十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵性能的试验观察

・研究论著・

十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵性能的试验观察

刘吉起　薄玉霞　王　立争　王万海

(河南省卫生防疫站郑州450003)

摘　要　目的:十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵为无色透明液体,原液pH6.65。为了解其杀灭微生物效果及影响因素、稳定性与腐蚀性,进行了载体定量杀菌试验、热稳定性试验及金属腐蚀性试验。结果:在19～21℃,以含十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵2000m g L稀释液对布片上金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌分别作用4m in,以含十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵5000m g L稀释液对布片上白色念珠菌作用8m in,杀灭率均达99.90%以上。杀菌效果因作用温度降低而下降,在溶液pH为4.11～8.10时无明显变化。该样品于54℃恒温箱中放置14d,下降率为1.124%。

含十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵10000m g L的稀释液对不锈钢、铜和铝基本无腐蚀,对碳钢有轻度腐蚀。结论:该消毒剂为杀菌效果较好、性质稳定、对金属腐蚀性较小的消毒剂。

关键词　十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵　金黄色葡萄球菌　大肠杆菌　白色念珠菌　稳定性　腐蚀性

EXPER I M ENT OBSERVAT I ON ON PROPERT IES OF

DOD ECYL D I M ETHYL BENZ YL AMMON IU M CHLOR I D E

L iu J iqi　B o Y ux ia　W ang J ing　W ang w anha i

(H enan P rov incia l S an ita ry and A n it2ep id e m ic S ta tion,Z heng z hou450003)

Abstract　Dodecyl di m ethyl benzyl amm on ium ch lo ride is a co lou rless tran sp aren t liqu id,pH value of6.65.In o rder to know its ger m icidal efficacy and its infuencing facto rs,stab ility and co rro siveness.Carrier quan titative ger m icidal test,con ten t m easu rem en t and i m m ersi on of m et2 als w ere carried ou t.T he resu lts indicated that at19～21℃,the k illing rates of Staphylococcu s au reu s and E scherich ia co li expo sed to the sam e so lu ti on con tain ing dodecyl di m ethyl benzyl am2 m on ium ch lo ride2000m g L fo r4m in respectively and Candida alb icun s expo sed to a so lu ton con2 tain ing dodecyl di m ethyl benzyl amm on ium ch lo ride5000m g L fo r8m in w ere h igher than99.

90%.T he ger m icidal efficacy decreased w ith decreasing the tem peratu re,w h ile it show ed no sig2 n ifican t change at pH value of the so lu ti on ranging from4.11to8.10.A fter sto ring at54℃fo r 14days,the dodecyl di m ethyl benzyl amm on ium ch lo ride con ten t of the sto red so lu ti on decreased by0.3379%.T he so lu ti on con tain ing dodecyl di m ethyl benzyl amm on ium ch lo ride10000m g L had no co rro sive effect on stain less steel,copp er and alumm ium,sligh tly co rro sive effect on car2 bon steel.It w as found by exam inati on that dodecyl di m ethyl benzyl amm on ium ch lo ride is a dis2 infectan t w ith good ger m icidal efficacy,stab ility and sligh t co rro sive effect on m etals.

Key words　dodecyl di m ethyl benzyl amm on ium ch lo ride　Staphylococcu s au reu s　E s2 cherich ia co li　Candida alb ican s　influencing facto r　stab ility　co rro siveness

十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵(开封康洁尔卫生保健品有限公司提供),别名苯扎氯铵,表面活性剂1227等,分子式C21H38C I N,分子量340.0,是以十二烷基二甲基叔胺与氯化苄反应制得的一种季铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂[1]。化学性质稳定,耐热、耐光、挥发性低,易溶于水,呈透明状,具有强烈的杀菌和抑菌防蛀性能。在酸性和碱性溶液中都能离解为带阳电荷的长链阳离子。十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵用途广泛,可用作腈纶均染剂,印染织物缓染剂,工厂冷却水系统杀菌灭藻剂和医院手术及医疗器械消毒剂等[2]。为了解其用作消毒方面的性能,我们进行了杀微生物效果、热稳定性和对金属的腐蚀性等试验。现将结果报告如下。

1　方 法