: 还; 仍然。 常用于否定句和疑问句。 I haven't received a letter from him yet. Have you seen the doctor yet?
用法二：表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，
也许还要持续下去，常和for和since 连用，表示持续的动作 或状态多为延续性动作
比较：现在完成时和一般过去时区别
现在完成时：强调过去的动作对现在影响
一般过去时：强调过去发生的事情
我吃过早饭 I have had breakfast
我一小时前吃过早饭 I had breakfast an hour ago 他离开家乡了 He has left his hometown 他去年离开家乡了 He left his hometown last year 总结：过去时常和时间状语连用
1. have been to 表示曾经去过， 已回到说话地点。 I have been to Beijing for many times.
2. have gone to 表示去......, 不在说话地点。 Tom has gone to Shanghai and will come back
next week.
1. I have learnt English for 14 years.
2. I have learnt English since 1996. I have learnt English since I studied in a middle
school.
用法三： 区分两个短语：have been to 和have gone to
通常不与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。
I have bought a CD player. 若要与一段时间连用需转换为： I have had the CD player for seven years.
五、延续性动词和短暂性动词转换归纳。
A、leave— been away from buy—have borrow—keep
die—be dead get up—be up put on—be on
come / get back—be back go to town—be in town
lose—be missing
catch a cold—have a cold
close—be closed / not open open—be open
用法四：表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动 作，常带有twice, ever, never, three times等时间状语。
I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京 两次。
区别瞬间动词和延续性动词
瞬间动词指终止或短暂意义的动词。 比如： begin， die, buy, borrow, come , arrive, join等。
完成时不和过去时间连用
七嘴八舌
1. I __h_a_v_e__b_ee_n__ (be) busy these days. I _h_a_v_e_n_’_t_g_o_n_e_ (not go) to the cinema for weeks.
2. How many units _h_a_v_e__ you ___le_a_r_n_t (learn) so far? 3. Lily with her parents _h_a_s__g_o_n_e(go) to Sanya . They will
wenku.baidu.com
fall ill / asleep— be ill / asleep begin /start—be on
get /receive a letter from—have a letter from
B、come to —be here / there
arrive in （at）/ get to / reach——be here / there
关注四个副词：ever, already, just, yet
1. ever：曾经。用于疑问句中的完成时态。 Have you ever been to Korea?
2. already：已经。 常用于肯定句， 置于句中。 I've already seen that film.
3. just: 刚刚。 用于肯定句。 I have just seen John.