文学高级英语第一册
高级英语第一册Paraphrase
1)little donkeys went in and out among the people and from one side to another2)Then as you pass through a big crowd to go deeper into the market, the noise of the entrance gradually disappear, and you come to the much quieter cloth-market.3) They drop some of items that they don't really want and begin to bargain for a low price.4) He will ask for a high price for the item and refuse to cut down the price5) As you get near it, a variety of sounds begin to strike your ear.1) They were so absorbed in their conversation that they seemed not to pay any attention to the people around them.2) As soon as the taxi driver saw a traveler, he immediately opened the door.3) The traditional floating houses among high modern buildings represent the constant struggle between old tradition and new development.4)1 suffered from a strong feeling of shame when I thought of the scene of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima wearing my socks only.5)The few Americans and Germans seemed just as restrained as 1 was．6)After three days in Japan one gets quite used to bowing to people as a ritual to show gratitude．7)1 was on the point of showing my agreement by nodding when I suddenly realized what he meant．His words shocked me out my sad dreamy thinking．8)I thought for some reason or other no harm had been done to me．1) It was not at all possible to catch a large amount of fish.2) Following the layers of ice in the core sample, his finger came to the place where the layer of ice was formed 2050 years ago.3) keeps its engines running for fear that if he stops them, the metal parts would be frozen solid and the engines would not be able to start again4) Bit by bit trees in the rain forest are felled and the land is cleared and turned into pasture where cattle can be raised quickly and slaughtered and the beef can be used in ham- burgers.5) Since miles of forest are being destroyed and the habitat for these rare birds no longer exists, thousands of birds which we have not even had a chance to see will become extinct.6) Thinking about how a series of events might happen as a consequence of the thinning of the polar cap is not just a kind of practice in conjecture (speculation), it has got practical Value.7) We are using and destroying resources in such a huge amount that we are disturbing the balance between daylight and darkness.8) Or have we been so accustomed to the bright electric lights that we fail to understand the threatening implication of these clouds.9) To put forward the question in a different way10) and greatly affect the living places and activities of human societies1) It was not at all possible to catch a large amount of fish.2) Following the layers of ice in the core sample, his finger came to the place where the layer of ice was formed 2050 years ago.3) keeps its engines running for fear that if he stops them, the metal parts would be frozen solid and the engines would not be able to start again4) Bit by bit trees in the rain forest are felled and the land is cleared and turned into pasture where cattle can be raised quickly and slaughtered and the beef can be used in ham- burgers.5) Since miles of forest are being destroyed and the habitat for these rare birds no longer exists, thousands of birds which we have not even had a chance to see will become extinct.6) Thinking about how a series of events might happen as a consequence of the thinning of the polar cap is not just a kind of practice in conjecture (speculation), it has got practical Value.7) We are using and destroying resources in such a huge amount that we are disturbing the balance between daylight and darkness.8) Or have we been so accustomed to the bright electric lights that we fail to understand the threatening implication of these clouds.9) To put forward the question in a different way10) and greatly affect the living places and activities of human societies11) we seem unaware that the earth's natural systems are delicate.12) And this continuing revolution has also suddenly developed at a speed that doubled and tripled the original speed.1) She thinks that her sister has a firm control of her life.2) She could always have anything she wanted, and life was extremely generous to her.3) The popular TV talk show star, Johnny Carson, who is famous for his witty and glib tongue, has to try hard if he wants to catch up with me.4) It seems to me that I have talked to them always ready to leave as quickly as possible.5) She imposed on us lots of falsity.6) imposed on us a lot of knowledge that is totally useless to us7) she is not bright just as she is neither good-looking rich.8) Dee wore a very long dress even on such a hot day.9) You can see me trying to move my body a couple of seconds before I finally manage to push myself up.10) Soon he knows that won't do for Maggie, so he stops trying to shake hands with Maggie.11) As I see Dee is getting tired of this, I don't want to go on either. In fact, I could have traced it far back before the Civil War along the branches of the family tree.12) Now and then he and Dee communicated through eye contact in a secretive way.13) If Maggie put the old quilts on the bed, they would be in rags less than five years.14) She knew this was God's arrangement.1) Hitler was hoping that if he attacked Russia, he would win in Britain and the U.S. the support of those who were enemies of Communism.2) Win ant said the United States would adopt the same attitude.3) In this way, my life is made much easier in this case; it will be much easier for me to decide on my attitude towards events.4) I will not take back a single word of what I have said about Communism.5) I can see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, who, after suffering severe losses in the aerial battle of England, now feel happy because they think they can easily beat the Russian air force without heavy loss.6) We shall be more determined and shall make better and fuller use of our resources.7) Let us strengthen our unity and our efforts in the fight against Nazi Germany when we have not yet been overwhelmed and when we are still powerful.1) The house detective's small narrow eyes looked her up and down scornfully from his fat face with a heavy jowl.2) This is a pretty nice room that you have got.3) The fat body shook in a chuckle because the man was enjoying the fact that he could afford to do whatever he liked and also he was appreciating the fact that the Duchess knew why he had come.4) He had an unnaturally high-pitched voice. now, he lowered the pitch When he spoke5) Ogilvie spat out the words, throwing away his politeness pretended6)The Duchess was supported by her arrogance coming from parents of noble families with a history of three centuries and a half. She wouldn't give up easily.7) It is no use. What you did just now was a good attempt at trying to save the situation.8) "That's more acceptable," Ogilvie said. He lit another cigar, "Now we're making some progress. "9)...he looked at the Duchess sardonically as if he wanted to see if she dared to object to his smoking.10) The house detective made noises with his tongue to show his disapproval.Figures of speech: simile（明喻）, metaphor（隐喻）, personification（拟人）, synecdoche （提喻）, anticlimax（突降法，反高潮）, metonymy（转喻）, repetition（反复）, exaggeration （夸张）, euphemism（委婉）, antonomasia（代称）, parody（滑稽模仿）。
高级英语第一册课文
高级英语第一册课文1.The Middle Eastern BazaarThe Middle Eastern bazaar takes you back hundreds --- even thousands --- of years. The one I am thinking of particularly is entered by a Gothic - arched gateway of aged brick and stone. You pass from the heat and glare of a big, open square into a cool, dark cavernwhich extends as far as the eye can see, losing itself in the shadowy distance. Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngsof people entering and leaving the bazaar. The roadway is about twelve feet wide, but it is narrowed every few yards by little stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold. The din of the stall-holder; crying their wares, of donkey-boys and porters clearing a wayfor themselves by shouting vigorously, and of would-be purchasers arguing and bargaining is continuous and makes you dizzy.Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market. The earthen floor, beaten hard by countless feet, deadens the sound of footsteps, and the vaulted mud-brick walls and roof have hardly any sounds to echo. The shop-keepers speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers, overwhelmed by the sepulchral atmosphere, follow suit .One of the peculiarities of the Eastern bazaar is that shopkeepers dealing in the same kind of goods do not scatter themselves over the bazaar, in order to avoid competition, but collect in the same area, sothat purchasers can know where to find them, and so that they can form a closely knit guild against injustice or persecution . In the cloth-market, for instance, all the sellers of material for clothes, curtains, chair covers and so on line the roadway on both sides, each open-fronted shop having a trestle trestle table for display and shelves for storage. Bargaining is the order of the cay, and veiled women move at a leisurely pace from shop to shop, selecting, pricing and doing a littlepreliminary bargaining before they narrow down their choice and begin the really serious business of beating the price down.It is a point of honour with the customer not to let the shopkeeper guess what it is she really likes and wants until the last moment. If he does guess correctly, he will price the item high, and yield little in the bargaining. The seller, on the other hand, makes a point of protesting that the price he is charging is depriving him of all profit, and that he is sacrificing this because of his personal regard for the customer. Bargaining can go on the whole day, or even several days, with the customer coming and going at intervals .One of the most picturesque and impressive parts of the bazaar isthe copper-smiths' market. As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear. It grows louder and more distinct, until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes, as the burnished copper catches the light of innumerable lamps and braziers . In each shop sit the apprentices – boys and youths, some of them incredibly young – hammering away at coppervessels of all shapes and sizes, while the shop-owner instructs, and sometimes takes a hand with a hammer himself. In the background, a tiny apprentice blows a bi-, charcoal fir e with a huge leather bellowsworked by a string attached to his big toe -- the red of the live coals glowing, bright and then dimming rhythmicallyto the strokes of the bellows.Here you can find beautiful pots and bowls engrave with delicate and intricate traditional designs, or the simple, everyday kitchenware usedin this country, pleasing in form, but undecorated and strictly functional. Elsewhere there is the carpet-market, with its profusion of richcolours, varied textures and regional designs -- some bold and simple, others unbelievably detailed and yet harmonious. Then there is the spice-market, with its pungentand exotic smells; and the food-market, where you can buy everything you need for the most sumptuous dinner, or sit in a tiny restaurant with porters and apprentices and eat your humble bread and cheese. The dye-market, the pottery-market and the carpenters' market lie elsewhere in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar. Every here and there, a doorway gives a glimpseof a sunlit courtyard, perhaps before a mosque or a caravanserai , where camels lie disdainfully chewing their hay, while the great bales of merchandise they have carried hundreds of miles across the desert lie beside them.Perhaps the most unforgettable thing in the bazaar, apart from its general atmosphere, is the place where they make linseed oil. It is avast, sombre cavern of a room, some thirty feet high and sixty feet square, and so thick with the dust of centuries that the mudbrick walls and vaulted roof are only dimly visible. In this cavern are three massive stone wheels, each with a huge pole through its centre as an axle. The pole is attached at the one end to an upright post, around which it can revolve, and at the other to a blind-folded camel, which walks constantly in a circle, providing the motive power to turn the stone wheel. This revolves in a circular stone channel, into which an attendant feeds linseed. The stone wheel crushes it to a pulp, which is then pressed to extract the oil .The camels are the largest and finest I have ever seen, and in superb condition –muscular, massive and stately.The pressing of the linseed pulp to extract the oil is done by avast ramshackle apparatus of beams and ropes and pulleys which towers to the vaulted ceiling and dwarfs the camels and their stone wheels. The machine is operated by one man, who shovels the linseed pulp into astone vat, climbs up nimbly to a dizzy height to fasten ropes, and then throws his weight on to a great beam made out of a tree trunk to set the ropes and pulleys in motion. Ancient girders girders creak and groan , ropes tighten and then a trickle of oil oozes oozes down a stone runnel into a used petrol can. Quickly the trickle becomes a flood ofglistening linseed oil as the beam sinks earthwards, taut and protesting, its creaks blending with the squeaking and rumbling of the grinding-wheels and the occasional grunts and sighs of the camels.2.Hiroshima - The "Liveliest" City in Japan(excerpts)Jacques Danvoir―Hiroshima! Everybody off!‖ That must be what the man in the Japanese stationmaster's uniformshouted, as the fastest train in the world slipped to a stop in Hiroshima Station. I did not understand what he was saying. First of all, because he was shouting in Japanese. And secondly, because I had a lumpin my throat and a lot of sad thoughts on my mind that had little to do with anything a Nippon railways official might say. The very act of stepping on this soil, in breathing this air of Hiroshima, was for me a far greater adventure than any trip or any reportorial assignment I'd previously taken. Was I not at the scene of the crime?The Japanese crowd did not appear to have the same preoccupationsthat I had. From the sidewalk outside the station, things seemed muchthe same as in other Japanese cities. Little girls and elderly ladies in kimonos rubbed shoulders with teenagers and women in western dress. Serious looking men spoke to one another as if they were oblivious ofthe crowds about them, and bobbed up and down repeatedly in little bows, as they exchanged the ritual formula of gratitudeand respect: "Tomo aligato gozayimas." Others were using little red telephones that hung on the facades of grocery stores and tobacco shops."Hi! Hi!" said the cab driver, whose door popped open at the very sight of a traveler. "Hi", or something that sounds very much like it,means "yes". "Can you take me to City Hall?" He grinned at me in the rear-view mirror and repeated "Hi!" "Hi! ‘ We set off at top speed through the narrow streets of Hiroshima. The tall buildings of the martyred city flashed by as we lurched from side to side in response to the driver's sharp twists of the wheel.Just as I was beginning to find the ride long, the taxi screeched to a halt, and the driver got out and went over to a policeman to ask the way. As in Tokyo, taxi drivers in Hiroshima often know little of their city, but to avoid loss of face before foreigners, will not admit their ignorance, and will accept any destination without concern for how long it may take them to find it.At last this intermezzo came to an end, and I found myself in front of the gigantic City Hall. The usher bowed deeply and heaved a long, almost musical sigh, when I showed him the invitation which the mayor had sent me in response to my request for an interview. "That is not here, sir," he said in English. "The mayor expects you tonight for dinner with other foreigners on the restaurant boat. See? This is where it is.‖ He sketched a little map for me on the back of my invitation.Thanks to his map, I was able to find a taxi driver who could take me straight to the canal embankment , where a sort of barge with a roof like one on a Japanese house was moored . The Japanese build their traditional houses on boats when land becomes too expensive. The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concreteskyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt.At the door to the restaurant, a stunning, porcelain-faced woman in traditional costume asked me to remove my shoes. This done, I entered one of the low-ceilinged rooms of the little floating house, treading cautiously on the soft matting and experiencing a twinge of embarrassment at the prospect of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima in my socks.He was a tall, thin man, sad-eyed and serious. Quite unexpectedly, the strange emotion which had overwhelmed me at the station returned, and I was again crushed by the thought that I now stood on the site of the first atomic bombardment, where thousands upon thousands of people had been slain in one second, where thousands upon thousands of others had lingered on to die in slow agony .The introductions were made. Most of the guests were Japanese, andit was difficult for me to ask them just why we were gathered here. The few Americans and Germans seemed just as inhibited as I was. "Gentlemen," said the mayor, "I am happy to welcome you to Hiroshima."Everyone bowed, including the Westerners. After three days in Japan, the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible."Gentlemen, it is a very great honor to have you here in Hiroshima."There were fresh bows, and the faces grew more and more serious each time the name Hiroshima was repeated."Hiroshima, as you know, is a city familiar to everyone,‖ continued the mayor."Yes, yes, o f course,‖ murmured the company, more and more agitated."Seldom has a city gained such world renown, and I am proud andhappy to welcome you to Hiroshima, a town known throughout the world for its--- oysters".I was just about to make my little bow of assent, when the meaningof these last words sankin, jolting me out of my sad reverie ."Hiroshima – oysters? What about the bomb and the misery and humanity's most heinous crime?" While the mayor went on with his speech in praise of southern Japanese sea food, I cautiously backed away and headed toward the far side of the room, where a few men were talking among themselves and paying little attention to the mayor's speech. "You look puzzled," said a small Japanese man with very large eye-glasses."Well, I must confess that I did not expect a speech about oysters here. I thought that Hiroshima still felt the impact of the atomic cataclysm .""No one talks about it any more, and no one wants to, especially,the people who were born here or who lived through it."Do you feel the same way, too?""I was here, but I was not in the center of town. I tell you this because I am almost an old man. There are two different schools of thought in this city of oysters, one that would like to preserve tracesof the bomb, and the other that would like to get rid of everything, even the monument that was erected at the point of impact. They would also like to demolish the atomic museum.""Why would they want to do that?""Because it hurts everybody, and because time marches on. That is why." The small Japanese man smiled, his eyes nearly closed behind their thick lenses. "If you write about this city, do not forget to say thatit is the gayest city in Japan, even it many of the town's people still bear hidden wounds, and burns."Like any other, the hospital smelled of formaldehyde and ether. Stretchers and wheelchairs lined the walls of endless corridors, and nurses walked by carrying nickel-plated instruments, the very sight of which would send shivers down the spine of any healthy visitor. The so-called atomic section was located on the third floor. It consisted of 17 beds."I am a fisherman by trade. I have been here a very long time, more than twenty years, "said an old man in Japanese pajamas. ―What is wrong with y ou?‖"Something inside. I was in Hiroshima when it happened. I saw thefire ball. But I had no burns on my face or body. I ran all over thecity looking for missing friends and relatives. I thought somehow I had been spared. But later my hair began to fall out, and my belly turned to water. I felt sick, and ever since then they have been testing and treating me. " The doctor at my side explained and commented upon theold man's story, "We still hare a handful of patients here who are being kept alive by constant care. The others died as a result of their injuries, or else committed suicide . ""Why did they commit suicide?""It is humiliating to survive in this city. If you bear any visible scars of atomic burns, your children will encounter prejudice on the part of those who do not. No one will marry the daughter or the niece of an atomic bomb victim. People are afraid of genetic damage from the radiation." The old fisherman gazed at me politely and with interest.Hanging over the patient was a big ball made of bits of brightly colored paper, folded into the shape of tiny birds. "What's that?" I asked."Those are my lucky birds. Each day that I escape death, each day of suffering that helps to free me from earthly cares, I make a new little paper bird, and add it to the others. This way I look at them and congratulate myself of the good fortune that my illness has brought me. Because,thanks to it, I have the opportunity to improve my character."Once again, outside in the open air, I tore into little pieces a small notebook with questions that I'd prepared in advance for interviews with the patients of the atomic ward. Among them was the question: Do you really think that Hiroshima is the liveliest city in Japan? I never asked it. But I could read the answer in every eye.(from an American radio program presented by Ed Kay)3.Ships in the DesertI was standing in the sun on the hot steel deck of a fishing ship capable of processing a fifty-ton catch on a good day. But it wasn' t a good day. We were anchored in what used to be the most productivefishing site in all of central Asia, but as I looked out over the bow , the prospects of a good catch looked bleak. Where there should have been gentle blue-green waves lapping against the side of the ship, there was nothing but hot dry sand – as far as I could see in all directions. The other ships of the fleet were also at rest in the sand, scattered in the dunes that stretched all the way to the horizon . Ten year s ago the Aral was the fourth-largest inland sea in the world, comparable to the largest of North America's Great Lakes. Now it is disappearing because the water that used to feed it has been diverted in an ill-considered irrigation scheme to grow cotton In the user t. The new shoreline was almost forty kilometers across the sand from where the fishing fleet was now permanently docked. Meanwhile, in the nearby town of Muynak the people were still canning fish – brought not from the Aral Sea but shipped by rail through Siberia from the Pacific Ocean, more than a thousand miles away.My search for the underlying causes of the environmental crisis has led me to travel around the world to examine and study many of these images of destruction. At the very bottom of the earth, high in theTrans-Antarctic Mountains, with the sun glaring at midnight through a hole in the sky, I stood in the unbelievable coldness and talked with ascientist in the late tall of 1988 about the tunnel he was digging through time. Slipping his parka back to reveal a badly burned face that was cracked and peeling, he pointed to the annual layers of ice in a core sample dug from the glacier on which we were standing. He moved his finger back in time to the ice of two decades ago. "Here's where the U. S Congress passed the Clean Air A ct, ‖ he said. At the bottom of the world, two continents away from Washington, D. C., even a small reduction in one country's emissions had changed the amount of pollution found in the remotest end least accessible place on earth.But the most significant change thus far in the earth' s atmosphere is the one that began with the industrial r evolution early in the last century and has picked up speed ever since. Industry meant coal, and later oil, and we began to burn lots of it – bringing rising levels of carbon dioxide(CO2) , with its ability to trap more heat in the atmosphere and slowly warm the earth. Fewer than a hundred yards from the South Pole, upwind from the ice runway where the ski plane lands and keeps its engines running to prevent the metal parts from freeze-locking together, scientists monitor the air sever al times ever y day to chart the course of that inexorable change. During my visit, I watched one scientist draw the results of that day's measurements, pushing the end of a steep line still higher on the graph. He told me how easy it is – there at the end of the earth – to seethat this enormous change in the global atmosphere is still picking up speed.Two and a half years later I slept under the midnight sun at the other end of our planet, in a small tent pitched on a twelve-toot-thick slab of ice floating in the frigid Arctic Ocean. After a hearty breakfast, my companions and I traveled by snowmobiles a few miles farther north to a rendezvous point where the ice was thinner –only three and a half feet thick – and a nuclearsubmarine hovered in the water below. After it crashed through the ice, took on its new passengers, and resubmerged, I talked with scientists who were trying to measure more accurately the thickness of the polar ice cap, which many believe is thinning as a re-suit of global warming. I had just negotiated an agreement between ice scientists and the U. S. Navy to secure the re-lease of previously top secret data from submarine sonar tracks, data that could help them learn what is happening to the north polar cap. Now, I wanted to see the pole it-self, and some eight hours after we met the submarine, we were crashing through that ice, surfacing, and then I was standing in an eerily beautiful snowcape, windswept and sparkling white, with the horizon defined by little hummocks, or "pressure ridges " of ice that are pushed up like tiny mountain ranges when separate sheets collide. But here too, CD, levels are rising just as rapidly, and ultimately temperature will rise with them – indeed, global warming is expected to push temperatures up much more rapidly in the polar regions than in the restof the world. As the polar air warms, the ice her e will thin; and since the polar cap plays such a crucial role in the world's weather system, the consequences of a thinning cap could be disastrous.Considering such scenarios is not a purely speculative exercise. Six months after I returned from the North Pole, a team of scientists reported dramatic changes in the pattern of ice distribution in the Arctic, and a second team reported a still controversialclaim (which a variety of data now suggest) that, over all, the north polar cap has thinned by 2 per cent in just the last decade. Moreover, scientists established several years ago that in many land areas north of theArctic Circle, the spring snowmelt now comes earlier every year, and deep in the tundra below, the temperature e of the earth is steadily rising.As it happens, some of the most disturbing images of environmental destruction can be found exactly halfway between the North and South poles – precisely at the equator in Brazil – wherebillowing clouds of smoke regularly black-en the sky above the immense but now threatened Amazon rain forest. Acre by acre, the rain forest is being burned to create fast pasture for fast-food beef; as I learned when I went there in early 1989, the fires are set earlier and earlier in the dry season now, with more than one Tennessee's worth of rain forest being slashed and burned each year. According to our guide, the biologist Tom Lovejoy, there are more different species of birds ineach square mile of the Amazon than exist in all of North America –which means we aresilencing thousands of songs we have never even heard.But one doesn't have to travel around the world to wit-ness humankind's assault on the earth. Images that signal the distress of our global environment are now commonly seen almost anywhere. On some nights, in high northern latitudes, the sky itself offers another ghostly image that signals the loss of ecological balance now in progress. If the sky is clear after sunset -- and it you are watching from a place where pollution hasn't blotted out the night sky altogether -- you can sometimes see a strange kind of cloud high in the sky. This "noctilucent cloud" occasionally appears when the earth is first cloaked in the evening dark-ness; shimmering above us with a translucent whiteness, these clouds seem quite unnatural. And they should: noctilucent clouds have begun to appear more often because of a huge buildup of methane gas in the atmosphere. (Also called natural gas, methane is released from landfills , from coal mines and rice paddies, from billions of termites that swarm through the freshly cut forestland, from the burning of biomass and from a variety of other human activities. ) Even though noctilucent clouds weresometimes seen in the past., all this extra methane carries morewater vapor into the upper atmosphere, where it condenses at much higher altitudes to form more clouds that the sun's rays still strike longafter sunset has brought the beginning of night to the surface far beneath them.What should we feel toward these ghosts in the sky? Simple wonder or the mix of emotions we feel at the zoo? Perhaps we should feel awe for our own power: just as men "ear tusks from elephants‘ heads in such quantity as to threaten the beast with extinction, we are ripping matter from its place in the earth in such volume as to upset the balance between daylight and darkness. In the process, we are once again adding to the threat of global warming, be-cause methane has been one of the fastest-growing green-house gases, and is third only to carbon dioxide and water vapor in total volume, changing the chemistry of the upper atmosphere. But, without even considering that threat, shouldn't it startle us that we have now put these clouds in the evening sky which glisten with a spectral light? Or have our eyes adjusted so completely to the bright lights of civilization that we can't see these clouds for what they are – a physical manifestation of theviolent collision between human civilization and the earth?Even though it is sometimes hard to see their meaning, we have by now all witnessed surprising experiences that signal the damage from our assault on the environment --whether it's the new frequency of days when the temperature exceeds 100 degrees, the new speed with which the -un burns our skin, or the new constancy of public debate over what to do with growing mountains of waste. But our response to these signals is puzzling. Why haven't we launched a massive effort to save ourenvironment? To come at the question another way' Why do some images startle us into immediate action and focus our attention or ways to respond effectively? And why do other images, though sometimes equally dramatic, produce instead a Kin. of paralysis, focusing our attention not on ways to respond but rather on some convenient, less painful distraction?Still, there are so many distressing images of environ-mental destruction that sometimes it seems impossible to know how to absorb or comprehend them. Before considering the threats themselves, it may be helpful to classify them and thus begin to organize our thoughts and feelings so that we may be able to respond appropriately.A useful system comes from the military, which frequently places a conflict in one of three different categories, according to the theater in which it takes place. There are "local" skirmishes, "regional" battles, and "strategic" conflicts. This third category is reserved for struggles that can threaten a nation's survival and must be under stood in a global context. Environmental threats can be considered in the same way. For example, most instances of water pollution, air pollution, and illegal waste dumping are essentially local in nature. Problems like acid rain, the contamination of under-ground aquifers, and large oil spills are fundamentally regional. In both of these categories, there may be so many similar instances of particular local and regional problems occurring simultaneously all over the world that the patter n appears to be global, but the problems themselves are still not trulystrategic because the operation of- the global environment is not affected and the survival of civilization is not at stake.However, a new class of environmental problems does affect theglobal ecological system, and these threats are fundamentally strategic. The 600 percent increase in the amount of chlorine in the atmosphere during the last forty years has taken place not just in those countries producing the chlorofluorocarbons responsible but in the air above every country, above Antarctica, above the North Pole and the Pacific Ocean –all the way from the surface of the earth to the top of the sky. The increased levels of chlorine disrupt the global process by which the earth regulates the amount of ultraviolet radiation from the sun that is allowed through the atmosphere to the surface; and it we let chlorine levels continue to increase, the radiation levels will al-so increase – to thepoint that all animal and plant life will face a new threat to their survival.Global warming is also a strategic threat. The concentration of carbon dioxide and other heat-absorbing molecules has increased by almost 25 per cent since World War II, posing a worldwide threat to the earth's ability to regulate the amount of heat from the sun retained in the atmosphere. This increase in heat seriously threatens the global climate equilibrium that determines the pattern of winds, rainfall, surface temperatures, ocean currents, and sea level. These in turndetermine the distribution of vegetative and animal life on land and sea and have a great effect on the location and pattern of human societies.In other words, the entire relationship between humankind and the earth has been transformed because our civilization is suddenly capable of affecting the entire global environment, not just a particular area. All of us know that human civilization has usually had a large impact on the environment; to mention just one example, there is evidence that even in prehistoric times, vast areas were sometimes intentionally burned by people in their search for food. And in our own time we have reshaped a large part of the earth's surface with concrete in our cities and carefully tended rice paddies, pastures, wheat fields, and other croplands in the countryside. But these changes, while sometimes appearing to be pervasive , have, until recently, been relativelytrivial factors in the global ecological sys-tem. Indeed, until our lifetime, it was always safe to assume that nothing we did or could do would have any lasting effect on the global environment. But it is precisely that assumption which must now be discarded so that we can think strategically about our new relationship to the environment.Human civilization is now the dominant cause of change in the global environment. Yet we resist this truth and find it hard to imagine that our effect on the earth must now be measured by the same yardstick used to calculate the strength of the moon's pull on the oceans or the force of the wind against the mountains. And it we are now capable of changing something so basic as the relationship between the earth and the sun,。
高级英语第一册马克吐温课文翻译以及词汇
在大多数美国人的心目中，马克•吐温是位伟大作家，他描写了哈克•费恩永恒的童年时代中充满诗情画意的旅程和汤姆•索亚在漫长的夏日里自由自在历险探奇的故事。
的确，这位美国最受人喜爱的作家的探索精神、爱国热情、浪漫气质及幽默笔调都达到了登峰造极的程度。
但我发现还有另一个不同的马克•吐温——一个由于深受人生悲剧的打击而变得愤世嫉俗、尖酸刻薄的马克•吐温，一个为人类品质上的弱点而忧心忡忡、明显地看到前途是一片黑暗的人。
印刷工、领航员、邦联游击队员、淘金者、耽于幻想的乐天派、语言尖刻的讽刺家：马克•吐温原名塞缪尔•朗赫恩•克莱门斯，他一生之中有超过三分之一的时间浪迹美国各地，体验着美国的新生活，尔后便以作家和演说家的身分将他所感受到的这一切介绍给全世界。
他的笔名取自他在蒸汽船上做工时听到的报告水深为两口寻(12英尺)——意即可以通航的信号语。
他的作品中有二十几部至今仍在印行，其外文译本仍在世界各地拥有读者，由此可见他的享誉程度。
在马克•吐温青年时代，美国的地理中心是密西西比河流域，而密西西比河是这个年轻国家中部的交通大动脉。
龙骨船、平底船和大木筏载运着最重要的商品。
木材、玉米、烟草、小麦和皮货通过这些运载工具顺流而下，运送到河口三角洲地区，而砂糖、糖浆、棉花和威士忌酒等货物则被运送到北方。
在19世纪50年代，西部领土开发高潮到来之前，辽阔的密西西比河流域占美国已开发领土的四分之三。
1857年，少年马克•吐温作为蒸汽船上的一名小领航员踏人了这片天地。
在这个新的工作岗位上，他接触到的是各式各样的人物，看到的是一个多姿多彩的大干世界。
他完全地投身到这种生活之中，经常在操舵室里听着人们谈论民间争斗、海盗抢劫、私刑案件、游医卖药以及河边的一些化外民居的故事。
所有这一切，连同他那像留声机般准确可靠的记忆所吸收的丰富多彩的语言，后来都有机会在他的作品中得以再现。
蒸汽船的甲板上不仅挤满了富有开拓精神的人们，而且也载着一些娼妓、赌棍和歹徒等社会渣滓。
高级英语第一册详细讲解
⾼级英语第⼀册详细讲解Lesson one The Middle Eastern Bazaar⼀． Background information⼆．Brief overview and writing styleThis text is a piece of description. In this article, the author describes a vivid and live scene of noisy hilarity of the Middle Eastern Bazaar to readers. At first, he describes the general atmosphere of the bazaar. The entrance of the bazaar is aged and noisy. However, as one goes through the bazaar, the noise the entrance fades away. One of the peculiarities of the Eastern bazaar is that shopkeepers dealing in the same kind of goods gather in the same area. Then the author introduces some strategies for bargaining with the seller in the bazaar which are quite useful. After that he describes some impressive specific market of the bazaar particularly including the copper-smiths market, the carpet-market, the spice-market, the food-market, the dye-market, the pottery-market and the carpenter’s market which honeycomb the bazaar. The typical animal in desert----camels----can also attract attention by their disdainful expressions. To the author the most unforgettable thing in the bazaar is the place where people make linseed oil. Hence he describes this complicated course with great details.The author’s vivid and splendid description takes readers back to hundreds of thousands of years age to the aged middle eastern bazaar, which gives the article an obvious diachronic and spatial sense. The appeal to readers’ visual and hearing sense throughout the description is also a marked feature of this piece of writing. In short, being a Westerner, the author views the oriental culture and civilization as old and backward but interesting and fantastic. Through careful observation and detailed comparison, the author depicts some new and original peculiarities of the Middle Eastern bazaar which are unique and distinguished.三．Detailed study of the textParagraph 1 the general atmosphere of the bazaar1. The Middle Eastern bazaar takes you back…of years:1) Middle East: generally referring to the area from Afghanistan to Egypt, includingthe Arabian Peninsula, Cyprus, and Asiatic Turkey.2) A bazaar is an oriental market-place where a variety of goods is sold. The wordperhaps comes from the Persian word bazar.（中东和印度等的）集市，市场was ancient, the bricks and stones were aged and the economy was a handicraft economy which no longer existed in the West.2. The one I am thinking of particularly is entered…:1) is entered..: The present tense used here is called “historical present(历史现在时)”. It is used for vividness.2) Gothic: of a style of building in Western Europe between the 12th and 16th centuries,with pointed arches , arched roofs, tall thin pillars, and stained glass windows.3) aged: having existed long; very old3. You pass from the heat and glare of a big open square into a cool, dark cavern…: 1) Here “the heat” is contrasted with “cool”, “glare” with “dark”, and“open square” with “cavern”.2) glare: strong, fierce, unpleasant light, not so agreeable and welcome as “brightsunlight”.强光，耀眼的光3) “cavern” here does not really mean a cave or an underground chamber. Fromthe text we can see it is a long, narrow, dark street of workshops and shops with some sort of a roof over them.⼤洞⽳（尤指⼤⽽⿊的）and the brightness of the sunlight is most disagreeable. But when you enter the gateway, you come to a long, narrow, dark street with some sort of a roof over it and it is cool inside.4. which extends as far as the eye can see:The word eye and ear are used in the singular not to mean the concrete organ of sight or hearing but something abstract; they are often used figuratively. Here the eye means man’s power of seeing or eyesight. .1)She has an eye for beauty.2)The boy has a sharp eye.3)To turn a blind eye / a deaf ear to sth or sb.4)His words are unpleasant to the ear.5. losing itself in the shadowy distance…: shadowy suggests shifting illumination and distinct. . A zig-zag path loses itself in the shadowy distance of the woods.（⼀条蜿蜒的⼩路隐没在树荫深处。
高级英语第一册Unit 1 (文章结构+课文讲解+课文翻译+课后练习+答案)
《高级英语》Advanced English第一册Unit 1The Middle Eastern BazaarTHE MIDDLE EASTERN BAZAAR 教学目的及重点难点Aims of teaching1. To comprehend the whole text2. To lean and master the vocabulary and expressions3. To understand the structure of the text4. To appreciate the style and rhetoric of the passage.Important and difficult points1. What is description?2. The comprehension and appreciation of the words describing sound, colour, light, heat, size and smell.3. The appreciation of the words and expressions used for stress and exaggeration.4. Some useful expressions such as to make a point of, it is a point of honour…, and etcBackground informationThis text is taken from Advanced Comprehension and Appreciation Pieces (1962), which was intended for students preparing for the Cambridge Certificate of Proficiency Examination, & for students in the top class of secondary schools or in the first year of a university course.The Middle Eastern BazaarThe Middle Eastern bazaar takes you back hundreds --- even thousands --- of years. The one I am thinking of particularly is entered by a Gothic - arched gateway of aged brick and stone. You pass from the heat and glare of a big, open square into a cool, darkcavern which extends as far as the eye can see, losing itself in the shadowy distance. Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs of people entering and leavingthe bazaar. The roadway is about twelve feet wide, but it is narrowed every few yards by little stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold. The din of the stall-holder; crying their wares, of donkey-boys and porters clearing a way for themselves by shouting vigorously, and of would-be purchasers arguing and bargaining is continuous and makes you dizzy.Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market. The earthen floor, beaten hard by countless feet, deadens the sound of footsteps, and the vaulted mud-brick walls and roof have hardly any sounds to echo. The shop-keepers speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers, overwhelmed by the sepulchral atmosphere, follow suit .One of the peculiarities of the Eastern bazaar is that shopkeepers dealing in the same kind of goods do not scatter themselves over the bazaar, in order to avoid competition, but collect in the same area, so that purchasers can know where to find them, and so that they can form a closely knit guild against injustice or persecution . In the cloth-market, for instance, all the sellers of material for clothes, curtains, chair covers and so on line the roadway on both sides, each open-fronted shop having a trestle trestle table for display and shelves for storage. Bargaining is the order of the cay, and veiled women move at a leisurely pace from shop to shop, selecting, pricing and doing a little preliminary bargaining before they narrow down their choice and begin the really serious business of beating the price down.It is a point of honour with the customer not to let the shopkeeper guess what it is she really likes and wants until the last moment. If he does guess correctly, he will price the item high, and yield little in the bargaining. The seller, on the other hand, makes a point of protesting that the price he is charging is depriving him of all profit, and that he is sacrificing this because of his personal regard for the customer. Bargaining can go on the whole day, or even several days, with the customer coming and going at intervals .One of the most picturesque and impressive parts of the bazaar is the copper-smiths' market. As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear. It grows louder and more distinct, until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes, as the burnished copper catches the light of innumerable lamps and braziers . In each shop sit the apprentices –boys and youths, some of them incredibly young – hammering away at copper vessels of all shapes and sizes, while the shop-owner instructs, and sometimes takes a hand with a hammer himself. In the background, a tiny apprentice blows a bi-, charcoal fir e with a hugeleather bellows worked by a string attached to his big toe -- the red of the live coals glowing, bright and then dimming rhythmically to the strokes of the bellows.Here you can findbeautiful pots and bowlsengrave with delicate andintricate traditionaldesigns, or the simple,everyday kitchenwareused in this country,pleasing in form, butundecorated and strictlyfunctional. Elsewherethere is the carpet-market,with its profusion of richcolours, varied textures and regional designs -- some bold and simple, others unbelievably detailed and yet harmonious. Then there is the spice-market, with its pungent and exotic smells; and thefood-market, where you can buy everything you need for the most sumptuous dinner, or sit in a tiny restaurant with porters and apprentices and eat your humble bread and cheese. The dye-market, the pottery-market and the carpenters' market lie elsewhere in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar. Every here and there, a doorway gives a glimpse of a sunlit courtyard, perhaps before a mosque or a caravanserai , where camels lie disdainfully chewing their hay, while the great bales of merchandise they have carried hundreds of miles across the desert lie beside them.Perhaps the most unforgettable thing in the bazaar, apart from its general atmosphere, is the place where they make linseed oil. It is a vast, sombre cavern of a room, some thirty feet high and sixty feet square, and so thick with the dust of centuries that the mudbrick walls and vaulted roof are only dimly visible. In this cavern are three massive stone wheels, each with a huge pole through its centre as an axle. The pole is attached at the one end to an upright post, around which it can revolve, and at the other to a blind-folded camel, which walks constantly in a circle, providing the motive power to turn the stone wheel. This revolves in a circular stone channel, into which an attendant feeds linseed. The stone wheel crushes it to a pulp, which is then pressed to extract the oil .The camels are the largest and finest I have ever seen, and in superb condition –muscular, massive and stately.The pressing of the linseed pulp to extract the oil is done by a vast ramshackle apparatus of beams and ropes and pulleys which towers to the vaulted ceiling and dwarfs the camels and their stonewheels. The machine is operated by one man, who shovels the linseed pulp into a stone vat, climbs up nimbly to a dizzy height to fasten ropes, and then throws his weight on to a great beam made out of a tree trunk to set the ropes and pulleys in motion. Ancient girders girders creak and groan , ropes tighten and then a trickle of oil oozes oozes down a stone runnel into a used petrol can. Quickly the trickle becomes a flood of glistening linseed oil as the beam sinks earthwards, taut and protesting, its creaks blending with the squeaking and rumbling of the grinding-wheels and the occasional grunts and sighs of the camels.(from Advanced Comprehension and Appreciation pieces, 1962 )NOTES1) This piece is taken from Advanced Comprehension and Appreciation Pieces, compiled for overseas students by L. A. Hill and D.J. May, published by Oxford University Press, Hong Kong, 1962.2) Middle East: generally referring to the area from Afghanistan to Egypt, including the Arabian Peninsula, Cyprus, and Asiatic Turkey.3) Gothic: a style of architecture originated in N. France in 11th century, characterized by pointed arches, ribbed vaulting, steep, high roofs, etc.4) veiled women: Some Moslems use the veil---more appropriately, the purdah --- to seclude or hide their women from the eyes of strangers.5) caravanserai (caravansary): in the Middle East, a kind of inn with a large central court, where bands of merchants or pilgrims, together with their camels or horses, stay for shelter and refreshmentTHE MIDDLE EASTERN BAZAAR 文章结构THE MIDDLE EASTERN BAZAARStructural and stylistic analysis&Writing TechniqueSection I: ( paras. 1, 2) General atmosphereTopic Sentence: The Middle Eastern...takes you ...years.ancientness, backwardness, primitivenessharmonious, liveliness, self-sufficient, simple, not sophisticated, active, vigorous, healthySection II (One of the peculiarities) the cloth marketSection III (One of the most picturesque) the coppersmith market and etc.Section IV (Perhaps the most unforgettable) the mill where linseed oil is madeTYPE of Writing: Description: A description is painting a picture in words of a person, place, object, or scene.a description essay is generally developed through sensory details, or the impressions of one’s senses --- sight, hearing, taste, smell and touch. The writer generally chooses those that help to bring out the dominant characteristic or outstanding quality of the person or thing described.1. From Macro to Micro2. words appealing to senses: light & heat, sound & movement, and smell & colour.3 nouns, adjectives and even adverbs used as verbs: thread, round, narrow, price, live, tower and dwarf.4. words imitating sounds: onomatopoeia.5. stressful and impressive sentence structures:the one I am thinking of particularly…one of the peculiarities …one of the most picturesque and impressive parts …the most unforgettable thing in the bazaar,…The Middle Eastern Bazaar 课文讲解THE MIDDLE EASTERN BAZAARDetailed Study of the Text1. Middle East: Southeast Asia and Northeast Africa,including the Near East and Iran and Afghanistan.Near Ease: the Arabian Peninsula ( Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrein, and Kuwait), Turkey, Iraq, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Egypt and Sudan.1. Middle East: Southeast Asia and Northeast Africa, including the Near East and Iran and Afghanistan.Near Ease: the Arabian Peninsula ( Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrein, and Kuwait), Turkey, Iraq, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Egypt and Sudan.Far East: China, Japan, Korea, Mongolia and East Siberia2. particular: special, single and different from others. When sth. is particular, we mean it is the single or an example of the whole under consideration. the term is clearly opposed to general and that it is a close synonym of "single".Particular is also often used in the sense of special.I have sth. very particular (special) to say to Mr. Clinton.She always took particular (special) notice of me.On this particular (single) day we had to be at school early.I don't like this particular (single) hat, but the others are quite nice.3. Gothic-arched: a type of architecture (see. ALD, church picture)Goth: one of the German tribesArch: a curved top sometimes with a central point resting on 2 supports as above a door.aged: a. [d d]My son is aged 10.When he was aged 6, he went to school.a middle aged coupleb. [d id] ancientHe is aged; her aged grandfathermedicare for the sick & aged4. glare: shining intensely, harshly, uncomfortably, and too strong; in a way unpleasant to the eyes5. cavern: a large deep cave (hollow place in the side of a cliff or hill, or underground), closed roofed place. Here in the text we can see that it is a long, narrow, dark street or workshops and stores with some sort of roof over them.6. losing itself in the shadowy distance: in the farthest distance everything becomes obscure, unclear, or only dimly visible in the dark surroundings.lose: come to be withoutshadow: greater darkness where direct light, esp. sunlight, is blocked by sth.; a dark shapeshadowy: hard to see or know about clearly, not distinct, dimHere shadowy suggests the changing of having and not having light, the shifting of lightness and darkness. There may be some spots of brightness in the dark.7. harmonious:harmony: musical notes combined together in a pleasant sounding waytinkle: to make light metallic soundcf:jingle: light tinkling soundThe rain tinkled on the metal roof.She laughed heartily, a sound as cool as ice tinkling in the glass. to tinkle coins together8. throng: large crowd of people or things, a crowd of people busy doing sth. searching up and down, engaging in some kind of activitycf: crowd: general term, large number of people together, but without order or organization.Crowd basically implies a close gathering and pressing together. The boulevard was crammed with gay, laughing crowds.Throng varies so little in meaning from crowd that the two words are often used interchangeably without loss. Throng sometimes carries the stronger implication of movement and of pushing and the weaker implication of density.Throngs circulating through the streets.The pre-Xmas sale attracted a throng of shoppers.9. thread: make one's way carefully, implies zigzag, roundaboutsThe river threads between the mountains.10. roadway:a. central part used by wheeled traffic, the middle part of a road where vehicles driveb. a strip of land over which a road passes11. narrow:In the bright sunlight she had to narrow her eyes.The river narrows at this point.They narrowed the search for the missing boy down to five streets near the school.She looked far into the shadowy distance, her eyes narrowed, a hand on the eyebrows to prevent the glare.The aircraft carrier was too big to pass through the narrows (narrow passage between two large stretches of water).12. stall: BrE. a table or small open-fronted shop in a public place, sth. not permanent, often can be put together and taken away, on which wares are set up for sale.13. din: specific word of noise, loud, confused, continuous noise, low roar which can not be distinguished exactly until you get close, often suggests unpleasant. disordered mixture of confusing and disturbing sounds, stress prolonged, deafening, ear-splitting metallic soundsThe children were making so much din that I could not make myself heard.They kicked up such a din at the party.The din stopped when the curtain was raised.the din of the cheerful crowd14. wares (always-pl.) articles offered for sale, usu. not in a shop. The word gives the impression of traditional commodity, items, goods, more likely to be sold in free-markets.to advertise / hawk / peddle one's waresGoods: articles for sale, possessions that can be moved or carried by train, road; not house, land,There is a variety of goods in the shops.goods train / freight train, canned goods, half-finished goods, clearance goods, textile goods, high-quality goodsware: (lit.) articles for sale, usu. not in a shopThe silversmith showed us his wares.The baker travelled round the town selling his wares. kitchenware, tableware, hardware, softwareearthenware, tinware, ironware, silverwarecommodity: an article of trade or commerce, esp. a farm or mineral productWheat is a valuable commodity.Wine is one of the many commodities that France sells abroad.a commodity fairmerchandise: (U.) things for sale, a general term for all the specific goods or wares.The store has the best merchandise in town.We call these goods merchandise.15. would-be: likely, possible, which one wishes to be but is nota would-be musician / football player16. purchase (fml. or tech.) to buyYou buy some eggs, but purchase a house.17. bargain: to talk about the condition of a sale, agreement, or contract18. dizzy: feeling as if everything were turning round , mentally confusedIf you suffer from anaemia, you often feel dizzy.Every night, when my head touches the pillows, I felt a wave ofdizziness.The two-day journey on the bus makes me dizzy.19. penetrate: to enter, pass, cut, or force a way into or through. The word suggests force, a compelling power to make entrance and also resistance in the medium.The bullet can penetrate a wall.The scud missile can penetrate a concrete works of 1 metre thick. Rainwater has penetrated through the roof of my house.20. fade: to lose strength, colour, freshness, etc.fade away: go slowly out of hearing, gradually disappearingThe farther you push / force your way into the bazaar, the lower and softer the noise becomes until finally it disappears. Then you arrive at the cloth market where the sound is hardly audible. Colour cloth often fades when it is washed.The light faded as the sun went down.The sound of the footsteps faded away.The noise of the airplane faded away.21. mute:adj.a. silent, without speechThe boy has been mute since birth.b. not pronounced:The word "debt" contains a mute letter.noun:a. a person who cannot speakThe boy was born a deaf mute.( has healthy speech organs but never has heard speech sounds, can be trained to speak){cf: He is deaf and dumb (unable to speak).}b. an object that makes a musical instrument give softer sound when placed against the strings or in the stream of airverb: to reduce the sound of, to make a sound softer than usualto mute a musical instrumentHere in the text the word "muted" is used to suggest the compelling circumstances, forcing you to lower your sound.22. beaten: (of a path, track, etc.) that is given shape by the feet of those who pass along it, suggesting ancientness, timelessness. The path becomes flat due to the treading of countless people through thousands of years.We followed a well-beaten path through the forest.23. deaden: to cause to lose strength, force, feeling, and brightnessto deaden the painTwo of these pills will deaden the ache.24. measured: steady, careful, slow, suggesting lack ofspeed, paying attention to what to say25. overwhelm: overcome, control completely and usu. suddenlyThe enemy were overwhelmed by superior forces.Sorrow overwhelmed the family.She was overwhelmed with griefThey won an overwhelming victory / majority.26. sepulchral: related to grave, gloomy, dismalsepulchre / er : old and bibl. use, a burial place; a tomb, esp. one cut in rock or built of stone27. follow suit: to do the same as one else has, to play / to deal the cards of the same suits (in poker, there two red suits, and two black suits. They are hearts, diamonds, spades, clubs, jokers, aces, kings, queens and jacks (knaves).When the others went swimming, I followed suit.He went to bed and I followed suit after a few minutes.28. peculiarity: a distinguishing characteristic, special feature, suggesting difference from normal or usual, strangeness. One of his peculiarities is that his two eyes are not the same colour.The large fantail is a peculiarity of the peacock.The peculiarity of her behaviour puzzled everyone.29. deal in: sell and buy, trade inThis merchant deals in silk goods.Most foreign trading companies in West Africa deal in rubber, cocoa and vegetable oils.30. scatter: to cause (a group) to separate widely, to spread widely in all directions as if by throwingThe frightened people scattered about in all directions.One of the special features / characteristics of the M.E. bazaar is that shopkeepers in the same trade always gather together in the same place to do their business.31. knit: to make things to wear by uniting threads into a kind of close network. Here, to unite or join closely32. guild / gild: an association for businessmen or skilled workers who joined together in former times to help one another and to make rules for training new members33. persecution: cruel treatmentpersecute: to treat cruelly, cause to suffer, esp. for religious or political beliefsThe first immigrants came to American mainly because they wanted to avoid religious persecution / after being persecuted for their religious beliefs.be persecuted by sb. for sth.bloody / terrible /relentless persecutionsuffer from / be subjected to political / religious persecution34. line: form rows along35. trestle: wooden beam fixed at each end to a pair of spreading legs, used, usu. in pairs, as a removable support of a table or other flat surface.36. order of the day: the characteristic or dominant feather or activity, the prevailing state of thingsIf sth. is the order of the day, it is very common among a particular group of peopleConfusion became the order of the day in the Iraqi headquarters due to the electronic interference from the Allied forces. Learning from Lei Feng and Jiao Yulu has become the order of the day recently.Jeans and mini-skirts are no longer the order of the day now. During that period, the Gulf War became the order of the day.37. veil: covering of fine net or other material to protect or hidea woman's face38. leisure: time free from work, having plenty of free time, not in a hurry to do sth.39. pace: rate or speed in walking, marching, running or developing40. preliminary: coming before sth. introducing or preparing for sth. more important, preparatoryThere were several preliminary meetings before the general assembly.A physical examination is a preliminary to joining the army.41. beat down: to reduce by argument or other influence, to persuade sb. to reduce a priceThe man asked $5 for the dress, but I beat him down to $4.50.42. a point of honour: sth. considered important for one's self-respectIt's a point of honour with me to keep my promise = I made it a point of honour to keep my promise.In our country, it is a point of honour with a boy to pay the bill when he is dining with a girl / when he dines a girl; but on the other hand, a western girl would regard it a point of honour (with her) to pay the bill herself.43. make a point of / make it a point to: do sth because one considers it important or necessary, to take particular care of, make extraordinary efforts in, regard or treat as necessaryI always make a point of checking that all the windows are shut before I go out.I always made a point of being on time.I always make a point of remembering my wife's birthday.He made a point of thanking his hostess before he left the party. The rush-hour commute to my job is often nerve-racking, so I make it a point to be a careful and considerate motorist.Some American people make it a point of conscience to have no social distinctions between whites and blacks.44. what it is: used to stressWhat is it she really likes?What is it you do?What is it you really want?45. protest: to express one's disagreement, feeling of unfairnessHere: insist firmly, a firming strongly46. deprive of: take away from, prevent from usingto deprive sb. of political rights / of his power / civil rightsThe misfortunes almost deprived him of his reason.The accident deprived him of his sight / hearing.47. sacrifice: to give up or lose, esp. for some good purpose or beliefThe ancient Greeks sacrificed lambs or calves before engaging in a battle.(infml) to sell sth. at less than its cost or valueI need the money and I have to sacrifice (on the price of) my car.48. regard: regard, respect, esteem, admire and their corresponding nouns are comparable when they mean a feeling for sb. or sth.Regard is the most colourless as well as the most formal. It usu. requires a modifier to reinforce its meaningI hold her in high / low / the greatest regard.to have a high / low regard for sb's opinion.Steve was not highly regarded in his hometown.It is proper to use respect from junior to senior or inferior to superior. It also implies a considered and carefulevaluation or estimation. Sometimes it suggests recognition of sth. as sacred. He respected their views even though he could not agree with them.to have respect for one's privacy, rights...Esteem implies greater warmth of feeling accompanying a high valuation.Einstein's theory of relativity won for his universal esteem. Admiration and Admire, like esteem, imply a recognition of superiority, but they usually connote more enthusiastic appreciation, and sometimes suggest genuine affection. Sometimes the words stress the personal attractiveness of the object of admiration, and weaken the implication of esteem.I have long felt the deepest esteem for you, and your present courageous attitude has added admiration to esteem.regard:to regard sb's wishes / advice / what... (but not sb.)respect:to respect sb.to respect sb.'s courage / opinion /esteem:to esteem sb.to esteem sb. for his honesty / courageadmire:to admire sb.to admire the flowers / sb.' poem49. the customer coming and going at intervals.A customer buys things from a shop; a client get services from a lawyer, a bank or a hairdresser; One who get medical services is a patient and a guest is served in a hotel.at intervals: happening regularly after equal periods of time Trains leave at short intervals.The trees were planted beside the road at 50-meters intervals.50. picturesque: charming or interesting enough to be made into a picture, striking, vivid51. -smith: a worker in metal, a makercopper- / gold- / tin- / black- / gun-smith52. clash: a noisy, usu. metallic sound of collisionswords clashThe dustbins clashed as the men emptied them.bang: to hit violently, to make a loud noiseThe door banged open / shut.He banged the window shut.53. impinge on (upon): to strike or dash esp. with a sharp collisionI heard the rain impinge upon the earth.The strong light impinge on his eyes.The noise of the aeroplane overhead impinged on our ears.to have effect onThe need to see that justice is done impinges on every decision made in the courts.54. distinct: clearly seen, heard, understood, etc. plane, noticeable, and distinguishable to the eye or ear or mind Anything clearly noticed is distinctThere is a distinct smell of beer in this room.A thing or quality that is clearly different from others of its kind is distinctive or distinct fromBeer has a very distinctive smell. It is quite distinct from the smell of wine.55. round:Please round your lips to say "oo".Stones rounded by the action of water are called cobbles.The ship rounded the cape / the tip of the peninsula.56. burnish: to polish, esp. metal, usu. with sth. hard and smooth, polish by friction, make smooth and shiny57. brazier: open metal framework like a basket, usu. on leg, for holding a charcoal or coal fire (see picture in ALD)58. youth: often derog. a young person, esp. a young malea group of youthsthe friends of my youthcollective noun: the youth (young men and women) of the nation59. incredible: This word comes from credit, which means belief, trust, and faithcredit cardWe place full credit in the government's ability.We gave credit to his story.credible: deserving or worthy of belief, trustworthyIs the witness's story credible?After this latest affair he hardly seems credible as a politician. incredible: too strange to be believed, unbelievable60. hammer away at:away: continuously, constantlySo little Hans worked away in his garden.He was laughing (grumbling) away all afternoon.61. vessel:a. usu. round container, such as a glass, pot, bottle, bucket or barrel, used for holding liquidsb. (fml) a ship or large boatc. a tube that carries blood or other liquid through the body, or plant juice through a plant: blood vessel62. bellows: an instrument for blowing air into a fire to make it burn quickly63. the red of the live...The light of the burning coal becomes alternately bright and dim (by turns, one follows the other) as the coal burns and dies down, burns again, along with the repeated movements of the bellows.64. glow: send out brightness or warmth, heat or light without flame or smokeWhen you draws a deep mouthful, the cigarette tip glows.65. rhythmically: happening at regular periods of time, alternately; by turns。
高级英语第一册 Unit10 The trial that rocked the world
怒发冲冠，凭栏处，萧萧雨歇。抬望眼仰天长啸， 壮怀激烈。（岳飞《满江红》）
自春来，惨绿愁红，芳心事事可可。（柳永《定风 波》）
fundamentalist movement
a clash between the fundamentalists and the modernists. The fundamentalists: a literal interpretation of the Old Testament
When, where, why, who
The first day of the trial
The judge called for a local minister to open the session with prayer, and the trial got under way.
The climax of the trial
The trial was resumed outside under the maples. Darrow sprang his trump card by calling Bryan as a witness for the defence.
The climax of the trial
Transferred epithet
Franklin Roosevelt listened with bright-eyed smiling attention, saying nothing, and applauding heartily with the rest. 富兰克林 · 罗斯福目光炯炯，满脸笑容，聚精会神地 听着；他没说什么，只是跟大伙儿开心地鼓掌喝彩。 相思枕上的长夜，怎样的厌厌难尽啊！（闻一多 《红豆》）
高级英语第一册Unit1课文
⾼级英语第⼀册Unit1课⽂Unit 1: The Middle Eastern BazaarA. Teaching Objectives (Vocabulary/ Paraphrase/ Structure/ Style/ Rhetoric)1. know the background of “Middle Eastern Bazaar”2. grasp the main idea and the theme of this essay3. master the language used in a special way in the essay4. paraphrase the difficult sentences and understand the structure of the text.5. appreciate the description writing and rhetoric skills in advanced level6. conduct a series of discussing, analyzing, presenting activities related to the theme of this essay.B. Teaching PointsI. Background informationII. Introduction to the passageIII. Text analysisIV. Rhetorical devicesV. Special difficultiesVI. Style & Type of Writing:VII. Writing Technique:I. Background Information1. Middle Eastern Countries2. Architecture of Gothic StyleII. Style & Type of writing1. Type of literature: -- a piece of objective description2. The purpose of a piece of objective description: ---to record and reproduce a true picture with opinions and emotions of the author excluded3. Ways of developing a piece of objective description: ---to begin with a brief general picture, divide the object into parts and organize the detailed description in order of spaceStructural analysisPart I. (para.1) (Th e Middle Eastern takes you back …)General atmosphere: ancient & primitive/ harmonious/ lively, active, vigorous, & healthyPart II. (paras 2 - 4) (Then as you … at intervals.)The cloth market: muted/ sepulchral/ Bargaining is the order of the day.Part III: (paras. 5 –7) (One of the most picturesque… lie beside them.)The coppersmith market and other markets: sound and light/ smell/ varied characters/ harmonious Part IV: (paras: 8-9) (Perhaps the most unforgettable…)The mill where linseed oil is extracted: the description of the mill/ Words describing soundIII. Text Analysis (Effective Writing Skills)1. making effective use of specific verbs2. using adjectives accurately3. using five human senses---vivid description of hearing, smelling, seeing, tasting and touching4. using rhetorical devices properlyIV. Rhetorical DevicesV. Special Difficulties1. The comprehension and appreciation of the words describing sound, colour, light, heat, size and smell. (identifying figures of speech)2. The appreciation of the words and expressions used for stress and exaggeration. (translating some paragraphs)3. Some useful expressions such as to make a point of, it is a point of hono ur…, and etc. (paraphrasing some sentences) VI. Writing Technique:1. from Macro to Micro2. words appealing to senses: light & heat, sound & movement, and smell & colour and taste.3. nouns, adjectives and even adverbs used as verbs: thread, round, narrow, price, live, tower and dwarf.4. words imitating sounds: onomatopoeia5. stressful and impressive sentence structures:I . Background information1. What occurs to you when the term Middle East is mentioned?veiled women/ men in robes or turbans/ copper vessels/ carpets (rug, tapestry)/ spices/ Muslins/ The mosque/ The Koran/ Allah/ Desert/ Camels/ Caravansary/ Trade caravan/ Silk Road/ mirage/ Petroleum/ desert, sandstorm, sand dust/ Gulf wars/ Jerusalem (Holy City)…/2. Middle East：A. The area around the eastern Mediterranean; from Turkey to North Africa and eastward to IranB. It is the site of such ancient civilizations as Phoenicia, Babylon, EgyptC. It is the birthplace of Judaism, Christianity and IslamRefer to Note 23. bazaar:an oriental muslin market-place where a variety of goods is sold. The bazaar played an important role in the society, which demonstrated that the handicraft economy was prosperous. People relied on that kind of economy in their daily life. It is a significant contrast to our modern society.eastern: oriental东⽅---- ant. Occidental西⽅4. Gothic: of a style of building in Europe between the 12th and 16th cs., with pointed arches, arched roofs, tall thin pillars, and stained glass windows-- Gothic architecture哥特式建筑-- Gothic novel: characterized by an atmosphere of mystery and horror and having pseudo-medieval setting哥特式⼩说.-- The first written by Mary Shelley in the 18th c.-- Frankenstein弗兰肯斯坦II．Text Analysis (Language points and examples)1. Singular us e of EYE and EAR indicates one’s power of sight and hearing/ having a due sense of/ be a good judge of. 3) The big poster caught my eye. 4) The view was pleasing to the eye.5) Keep an eye on that man. 6) Turn a blind eye/ a deaf ear to sth/sb.7) She has an ear for music (sensitive).blind in one eye ＝lose an eye / compound eyes/ the naked eye2. extend:1) Cause to cover a wider area; make larger.e.g. The car part has been extended.2) Cause to last longer.e.g. We have been to the embassy to have our visas extended.3) Hold out toward sb.e.g. I nod and extend my hand.-- Extended family: a family which extends beyond the nuclear family, including grandparents, uncles, ants, and other relatives, who all live nearby or in one household.-- Extend: to extend one’s business/ to extend a railway/ to extend a school building/ to extend one’s power and influence into/ to extend one’s visit for a few days more/ to extend sympathy to/ to extend a warm welcome to/ to extend help to the poor/ an extended meandering river/ one’s extended residence in 3. shadowy: full of shadows1) They took a stroll along a long, shadowy, cobbled path, hand in hand.* of uncertain identity or nature2) A shadowy figure appeared through the mist.Shadow: used figuratively3) The shadow of war fell across Europe.4) Only one shadow lay over Sally's life.5) He lived in the shadow of his father.4. glare: strong, fierce, unpleasant light1) The red glare over the burning city could be seen a 100 miles away.2) One can’t keep any privacy in the full glare of publicity.3) The tropic sun glared down on us all the day.*stare angrily or fiercely at:They stood glaring at each other.5. thread one’s way: move carefully or skillfully in and out of obstacles1) She threaded her way through the tables.Make/ penetrate/ elbow/ kick/ wangle/ squeeze/ cut/ eel/ push/ head/ slash/ fight/ feel/ labor/ kneel/ kill 6. throng: a great many people assembled together (cf. crowd)1) There are always throngs of people on Tien An Men Square.2) The department store was thronged with people.3) People thronged to see the new play.(Throng differs from “crowd in that it carries a stronger implication of movement and of pushing and a weaker implication of density.)7. clear away: to remove from (as a space) all that occupies or encumbers, or that impedes or restricts use, passage or action8. conceivable: that can be conceived, imagined, thought of1) people of every conceivable: age, appearance, nationality, occupation, background, temperament; religion, taste, blood type2) buildings of every conceivable: shape, style, building material, height, size, color3) books of every conceivable: theme, style, level, size, color, price, …gardens of every conceivable ...4)（conceive / deceive / perceive / receive）9. penetrate: to enter or force a way into; to pierce.e.g.A smell of burnt branches and leaves penetrated the courtyard.院⼦⾥弥漫着⼀股树枝和树叶烧焦的⽓味。
高级英语第一册unit1
IV. Detailed Analysis of the Text
Para.1
1. Bazaar: ( in oriental countries) a market-place or street of shops and stalls, the goods were displayed on the sides of the streets. The bazaar was built possibly centuries ago, the architecture was ancient. 2. Gothic- arched gateway格特式拱门 • A style of building in Western Europe between 12th and 16th centuries. It is with pointed arches, arched roofs, tall thin pillars and stained glass windows. • aged: very old, having existed long • The architecture was built hundreds even thousands of years ago, so it is aged.
Cultural Landscapes are old….
Like the many walled cities around the Arab World…
…and new
Like the oil rigs around the Middle East
A notable cultural landmark:
(Exercise 1 on page 6)
1. What is a bazaar? Can you name some of the Middle Eastern countries in which such bazaars are likely to be found? 2. Name all the markets in the bazaar. What kind of economy do you think they represent? Give facts to support your view. 3. What scene do you find most picturesque in the bazaar? Why? 4. Could a blind man know which part of the bazaar he was in? 5. Why is the cloth-market-muted?
高级英语第一册lesson14课
Phrases that begin with a preposition and describe a relationship between the subject and another part of the sentence. For example, "The book (subject) is on the shelf (prepositional phrase)."
The adjective benevolent is often used to describe actions or people that are kind or compassionate, such as benevolent acts or benevolent individuals.
要点二
Evaluation of arguments
Readers are challenged to evaluate the validity of the arguments presented in the text, considering different perspectives and possible counterarguments.
The text also considers the current social and cultural context, discussing how technology fits into modern society and its role in different fields such as education, entertainment, and work.
Changes in sentence structure
高级英语第一册（修订本）第课LessonTheLoons原文与翻译
高级英语第一册（修订本）第课LessonTheLoons原文与翻译The LoonsMargarel Laurence1、Just below Manawaka, where the Wachakwa River ran brown and noisy over the pebbles , the scrub oak and grey-green willow and chokecherry bushes grew in a dense thicket 、In a clearing at the centre of the thicket stood the Tonnerre family's shack、The basis at this dwelling was a small square cabin made of poplar poles and chinked with mud, which had been built by Jules Tonnerre some fifty years before, when he came back from Batoche with a bullet in his thigh, the year that Riel was hung and the voices of the Metis entered their long silence、Jules had only intended to stay the winter in the Wachakwa Valley, but the family was still there in the thirties, when I was a child、As the T onnerres had increased, their settlement had been added to, until the clearing at the foot of the town hill was a chaos of lean-tos, wooden packing cases, warped lumber, discarded car types, ramshackle chicken coops , tangled strands of barbed wire and rusty tin cans、2、The Tonnerres were French half breeds, and among themselves they spoke a patois that was neither Cree nor French、Their English was broken and full of obscenities、They did not belong among the Cree of the Galloping Mountain reservation, further north, and they did not belong among the Scots-Irish and Ukrainians of Manawaka, either、They were, as my Grandmother MacLeod would have put it, neither flesh, fowl, nor good salt herring 、When their men were not working at odd jobs or as section hands onthe C、P、R、they lived on relief、In the summers, one of the Tonnerre youngsters, with a face that seemed totally unfamiliar with laughter, would knock at the doors of the town's brick houses and offer for sale a lard -pail full of bruised wild strawberries, and if he got as much as a quarter he would grab the coin and run before the customer had time to change her mind、Sometimes old Jules, or his son Lazarus, would get mixed up in a Saturday-night brawl , and would hit out at whoever was nearest or howl drunkenly among the offended shoppers on Main Street, and then the Mountie would put them for the night in the barred cell underneath the Court House, and the next morning they would be quiet again、3、Piquette T onnerre, the daughter of Lazarus, was in my class at school、She was older than I, but she had failed several grades, perhaps because her attendance had always been sporadic and her interest in schoolwork negligible 、Part of the reason she had missed a lot of school was that she had had tuberculosis of the bone, and had once spent many months in hospital、I knew this because my father was the doctor who had looked after her、Her sickness was almost the only thing I knew about her, however、Otherwise, she existed for me only as a vaguely embarrassing presence, with her hoarse voice and her clumsy limping walk and her grimy cotton dresses that were always miles too long、I was neither friendly nor unfriendly towards her、She dwelt and moved somewhere within my scope of vision, but I did not actually notice her very much until that peculiar summer when I was eleven、4、"I don't know what to do about that kid、" my father said at dinner one evening、"Piquette Tonnerre, I mean、The damn bone's flared up again、I've had her in hospital for quite a whilenow, and it's under control all right, but I hate like the dickens to send her home again、"5、"Couldn't you explain to her mother that she has to resta lot?" my mother said、6、"The mother's not there" my father replied、"She took offa few years back、Can't say I blame her、Piquette cooks for them, and she says Lazarus would never do anything for himself as long as she's there、Anyway, I don't think she'd take much care of herself, once she got back、She's only thirteen, after all、Beth, I was thinking—What about taking her up to Diamond Lake with us this summer? A couple of months rest would give that bone a much better chance、"7、My mother looked stunned、8、"But Ewen -- what about Roddie and Vanessa?"9、"She's not contagious ," my father said、"And it would be pany for Vanessa、"10、"Oh dear," my mother said in distress, "I'll bet anything she has nits in her hair、"11、"For Pete's sake," my father said crossly, "do you think Matron would let her stay in the hospital for all this time like that? Don't be silly, Beth、"12、Grandmother MacLeod, her delicately featured face as rigid as a cameo , now brought her mauve -veined hands together as though she were about to begin prayer、13、"Ewen, if that half breed youngster es along to Diamond Lake, I'm not going," she announced、"I'll go to Morag's for the summer、"14、I had trouble in stifling my urge to laugh, for my mother brightened visibly and quickly tried to hide it、If it came to a choice between Grandmother MacLeod and Piquette, Piquettewould win hands down, nits or not、15、"It might be quite nice for you, at that," she mused、"You haven't seen Morag for over a year, and you might enjoy being in the city for a while、Well, Ewen dear, you do what you think best、If you think it would do Piquette some good, then we' II be glad to have her, as long as she behaves herself、"16、So it happened that several weeks later, when we all piled into my father's old Nash, surrounded by suitcases and boxes of provisions and toys for my ten-month-old brother, Piquette was with us and Grandmother MacLeod, miraculously, was not、My father would only be staying at the cottage for a couple of weeks, for he had to get back to his practice, but the rest of us would stay at Diamond Lake until the end of August、17、Our cottage was not named, as many were, "Dew Drop Inn" or "Bide-a-Wee," or "Bonnie Doon”、The sign on the roadway bore in austere letters only our name, MacLeod、It was not a large cottage, but it was on the lakefront、You could look out the windows and see, through the filigree of the spruce trees, the water glistening greenly as the sun caught it、All around the cottage were ferns, and sharp-branched raspberrybushes, and moss that had grown over fallen tree trunks, If you looked carefully among the weeds and grass, you could find wild strawberry plants which were in white flower now and in another month would bear fruit, the fragrant globes hanging like miniaturescarlet lanterns on the thin hairy stems、The two grey squirrels were still there, gossiping at us from the tall spruce beside the cottage, and by the end of the summer they would again be tame enough to take pieces of crust from my hands、The broad mooseantlers that hung above the back door were a little more bleached and fissured after the winter, but otherwiseeverything was the same、I raced joyfully around my kingdom, greeting all the places I had not seen for a year、My brother, Roderick, who had not been born when we were here last summer, sat on the car rug in the sunshine and examined a brown spruce cone, meticulously turning it round and round in his small and curious hands、My mother and father toted the luggage from car to cottage, exclaiming over how well the place had wintered, no broken windows, thank goodness, no apparent damage from storm felled branches or snow、18、Only after I had finished looking around did I notice Piquette、She was sitting on the swing her lame leg held stiffly out, and her other foot scuffing the ground as she swung slowly back and forth、Her long hair hung black and straight around her shoulders, and her broad coarse-featured face bore no expression -- it was blank, as though she no longer dwelt within her own skull, as though she had gone elsewhere、I approached her very hesitantly、19、"Want to e and play?"20、Piquette looked at me with a sudden flash of scorn、21、"I ain't a kid," she said、22、Wounded, I stamped angrily away, swearing I would not speak to her for the rest of the summer、In the days that followed, however, Piquette began to interest me, and l began to want to interest her、My reasons did not appear bizarre to me、Unlikely as it may seem, I had only just realised that the T onnerre family, whom I had always heard Called half breeds, were actually Indians, or as near as made no difference、My acquaintance with Indians was not expensive、I did not remember ever having seen a real Indian, and my new awareness that Piquette sprang from the people of Big Bear and Poundmaker, of Tecumseh, of theIroquois who had eaten Father Brébeuf's heart--all this gave her an instant attraction in my eyes、I was devoted reader of Pauline Johnson at this age, and sometimes would orate aloud and in an exalted voice, WestWind, blow from your prairie nest, Blow from the mountains, blow from the west--and so on、It seemed to me that Piquette must be in some way a daughter of the forest, a kind of junior prophetess of the wilds, who might impart to me, if I took the right approach, some of the secrets which she undoubtedly knew --where the whippoorwill made her nest, how the coyote reared her young, or whatever it was that it said in Hiawatha、23、I set about gaining Piquette's trust、She was not allowed to go swimming, with her bad leg, but I managed to lure her down to the beach-- or rather, she came because there was nothing else to do、The water was always icy, for the lake was fed by springs, but I swam like a dog, thrashing my arms and legs around at such speed and with such an output of energy that I never grew cold、Finally, when I had enough, I came out and sat beside Piquette on the sand、When she saw me approaching, her hands squashed flat the sand castle she had been building, and she looked at me sullenly, without speaking、24、"Do you like this place?" I asked, after a while, intending to lead on from there into the question of forest lore 、25、Piquette shrugged、"It's okay、Good as anywhere、"26、"I love it, "1 said、"We e here every summer、"27、"So what?" Her voice was distant, and I glanced at her uncertainly, wondering what I could have said wrong、28、"Do you want to e for a walk?" I asked her、"We wouldn't need to go far、If you walk just around the point there, you e to a bay where great big reeds grow in the water, and allkinds of fish hang around there、Want to? e on、"29、She shook her head、30、"Your dad said I ain't supposed to do no more walking than I got to、"I tried another line、31、"I bet you know a lot about the woods and all that, eh?"I began respectfully、32、Piquette looked at me from her large dark unsmiling eyes、33、"I don't know what in hell you're talkin' about," she replied、"You nuts or somethin'? If you mean where my old man, and me, and all them live, you better shut up, by Jesus, you hear?"34、I was startled and my feelings were hurt, but I had a kind of dogged perseverance、I ignored her rebuff、35、"You know something, Piquette? There's loons here, on this lake、You can see their nests just up the shore there, behind those logs、At night, you can hear them even from the cottage, but it's better to listen from the beach、My dad says we should listen and try to remember how they sound, because in a few years when more cottages are built at Diamond Lake and more people e in, the loons will go away、"36、Piquette was picking up stones and snail shells and then dropping them again、37、"Who gives a good goddamn?" she said、38、It became increasingly obvious that, as an Indian, Piquette was a dead loss、That evening I went out by myself, scrambling through the bushes that overhung the steep path, my feet slipping on the fallen spruce needles that covered the ground、When I reached the shore, I walked along the firm damp sand to the small pier that my father had built, and sat downthere、I heard someone else crashing through the undergrowth and the bracken, and for a moment I thought Piquette had changed her mind, but it turned out to be my father、He sat beside me on the pier and we waited, without speaking、38、At night the lake was like black glass with a streak of amber which was the path of the moon、All around, the spruce trees grew tall and close-set, branches blackly sharp against the sky, which was lightened by a cold flickering of stars、Then the loons began their calling、They rose like phantom birds from the nests on the shore, and flew out onto the dark still surface of the water、40、No one can ever describe that ululating sound, the crying of the loons, and no one who has heard it can ever forget it、Plaintive , and yet with a qualityof chilling mockery , those voices belonged to a world separated by aeon from our neat world of summer cottages and the lighted lamps of home、41、"They must have sounded just like that," my father remarked, "before any person ever set foot here、" Then he laughed、"You could say the same, of course, about sparrows or chipmunk, but somehow it only strikes you that way with the loons、"42、"I know," I said、43、Neither of us suspected that this would be the last time we would ever sit here together on the shore, listening、We stayed for perhaps half an hour, and then we went back to the cottage、My mother was reading beside the fireplace、Piquette was looking at the burning birch log, and not doing anything、44、"You should have e along," I said, although in fact I was glad she had not、45、"Not me", Piquette said、"You wouldn’ catch me walkin' way down there jus' for a bunch of squawkin' birds、"46、Piquette and I remained ill at ease with one another、felt I had somehow failed my father, but I did not know what was the matter, nor why she Would not or could not respond when I suggested exploring the woods or Playing house、I thought it was probably her slow and difficult walking that held her back、She stayed most of the time in the cottage with my mother, helping her with the dishes or with Roddie, but hardly ever talking、Then the Duncans arrived at their cottage, and I spent my days with Mavis, who was my best friend、I could not reach Piquette at all, and I soon lost interest in trying、But all that summer she remained as both a reproach and a mystery to me、47、That winter my father died of pneumonia, after less thana week's illness、For some time I saw nothing around me, being pletely immersed in my own pain and my mother's、When I looked outward once more, I scarcely noticed that Piquette Tonnerre was no longer at school、I do not remember seeing her at all until four years later, one Saturday night when Mavis and I were having Cokes in the Regal Café、The jukebox was booming like tuneful thunder, and beside it, leaning lightly on its chrome and its rainbow glass, wasa girl、48、Piquette must have been seventeen then, although she looked about twenty、I stared at her, astounded that anyone could have changed so much、Her face, so stolidand expressionless before, was animated now with a gaiety that was almost violent、She laughed and talked very loudly with the boys around her、Her lipstick was bright carmine, and her hair was cut Short and frizzily permed 、She had not been pretty as a child,and she was not pretty now, for her features were still heavy and blunt、But her dark and slightlyslanted eyes were beautiful, and her skin-tight skirt and orange sweater displayed to enviable advantage a soft and slender body、49、She saw me, and walked over、She teetered a little, but it was not due to her once-tubercular leg, for her limp was almost gone、50、"Hi, Vanessa," Her voice still had the same hoarseness 、"Long time no see, eh?"51、"Hi," I said "Where've you been keeping yourself, Piquette?"52、"Oh, I been around," she said、"I been away almost two years now、Been all over the place--Winnipeg, Regina, Saskatoon、Jesus, what I could tell you! I e back this summer, butI ain't stayin'、You kids go in to the dance?"53、"No," I said abruptly, for this was a sore point with me、I was fifteen, and thought I was old enough to go to the Saturday-night dances at the Flamingo、My mother, however, thought otherwise、54、"Y'oughta e," Piquette said、"I never miss one、It's just about the on'y thing in this jerkwater55、town that's any fun、Boy, you couldn' catch me stayin' here、I don' givea shit about this place、It stinks、"56、She sat down beside me, and I caught the harsh over-sweetness of her perfume、57、"Listen, you wanna know something, Vanessa?" she confided , her voice only slightly blurred、"Your dad was the only person in Manawaka that ever done anything good to me、"58、I nodded speechlessly、I was certain she was speaking the truth、I knew a little more than I had that summer at Diamond Lake, but I could not reach her now any more than I had then, I was ashamed, ashamed of my own timidity, the frightened tendency to look the other way、Yet I felt no real warmth towards her-- I only felt that I ought to, because of that distant summer and because my father had hoped she would be pany for me, or perhaps that I would be for her, but it had not happened that way、At this moment, meeting her again, I had to admit that she repelled and embarrassed me, and I could not help despising the self-pity in her voice、I wished she would go away、I did not want to see her did not know what to say to her、It seemed that we had nothing to say to one another、59、"I'll tell you something else," Piquette went on、"All the old bitches an' biddies in this town will sure be surprised、I'm gettin' married this fall -- my boy friend, he's an English fella, works in the stockyards in the city there, a very tall guy, got blond wavy hair、Gee, is he ever handsome、Got this real Hiroshima name、Alvin Gerald Cummings--some handle, eh? They call him Al、"60、For the merest instant, then I saw her、I really did see her, for the first and only time in all the years we had both lived in the same town、Her defiant face, momentarily, became unguarded and unmasked, and in her eyes there was a terrifying hope、61、"Gee, Piquette --" I burst out awkwardly, "that's swell、That's really wonderful、Congratulations—good luck--I hope you'll be happy--"62、As l mouthed the conventional phrases, I could only guess how great her need must have been, that she had beenforced to seek the very things she so bitterly rejected、63、When I was eighteen, I left Manawaka and went away to college、At the end of my first year, I came back home for the summer、I spent the first few days in talking non-stop with my mother, as we exchanged all the news that somehow had not found its way into letters-- what had happened in my life and what had happened here in Manawaka while I was away、My mother searched her memory for events that concerned peopleI knew、64、"Did I ever write you about Piquette Tonnerre, Vanessa?" she asked one morning、65、"No, I don't think so," I replied、"Last I heard of her, she was going to marry some guy in the city、Is she still there?"66、My mother looked Hiroshima , and it was a moment before she spoke, as though she did not know how to express what she had to tell and wished she did not need to try、67、"She's dead," she said at last、Then, as I stared at her, "Oh, Vanessa, when it happened, I couldn't help thinking of her as she was that summer--so sullen and gauche and badly dressed、I couldn't help wondering if we could have done something more at that time--but what could we do? She used to be around in the cottage there with me all day, and honestly it was all I could do to get a word out of her、She didn't even talk to your father very much, althoughI think she liked him in her way、"68、"What happened?" I asked、69、"Either her husband left her, or she left him," my mother said、"I don't know which、Anyway, she came back here with two youngsters, both only babies--they must have been born very close together、She kept house, I guess, for Lazarus and herbrothers, down in the valley there, in the old T onnerre place、I used to see her on the street sometimes, but she never spoke to me、She'd put on an awful lot of weight, and she looked a mess, to tell you the truth, a real slattern , dressed any old how、She was up in court a couple of times--drunk and disorderly, of course、One Saturday night last winter, during the coldest weather, Piquette was alone in the shack with the children、The Tonnerres made home brew all the time, so I've heard, and Lazarus saidlater she'd been drinking most of the day when he and the boys went out that evening、They had an old woodstove there--you know the kind, with exposed pipes、The shack caught fire、Piquette didn't get out, and neither did the children、"70、I did not say anything、As so often with Piquette, there did not seem to be anything to say、There was a kind of silence around the image in my mind of the fire and the snow, and I wished I could put from my memory the look thatI had seen once in Piquette's eyes、71、I went up to Diamond Lake for a few days that summer, with Mavis and her family、The MacLeod cottage had been sold after my father's death, and I did not even go to look at it, not wanting to witness my long-ago kingdom possessed now by strangers、But one evening I went clown to the shore by myself、72、The small pier which my father had built was gone, and in its place there was a large and solid pier built by the government, for Galloping Mountain was now a national park, and Diamond Lake had been re-named Lake , for it was felt that an Indian name would have a greater appeal to tourists、The one store had bee several dozen, and the settlement had all the attributes of a flourishing resort--hotels, a dance-hall, cafes withneon signs, the penetrating odoursof potato chips and hot dogs、73、I sat on the government pier and looked out across the water、At night the lake at least was the same as it had always been, darkly shining and bearing within its black glass the streak of amber that was the path of the moon、There was no wind that evening, and everything was quiet all around me、It seemed too quiet, and then I realized that the loons were no longer here、I listened for some time, to make sure, but never once did I hear that long-drawn call, half mocking and half plaintive, spearing through the stillness across the lake、74、I did not know what had happened to the birds、Perhaps they had gone away to some far place of belonging、Perhaps they had been unable to find such a place, and had simply died out, having ceased to care any longer whether they lived or not、75、I remembered how Piquette had scorned to e along, when my father andI sat there and listened to the lake birds、It seemed to me now that in some unconscious and totally unrecognized way, Piquette might have been the only one, after all, who had heard the crying of the loons、第十二课潜水鸟玛格丽特劳伦斯马纳瓦卡山下有一条小河,叫瓦恰科瓦河,浑浊得河水沿着布满鹅卵石得河床哗哗地流淌着,河边谷地上长着无数得矮橡树、灰绿色柳树与野樱桃树,形成一片茂密得丛林。
高级英语第一册课文翻译及习题(1,2,4,5,6)
高级英语第一册课文翻译及词汇第一课中东的集市中东的集市仿佛把你带回到了几百年、甚至几千年前的时代。
此时此刻显现在我脑海中的这个中东集市，其入口处是一座古老的砖石结构的哥特式拱门。
你首先要穿过一个赤日耀眼、灼热逼人的大型露天广场，然后走进一个凉爽、幽暗的洞穴。
这市场一直向前延伸，一眼望不到尽头，消失在远处的阴影里。
赶集的人们络绎不绝地进出市场，一些挂着铃铛的小毛驴穿行于这熙熙攘攘的人群中，边走边发出和谐悦耳的叮当叮当的响声。
市场的路面约有十二英尺宽，但每隔几码远就会因为设在路边的小货摊的挤占而变窄；那儿出售的货物各种各样，应有尽有。
你一走进市场，就可以听到摊贩们的叫卖声，赶毛驴的小伙计和脚夫们大着嗓门叫人让道的吆喝声，还有那些想买东西的人们与摊主讨价还价的争吵声。
各种各样的噪声此伏彼起，不绝于耳，简直叫人头晕。
随后，当往市场深处走去时，人口处的喧闹声渐渐消失，眼前便是清静的布市了。
这里的泥土地面，被无数双脚板踩踏得硬邦邦的，人走在上面几乎听不到脚步声了，而拱形的泥砖屋顶和墙壁也难得产生什么回音效果。
布店的店主们一个个都是轻声轻气、慢条斯理的样子；买布的顾客们在这种沉闷压抑的气氛感染下，自然而然地也学着店主们的榜样，变得低声细语起来。
中东集市的特点之一是经销同类商品的店家，为避免相互间的竞争，不是分散在集市各处，而是都集中在一块儿，这样既便于让买主知道上哪儿找他们，同时他们自己也可以紧密地联合起来，结成同盟，以便保护自己不受欺侮和刁难。
例如，在布市上，所有那1些卖衣料、窗帘布、椅套布等的商贩都把货摊一个接一个地排设在马路两边，每一个店铺门面前都摆有一张陈列商品的搁板桌和一些存放货物的货架。
讨价还价是人们习以为常的事。
头戴面纱的妇女们迈着悠闲的步子从一个店铺逛到另一个店铺，一边挑选一边问价；在她们缩小选择范围并开始正儿八经杀价之前，往往总要先同店主谈论几句，探探价底。
对于顾客来说，至关重要的一点是，不到最后一刻是不能让店主猜到她心里究竟中意哪样东西、想买哪样东西的。
高级英语第一册Blackmail
a reflection of America’s capitalist society
《大饭店》是阿瑟. 黑利1965年的作品。 它描写美国南部新奥尔良一家豪华的大饭 店，由于老板沃伦. 特伦特因循守旧，管理 不善，跟不上时代的发展，结果负债累累， 而被迫出售的故事。通过对这家饭店的描 述，反映了美国资本主义社会形形色色的 弊端和痼疾：旅馆巨擎弱肉强食，侦探人 员敲诈勒索，饭店职工贪污盗窃，黑人遭 到种族歧视，上层贵族卑鄙无耻，纨绔子 弟腐化堕落，富商少女精神空虚……这所 有的一切，可以说是腐朽的美国资本主义 社会的一个缩影。
Textual analysis
Read the text and try to find out each corresponding element in the text
（3）用人物的语言塑造艺术形象
1、通过充分个性化的语言，刻画人物性格，揭示人物关系。 2、通过富有动作性的语言，揭示人物的外部形态和内心活动。 3、通过富有潜台词的语言，揭示人物活动的目的和实质，反映丰富深刻 的生活内容。
3. 戏剧文学阅读与欣赏的要点：
（1）分析戏剧冲突 （2）分析剧本的场景设置 （3）分析剧本的情节安排 （4）分析戏剧文学的语言 戏戏戏剧剧剧冲 作的文突者情学是要节不戏在安同剧两排于文三，其学个常他表小常文现 时是 学人 之偶 样物 内然 式性 和性 的格 几与 根和 个必 本人 有然 特物 限性 点相 的的 在互 场结 于间 景合 通关 里， 过系 面情 剧的 表节中主现曲人要剧折物手中、的段人生语和物动言途几，来径年。、 每几构塑一十思造个年十艺主的分术要人巧形角生妙象色遭，的遇出揭性或乎示格命人特运的 物点 ，意 的、 其料 性角关， 格色键又 ，与在合 表角于乎 现色场事 矛间景情 盾的的的相设情 冲互置理 突关与。 ，系选分展都择析现会上剧作在面本品戏。的剧场情思冲景节想突设 中置安和充与排主分选，题而择可。清得以其晰好培语地，养言表承和个现载提性出量高化来就我 十。 大们 分分 ，构 突析 包思 出戏 含故 ，剧 的事 表冲 内的 现突 容能 力， 就力 极可 多。 强以 ，，极 思多准 想读确表、地现多把力分握就析人强戏物。剧的分语性析 格剧言本、，的弄是场清提景剧高设中我置人们，物语借相言鉴互运其间用裁的能取关力生系的活，一横借个断鉴十面其分、塑重浓造要缩人而人物有物形效与象的矛和途盾处径冲理。突人的物方关法系， 的可方以法培和养技我巧们，选培材养和自剪己材谋 的篇 能与 力写 。人的能力。
高级英语第三版第一册
高级英语第三版第一册介绍《高级英语第三版第一册》是一本用于英语学习者提高他们的英语水平的教材。
该教材旨在帮助学生掌握高级英语语法、词汇和商务交际技巧，以便能够在各种场合流利地进行英语交流。
本文档将介绍《高级英语第三版第一册》的主要内容和学习目标，并提供一些学习建议和使用技巧，以便读者能够更好地利用这本教材来提高他们的英语能力。
内容概述《高级英语第三版第一册》共包含八个单元，每个单元都涵盖了不同的主题和相关的语法和词汇知识。
以下是各个单元的概述：1.Unit 1: Introduction to Advanced English: 本单元主要介绍了该教材的学习目标和使用方法，并向学生介绍了一些高级英语语法和词汇。
2.Unit 2: Business Communication: 本单元主要关注商务交际技巧，包括商务信函写作、商务会议和演讲技巧等。
3.Unit 3: Advanced Grammar: 本单元涵盖了高级语法知识，包括从复合句到复杂句的转换、时态的灵活运用等。
4.Unit 4: Vocabulary Expansion: 本单元旨在扩展学生的词汇量，通过学习一些常用的高级词汇和短语来提高写作和口语表达能力。
5.Unit 5: Reading and Comprehension: 本单元通过阅读和理解各种文章和材料来提高学生的阅读理解能力，并提供相关的练习和技巧。
6.Unit 6: Writing Skills: 本单元涵盖了高级写作技巧，包括段落组织、逻辑推理和论证技巧等。
7.Unit 7: Listening and Speaking: 本单元通过听力和口语练习来提高学生的听力和口语表达能力，并提供相关的练习和技巧。
8.Unit 8: Revision and Practice: 本单元为学生提供复习和实践的机会，通过各种练习和任务来加强他们对前面单元内容的理解和运用能力。
学习目标《高级英语第三版第一册》的学习目标主要包括：1.掌握高级英语语法的使用，包括复杂句结构、时态的灵活运用等。
高英第一册
Lesson One A Trip for Mrs. TaylorKey to ExercisesExercises:I.Paraphrasing (p.21)1. Mrs Taylor felt that the expectation and the preparation for a journey bring aboutjoy and excitement; they are only second to the actual beginning of the journey in importance.2. All the travellers were busy making preparations and getting to their destinations,they were all eager and a bit impatient, this general feeling makes them sympathetic and friendly to one another .3. The trainman said: “ Granny, you have too many things to carry.” He picked upthe boy and put him in the passage between the two cars/carriages.4. Mrs Taylor was glad that she had been able to be in a front position of the queueat the gates.( So she found herself a seat in the carriage.)5. … Her curiosity was so great that she couldn‟t help asking the question thoughshe knew it was not polite to do so.II. Translate the following sentences into English (p.26):1. I have no conception of / can‟t imagine what makes him think of going tograduate school at his age.2. He started from home at six o‟clock, an hour ahead of / earlier than his usual timefor work.3. I sensed that Jimmy was impatient / eager to tell me about his interview, and hesaid with a smile on his face: “ When I went before the table, the manager raise d his head, looked up and down at me /took stock of me / sized me up, asked me several questions and said O K.”4. The general was actually put under house arrest / cooped up in his home. Hedevoted himself wholly to the Chinese painting and calligraphy and found peace and solace in them.5. The train from Beijing to Shanghai starts at 17:25, so I had to take a taxi to getthere. Soon / Shortly after I boarded the train and found my berth, the train started.6. Like Mrs. Taylor, Mrs. Green lives a lonely life on the skimpy / meager old-agepension. Day after day she is cooped up in a small gloomy room, and she longs for someone to keep her company / be with her.7. That woman scientist said: … I can do without jewellery, even without a car, but Icannot do without labor atories and books.‟8. The hustle and bustle of preparations, the automobile ride, and the picnic itselffilled the children with excitement and thrill. / All the time the children were filled with joy and excitement during the hustle and bustle of the preparations, the automobile ride and the picnic itself.9. The boat sailing forward, the girls were enthralled / enchanted / fascinated with /captivated by the beautiful scenery around.10. S urprised / Astonished to find Stephen in the corridor, Ann asked herself: “ Whatis he doing here at this time of night?”11. F or some time/ At first sight / For a while, I didn‟t recognize her; she was nolonger the lively / vivacious girl I had (once) been familiar with / I used to know./ (But rather, /Instead,) She looked like a model, wearing a new green velvet dress and a pair of green leather shoes, with her hair done in a bun on the top of her head.12. T his is the first time in forty years he has come back to the countryside of hishometown, and he came back with all the nostalgic memories about it.13. T hat night she tossed and turned in bed, many things flashing through / passingher mind.14. I t is a burdensome thing to prepare a bountiful / hearty meal for twelve people.15. T he twin sisters look so much alike that people often mistake / take one for theother.16. W hen the granny came back home, she found the door open, and things taken outof the dressing-table. She examined the drawers to see if anything was missing.To her disappointment, she found (out) several pieces of jewellery gone / missing / lost, including a pearl necklace, a pair of gold chain bangles / bracelets and three ouches / brooches (set) with gems.17. I was going to take a No.21 trolley-bus. When I saw a trolley-bus coming, I ran tothe stop and boarded it. It was too late when I found out that I got on the wrong bus. I took a No.15 trolley-bus for a No.21 one. The conductor told me that I could change ( a bus) at the next stop.18. T he friend she missed most is Xiao Li, a shy girl. Xiao Li never turned her downfor anything / refused her anything she asked for.Lesson Two Disney’s WorldsVerbal Practice1I Paraphrasing (page 53 ):1. … using his insurance policy as security （抵押品）2. And even Roy was affected by the optimistic feeling, which was pervasive in thestudio.3. … as “a terrible day, a catastrophic day”. It means that too many people went tothe park on its first opening day, and the recreational facilities broke down and the restaurants and stands ran out of food.4. Adventureland offers a hunting expedition on an African river which was full ofman-made, animated hippos and crocodiles operated by machines and electrical devices.5. Visitors are usually impressed by the extreme/ extraordinary/ exceptionalneatness of the place, and there is good reason for their reaction.6. But the remarkable engineering achievements of Disneyland become lessspectacular when compared with those of Disney World in Florida.7. The concept of the new kind of the amusement park may not have been clear atfirst, but the circumstances stimulated Disney to make it concrete.(p43)8. In the construction of Disney World, Disney made use of the latest engineering,architectural and technological achievements that no other city planner had ever before considered seriously, some of the achievements or ideas were completely new to the city planners/ if anyone had ever considered at all.(p44)9. People criticized that Snow White has been made into something common, sweetand pleasant, but lacking in artistic value, and art critic John Canaday has made some harsh criticism, saying that Disney has degraded our best fairy tales and made it banal and mediocre thing.2 B Translate the following sentences into English (p 55 ):1. She opened the window and found a crowd of children in shabby clothesgathering at the gate, their bodies and clothes smeared with filth.2. The boom/resurgence of economic construction is taking shape in our country.3. Bill was very naughty when he was young; however, his mother expected him tobe an imaginative architect.4. They faced the grim realities bravely; they would never yield to difficulties.5. Susan is not very intelligent, but by her painstaking efforts she always comes outin the front positions in the examinations6. They are always ready for any surprise attacks from the enemy.7. Mr Johnson is a man of integrity; his behavior is impeccable/ there is nothingwrong with his behaviour.8. The new eighteen-storey office building we have recently constructed looksimposing.9. They have made great achievements in the realm of diplomacy in recent years.10. Tom is a sophisticated politician. He never makes promises and his replies areoften ambivalent.11. After dinner, he narrated at length the fantastic/exotic customs he had seen inforeign countries.12. At first, I did not understand why he resigned. It then turned out that he had hadhis own plan.13. In those years the villagers were reduced to excessive poverty/ in completedestitution by /because of wars and natural calamities/disasters/catastrophes, and the nearby towns became the place they all wanted to escape to /flock to.14. The enormous investment in the infrastructure is the prerequisite/ precondition ifShanghai is to be built into an international metropolis.15. The students were required to write a composition after the picnic, thus makingthe activity flat and insipid.16. Advice should be given to youngsters as well as adults to remove/get rid ofextravagant habits.Lesson Three: What Is StyleI. Paraphrasing (p.99)1. … she is very good at noticing the vanity, selfishness and vul garity in humanbeings.2. People in interesting situations such as marriage and death always attract theattention of others, and this accords with human nature.3. The next paragraph reveals how people talk in a free, pleasurable way about thematters concerning Miss Hawkins before she arrived.4. Somehow, she was discovered to be an ideal woman who has every merit of bothappearance and thinking. She is not only handsome, elegant, good at music and painting and many other things, she is also very friendly.5. He was very proud of his own achievements and often used his own life as amodel for others to follow.6. Although ready-made phrases come in great numbers in writing, these words onlymake one‟s points and arguments unclear instead of conveying one‟s meaning..C Translate the following sentences into English: (p. 102 )1. What Tom needs at present is not financial aid but counsel./ It is advice that Tomneeds now, not financial aid.2. The two brothers resemble in every aspect except temperament.3. My counsel is that from now on you shall have nothing to do with him / you shallnot associate with him any more.4. He owes everything he has had now to your father Bob / Thanks to your fatherBob, he owns everything he has now. It is no exaggeration to say so.5. Although I completely agree to this proposal, it may meet with disapproval / itdoesn‟t necessarily follow that it will be accepted / it is probable that it will be rejected / be turned down at the meeting.6. His laughter made my hair stand on end/ His laughter sent cold shivers down myspine.7. His essays, full of dry sarcasm, showed a marked contrast to other writers.His essays are full of sharp criticisms / freezing irony and burning satire, / which makes him greatly different from other writers/ which greatly distinguishes him from other writers.8. Roy‟s words about the poor management in his factory revealed his ignorance.9. How come that your arrival anticipated the telegram?Your arrival anticipated the telegram. What is the matter? /How did it happen? 10. As your parents and you have different views on this matter, they will probablydisagree to the plan/ the plan may meet with their disapproval.11. His expenses are incongruous with / not in proportion to his income and thatarouses suspicion on his character .12. Hostility is often not caused by animosity, but by hurt of self-respect.Hostility is caused not so much by dislike as by hurt of self-respect.13. When judges consider /weigh/examine evidence, they should be detached /impartial / matter-of-fact.14. The Chinese anticipated the Europeans in the invention of gun-powder.Lesson Four: A Mild Attack of LocustsI. Paraphrasing ( p.131)1. ….between the telephone calls she stood there watching the locusts.2. Clusters of locusts covered the trees the branches and twigs of the trees becamejagged with clusters of locusts, their brown shiny crusts glistened.3. … the swarms of locusts crawled and clustered on everything, one could not seetrees, buildings, bushes in sight, everywhere one saw locusts.4. You should attack the locusts when they are still young and are confined to smallareas./where they originate. In short, you should try to wipe out locusts when they are still hoppers.Translate the following sentences into English (page. 134):5. When she heard the steps approaching, she got out of the bed, took a book fromthe shelf, pretending to be reading.6. During the two-hour performance, the audience were seated entranced,（注意：此处不能用非延续性动词attract）and when the curtain fell, there broke out a thunder of applause.7. At midnight, the Japanese tourists stood at the main hall of the temple, listeningto the reverberation of the bell / the bell echoing in the valley /folds .8. If you take a walk in Nanjing Road after supper, you will see myriads of dazzlinglights, and their brilliance lit up the whole road as if it were a broad day.9. The next morning, she drew up the curtain and opened the window, only to seethat thick fog had enveloped blotted out the whole scene – the mountains, the lake and everything else were invisible/ had disappeared / had gone / were hidden from sight.10. The firm went bankrupt due to slack / slow / dull business and poor management.11. Prostitution is a big vice / canker (溃疡、弊病)/ curse and should be eliminated atonce.12. The luxuriant trees on the hills constitute a veil / form a film of greenness, and /so / so that she felt relaxed and joyous meandering / roaming / wandering in it. 13. The sofa is often occupied by a fat man, who weighs as much as 120 kilos, andhis regular sitting makes the sofa sink in .14. The manufacturers who do not pay adequate attention to / who neglect / ignorethe quality of their products are bound to fail in the competition.15. Now that / Since you disapproved of the scheme / plan, why did you vote for it?16. He was very busy recently, so his occasional absence from the regular meetingshad (won) ready understanding from his colleagues.17. If you find one cockroach in your house, there must be at least 500, for theymultiply very fast.Lesson FiveProfession for WomenI Paraphrasing. P.1641.The family could still enjoy the harmonious atmosphere when the hostessspent her time on writing.2.When I was writing my reviews, the Angel would come at my desk andmurmured her ideas about the duty, the virtues of a woman, etc., and thushamper my writing.3.… so that I would be able to have an independ ent life , I did not need to relyentirely on my feminine charm to please my husband, to cater for his need inorder to make a living.4.When women writers proceed with their writing they are always consciousof what men would think of their writing ---- the women writers areprevented from writing freely and imaginatively because men‟s extremebackward, conservative, prejudiced ideas about women are always havingstrong influence on them.5.Women‟s aims for free pursuit in professions and the comprehensive equ ality insociety cannot be taken as a simple matter, it needs careful thinking and good retrospection to define them; and this process is a perpetual one.B. Translation. P.169 Translate the following sentences into English: P.1661. More and more foreign businessmen have realized that In China theinvestment risk is low.2. Could I ask you ? How would you deal with such a formidable enemy if youwere in my position?3. Lucy went back home and was shocked to see what had happened. Someonemust have broken the window and crept in, then she thought that under thecircumstances it was the sensible thing to report this to the police. /shethought of the most / only sensible action – report to the police.4. These new inventions will surely bring about enormous proceeds/profits tothe enterprise.5. The shadow / phantom of terrorism looms large in some Western countries.6. The girl judges her own work with extreme severity.7. Most people think that good judgment is her virtue, which you should notforget.8. His brother‟s chief strongpoint is in water colour, not in oil painting.9. Ah, I have made such great efforts to rid the house of the cockroaches, but allthose efforts are of no avail / have come to nothing / are in vain!------ You shouldn‟t be discouraged; try again.10. Fred did not realize that his short hair and new clothes gave away his secret.11. In recent years, some women have distinguished themselves in the politicalarena and the financial circle hitherto exclusively dominated by men, thoughtheir number is small.12. I hope that you will allow for his mood under such circumstances and givehim another chance.13. When many college students find out that the values they have acquired atcollege are incompatible with those of the society, they fall into confusionand distress / torment.14. Mother said: “My child, listen to me and give up gambling. If you proceedwith the gambling, you will be up to your neck in debts and you will becompletely ruined.”15. I shall introduce you to her, however, I shall make it clear in advance that hersocial activities are limited to a small exclusive polite society.16. The book gives an account of the life and experiences of a man who achievedsuccess by his own efforts.17. He is said to have been cheated. To put it bluntly, this man is a big fool.18. Nowadays many college students are much more concerned about their jobprospects after graduation than the students were some years ago.Lesson 7 A Visit to Walt WhitmanI Paraphrasing (p.219)1. …… the visit I would describe later was not carried out in the spirit of a disciple who went toworship him.2. But, on second thoughts I thought I‟d better go to visit Walt Whitman3. , all my reserve of a literary man disappeared completely.4. , in a dreamy state of thrilling /appealing abstract meditation5. his eyes twinkle d, a smile on his face, “You see, my loud voice was heard in India.” Here, here, Whitman was making disparaging remarks about his poems. This shows his sense of humor.C. Translate the following sentences into English: P.2221.His actions / deeds are always inconsistent with his words / His actions never match his words, therefore, nobody likes to take him into their confidence.2.The preface to Longman Modern English Dictionary is written by Rudolf Quirk.3.In his article he paid tribute to/ praised highly the great achievements China has made.4.Justice has been promoted / done / served. The criminal who murdered her father received his due punishment / was brought to justice.5.H e is a famous director; however, he is a man of simplicity both in his dress and in his talk/ he is easy of approach / approachable.6.T he dishes at the restaurant are not good at all / just so-so; the only good thing/ redeeming thing is that the service is good / its good service7.J ack says that he is much drawn to that singer.8.A lthough she is bedridden / confined to bed, she still has / holds an optimistic attitude towards life.9.W e should defy all the difficulties and continue our work / hold on in spite of all the difficulties.10.When he heard the news, the smile on his face faded out of existence / out of being / faded away / disappeared.11.Mary has decided to expand her article into a book.12.The plane full of / filled with / with a full load of passengers and cargo took off on time.13.They are now faced / confronted with unprecedented difficulties; it is our obligation to help them / we should not shirk the responsibility to help them.14.He and Jack were classmates for three years; he took Jack into his confidence and there were no secrets between them / he confided in Jack.Lesson 9 What Life Means to MeI Paraphrasing (p293)1When I was quite young, I asked about the rate of interest on invested money / how much interest one could get from investing /saving money, and managed, through my hard thinking, to understand the benefits of compound interest, which was supposed to be an excellent invention of human beings.2What about / happened because of his carelessness: the big mainsail was burned.3I planned to work hard to become one of them / the capitalists and make money as they did –from the manual labour of other people.4I talked with leaders of industry in many different places – hotels, clubs homes, the luxury Pullman trains, steamship rooms, and was surprised to find they knew had very little knowledge.5In the long history of mankind, the working people are always making progress / ascending, and the people of the fashionable society / the ruling class are always declining.C1He was born in a farmer‟s family and grew up in poverty. / Born into a farmer‟s family, he was brought up in poor / wretched / sordid surroundings.2Don‟t worry. The insurance company will compensate for / recompense / remunerate your losses.3When I was asked why I wanted to go abroad to study, I didn‟t know how to reply. / I was ata loss what to say.4Three people were murdered in cold blood last night. The police are trying to ascertain / find out / discover the truth of this murder.510 years ago, Jack had a meager income / wage of $500 per month.6Tom considers the second-hand car sale a profitable business / a paying proposition/ concern.Sometimes he bought a used car at only $200 but with a turn of the wrist sold it at $400.7Constable / Sergeant Hunter was on leave when he got this urgent task / mission, but he began his work without any delay / hesitation.8After / Upon the death / decease of Mr Johnson, his wife became the nominal / dummy /puppet / and real president of the company /corporation.9His son is delicate / fragile and prone to illness./ His son has fragile health / a weak constitution/ is in poor health / .10The villain /scoundrel / ruffian / evildoer threw away the gun and escaped along the road, two policemen going in hot pursuit.11He followed / took our advic e and acquiesced with / to Bill‟s suggestion.12Mr Brown decided to donate money to the university where he had studied for 4 years to set up a foundation / decided to endow the college he had attended for 4 years with a fund.13Workers lacking adequate training are prone to / likely to produce / turn out inferior products / products of inferior quality.14She didn‟t know how she could find a way to resolve the financial crisis at home.。
高级英语第一册unit9
Mark Twain ---Mirror of AmericaMost Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure. In-deed, this nation's best-loved author was every bit as ad-venturous, patriotic, romantic, and humorous as anyone has ever imagined. I found another Twain as well – one who grew cynical, bitter, saddened by the profound personal tragedies life dealt him, a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race, who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night.Tramp printer, river pilot , Confederate guerrilla, prospector, starry-eyed optimist, acid-tongued cynic: The man who became Mark Twain was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens and he ranged across the nation for more than a third of his life, digesting the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecturer. He adopted his pen name from the cry heard in his steamboat days, signaling two fathoms (12 feet) of water -- a navigable depth. His popularity is attested by the fact that more than a score of his books remain in print, and translations are still read around the world.The geographic core, in Twain's early years, was the great valley of the Mississippi River, main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart. Keelboats ，flatboats , and large rafts carried the first major commerce. Lumber, corn, tobacco, wheat, and furs moved downstream to the delta country; sugar, molasses , cotton, and whiskey traveled north. In the 1850's, before the climax of westward expansion, the vast basin drained three-quarters of the settled United States.Young Mark Twain entered that world in 1857 as a cub pilot on a steamboat. The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied a cosmos . He participated abundantly in this life, listening to pilothouse talk of feuds , piracies, lynchings ,medicine shows, and savage waterside slums. All would resurface in his books, together with the colorful language that he soaked up with a memory that seemed phonographicSteamboat decks teemed not only with the main current of pioneering humanity, but its flotsam of hustlers, gamblers, and thugs as well. From them all Mark Twain gained a keen perception of the human race, of the difference between what people claim to be and what they really are. His four and a half year s in the steamboat trade marked the real beginning of his education, and the most lasting part of it. In later life Twain acknowledged that the river had acquainted him with every possible type of human nature. Those acquaintanceships strengthened all his writing, but he never wrote better than when he wrote of the people a-long the great stream.When railroads began drying up the demand for steam-boat pilots and the Civil War halted commerce, Mark Twain left the river country. He tried soldiering for two weeks with a motleyband of Confederate guerrillas who diligently avoided contact with the enemy. Twain quit after deciding, "... I knew more about retreating than the man that invented retreating. "He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of gold and silver fever in Nevada's Washoe region. For eight months he flirted with the colossal wealth available to the lucky and the persistent, and was rebuffed . Broke and discouraged, he accepted a job as reporter with the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise, to literature's enduring gratitude.From the discouragement of his mining failures, Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist. The instant riches of a mining strike would not be his in the reporting trade, but for making money, his pen would prove mightier than his pickax. In the spring of 1864, less than two years after joining the Territorial Enterprise, he boarded the stagecoach for San Francisco, then and now a hotbed of hopeful young writers.Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles, but he had to leave the city for a while because of some scathing columns he wrote. Attacks on the city government, concerning such issues as mistreatment of Chinese, so angered officials that he fled to the goldfields in the Sacramento Valley. His descriptions of the rough-country settlers there ring familiarly in modern world accustomed to trend setting on the West Coast. "It was a splendid population – for all the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained slothsstayed at home... It was that population that gave to California a name for getting up astounding enterprises and rushing them through with a magnificent dash and daring and a recklessness of cost or consequences, which she bears unto this day – and when she projects a new surprise, the grave world smiles as usual, and says 'Well, that is California all over. '"In the dreary winter of 1864-65 in Angels Camp, he kept a notebook. Scattered among notationsabout the weather and the tedious mining-camp meals lies an entry noting a story he had heard that day – an entry that would determine his course forever: "Coleman with his jumping frog – bet stranger $50 – stranger had no frog, and C. got him one – in the meantime stranger filled C. 's frog full of shot and he couldn't jump. The stranger's frog won." Retold with his descriptive genius, the story was printed in newspapers across the United States and became known as "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County." Mark Twain's national reputation was now well established as "the wild humorist of the Pacific slope."Two year s later the opportunity came for him to take a distinctly American look at the Old World. In New York City the steamship Quaker City prepared to sail on a pleasure cruise to Europe and the Holy Land. For the first time, a sizablegroup of United States citizens planned to journey as tourists -- a milestone , of sorts, in a country's development. Twain was assigned to accompany them, as correspondent 工for a California newspaper. If readers expected the usual glowing travelogue , they were sorely surprised.Unimpressed by the Sultan of Turkey, for example, he reported, “... one could set a trap anywhere and catch a dozen abler men in a night.” Casually he debunked revered arti sts and art treasures, and took unholy verbalshots at the Holy Land. Back home, more newspapers began printing his articles. America laughed with him. Upon his return to the States the book version of his travels, The Innocents Abroad, became an instant best-seller.At the age of 36 Twain settled in Hartford, Connecticut. His best books were published while he lived there.As early as 1870 Twain had experimented with a story about the boyhood adventures of a lad he named Billy Rogers. Two years later, he changed the name to Tom, and began shaping his adventures into a stage play. Not until 1874 did the story begin developing in ear nest. After publication in 1876, Tom Sawyer quickly became a classic tale of American boyhood. Tom's mischievousdaring, ingenuity , and the sweet innocence of his affection for Becky Thatcher are almost as sure to be studied in American schools to-day as is the Declaration of Independence.Mark Twain's own declaration of independence came from another character. Six chapters into Tom Sawyer, he drags in "the juvenile pariah of the village, Huckleberry Finn, son of the town drunkard." Fleeing a respectable life with the puritanical Widow Douglas, Huck protests to his friend, Tom Sawyer: "I've tried it, and it don't work; it don't work, Tom. It ain't for me ... The widder eats by a bell; she goes to bed by a bell; she gits up by a bell – everything's so awful reg'lar a body can't stand it."Nine years after Tom Sawyer swept the nation, Huck was given a life of his own, in a book often consider ed the best ever written about Americans. His raft flight down the Mississippi with a runaway slave presents a moving panorama for exploration of American society.On the river, and especially with Huck Finn, Twain found the ultimate expression of escape from the pace he lived by and often deplored, from life's regularities and the energy-sapping clamorfor success.Mark Twain suggested that an ingredient was missing in the American ambition when he said: "What arobustpeople, what a nation of thinkers we might be, if we would only lay ourselves on the shelf occasionally and renew our edges."Personal tragedy haunted his entire life, in the deaths of loved ones: his father, dying of pneumonia when Sam was 12; his brother Henry, killed by a steamboat explosion; the death of his son, Langdon, at 19 months. His eldest daughter, Susy, died of spinal meningitis , Mrs. Clemens succumbed to a heart attack in Florence, and youngest daughter., Jean, an epileptic, drowned in an upstairs bathtub .Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh. The moralizing of his earlier writing had been well padded with humor. Now the gloves came off with biting satire. He pretended to praise the U. S. military for the massacre of 600 Philippine Moros in the bowl of a volcanic, crater . In The Mysterious Stranger, he insisted that man drop his religious illusions and depend upon himself, not Providence, to make a better world.The last of his own illusions seemed to have crumbled near the end. Dictating his autobiography late in life, he commented with a crushing sense of despair on men's final release from earthly struggles: "... they vanish from a world where they were of no consequence; where they achieved nothing; where they were a mistake and a failure and a foolishness; where they have left no sign that they had existed – a world which will lament them a day and for-get them forever.”。
高级英语第一册Lesson12
Vanessa, the daughter of Ewen, didn’t have a good time with Piquette. Piquette was cold and locked herself in her own world, not allowing a second person to join in.
Four years later, she was a charming young lady.
In the café, she was totally a different person. Seventeen as
she was, she looked like twenty. She was mature. She was animated. She was beautiful. Unusual ,crazy and fashion with her hair cutting short and permed. One thing she got extremely proud of was that she has been engaged with a white young man. She thought he was handsome.
She changed lot, expressed her gratitude to my father and revealed strong eager for happiness.
Several years later, Piquette died
It She once had a shortened marriageher back again. She was was her tragic destiny that brought before her death. The totally despaired. Without proud of turnedbecame the misfortune. marriage once she took any hope, she out to be a Piquette of 13-year-old again, cold, indifferent and dirty. She gave birth The white young man left her behind soon after they got to a pair ofShe returned to her fathers in the mountain married. two children, which means two more children will suffer a world without sympathy and fairness. to get rid of. Manawaka where she once tried all her efforts
高级英语第一册Unit 2课文
Unit Two Hiroshima---the Liveliest City in JapanObjectives of Teaching⏹To comprehend the whole text⏹To learn and master the vocabulary and expressions⏹To learn to paraphrase the difficult sentences⏹To understand the structure of the text⏹To appreciate the style and rhetoric of the passage.Teaching Points⏹I. Background information⏹II. Introduction to the passage⏹III. Text analysis⏹IV. Rhetorical devices⏹V. Questions for discussionI. Background Information⏹1. The City of Hiroshima⏹2. The first dropping of an atomic bomb---“Little Boy”II. Introduction to the Passage⏹1. Type of literature: -- a piece of radio report⏹2. The purpose of a piece of radio report: -- to inform the auditors of the truth⏹3. Some characteristics of radio report:-- authenticity and objectivityIII . Text Analysis⏹1. accurately recording the dialogues with some Japanese to reinforce the authenticity of the report ⏹2. carefully observing and describing details to reinforce the authenticity of the report⏹3. vivid and humorous description to make the report interestingImportant and difficult points●1. The separation of the anti-Japanese psychology of the Chinese students‟ with the author‟s repentance for the A-bomb cataclysm.●2. What is a narration?●3. The understanding and comprehension of the contradiction between the sorrowful mentality of the author and the humorous language of the text.●4. Some useful expressions such as to be preoccupied, to be oblivious, and etc.IV . Rhetorical Devices1. metaphor2. anti-climax3. Irony4. Alliteration5. Rhetorical QuestionVII . Questions for Discussion⏹1. What was the writer‟s attitude towards Hiroshima?⏹2. Was Hiroshima in any way different from other Japanese cities?⏹3. Even in this short description one may find some of the problems of Japan, or at least, of Hiroshima. Can you say what they are?⏹4. How do the Japanese themselves look at Hiroshima? Why?I. Background Information1. Background Information: War●1938 Munich Pact, which sacrificed Czechoslovakia to Germany●Aug. 1939 Gr. and USSR concluded a non-aggression pact●Sept.1, 1939 Hitler invaded Poland. France and Britain declared war on Gr. immediately, officially beginning World War II. At the same time, USSR annexed Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia.●Jun.22, 1941 Gr. invaded USSR●Dec. 7, 1941 Japan attacked Pearl Harbour, bringing the US into the war●Sept. 1943 Italy surrendered●May. 7, 1945 Gr. surrendered unconditionally●Aug. 6, 1945 the first A-bomb exploded in Hiroshima●Aug. 8, 1945 USSR declared war on Japan and occupied Manchuria●Aug. 9, 1945 the dropping of the second A-bomb on Nagasaki●Aug. 14, 1945 Japan announced its surrender2. Background Information: Atomic Bomb●The explosion produces great amounts of heat, a shock wave and intense radiation. The region of the explosion becomes radioactively contaminated and radioactive products may be deposited elsewhere as fallout.●At 8:15 a.m. on August 6, 1945, by order of President Truman, the first Atomic bomb, nicknamed Little Boy was exploded over a point near the centre of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, destroying almost everything with a radius of 6000 to 8000 feet (1830-2450 meters)●The damage beyond this area was considerable, and over 71,000 people were killed instantly. Many more later died of injuries and the effects of radiation. Casualties numbered nearly 130,000.●Survivors are still dying of leukaemia, pernicious anaemia and other diseases induced by radiation. Almost 98% of the buildings were destroyed or severely damaged.●After the war, The Japanese dedicated post-war Hiroshima to peace. A destroyed area named "Peace City" has been set aside as a memorial. A peace Park was built. A special hospital built here treats people suffering from exposure to radiation and conducts research into its effects.●The ruins of the Institute of Industrial Development, with its warped dome, were preserved as a symbol of the terror of destruction.●The city now is an important producer of iron and steel, motor vehicles, tractors, ships, machinery, sewing needles, paper, textiles, and food products.3. Words from Japanese⏹tempura 日式火锅⏹sake 酒⏹sakura 樱花⏹sushi 寿司⏹kimono 和服⏹judo 柔道⏹tatami 榻榻米⏹karate 徒手自卫术⏹kabuki 歌舞伎⏹kakemono条幅，字画⏹tsunami 海湾浪⏹ikebana 插花⏹tycoon大亨；大企业家⏹sumo相扑⏹Mikado天皇⏹gobang五子棋⏹Hiroshima⏹Nagasaki⏹Tokyo东京⏹Osaka大阪⏹Hokkaido北海道⏹Kyushu九州⏹Honshu本州⏹Kyoto京都⏹Yokohama横滨⏹Sendai仙台⏹Kagoshima鹿儿岛⏹Sapporo札幌⏹Kobe神户⏹Okinawa 冲绳⏹Shikoku四国⏹Nagoya名古屋⏹the Ginza 银座II. Analysis of Structure and Writing Techniques1. Questions for the understanding of the text●1. What is the author? What does he come to Hiroshima for?●2. How did he get to Hiroshima?●3. What was weighing heavily on his mind?●4. Why did he call his trip to Hiroshima a far great adventure?●5. How did the author get to the City Hall?●6. What impression do you have about the cab driver?●7. How did the author describe the city, why?●8. Why did the usher heave a long almost musical sigh? What effect does this have on you?●9. What is the general atmosphere of this part?●10. What do you imagine the mayor looked like?●11. Why did he again sense the emotion that had crushed him at the station?●12. Why was it difficult for him to ask why they were gathered at that specific place?●13. Why did the Americans and Germans seem just as inhibited as he was?●14. What do you imagine the faces looked like each time the name of Hiroshima was repeated?●15. Why do you think the author repeatedly reminds us of the serious appearances and the psychology of the westerners?●16. What do you think the author expected the mayor to say?2. Writing Style●Narration One of the basic and most frequently adopted way of writing. Simply defined, narration is the telling of a story. A good narration has a beginning, a middle and an end.●Narration is concerned with action, with life in motion, with a meaningful series of action. A narrative writing usually tells the time, the background of an event, or the cause and result of it.●In a narrative writing, the actions or the incidents, events are generally presented in order of their occurrence, following the natural time sequence of the happenings. It is called to be in Chronological order. But it can also start in the middle or at some other point in the action and move backward to the earlier happenings. This is called flashback.There are three basic components of a narration:●a. Plot: the frame of the writing, which consists of a series of events. There are usu. one or several climaxes, the highest point of the story, with suspensions, conflicts, to arouse the interest of the audience. After the climax is reached, the story quickly moves to a conclusion.●b. Characters: the leading character is called the hero or protagonist.●c. Background: the time and place of the story●The plot / action usually dominates narration, however, some narratives focus on character or theme or atmosphere.3. Structure—Writing TechniqueSection I: (para 1.)The ArrivalSection II: (The Japanese ...the kimono and the miniskirt.)Way to City Hall, General Impression Section III: (At the door...)Meeting the MayorSection IV: (the hospital)At the Hospital4. Rhetoric Skills1. Irony: a figure of speech in which the meaning literally expressed is the opposite of the meaning intended and which aims at ridicule, humour or sarcasm.§Hiroshima---the Liveliest City in Japan§Each day of suffering that helps to free my from earthly cares§congratulate myself on the good fortune that my illness has brought me2. Anti-Climax: the sudden appearance of an absurd or trivial idea following a serious significant ideas and suspensions. This device is usu. aimed at creating comic or humorous effects.§a town known throughout the world for its---oysters§The duties of a soldier are to protect is country and peel potatoes.3. Alliteration: the repetition of an initial sound that is usu. a consonant in two or more neighboring words.§slip to a stop; tested and treated4. Rhetorical Question: a question that needs no answer, but used for emphasis§Was I not at the scene of the crime?5. Euphemism: the substitution of an agreeable or in-offensive expression for one that may offend or suggest sth unpleasant§He was sentenced to prison---He is now living at the government's expenses.§to go to heaven---dead§to go to the bathroom, do one's business, answer the nature's call, put an end to my life.§Each day of suffering that helps to free me from earthly cares.6. Metonymy: a figure of speech that consists in using the name of one thing for that of something else with which it is associated.§little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers ...struggle between kimono and the miniskirt§I thought that Hiroshima still felt the impact.Metonymy can be derived from various sources:a. Names of persons: Uncle Sam: the USAb. Animals: the bear: the Soviet Union;the dragon: the Chinese (a fight between the bear and the dragon)c. Parts of the body: heart: feelings and emotionshead, brain: wisdom, intelligence, reasonShe was a girl who excited the emotions, but I was not one to let my heart rule my head.grey hair: old aged. Profession: the press: newspapers, reporters etc.He met the press yesterday evening at the Grand Hotel.the bar: the legal professione. location of government, business etc.Downing Street: the British Government；The White House: the US president and his governmentThe Capitol Hill: US CongressIII. Text analysis1. must: expressing an opinion about sth. that is logically very likely；probability⏹There must be something wrong.⏹This must be what he means.⏹sth. that shouldn't be overlooked or missed:⏹This multiplayer is a must for every modern family.⏹对于数以万计的电视观众来说，她的歌唱乃周日晚所必须有的一个节目。
高级英语第一册课件001
Paragraph 2
Then as you penetrate deeper into the …fades away, and
you come …the muted cloth-market. Penetrate: to pierce or pass into or through It is used here to indicate that you have to pass through a big crowd in order to go deeper into the market. Fade away: go slowly out of hearing, disappear gradually
15
1. Type of literature: a piece of objective description；travel note 2. The purpose of a piece of objective description: ---to record and reproduce a true picture with opinions and emotions of the author excluded 3. Ways of developing a piece of objective description: ---to begin with a brief general picture, divide the object into parts and organize the detailed description in order of space
中东名称的来源据说是：16－17世纪欧洲殖民者向东殖 民时，把距离欧洲的地理位置按远近划分成了：近东near east， 中东middle east，远东far east。 “中东地区”或“中东” 是指地中海东部与南部区域，从 地中海东部到波斯湾的大片地区，“中东”地理上也是非洲 东北部与亚洲大陆西南部的地区。 “中东”不属于正式的地 理术语。中东地区的气候类型主要有热带沙漠气候、地中海 气候、温带大陆性气候。 其中热带沙漠气候分布最广。
高级英语第一册 课文翻译及修辞
二课广岛——日本“最有活力”的城市(节选)雅各?丹瓦“广岛到了!大家请下车!”当世界上最快的高速列车减速驶进广岛车站并渐渐停稳时，那位身着日本火车站站长制服的男人口中喊出的一定是这样的话。
我其实并没有听懂他在说些什么，一是因为他是用日语喊的，其次，则是因为我当时心情沉重，喉咙哽噎，忧思万缕，几乎顾不上去管那日本铁路官员说些什么。
踏上这块土地，呼吸着广岛的空气，对我来说这行动本身已是一套令人激动的经历，其意义远远超过我以往所进行的任何一次旅行或采访活动。
难道我不就是在犯罪现场吗?这儿的日本人看来倒没有我这样的忧伤情绪。
从车站外的人行道上看去，这儿的一切似乎都与日本其他城市没什么两样。
身着和嘏的小姑娘和上了年纪的太太与西装打扮的少年和妇女摩肩接豫；神情严肃的男人们对周围的人群似乎视而不见，只顾着相互交淡，并不停地点头弯腰，互致问候：“多么阿里伽多戈扎伊马嘶。
”还有人在使用杂货铺和烟草店门前挂着的小巧的红色电话通话。
“嗨!嗨!”出租汽车司机一看见旅客，就砰地打开车门，这样打着招呼。
“嗨”，或者某个发音近似“嗨”的什么词，意思是“对”或“是”。
“能送我到市政厅吗?”司机对着后视镜冲我一笑，又连声“嗨!”“嗨!”出租车穿过广岛市区狭窄的街巷全速奔驰，我们的身子随着司机手中方向盘的一次次急转而前俯后仰，东倒西歪。
与此同时，这座曾惨遭劫难的城市的高楼大厦则一座座地从我们身边飞掠而过。
正当我开始觉得路程太长时，汽车嘎地一声停了下来，司机下车去向警察问路。
就像东京的情形一样，广岛的出租车司机对他们所在的城市往往不太熟悉，但因为怕在外国人面前丢脸，却又从不肯承认这一点。
无论乘客指定的目的地在哪里，他们都毫不犹豫地应承下来，根本不考虑自己要花多长时间才能找到目的地。
这段小插曲后来终于结束了，我也就不知不觉地突然来到了宏伟的市政厅大楼前。
当我出示了市长应我的采访要求而发送的请柬后，市政厅接待人员向我深深地鞠了一躬，然后声调悠扬地长叹了一口气。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Definition
Verbal picturing of a person, place, object, scene, idea etc, that is ,painting a picture in words. A good description creates a sensory experience with the use of words. First the author pictures an experience in his mind. Then he selects specific details to communicate that impression. Through reading this detailed description, readers in turn create a similar picture in their minds.
Objective description attempts to report accurately the appearance of the object as a thing in itself, independent of the observer’s perception of it or feelings about it, the purpose of which is to inform a reader who has not been able to see with his own eyes.
2019/11/12
3
Tips
Establish a dominant impression or outstanding quality
Select details: relevant; specific; vivid/minute
2019/11/12
4
• Though small, the street possesses a medley of colors which suggest the richness of life. The houses lining it are painted red, yellow, grey and white. Girls wear skirts, the colors of which you can never imagine. Vegetables and fruits on a peddler’s stand appear in jade green, watery yellow and rosy purple. They shine under the sun in a way that dazzles your eyes.
Unit 1 of Advanced English
The Middle Eastern Bazaar
2019/11/12
1
Prereading questions:
What is a bazaar? Have you ever seen one before?
What are handicraft economy, industrialized economy, new economy, knowledge economy? What kind of economy is the bazaar in the text related to?
2019/11/12
5
• Arrange the description in proper order: straightforward spatial order; specific elements → general or vice versa; the least striking feature → the most; appearance → personality
•2019/11/12
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
---- William Shakespere 6
Classification of Descriptive Writing
according to the contents: D. of person; of place; of object; scene
according to the ways of presentation: objective D; impressionistic D
• … His gaunt, expressive face was dominated by piercing eyes, conveying a mixture of intensity and repose, of wariness and calm self-confidence… He moved gracefully and with dignity, filling a room not by his physical dominance but by his air of controlled tension, steely discipline, and self-control, as if he were a coiled spring.
• Use specific and vivid language
• Employ figures of speech
– She danced and sang happily like a lark. (as slippery as an eel; as poor as a church mouse, etc)
How many styles of writing have you practiced in your writing course up to now? What style of writing can this text be categorized into?
2019/11/12
2
Some introduction to descriptive writing:
– She is the eyeball of her parents.
– The street faded into a country road with straggling (spread in an irregular manner) houses by it.
– Youth is hot and bold, age is weak and cold, youth is wild, and Age is tame.