2020年4月北京西城高三一模英语试题 (含答案)

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2020年北京市西城区实验中学高三英语一模试卷及答案

2020年北京市西城区实验中学高三英语一模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABird migration is described as the regular, seasonal movement of bird populations from one place to another and back again.The longer days and rich food of the northern summer provide greater chances for birds to feed their young. The longer daylight hours and enormous food resources allow birds to lay larger eggs than those of related non-migratory species that remain in the tropics all year round. As the days shorten in autumn and the breeding period is over, the birds return to warmer regions where the available food supply differs little with the seasons changing. The advantages of migration make up for the high stress, physical exertion（消耗）, and other risks of the migration.Day length is the primary environmental factor that encourages birds to prepare for migration. They have an increased appetite which results in weight gaining, giving them the fat reserves that provide energy for their migratory flight. They also show more activity at night, which is when most birds migrate. While the length of day is the primary reason for migration, birds also respond to temperature changes. For example, if a spring is late and the temperature is lower than normal, birds delay migration; if a spring is early, birds also begin migration early.The timing of the migratory cycle must allow birds to arrive on the breeding site so that there is time tobuild a breeding place, mate, lay the eggs, and hatch the young before the rich food is available to feed the young in the nest. Similarly, if birds wait until the climate in their northern breeding grounds becomes tolerable(可忍受的), there will be no time togain the necessary weight that provides the energy needed for their southbound migration.1. Why do birds migrate to the north in spring?A The temperature in the south has risen.B. They like traveling and enjoy the journey.C. The summer there is warmer than that in the south.D. The environment there is more suitable for them to feed their baby birds.2. What are the two factors that cause birds to migrate?A. Day length and food supply.B. Night length and high stress.C. Temperature changes and daylength.D. Food supply and temperature changes.3. Which can be the best title for the text?A. Birds' LifeB. Birds' MigrationC. Birds' Breeding HabitsD. Birds' Living EnvironmentBHardware in general,and smartphones in particular,have become a huge environmental and health problem in the Global South's landfill sites(垃圾填埋场).Electronic waste(e-waste) currently takes up 5 percent of all global waste,and it is set to increase rapidly as more of us own more than one smartphone,laptop and power bank They end up in places like Agbogbloshie on theoutskirts of Ghana's capital,Accra. It is the biggest e-waste dump in the world,where 10,000 informal workers walk through tons of abandoned goods as part of an informal recycling process.They risk their health searching for the precious metals that are found in abandoned smartphones.But Agbogbloshie should not exist.The Basel Convention,a 1989 treaty,aims to prevent developed nations from unauthorized dumping of e-waste in less developed countries.The e-waste industry,however,circumventsregulations by exporting e-waste labelled as "secondhand goods' to poor countries like Ghana,knowing full well hat it is heading for a landfill site.A recent report found Agbogbloshie contained some of the most dangerous chemicals.This is not surprising: smartphones contain chemicals like mercury（水银）,lead and even arsenic(砷).Reportedly, one egg from a free-range chicken in Agbogbloshie contained a certainchemical which can cause cancer and damage the immune system at a level that's about 220 times greater than a limit set by the European Food Safety Authority(EFSA).Most worryingly,these poisonous chemicals are free to pollute the broader soil and water system.This should concern us all, since some ofGhana's top exports are cocoa and nuts.Some governments have started to take responsibility for their consumers' waste.For example,Germanyhas started a project that includes a sustainable recycling system at Agbogbloshie,along with a health clinic for workers.However,governments cannot solve the problem alone, as there is an almost limitless consumer demandfor hardware,especially when governments' green policies are focused on issues like climate change.Only the manufacturers can fix this.A more economically sustainable and politically possible solution is through encouraging hardware manufacturers to make the repair, reuse and recycling of hardware profitable,or at least cost-neutral4. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A. Electronic waste requires more landfill sites acrossGhana.B. Electronic waste is too complex to get fully recycleC. Electronic products need to be improved urgentlyD. Electronic pollution is a burning question in Agbogbloshie5. What does the underlined word "circumvents"in Paragraph 3 mean?A. AbolishesB. TightensC. Brings inD. Gets around6. What should be the best concern according to the text?A. The thread of polluted food around the worldB. The damage of chicken’s immune systemC. The lack of diversity inGhana's exportsD. The violation of EFSA's standards7. What does the author think is the best solution to the e-waste problem?A. Manufacturers' developing a sustainable hardware economyB. Governments’ adjusting their green policies about e-waste.C. Reducing customers' demands for electronic productsD. Manufacturers’ urging the government to make effective policies to ensure more profit.CAt any moment, about half the world’s population is wearing denim（牛仔布）clothes. But few realize tiny bits of denim have been adding up to a surprising amount of pollution in water, as a new study shows.Sam Athey, one of the study’s authors, says, “Even though denim is made of a natural material—cotton, it contains chemicals.” Cotton fibers were treated with many types of chemicals, she notes. Some improve its durability and feel. Others give denim its distinctive blue color1 .Athey and her team washed jeans and found that about 50,000 microfibers came off from each pair per wash. Not all of those fibers make their way into the environment. Wastewater treatment plants catch about 83 to 99percent ofthem. Catching 99 percent may sound pretty good. But one percent of 50,000 is still 500 fibers per wash. And since every pair of jeans is washed again and again, it still adds up to lots of microfibers entering the water environment.Denim microfibers showed up in sediment（沉淀物）from the Great Lakes. More of these fibers polluted a series of shallow lakesin southern Ontario. They even turned up in sediment from the Arctic Ocean in northern Canada. The team found denim accounted for 12 to 23 percent of microfibers in the sediment. There were other microfibers too. But the team focused on denim because so many people wear jeans.“Everyone wears jeans so they could be our largest input of microfibers into our streams and soils,” Athey says. “An easy way to limit that is by washing our jeans less often.” Athey grew up thinking she should wash her jeans after wearing them every couple of times, but most jean companies recommend washing them no more than once a month. “The solution is not that you shouldn’t wear jeans,” she says. “We need to buy fewer denim clothes and only wash them when they truly need it.”8. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Chemicals are contained in natural cotton.B. Chemicals can make denim color1 ful.C. Chemicals prevent fibers from falling.D. Chemicals can make the life of denim longer.9. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Denim.B. Sediment.C. Microfibers.D. Chemicals.10. What does the author mainly want to tell us through Athey’s words ?A. To avoid wearing jeans.B. To reduce denim consumption.C. To wash jeans more often.D. To limit input in denim production.11. In which section of a magazine might the text be found?A. Science.B. Entertainment.C. Tourism.D. Geography.DI’ve never been the kind of person to say, “it’s the thought that counts” when it comes to gifts. That was until a couple of weeks ago, when my kids gave me a present thatblew me away.For years now, I’ve been wanting to sell our home, the place where my husband and I raised our kids. But to me, this house is much more than just a building.In the front room, there’s a wall that has hundreds of pencil lines, marking the progress of my children’s growth.Every growth stage is marked in grey, with each child’s name and the date they were measured. Of all the objects and all the memories, it’s this one thing in a home that’s the hardest to leave behind. Friends I know have returned home after work only to discover their wall of heights has been freshly painted over. A new paint job wouldn’t normally be greeted by tears, but erasing that evidence of motherhood hurts more than it should. Our kids grow in so many ways, but the wall is physical evidence of their progress, right there for everyone to see. Over the years, I’ve talked about how much I would hate leaving that wall behind when I moved, even though the last marks were made 10 years ago when my kids stopped growing.So one day, while I was at work, my childrendecided to do something about it.They hired Jacquie Manning, a professional photographer whose work is about capturing (捕捉) the beautiful things in life, from clear lakes and skies to diamonds and ballgowns (舞会礼服).She came to our house while I was at work, and over several hours, took photos of the hundreds of drawings and lines, little grey fingerprints (手印), and old marks. Somehow, she managed to photograph all those years of memories perfectly. Afterwards, she put all the photos together into one image, transforming them into a beautiful history of my family.Three weeks later, my children’s wonderful gift made its way to me—a life-size photo of the pencil lines and fingerprints that represents entire lifetimes of love and growth.12. The underlined phrase in Para. I “blew me away” probably means “________”.A. attracted meB. surprised meC. accepted meD. refused me13. What does the house really mean to the author?A. A house.B. Buildings.C. An object.D. Memories.14. What surprised the friends I know after work?A. Finding the wall repainted.B. Erasing the fingerprints.C. Greeting them by tears.D. Leaving the wall unfinished.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Gift Made with LoveB. Buildings Made by ChildrenC. A Very Wonderful PaintingD. A Family History第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年北京市西城区实验学校高三英语一模试卷及答案

2020年北京市西城区实验学校高三英语一模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Internet can provide a wealth of educational resources for small children, if you know where to look.Enchanted LearningEnchanted learning is a great website for children, and I know several teachers who rely on it for materials for their classrooms. Most of the information is free, but for $ 20.00 per year, you can purchase a membership that allows you to have access to the site without the advertising. The pages here are great. There are color1 ed pages and worksheets for toddlers (学步儿童) and school-age children.StarfallStarfall is another good educational website for small children. Teachers often use this website in classrooms. It emphasizes reading skills for early learners. The website is aimed at first-grade-level learners, but it has tools that can help all children from pre-K to second grade. The website has reading activities, worksheets to download, and a store where you can purchase educational materials for your children.Sesame Street WorkshopKids loveSesame Street, and it is always educational. This is one of the funniest websites online for children because it is very well animated and has great sound effects. The website has games and stories for small kids, and they can create letters at the post office and mail them to their favorite characters.1. Why does Enchanted Learning offer purchasing memberships?A. Charging for the information.B. Charging for downloading materials.C. Giving access to the site without the ads.D. Providing unlimited search for more pages.2. Where can you buy educational materials for your children?A. Enchanted LearningB. StarfallC. Sesame Street WorkshopD. Colored pages3. What is the purpose of this text?A. To introduce.B. To discuss.C. To persuade.D. To educate.BCanadaIs Our NeighbourCanada and the United States are neighbours.They are on the same land.They share the same long boundary(国界).These two nations are similar in many ways.Canada buys many goods from the United States.Cars and clothes are two examples.The United States also buys goods from Canada.Much of the paper used in the United States comes from Canada.Some of the oilweuse comes from Canada,too.Americans travel toCanadaon holiday.And Canadians often visit the United States.It is easy for the people of one country to go to the other country.Canadians read about the United States in newspapers and magazines.Many Americans watch Canadian baseball and hockey (曲棍球)matches on Sundays.However,there are important differences between theUnited Statesand Canada.The United States has more people.Because the population is smaller,there are more open places in Canada.There is much unused land.This is another important difference.4.Canadabuys from theUnited States.A.oil and paperB.nothingC.many thingsD.everything5.In the first paragraph “we” means ________.A.CanadiansB.AmericansC.ChineseD.students6.The people in theUnited Stateslike Canadian ________.A.baseballB.basketballC.newspapersD.oil7.Which of the following statements is WRONG?A.Canada has less people than theUSA.B.Canada has not used all the land.C.Canada is connected withAmerica.D.Canadians don’t like hockey.CTeenagers from low-income families in particular are more likely than their middle-class peers（同龄人）to do less well in schoolwork and to drop out of school. Studies have shown, however, that a positive attitude towards schoolwork and the support and encouragement from their parents can help at-risk youngsters to overcome theeconomic barriersand lack of resources they face. Most of the evidence about the effects of parental involvement （参与）comes from research on mothers. Little is known, however, about how teenagers experience their fathers’ warmth and the beliefs and behavior that are most affected by it.This new study is part of a large one focusing on low-income families conducted in four middle schools in the southwestern United States. Researchers asked 183 sixth-graders about how optimistic and motivated they were about their school work, and how they experienced their fathers' warmth. The students' maths and language arts grades were also gained. The research team took into account the influence that mothers have on their children’s well-being in their analyses.Their findings show how fathers can support their teenagers in ways that result in greater optimism and higher achievement at school. “Low-income fathers affect their teenagers’ beliefs about themselves and their future, and these beliefs influence their achievement by increasing their determination to complete school tasks, “says Dr, Marie-Anne.These positive effects extend to both sons and daughters, although in different ways. Experiencing their fathers’ warmth first influences daughters’sense of optimism, and thenspills overinto their feeling more determined and certain about their academic abilities. This in turn leads to better maths grades. There is a more direct link between their fathers, love and boys' belief in their ability to succeed in academy.8. What is more likely to happen to teenagers from low-income families?A. They will be more determined to struggle.B. They will have fewer happy things to share.C. They will fail in their studies and quit school.D. They will receive less love from their parents.9. How is the new research different from the previous ones?A. It only researches families in the north of America.B. It only studies low-education families in the world.C. It combines questionnaire data and students, grades.D. It mainly focuses on the effects of fathers' involvement.10. What can we know about fathers' warmth?A. It is less effective than that of mothers.B. It affects girls and boys in different ways.C. It mainly applies to girls rather than boys.D. It has a more direct effect on girls thanon boys.11. Which of the following best explains "spills over" underlined in the last paragraph?A. Spreads.B. Changes.C. Bursts.D. Checks.DOnline education has grown fast over the past ten years. The explosion of technology has made teaching outside the traditional classroom possible for teachers and has provided learners with easy access to course materials. Its attractiveness, benefits, and challenges are addressed.In April, 2005, I was approached by a student who was interested in our doctoral program. However, the first question out of her mouth was, “Do you offer any online courses?” Later that day, as I was reading the conference program guide trying for interesting presentations, I noticed many workshops on web-based learning and online education. I later attended two of those workshops and met several professors from different universities who had either taught online courses for quite some time or who were discovering the best practice for teaching online. These experiences helped me realize at least to some extent the degree of growth in online education.My responsibilities for the term included gaining more understanding of online education. Consequently, I made several attempts to enrich my knowledge of distance learning and online teaching. I consulted with my colleagues who were teaching online courses. This helped me recognize the importance of getting materials prepared even before the start of a term. I also learned that online courses may consume more time than regular classroom teaching. And I attended several workshops regarding online education and established a network with those who were involved in online programs at other universities. I will consider these people as my consultants as I begin to design my own online course. Also, I conducted a brief survey with 15 students and two faculty members who had taken or taught an online course before to understand their experience. Eventually I completed a literature review which gave me the foundation and the background of understanding the need for online education.12. What benefits the development of online education?A. Teachers’ good teaching ability.B. Lack of traditional classrooms.C. Learners’ access to free courses.D. The rapid advance of technology.13. Why did the author take a student for example?A. To show students’ love for the doctoral program.B. To persuade learners of traditional education.C. To explain the growing trend of online education.D. To predict the future of the teaching career.14. What caused the author to know more about online education?A. The appetite for knowledge.B. The professional responsibilities.C. The requirement of research.D. The colleagues’ encouragement.15. What is the author’s attitude to online education?A. Carefree.B. Doubtful.C. Supportive.D. Unwilling.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

北京市西城区2020届高三4月统一测试(一模)英语试卷有答案(加精)

西城区高三统一测试英语本试卷共11页，共150分。

考试时长120分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话你将听一遍。

例：What is the man going to read?A. A newspaper.B. A magazine.C. A book.答案是A。

1. Where are the two speakers?A. On the plane. A. On the bus. C. On the train.2. What is the weather going to be like this weekend?A. Sunny.B. Cloudy.C. Rainy.3. Who is the woman?A. A cleaner.B. A secretary.C. A manager.4. What will the woman probably do during the holiday?A. Visit her sister.B. Shop in her city.C. Travel in Hangzhou.5. Why can’t the woman take the direct route?A. The road is under construction.B. The right-hand lane is closed.C. There is no exit.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）听下面4段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

北京市西城区2020届高三下学期4月一模考试英语含答案

B. work
C. dinner
D. bed
16. A. doctor
B. driver
C. firefighter
D. engineer
17 A. stopped
B. troubled
C. intended
D. wanted
18. A. duty
B. time
C. target
D. schedule
But this one had atwist. "Lastnight,” South Country Ambulance chief Greg Miglino toldCBSNewrYork,"the30arrived in pajamas, not in a firetruck.,,
11. A. drove
He pushed aside the deflating（瘪了的）airbags, grabbed Esposito's arms, and28her toward him across the passenger seat until he could help her out and quickly get her lo29behind a signal box a few feet away. Within six seconds, he estimated, the train crashed into the minivan. "It was like a Hollywood movie," DiPinto told reporters the next day.
As it happened, Pete DiPinto was getting ready for15. He'd just closed his book

2020年北京市西城区高三一模英语试题及参考答案

2020年北京市西城区高三一模英语本试卷共11页，120分。

考试时长100分钟。

考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

AThe International Day of Families, which was started by the United Nations in 1993,___1___ (hold) on May 15 every year. The day celebrates the ___2___ (important) of families. It aims to deepen people’s understanding of issue ___3___are related to families. With a different theme each year, the day is observed with a wide range of events that are organized at local, national and international ___4___ (level).BFor thousands of years, people have been trying to predict the weather. In China during the Shang Dynasty, people ___5___ (record) weather forecasts on animal bones and tortoise shells. Centuries later, ___6___ Greece, the philosopher, Aristotle wrote his theories about how weather conditions formed. Weather forecasting advanced over time, with more and more instruments used to measure temperature, humidity and air pressure. Today, satellite data and computer technology help scientists predict the weather more ___7___ (precise).CLast year, China started testing 5G mobile networks in several cities. The Hongkou District of Shanghai was the first to operate a 5G network. To test the network, Wu Qing, vice mayor of Shanghai, made a phone call ___8___ (use) a Huawei MateX, Huawei’s first 5G smartphone. According to The Telegraph, “5G is the innovation that ___9___ (shape) all our lives for years to come.” It is ___10___ (fast) and more stable than 4G, the previous generation of cellular ( 蜂窝状的) network technology.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2020届北京市西城区高考英语一模试卷解析版

高考英语一模试卷题号I II III IV V总分得分一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AAmsterdam Destination GuideAmsterdam is one of the most popular travel destinations in the world，famous for its beautiful canals，top art museums，cycling culture and so on．It is the capital and most populous city in the Netherlands and often referred to as the "Venice of the North" because of its expansive system of bridges and canals．Here are some of the key points to remember as you plan your trip to Amsterdam．Boom Season Population Language（s）Currency January ClimateJulyClimateMay to October813，562Dutch Euro Averagehigh：5.8°CAveragehigh：22.0°CMust-See AttractionsMost visitors begin their Amsterdam adventure in the Old Centre，which is full of traditional architecture，shopping centers，and coffee shops．You'll also want to check out Amsterdam's Museum Quarter in the South District，which is great for shopping at the Albert Cuyp Market and having a picnic in the Vondelpark．The top museums to visit there are the Rijksmusuem，the Ann Frank House，and the Van Gogh Museum．If You Have TimeThere are several other unique districts in Amsterdam，and you should try to explore as many of them as time allows．The Canal Ring is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that was originally built to attract wealthy home owners and is a center for celebrity spotting and nightlife today．The Plantage area has most of the city's museums，including the Jewish Historical Museum，the Scheepvaart Museum，and the botanical gardens．Money Saving Tips• Unless you really want to see the tulips （郁金香）blooming，avoid booking between mid-March and mid-May．This is when hotel and flight prices rise．• Look for accommodations in Amsterdam's South District，where rates are generally cheaper than in the city center．• Buy train tickets at the machine instead of the counter to save a bit of money．• Instead of hiring a tour guide，hop on a canal boat．They're inexpensive and will give you a unique point of view of the city．Check out our homepage to view price comparisons for flights，hotels，and rental cars before you book．1.What can be learned about Amsterdam from this passage？______A. Amsterdam is called the "Venice of the North" because of its location．B. The Van Gogh Museum lies in Amsterdam's Museum Quarter．C. The Old Centre is a UNESCO World Heritage Site．D. The Canal Ring is a place to attract garden lovers．2.In order to save money in Amsterdam，you can ______ ．A. arrange a guided canal tourB. buy train tickets at the counterC. reserve a hotel in the South DistrictD. book flights between mid-March and mid-May3.Where is the passage most probably taken from？______A. A magazine．B. An essay．C. A report．D. A website．BThree months after Hurricane Katrina in 2005，Rebecca Sell，then 24，a photojournalist for Fredericksburg photographed a New Orleans couple worriedly examining water-spotted photo albums．As she took the photo，something within her clicked．"I told them I could take the ruined pictures，copy them and give them digitally restored （修复）photos，" she recalls．Although a bit sceptical，the couple agreed．Rebecca took their photos home，restored them and took them to the couple at their temporary home．"It felt so good to be able to do that for them，" says Rebecca．When her editor，Dave Ellis，saw the photo of the couple，he suggested they go back and restore damaged photos for even more people．So in January 2006，with paid time off from the paper，the two set up shop in Pass Christian．After posting a notice in the community newsletter，Rebecca and Dave received 500 photos in four days．For each，the pair took a new digital picture，then used high-tech software to erase water spots and restore colors．It just so happened that a popular website linked to Dave's blog about the experience，and soon Operation Photo Rescue，as it came to be known，had emails from hundreds of volunteers，including photographers and restoration experts，eager to help．Though digital restoration is a painstaking process，mending irreplaceable family pictures means the world to victims like Emily Lancaster，71，who took out piles of ruined photo albums after Katrina，never thinking the mess could be saved．But she just couldn't bear to part with a few treasured pictures，including a portrait of her father，who had passed away ，and a photo of her husband as a boy．Then she heard about Operation Photo Rescue．"I didn't have a whole lot of hope they could fix them，but they did，" Emily says．"Almost every day I think about all the pictures I've lost．I'm so happy to have these two．"In the five years since Katrina，Operation Photo Rescue has collected thousands of pictures ruined by floods，hurricanes and tornadoes．Volunteers make "copy runs" to disaster areas across the country to gather damaged photos from survivors；operating costs are covered by donations．"It's great to be able to give people some of their history back，" says Rebecca．"One person told me that thanks to us，her grandmother got to see her photos again before she passed away．Moments like that remind me why I do this．"4.When Rebecca took the picture of the New Orleans couple，she decided to ______ ．A. take them to their temporary homeB. help with their damaged photosC. set up shop in Pass ChristianD. cover Hurricane Katrina5.From Paragraph 2，we know that Dave and Rebecca ______ ．A. quit their jobs in 2006B. inspired volunteers to join themC. spent four days mending the photosD. made their work known in their newspaper6.How did Emily Lancaster feel when she first heard about Operation Photo Rescue？______A. Excited．B. Hopeless．C. Satisfied．D. Sceptical．7.What is the best title for the passage？______A. Surviving HurricanesB. An Act of GenerosityC. Saving MemoriesD. A Lucky CoupleCLike many other people who speak more than one language，I often have the sense that I'm a slightly different person in each of my languages-more confident in English，more relaxed in French，more emotional in Czech．Is it possible that，along with these differences，my moral compass （指南针）also points in somewhat different directions depending on the language I'm using at the time？Psychologists who study moral judgments have become very interested in this question．The findings of several recent studies suggest that when people are faced with moral dilemmas （困境），they do indeed respond differently when considering them in a foreign language than when using their native tongue．In a 2014 paper led by Albert Costa，volunteers were presented with a moral dilemma known as the "trolley problem"：imagine that a runaway trolley is moving quickly toward a group of five people standing on the tracks，unable to move．You are next to a switch that can move the trolley to a different set of tracks，therefore sparing the five people，but resulting in the death of one who is standing on the side tracks．Do you pull the switch？Most people agree that they would．But what if the only way to stop the trolley is by pushing a large stranger off a footbridge into its path？People tend to be very hesitant to say they would do this，even though in both situations，one person is sacrificed to save five．But Costa and his colleagues found that presenting the dilemma in a language that volunteers had learned as a foreign tongue dramatically increased their stated willingness to push the sacrificial person off the footbridge，from fewer than 20% of respondents working in their native language to about 50% of those using the foreign one．Why does it matter whether we judge morality in our native language or a foreign one？According to one explanation，such judgments involve two separate and competing ways of thinking-one of these，a quick，natural "feeling，" and the other，careful deliberation about the greatest good for the greatest number．When we use a foreign language，we unconsciously sink into the more careful way simply because the effort of operating in our non-native language signals our cognitive （认知的）system to prepare for difficult activity ．An alternative explanation is that differences arise between native and foreign tongues because our childhood languages are filled with greater emotions than are those learned in more academic settings．As a result，moral judgments made in a foreign language are less filled with the emotional reactions that surface when we use a language learned in childhood．There's strong evidence that memory connects a language with the experiences and interactions through which that language was learned．For example，people who are bilingual （双语的）are more likely to recall an experience if reminded in the language in which that event occurred．Our childhood languages，learned in the middle of passionate emotion，becomefilled with deep feeling．By comparison，languages acquired late in life，especially if they are learned through limited interactions in the classroom or dully delivered over computer screens and headphones，enter our minds lacking the emotionality that is present for their native speakers．8.What does "this question" in Paragraph 2 refer to？A. What contributes to one's language improvements？______B. Is it necessary to learn more than one foreign language？C. Does the language one uses influence one's moral judgments？D. How do people deal with moral dilemmas in a foreign language？9.When the "trolley problem" was presented in a foreign language，volunteers were morelikely to ______ ．A. care less about the five peopleB. pull the switch to the side tracksC. remain hesitant about what to doD. sacrifice the stranger on the footbridge10.The underlined word in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ______ ．A. considerationB. guidanceC. selectionD. arrangement11.What can we learn from the last two paragraphs？______A. Bilingual people are less emotional than others．B. Native language learning involves greater emotions．C. Childhood memories limit foreign language learning．D. Academic settings promote foreign language learning．DWe talk continuously about how to make children more "resilient （有恢复力的）"，but whatever we're doing，it's not working．Rates of anxiety disorders and depression are rising rapidly among teenagers．What are we doing wrong？Nassim Taleb invented the word "antifragile" and used it to describe a small but very important class of systems that gain from shocks，challenges，and disorder．The immune （免疫的）system is one of them：it requires exposure to certain kinds of bacteria and potential allergens （过敏原）in childhood in order to develop to its full ability．Children's social and emotional abilities are as antifragile as their immune systems．If we overprotect kids and keep them "safe" from unpleasant social situations and negative emotions ，we deprive （剥夺）them of the challenges and opportunities for skill-building they need to grow strong．Such children are likely to suffer more when exposed later to other unpleasant but ordinary life events，such as teasing and social rejection．It's not the kids' fault．In the UK，as in the US，parents became much more fearful in the 1980s and 1990s as cable TV and later the Internet exposed everyone，more and more，to those rare occurrences of crimes and accidents that now occur less and less．Outdoor play and independent mobility went down；screen time and adult-monitored activities went up．Yet free play in which kids work out their own rules of engagement，take small risks，and learn to master small dangers turns out to be vital for the development of adult social and even physical competence．Depriving them of free play prevents their social-emotional growth．Norwegian play researchers Ellen Sandseter and Leif Kennair warned："We may observe an increased anxiety or mental disorders in society if children are forbidden from participating in age adequate risky play．"They wrote those words in 2011．Over the following few years，their prediction came true ．Kids born after 1994 are suffering from much higher rates of anxiety disorders anddepression than did the previous generation．Besides，there is also a rise in the rate at which teenage girls are admitted to hospital for deliberately harming themselves．What can we do to change these trends？How can we raise kids strong enough to handle the ordinary and extraordinary challenges of life？We can't guarantee that giving primary school children more independence today will bring down the rate of teenage suicide tomorrow．The links between childhood overprotection and teenage mental illness are suggestive but not clear-cut．Yet there are good reasons to suspect that by depriving our naturally antifragile kids of the wide range of experiences they need to become strong，we are systematically preventing their growth．We should let go-and let them grow．12.Why does the author mention the immune system in Paragraph 2？______A. To stress its importance．B. To analyze the cause of anxiety．C. To question the latest discovery．D. To help understand a new word．13.Parents overprotect children because ______ ．A. they are concerned about their children's safetyB. they want to keep children from being teasedC. parent-monitored activities are a mustD. children are not independent enough14.According to the author，free play can ______ ．A. promote children's resilienceB. strengthen children's friendshipC. reduce children's risky behaviorD. develop children's leadership skills15.Which of the following does the author probably agree with？______A. Stop trying to perfect your child．B. It takes great courage to raise children．C. Prepare the child for the road，not the road for the child．D. While we try to teach our children all about life，our children teach us what life is allabout．二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Today's students are surrounded by information．The ability to figure out exactly why authors write-and not accept every opinion as fact-is a key skill．(1) The following strategies teach them how to figure out why authors really write．Start with why．"Why did the author write this piece？" is the key question asked to identify author's purpose．To help students expand their understanding of "why，" post various types of nonfiction （an advertisement，opinion article，news article，etc．）around your classroom and have students quickly identify a purpose for each．(2)Talk about structure．Authors use different structures for different purposes．For example，one author may use time order to explain an event，while another author uses compare and contrast to put that event into context．(3) Often when authors write，they're trying to get readers to feel a certain way．Perhaps the author of an article about whale conservation wants readers to feel sad about the difficult situation of whales．Or the author of a letter may want to make the recipient feel better about a situation．After students read a text，stop and ask：How do you feel？And how did the author get you to feel this way？Connect it to students' own writing．It doesn't have to be said that writing and reading go hand in hand．(4) When students are asked to write about a topic that they think everyoneshould know about，to explain a procedure or to share a personal memory，they'll become more conscious of how authors approach writing．Observe how purpose changes within a text．Author's purpose is often studied through the text as a whole，but authors have different reasons for writing within texts as well．(5) Then ，they may launch into a list of facts that make the reader feel discouraged about the situation．And finally，they may conclude with an appeal．Take a short article and break it apart，identifying the different purposes so that students see how author's purpose changes as they read．A．Get to the heart．B．Identify the topic．C．The readers may get more advanced in their work with informational text．D．For example，an author may include a funny anecdote （轶事）to draw the reader in．E．In particular，they'll need to figure out author's purpose and draw their own conclusions ．F．Expand students' awareness of why people write by having them write for different purposes．G．Or keep a running Author's Purpose board with a list of the various reasons that authors write．16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）We first met Tom and Gee in the early days of our marriage．Someone had been (21) our garbage cans to the garage each garbage day，and Jim and I had wondered (22)．Then one day we (23) him：an elderly man who lived across the street．I baked cookies and left them on a chair outside the garage (24) a thank-you note．When we got home from work that day，a typed letter had replaced the (25)．The letter was from Tom and explained how he had come to (26) the neighborhood on garbage day，returning cans for people he (27) knew．Back when he'd been fighting a war I wasn't alive to see，his young wife，Gee，had found herself living alone．Neighbors had taken the time to (28) her garbage cans so (29) didn't have to，and he (30) forgot．Now he paid it forward by doing the same for all of us．A few years after we'd moved in，Tom died．We photocopied that letter and (31) it to one of our own for Gee．We told her how (32) Tom had been to us，how sad we felt sorry for her，how thankful we were to have (33) him．She wrote back and told us she still talked to Tom every day．These days，we're planning a (34)．The house that seemed so huge six years ago is filled with furniture and books and toys and，of course，people．We know it's time to go，and (35) we can't seem to stick the For Sale sign up on the lawn．Gaining a third bedroom sometimes seems like an awful trade for all we stand to (36)．It's not just Gee．It's the man who lets our kids pick peaches off the tree in his front yard．It's the ladies who (37) Jim when their pool filter （过滤器）breaks and leave overflowing baskets for our kids on Easter．It's the police officer living directly across from us，who smiles and waves and makes me feel a little (38) when Jim is away．The moving boxes are still neatly packed in our basement，but Jim and I agree to (39) until January．Maybe before leaving I'll talk to Tom，just as Gee still does．Thank you，I'll say ，for teaching us what it means to be a (40)．21. A. lifting B. returning C. delivering D. fixing22. A. who B. what C. how D. why23. A. visited B. caught C. spotted D. followed24. A. in B. for C. to D. with25. A. gift B. chair C. garbage D. cake26. A. protect B. search C. walk D. greet27. A. only B. barely C. nearly D. surely28. A. handle B. change C. recycle D. open29. A. they B. we C. he D. she30. A. never B. always C. sometimes D. seldom31. A. wrapped B. connected C. attached D. exposed32. A. special B. hopeful C. powerful D. lucky33. A. contacted B. remembered C. known D. understood34. A. party B. trip C. meeting D. move35. A. also B. yet C. then D. therefore36. A. win B. lose C. fail D. save37. A. help B. treat C. charge D. call38. A. stronger B. happier C. safer D. firmer39. A. plan B. wait C. prepare D. talk40. A. husband B. friend C. couple D. neighbor四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41. A I often help my mom cook and baked chicken is my favorite thing to make．One day，when mom was sick，I tried to make the chicken all by myself．I washed the chicken and put it in a pan in the oven (1) （bake）．When the bell rang to tell me the chicken was done，I opened the oven door．Guess what？The chicken was not cooked! Istarted to laugh．I forgot to turn (2) the oven! Did you know what I did next？I (3) （order）pizza．Mom was happy I "cooked" by myself and we could eat the pizzatogether．B Chocolate was first used as a drink over 3，500 years ago in Central America．It wasvery popular with the Mayans and the Aztecs．In fact，cocoa beans were veryimportant to people there．That was (4) they were used as money．In the beginning，cocoa (5) （plant）in Ecuador，which was，for a long time，the world'snumber-one producer of cocoa beans．It is still one of the top (6) （producer）of the beans，but nowadays more than 70 per cent of cocoa beans come from West Africa．C Wallace's giant bee is the world's (7) （large）bee，with a body the size of ahuman thumb and wings that can spread to about 2.5 inches．That may sound (8) （frighten），but the bee isn't likely to hurt anyone．It uses its large jaws （嘴）tocollect a sticky goo，called resin，from trees．The bee (9) （make）its home in termite mounds （白蚁丘）found on trees，using the resin to protect its nest from the termites．Until recently，the bee had been seen by scientists only (10) （two），once in 1868 and again in 1981．五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共35.0分）42.你的英国朋友Jim对你们学校的学生社会实践活动非常感兴趣．他来信希望你介绍这方面的有关情况．请你给他回信，内容包括：1．学校有哪些社会实践活动；2．你最喜欢哪一类活动；3．喜欢的原因．注意： 1．词数不少于50；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．提示词：社会实践活动 extracurricular activityDear Jim，Yours，Li Hua43.假设你是红星中学高三年级学生李华．请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记录上周你制作以 "我眼中的改革开放40年"为主题的小报的全过程．注意：词数不少于60．提示词：改革开放四十年 40 years of China's reform and opening-up改革开放四十周年展览exhibition commemorating the 40th anniversary of China's reform and opening-up答案和解析1.【答案】略【解析】BCD4.【答案】略【解析】BBDC8.【答案】略【解析】CDAB12.【答案】略【解析】DAAC16.【答案】略【解析】=46．E 47．G 48．A 49．F 50．D21.【答案】略【解析】第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1．（5分），共30分）=11．B12．A13．C14．D 15．A=16．C17．B 18．A19．D20．A=21．C22．A 23．C 24．D 25．B=26．B27．D28．C29．B30．D41.【答案】略【解析】=1．to bake2．on3．ordered 4．why 5．was planted =6．producers 7．largest8．frightening 9．makes 10．twice42.【答案】第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节（15分）One possible version：Dear Jim，I'm happy to hear that you're interested in the extracurricular activities organized by our scho ol． Now， I'd like to give you more details．A variety of activities have been organized， such as visiting Capital Museum，taking a field trip to Qufu， Shandong， home of Confucius，planting trees in Mangshan Park and learning to bake a cake in a pastry shop，just to name a few．The activities mentioned above are quite popular with students．My favorite kind of activity is field trips．I went to Qufu in Senior One and Hangzhou in Senior Two．Both trips deeply impressed me． The reasons why I like field trips are as follows． First， field trips offer me a good chance to broaden my horizons． As the Chinese saying goes： "It is better to travel ten thousand miles than to read ten thousand books．" Not only can I learn from locals and my own experiences，but also I can see with my own eyes our beautiful country and splendid culture． Second， field trips improve my research skills． Before we take field trips，we are always asked to prepare by searching online or in the library for useful information． Third， field trips help strengthen friendships．Since many of the field trips last several days，it is a good opportunity to bond with classmates better outside the classroom．I really hope that you can go on a field trip with us in the future．YoursLi Hua【解析】略43.【答案】第二节（20分）One possible version：Last week I participated in a school activity about making a poster entitled "40 years of China 's reform and opening-up in my eyes"．On Friday evening， I was wondering what topic to choose for my poster．Many ideas popped into my head like "transportation"， "environment"，but I finally decided on "great changes in my home"．Immediately I turned to my parents for help． Hearing that，they took out some photo albums and began their talk．Mom told me about what our home looked like twenty years ago while dad showed me some photos taken at that time．It was the first time I had seen an old-fashioned electric fan and tape recorder．Seeing my curious expression，my parents suggested a visit the next day to the exhibition commemorating the 40th annivers ary of China's reform and opening-up．At the exhibition，we were amazed by the brilliant achievements made in the past four decades．In the daily life area， what attracted me most was the evolution of electric appliances，especially TV sets， from the clumsy small ones to the modern high-tech ones．Dad pointed at one TV， saying his family had a similar one when he was a kid．Considering these TVs could be used on my poster， I took some photos．With all the material collected， I got down to my poster，on which I wrote about the great changes in my home and also included some pictures．My home is just one example． I am sure lots of Chinese families resemble mine，benefiting from China's reform and opening-up． How proud I feel about the great changes!【解析】略。

2020年北京市西城区高三一模英语试题(含答案)

2020北京西城高三一模英语2020.4本试卷共11页，120分。

考试时长100分钟。

考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

AThe International Day of Families,which was started by the United Nations in1993,1(hold)on May15every year.The day celebrates the2(important)of families.It aims to deepen people’s understanding of issues3are related to families.With a different theme each year,the day is observed with a wide range of events that are organized at local,national and international4(level).BFor thousands of years,people have been trying to predict the weather.In China during the Shang Dynasty,people5(record)weather forecasts on animal bones and tortoise shells.Centuries later, 6Greece,the philosopher,Aristotle wrote his theories about how weather conditions formed.Weather forecasting advanced over time,with more and more instruments used to measure temperature,humidity and air pressure.Today,satellite data and computer technology help scientists predict the weather more7(precise).CLast year,China started testing5G mobile networks in several cities.The Hongkou District of Shanghai was the first to operate a5G network.To test the network,Wu Qing,vice mayor of Shanghai,made a phone call8(use) a Huawei MateX,Huawei’s first5G smartphone.According to The Telegraph,“5G is the innovation that9 (shape)all our lives for years to come.”It is10(fast)and more stable than4G,the previous generation of cellular(蜂窝状的)network technology.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2020年北京市西城区实验学校高三英语一模试题及参考答案

2020年北京市西城区实验学校高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALook at Some Greatest BookstoresAnother CountryKreuzberg, Berlin, Germany. Another Country is an English Language second hand bookshop which is mostly used as a library. They have about 20, 000 books that you can buy or borrow. Some regular events are held at the shop, such as readings, cultural events, social evenings and film nights.Atlantis BooksOia, Santorini, Greece. Atlantis Books is an independent bookshop on the island of Santorini, Greece. It was founded in 2004 by a group of friends from Cyprus, England, and the United States. Throughout the year it has hosted literary festivals, film screenings, book readings, and good old fashioned dance parties.Bart’s BooksOjai, California. U. S. A. “The World’s Greatest Outdoor Bookstore”, a bookstore founded by Richard Bartinsdale in 1964. Shelves of books face the street, and regular customers are asked to drop coins into the door’s coin box to pay for any books they take whenever the store is closed.Adrian Harringtonsince 1971. Rare books: rare first editions; leather bound sets and general antiquarian(古玩).Address: 64a Kensington Church Street, Kensington, London, England, UK.Corso Como BookshopMilan, Italy. Extensive selection of publication on art architecture, design graphics and fashion, along with a strong emphasis on photography. It was founded in 1990 in Milan, Italy, by Carla Sozzamil.The BookwormChina. A bookshop, library, bar, restaurant and event space, now with four divisions in three cities — Beijing, Suzhou and Chengdu. The interconnecting rooms with floor-to-ceiling books on every wall are light and airy in summer, yet warm and comfortable in winter.1.What can you do in Atlantis Books?A.Enjoy rare books.B.Attend a festival.C.Learn photography.D.Buy books anytime.2.Which bookstore has the longest history?A.Adrian Harrington.B.Atlantis Books.C.Bart’s Books.D.Corso Como Bookshop.3.How is The Bookworm different from the others?A.It is used as a library.B.It focuses on photography.C.It hosts all sorts of activities.D.It has branches in different cities.BMove over, helicopter parents. “Snowplow (扫雪机) parents” are the newest reflection of an intensive (强化的) parenting style that can include parents booking their adult children haircuts, texting their college kids to wake them up so they don’t sleep through a test, and even calling their kids’ employers.Helicopter parenting the practice of wandering anxiously near one’s children, monitoring their every activity, is so 20th century. Some rich mothers and fathers now are more like snowplows: machines moving ahead, clearing any difficulties in their children’s path to success, so they don’t have to suffer failure, frustration (挫折) or lose opportunities.It starts early, when parents get on wait lists for excellent preschools before their babies are born and try to make sure their kids never do anything that may frustrate them. It gets more intense when school starts: running forgotten homework to school or calling a coach to request that their children make the team.Rich parents may have more time and money to devote to making sure their children don’t ever meet with failure, but it’s not only rich parents practicing snowplow parenting. This intensive parenting has become the most welcome way to raise children, regardless of income, education, or race.Yes, it’s a parent’s job to support the children, and to use their adult wisdom to prepare for the future when their children aren’t mature enough to do so. That’s why parents hide certain toys from babies to avoid getting angry or take away a teenager’s car keys until he finishes his college applications.But snowplow parents can take it too far, some experts say. If children have never faced a difficulty, what happens when they get into the real world?“Solving problems, taking risks and overcoming frustration are key life skills,” many child development experts say, “and if parents don’t let their children experience failure, the children don’t acquire them.”4. What do we know about snowplow parenting?A. It appeared before helicopter parenting.B. It costs parents less than helicopter parenting.C. It was a typical phenomenon of the 20th century.D. It provides more than enough services for children.5. What is mainly discussed about snowplow parenting in Paragraph 4?A. Its cost.B. Its benefits.C. Its popularity.D. Its ending.6. Why does the author mention parents’ taking away car keys?A. To show teenagers are no better than babies.B. To advise teenagers not to treat their cars as toys.C. To advise parents not to buy cars for their teenagers.D. To show it’s appropriate to help children when necessary.7. What’s the possible result of snowplow parenting according to the experts?A. Children lacking problem-solving ability in reality.B. Children mastering more key life skills than parents.C. Children gaining great success in every aspect of life.D. Children meeting no problems or frustration after growing up.CScientists have made great discoveries. But how have they influenced our personal lives? Do kids in your classroom even know when Einstein lived? You may be wondering: but why is it important to teachkids about modern-day scientists?First, stories of scientists can encourage kids. Chris Hadfield is a Canadian who went to space, and he’s a real, guitar-playing person. He makes singing videos on YouTube! His story can make kids think scientists are also common people. Hearing scientists’ stories makes kids think “I can do that too!”But not only that, the stories of famous scientists can encourage kids to never give up. Bill Nye was always refused when trying to be an astronaut. But today, he’s made a lot of successes in his role as a popular science educator and engineer. Besides, it’s no secret that scientific discoveries require trying, and trying again.Another way some scientists can encourage kids is through their diversity. Neil deGrasse Tyson, for example, is an African-American, which is not common in his field. Such stories can make kids think anyone can be a scientist.It’s important to know that scientists don’t need to be “gifted” or “good” at school. Often we consider a scientist as being an extremely smart kid at school. That doesn’t have to be true. They just need to have a greatinterest in science. Telling students stories of scientists can encourage them to show interest in science. As long as they’re interested, they are likely to become a scientist in the future.Modern scientists teach kids that knowledge builds upon the foundation others have laid. This is important — no one can do it alone. Scientists’ stories can encourage today’s young scientists to keep trying. They’ll be encouraged not to give up on the dream of making discoveries. Even if they haven’t made important discoveries, their research may help the following scientists.8. What can Chris Hadfield’s story tell students?A. Scientists are interested in different things.B. Students should have a hobby of their own.C. Scientists can be ordinary like people around us.D. Students should consider scientists as their models.9. Which of the following would the author agree with?A. African-Americans are more likely to become scientists.B. Scientists are not necessarily very smart at school.C. Not all scientists really show interest in science.D. Scientists are usually good at their schooling.10. The last paragraph shows us that ________.A. scientists should help each otherB. a scientist should never give up tryingC. making discoveries is necessary for scientistsD. new scientific discoveries may be based on others’ findings11. What is the text mainly about?A. Why scientists are important to us.B. Why students should be taught about scientists.C. Why students love stories of scientists.D. Why scientists can encourage students.DNina Wygant, 11, sits in front of a long table in a classroom that looks more like a trendy coffee shop than an elementary school classroom. Some of her fifth-grade classmates at Hopewell Memorial Junior High School sit on high-top chairs at counters. Others choose to sit in club chairs or soft bean bags in comfortable. "I like it because itgives us an environment we like or need to settle down and read a book that we would like to concentrate on instead of having desks and being all quiet," said Vivian Garcia, 10. “You can just space out and have your own little area. I find it very amazing that you can pick your own books instead of being told what to read.”That’s the end goal, said teacher Heather Shadish. Reading has always been a passion for this English language arts and science teacher, a passion she instills（灌输）in her pupils. Back then, in her literature class in graduate school at Chatham University, a professor read aloud the first chapter ofBecause of Winn-Dixieby Kate DiCamillo, a Newbery Medalist. "That was the moment I knew I wanted to some day teach reading. There was a spark there. I just felt these are the kind of books I need to share with kids ---the books that are going to make them feel something and make them fall in love with reading instead of reading being achore.”But information in children's workbooks is limited, so they open tablets and connect to Epic - a digital library that's free to educators and librarians, but $7.99 a month for parents — giving kids unlimited access to approximately 35,000 books（both print and audio）, quizzes and videos to enhance learning.“Epic gives students access to information not found in a textbook and presents it in a more interesting way," she said.12. What does Vivian think of the reading experience?A. She favors club chairs and free discussion.B. She feels comfortable to be told what to read.C. She enjoys the environment and reading choice.D. She finds it easy to pick a book in a crowded area.13. What does the underlined word “chore" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Task.B. Process.C. Habit.D. Skill.14. What can children get from Epic?A. Free audio books.B. Tasks on reading levels.C. Advice from educators.D. Useful learning resources.15. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. A Teacher's New Reading MethodB. Pupils' love of Reading RoomC. Options of Teaching ReadingD. Easy Access to Digital Reading第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届北京市西城外国语学校高三英语一模试题及答案解析

2020届北京市西城外国语学校高三英语一模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABest Online Bachelor's ProgramsAn online college degree may appeal to those who want to take lasses while working full time. Choosing where to sign up online will likely be challenging, but below you'll find advice and other resources to make your search easier.•ArizonaStateUniversityASU relies upon cutting-edge technology and world-class educators to offer degree programs that fit into any lifestyle. Its courses employ advanced technology, such as our virtual labs, adaptive learning and virtual community, to provide real-world experiences to prepare graduates for their chosen industry.ADMISSION: 15,321TUITION: S413•UniversityofIllinoisUI is a top-ranked, diverse research institution and an approved SARA institution. For UTs degree completion programs, students transfer with an associate degree or 57-60 credits. All of the online classes arc recorded so students can access lecture material at their convenience.ADMISSION: 385TUITION: S462•UniversityofFloridaUF Online is a fully-online degree pathway giving students access to the same teachers in UF. Courses arc designed and taught by UF's well-known teachers. Students feel connected, frequently communicating with teachers and their fellow students.ADMISSION: 3,340TUITION: $500•OhioStateUniversityThe courses of OSU online bachelor's programs are all related to health science. The online programs are flexible providing students with the knowledge to enter professional medical practice or prepare them for moreadvanced roles in their fields.ADMISSION: 542TUITION: 56421. What's special aboutArizonaStateUniversity?A. It is an approved SARA institution.B. It provides the most expensive programs.C. It offers some technology-assisted courses.D. It admits fewer students than other universities.2. Which university’s, online programs favor medical students?A.ArizonaStateUniversity.B.UniversityofIllinois.C.UniversityofFlorida.D.OhioStateUniversity.3. What's the purpose of this passage?A. To advertise free online programs.B. To call on people to sign up online.C. To introduce some best online programs.D. To provide access to the best universities.BIt’s 13:30 and 28-year-old Marten Pella 's smart phone starts pinging, a signal that it’s time for us to stop working around his living room table and instead start our workout routine together. A cartoon character wearing bright red shorts on video begins instructing us to do star-jumps and sit-ups around his apartment.Pella, a research assistant at Stockholm University, is part of the Hoffice movement, which invites workers-freelancers（自由职业者）or full-time employees who can do their jobs remotely—to work at each other’s homes to increase productivity and enjoy an active social life.Those attending Hoffice events advertised on Facebook are typically asked to work silently in 45-minute blocks, before taking short breaks together to exercise, or simply chatting over a coffee. In addition, each participant shares daily objectives with the rest of the group upon arrival, and is invited to report back on whether or not they have achieved them at the end of the day.“Often when I am alone, I can work focused for a couple of hours but then I’m easily distracted（分心）.The help of others makes me so much more disciplined.” says Pella, who attends Hoffice events as both a guest and a host. Lunches mean networking and connecting with new contacts. “People are coming from really different areasand have different professions so there can be really interesting discussions,” he says.The Hoffice movement has grown quickly since it was founded in 2014 by Swedish psychologist Christofer Franzen, now 37. He had been giving lectures on the benefits of collective（集体的）intelligence, but realised he was spending most of his own time working alone at his kitchen table. “I wanted to test more structured home co-working with friends in similar situations,” he says.Franzen says that holding events in houses and apartments creates a unique atmosphere, because there’s a sense of community and desire to contribute. He’s looking for ways to expand the social value of Hoffice, by matching up members with relevant skills to share and even encouraging jobseekers to join its gatherings.4. Where is Pella when his smart phone starts pinging?A. In his own home.B. In his office.C. In another person’s home.D. At Stockholm University.5. What do people attending Hoffice events do first when they meet?A. Watch an exercise video.B. Work silently for 45 minutes.C. Tell each other their daily plans.D. Report what they have achieved.6. What does Franzen really mean by saying “friends in similar situations”?A. They usually work alone.B. They often give lectures.C. They study collective intelligence.D. They have to work at a kitchen table.7. What is the best title for the text?A. Sharing Comfortable WorkplacesB. A New Way to Make New FriendsC. Benefits of Collective IntelligenceD. Working from Others’ HomesCElizabeth Bishop is considered one of the best American poets of the 20th century. She was born in Worcester, Massachusetts in 1911. Her dad died when she was just a baby and her mom never recovered from the loss. She went to live with her grandparents in Nova Scotia, Canada when she was five. Eventually Bishop attended Vassar College, where she began to write poetry.At Vassar she discovered Marianne Moore's poetry and met Ms Moore and began their life-long friendship. She later met poet Robert Lowell. She wrote tons and tons of letters to both of them, which is good for us because we would otherwise know very little of her personal life.Bishop published her first book of poetry in 1946 and wrote until her death in 1979. She would spend years working on a single poem. Her poems are not the result of hasty scribbling (匆忙乱写) on paper while eating breakfast. She would look through drafts of poems again and again and improve them until they were as close to perfect as she could get them.Reading Elizabeth Bishop is like being transported to the very place, the very moment she's writing about. She leads us to a microscope so we can see every smallest part of the scene. It seems that she's always asking us to notice more, and more until the poem is so clear in our minds that it's almost painful—like a light that's too bright.8. What do we know about Bishop's early life?A. She was mainly brought up by her grandparents.B. She spent her childhood mainly in Worcester.C. She was always encouraged by her parents.D. She started to write poems at five.9. Why are Bishop's letters to Moore and Lowell important?A. They have a deep influence on other poets.B. They offer much information about her life.C. They help us study Moore and Lowell's poetry.D. They prove she had friendships with famous poets.10. What can we say about Bishop's poetic creation?A. She liked to write in the morning.B. She could write poems at high speed.C. She tried her best to achieve perfection.D. She published hundreds of books of poetry.11. Which word can be used to best describe the style of Bishop’s poems?A. Enthusiastic.B. Romantic.C. Humorous.D. Exact.DThe founder of Earth Day was Gaylord Nelson, a U.S. Senator fromWisconsin. During the late 1960s, Americans witnessed the uninvited side effects of high productivity. Factories and power plants were sending out smoke and industrial waste while Americans were using petrol for their massive(大量的) cars, making air pollution almostsynonymous withthe nation’s development.What moved Senator Nelson to action was the 1969 massive oil spill inCalifornia, the largest in theUnited Statesat that time. The spill proved to be an environmental nightmare as it had a significant effect on marine life, killing about 3,500 sea birds, as well as marine animals such as dolphins, elephant seals and sea lions, fueling public anger. Inspired by the student antiwar movement at that period of time, Nelson found it an appropriatetime to direct the energy of the students towards a fight for environmental protection. He decided that it was time to educate the Americans on the need to protect the environment. Thus Earth Day was born in 1970, and public environmentalawareness took centre stage.On 22ndApril 1970, millions of Americans took to the street and thousands of students marched to appeal for a healthy, sustainable environment. There was now a new synergy(协同作用) among different groups which had previously been fighting their causes related to the environment. Their fight for environmental conservation became so overwhelming that affected businesses were forced to follow environmental standards if they wanted to continue their operations.As it became more apparent that environmental issues were not just localized ones but a global concern, the year 1990 saw Earth Day reach out to many more around the world. Earth Day 1990 helped pave the way for the 1992 United Nations Earth Summit inRio de Janeiro, bringing together many nations for a united effort towards protecting the environment.12. Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “synonymous with” in paragraph 1?A. familiar withB. opposite toC. different fromD. equal to13. Why did Nelson found Earth Day?A. To support students’ antiwar movement.B. To draw people’s attention to the seriousness of the oil spill.C. To arouse American’s awareness of environmental conservation.D. To educate Americans to protect marine life threatened by oil spill events.14. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Businesses would like to follow environmental standards.B. Earth Day united people to fight for environmental protection.C. It was the side effects of high productivity that led Nelson to take action.D. The 1992 United Nations Earth Summit made Earth Day known to more countries.15. The passage mainly talks about_______.A. how Earth Day came into beingB. why Earth Day was so significantC. who the founder of Earth Day wasD. what Earth Day meantto the world第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

北京市西城区2020届高三下学期第一次模拟考试英语试题及答案

北京市西城区2020届高三第一次统一测试英语试题2020.4第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节语法填空（共10 小题；每小题1.5 分，共15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

AThe International Day of Families, which was started by the United Nations in 1993, 1 (hold) on May 15 every year. The day celebrates the 2 (important) of families. It aims to deepen people’s understanding of issues 3 are related to families. With a different theme each year, the day is observed with a wide range of events that are organized at local, national and international 4 (level).BFor thousands of years, people have been trying to predict the weather. In China during the Shang Dynasty, people 5 (record) weather forecasts on animal bones and tortoise shells. Centuries later, 6 Greece, the philosopher, Aristotle wrote his theories about how weather conditions formed. Weather forecasting advanced over time, with more and more instruments used to measure temperature, humidity and air pressure. Today, satellite data and computer technology help scientists predict the weather more 7 (precise).CLast year, China started testing 5G mobile networks in several cities. The Hongkou District of Shanghai was the first to operate a 5G network. To test the network, Wu Qing, vice mayor of Shanghai, made a phone call 8 (use) a Huawei MateX, Huawei’s first 5G smartphone. According to The Telegraph, “5G is the innovation that 9 (shape) all our lives for year s to come.” It is 10 (fast) and more stable than 4G, the previous generation of cellular ( 蜂窝状的) network technology.第二节完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5 分，共30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2020西城高考英语一模试卷

西城区高三统一测试英语2020.4 本试卷共11 页，120 分。

考试时长100 分钟。

考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

AThe International Day of Families, which was started by the United Nations in 1993, 1 (hold) on May 15 every year. The day celebrates the 2 (important) of families. It aims to deepen people’s understanding of issues 3 are related to families. With a different theme each year, the day is observed with a wide range of events that are organized at local, national and international 4 (level).BFor thousands of years, people have been trying to predict the weather. In China during the Shang Dynasty, people 5 (record) weather forecasts on animal bones and tortoise shells. Centuries later, 6 Greece, the philosopher, Aristotle wrote his theories about how weather conditions formed. Weather forecasting advanced over time, with more and more instruments used to measure temperature, humidity and air pressure. Today, satellite data and computer technology help scientists predict the weather more 7 (precise).CLast year, China started testing 5G mobile networks in several cities. The Hongkou District of Shanghai was the first to operate a 5G network. To test the network, Wu Qing, vice mayor of Shanghai, made a phone call 8 (use) a Huawei MateX, Huawei’s first 5G smartphone. According to The Telegraph, “5G is the innovation that 9 (shape) all our lives for years to come.” It is 10 (fast) and more stable than 4G, the previous generation of cellular ( 蜂窝状的) network technology.第二节完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

202004西城一模英语答案

西城区高三统一测试英语参考答案2020.4第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）1．is held2．importance3．that/which4．levels5．recorded 6．in7．precisely8．using9．will shape10．faster第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）11．A12．B13．A14．C15．D16．C17．A18．A19．C20．B21．A22．B23．D24．D25．B26．B27．C28．D29．C30．D第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）31．D32．C33．B34．B35．A36．D37．B38．C39．A40．C41．D42．C43．B44．A45．D第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）46．B47．F48．G49．E50．C第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节（15分）一、评分原则：1．本题总分为15分，按4个档次给分。

2．评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。

3．评分时应考虑：内容是否完整，条理是否清楚，交际是否得体，语言是否准确。

4．拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。

英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。

5．词数少于50，从总分中减去1分。

二、各档次的给分范围和要求：第一档(13分~15分)完全完成了试题规定的任务。

·内容完整，条理清楚；北京市西城区2020年4月高三英语参考答案第1页（共4页）·交际得体，表达时充分考虑到了交际的需求；体现出较强的语言运用能力。

完全达到了预期的写作目的。

第二档(9分~12分)基本完成了试题规定的任务。

·内容、条理和交际等方面基本符合要求；·所用语法和词汇满足了任务的要求；·语法和用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。

2024北京西城区高三一模英语试题及答案

2024北京西城高三一模英语第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

When Susan was a high school senior, her English teacher Mr. DiMeo gave the class a challenging task: Recite a poem in front of the whole class."I had a mild stutter（结巴）. I'd be 1 to get a word out that might begin with 'D'or 'TH', or I might say 'the' three times, " Susan said. The thought of getting up in front of her classmates and stuttering through the poem was too much to 2 .Susan went home and 3 how scared she was to her mom, who agreed to write a note asking for her to be 4 from doing the task in front of the whole class.When the day of the recitation came, Susan recited the poem one-on-one to Mr. DiMeo. 5 she was done, Mr. DiMeo said something she'd never heard before: that he liked listening to her voice. For the first time, she considered the possibility that public speaking didn't have to be a source of 6 .Susan went on to graduate from high school and go to college. She never got to properly thank Mr. DiMeo. But sometime after college, she 7 a job as a corporate trainer. The new position made her realize how big a（n） 8 he had had on her confidence."I stand up in front of people and speak, and I do it all the time. If I do stutter once in a while, no big deal, " she said. Susan recently found a way to 9 her former teacher, and plans on sending him a letter expressing her appreciation.In her mind, Mr. DiMeo is an unsung hero, because he's a big reason why she has a successful career and life. "I don't know where I would've gone if I felt like I had to keep my voice 10 because I was afraid of embarrassing myself. I'd like to thank him for that kindness. "1. A. continuing B. struggling C. pretending D. hoping2. A. share B. express C. find D. bear3. A. taught B. proved C. revealed D. promised4. A. excused B. prohibited C. corrected D. discouraged5. A. While B. Although C. Unless D. Once6. A. jealousy B. worry C. boredom D. loneliness7. A. wanted B. offered C. landed D. created8. A. impact B. idea C. choice D. stress9. A. judge B. contact C. study D. interview10. A. sweet B. loud C. quiet D. deep第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

2020北京西城区高三英语一模考试试题详细解析

2020西城高三英语一模试题解析本试卷共11页，120分。

考试时长100分钟。

考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

文章介绍了国际家庭日。

【1题详解】考查时态和语态。

解析：句意：国际家庭日于1993年由联合国发起，每年5月15日举行。

根据every year可知时态是一般现在时，且主语是The International Day of Families，因此此处要用被动语态。

故填is held。

【本题考查时态语态；提示词 hold 为动词，句子中，除去定语从句外，主语是the International Day of Families，且除去提示词外无谓语动词，因此考查时态语态。

2020届北京市西城区高考英语一模试卷含答案

高考英语一模试卷题号I II III IV V 总分得分一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AAmsterdam Destination GuideAmsterdam is one of the most popular travel destinations in the world，famous for its beautiful canals，top art museums，cycling culture and so on．It is the capital and most populous city in the Netherlands and often referred to as the "Venice of the North" because of its expansive system of bridges and canals．Here are some of the key points to remember as you plan your trip to Amsterdam．Boom Season Population Language（s） Currency JanuaryClimateJulyClimateMay to October 813，562 Dutch Euro Averagehigh：5.8°CAveragehigh：22.0°CMust-See AttractionsMost visitors begin their Amsterdam adventure in the Old Centre，which is full of traditional architecture，shopping centers，and coffee shops．You'll also want to check out Amsterdam's Museum Quarter in the South District，which is great for shopping at the Albert Cuyp Market and having a picnic in the Vondelpark．The top museums to visit there are the Rijksmusuem，the Ann Frank House，and the Van Gogh Museum．If You Have TimeThere are several other unique districts in Amsterdam，and you should try to explore as many of them as time allows．The Canal Ring is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that was originally built to attract wealthy home owners and is a center for celebrity spotting and nightlife today．The Plantage area has most of the city's museums，including the Jewish Historical Museum，the Scheepvaart Museum，and the botanical gardens．Money Saving TipsUnless you really want to see the tulips （郁金香）blooming，avoid booking between mid-March and mid-May．This is when hotel and flight prices rise．Look for accommodations in Amsterdam's South District，where rates are generally cheaper than in the city center．Buy train tickets at the machine instead of the counter to save a bit of money．Instead of hiring a tour guide，hop on a canal boat．They're inexpensive and will give you a unique point of view of the city．Check out our homepage to view price comparisons for flights，hotels，and rental cars before you book．1.What can be learned about Amsterdam from this passage？______A. Amsterdam is called the "Venice of the North" because of its location．B. The Van Gogh Museum lies in Amsterdam's Museum Quarter．C. The Old Centre is a UNESCO World Heritage Site．D. The Canal Ring is a place to attract garden lovers．2.In order to save money in Amsterdam，you can ______ ．A. arrange a guided canal tourB. buy train tickets at the counterC. reserve a hotel in the South DistrictD. book flights between mid-March and mid-May3.Where is the passage most probably taken from？______A. A magazine．B. An essay．C. A report．D. A website．BThree months after Hurricane Katrina in 2005，Rebecca Sell，then 24，a photojournalist for Fredericksburg photographed a New Orleans couple worriedly examining water-spotted photo albums．As she took the photo，something within her clicked．"I told them I could take the ruined pictures，copy them and give them digitally restored （修复）photos，" she recalls．Although a bit sceptical，the couple agreed．Rebecca took their photos home，restored them and took them to the couple at their temporary home．"It felt so good to be able to do that for them，" says Rebecca．When her editor，Dave Ellis，saw the photo of the couple，he suggested they go back and restore damaged photos for even more people．So in January 2006，with paid time off from the paper，the two set up shop in Pass Christian．After posting a notice in the community newsletter，Rebecca and Dave received 500 photos in four days．For each，the pair took a new digital picture，then used high-tech software to erase water spots and restore colors．It just so happened that a popular website linked to Dave's blog about the experience，and soon Operation Photo Rescue，as it came to be known，had emails from hundreds of volunteers，including photographers and restoration experts，eager to help．Though digital restoration is a painstaking process，mending irreplaceable family pictures means the world to victims like Emily Lancaster，71，who took out piles of ruined photo albums after Katrina，never thinking the mess could be saved．But she just couldn't bear to part with a few treasured pictures，including a portrait of her father，who had passed away，and a photo of her husband as a boy．Then she heard about Operation Photo Rescue．"I didn't have a whole lot of hope they could fix them，but they did，" Emily says．"Almost every day I think about all the pictures I've lost．I'm so happy to have these two．"In the five years since Katrina，Operation Photo Rescue has collected thousands of pictures ruined by floods，hurricanes and tornadoes．Volunteers make "copy runs" to disaster areas across the country to gather damaged photos from survivors；operating costs are covered by donations．"It's great to be able to give people some of their history back，" says Rebecca．"One person told me that thanks to us，her grandmother got to see her photos again before she passed away．Moments like that remind me why I do this．"4.When Rebecca took the picture of the New Orleans couple，she decided to ______ ．A. take them to their temporary homeB. help with their damaged photosC. set up shop in Pass ChristianD. cover Hurricane Katrina5.From Paragraph 2，we know that Dave and Rebecca ______ ．A. quit their jobs in 2006B. inspired volunteers to join themC. spent four days mending the photosD. made their work known in their newspaper6.How did Emily Lancaster feel when she first heard about Operation Photo Rescue？______A. Excited．B. Hopeless．C. Satisfied．D. Sceptical．7.What is the best title for the passage______A. Surviving HurricanesB. An Act of GenerosityC. Saving MemoriesD. A Lucky CoupleCLike many other people who speak more than one language，I often have the sense that I'm a slightly different person in each of my languages-more confident in English，more relaxed in French，more emotional in Czech．Is it possible that，along with these differences，my moral compass （指南针）also points in somewhat different directions depending on the language I'm using at the time？Psychologists who study moral judgments have become very interested in this question．The findings of several recent studies suggest that when people are faced with moral dilemmas （困境），they do indeed respond differently when considering them in a foreign language than when using their native tongue．In a 2014 paper led by Albert Costa，volunteers were presented with a moral dilemma known as the "trolley problem"：imagine that a runaway trolley is moving quickly toward a group of five people standing on the tracks，unable to move．You are next to a switch that can move the trolley to a different set of tracks，therefore sparing the five people，but resulting in the death of one who is standing on the side tracks．Do you pull the switch？Most people agree that they would．But what if the only way to stop the trolley is by pushing a large stranger off a footbridge into its path People tend to be very hesitant to say they would do this，even though in both situations，one person is sacrificed to save five．But Costa and his colleagues found that presenting the dilemma in a language that volunteers had learned as a foreign tongue dramatically increased their stated willingness to push the sacrificial person off the footbridge，from fewer than 20% of respondents working in their native language to about 50% of those using the foreign one．Why does it matter whether we judge morality in our native language or a foreign one？According to one explanation，such judgments involve two separate and competing ways of thinking-one of these，a quick，natural "feeling，" and the other，careful deliberation about the greatest good for the greatest number．When we use a foreign language，we unconsciously sink into the more careful way simply because the effort of operating in ournon-native language signals our cognitive （认知的）system to prepare for difficult activity．An alternative explanation is that differences arise between native and foreign tongues because our childhood languages are filled with greater emotions than are those learned in more academic settings．As a result，moral judgments made in a foreign language are less filled with the emotional reactions that surface when we use a language learned in childhood．There's strong evidence that memory connects a language with the experiences and interactions through which that language was learned．For example，people who are bilingual （双语的）are more likely to recall an experience if reminded in the language in which that event occurred．Our childhood languages，learned in the middle of passionate emotion，become filled with deep feeling．By comparison，languages acquired late in life，especially if theyare learned through limited interactions in the classroom or dully delivered over computer screens and headphones，enter our minds lacking the emotionality that is present for their native speakers．8.What does "this question" in Paragraph 2 refer to？A. What contributes to one's language improvements______B. Is it necessary to learn more than one foreign language？C. Does the language one uses influence one's moral judgmentsD. How do people deal with moral dilemmas in a foreign language？9.When the "trolley problem" was presented in a foreign language，volunteers were morelikely to ______ ．A. care less about the five peopleB. pull the switch to the side tracksC. remain hesitant about what to doD. sacrifice the stranger on the footbridge10.The underlined word in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ______ ．A. considerationB. guidanceC. selectionD. arrangement11.What can we learn from the last two paragraphs？______A. Bilingual people are less emotional than others．B. Native language learning involves greater emotions．C. Childhood memories limit foreign language learning．D. Academic settings promote foreign language learning．DWe talk continuously about how to make children more "resilient （有恢复力的）"，but whatever we're doing，it's not working．Rates of anxiety disorders and depression are rising rapidly among teenagers．What are we doing wrong？Nassim Taleb invented the word "antifragile" and used it to describe a small but very important class of systems that gain from shocks，challenges，and disorder．The immune （免疫的）system is one of them：it requires exposure to certain kinds of bacteria and potential allergens （过敏原）in childhood in order to develop to its full ability．Children's social and emotional abilities are as antifragile as their immune systems．If we overprotect kids and keep them "safe" from unpleasant social situations and negative emotions，we deprive （剥夺）them of the challenges and opportunities for skill-building they need to grow strong．Such children are likely to suffer more when exposed later to other unpleasant but ordinary life events，such as teasing and social rejection．It's not the kids' fault．In the UK，as in the US，parents became much more fearful in the 1980s and 1990s as cable TV and later the Internet exposed everyone，more and more，to those rare occurrences of crimes and accidents that now occur less and less．Outdoor play and independent mobility went down；screen time and adult-monitored activities went up．Yet free play in which kids work out their own rules of engagement，take small risks，and learn to master small dangers turns out to be vital for the development of adult social and even physical competence．Depriving them of free play prevents their social-emotional growth．Norwegian play researchers Ellen Sandseter and Leif Kennair warned："We may observe an increased anxiety or mental disorders in society if children are forbidden from participating in age adequate risky play．"They wrote those words in 2011．Over the following few years，their prediction came true．Kids born after 1994 are suffering from much higher rates of anxiety disorders and depression than did the previous generation．Besides，there is also a rise in the rate at whichteenage girls are admitted to hospital for deliberately harming themselves．What can we do to change these trends？How can we raise kids strong enough to handle the ordinary and extraordinary challenges of life We can't guarantee that giving primary school children more independence today will bring down the rate of teenage suicide tomorrow．The links between childhood overprotection and teenage mental illness are suggestive but notclear-cut．Yet there are good reasons to suspect that by depriving our naturally antifragile kids of the wide range of experiences they need to become strong，we are systematically preventing their growth．We should let go-and let them grow．12.Why does the author mention the immune system in Paragraph 2？______A. To stress its importance．B. To analyze the cause of anxiety．C. To question the latest discovery．D. To help understand a new word．13.Parents overprotect children because ______ ．A. they are concerned about their children's safetyB. they want to keep children from being teasedC. parent-monitored activities are a mustD. children are not independent enough14.According to the author，free play can ______ ．A. promote children's resilienceB. strengthen children's friendshipC. reduce children's risky behaviorD. develop children's leadership skills15.Which of the following does the author probably agree with？______A. Stop trying to perfect your child．B. It takes great courage to raise children．C. Prepare the child for the road，not the road for the child．D. While we try to teach our children all about life，our children teach us what life is allabout．二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Today's students are surrounded by information．The ability to figure out exactly why authors write-and not accept every opinion as fact-is a key skill．(1) The following strategies teach them how to figure out why authors really write．Start with why．"Why did the author write this piece？" is the key question asked to identify author's purpose．To help students expand their understanding of "why，" post various types of nonfiction （an advertisement，opinion article，news article，etc．）around your classroom and have students quickly identify a purpose for each．(2)Talk about structure．Authors use different structures for different purposes．For example，one author may use time order to explain an event，while another author uses compare and contrast to put that event into context．(3) Often when authors write，they're trying to get readers to feel a certain way．Perhaps the author of an article about whale conservation wants readers to feel sad about the difficult situation of whales．Or the author of a letter may want to make the recipient feel better about a situation．After students read a text，stop and ask：How do you feel？And how did the author get you to feel this wayConnect it to students' own writing．It doesn't have to be said that writing and reading go hand in hand．(4) When students are asked to write about a topic that they think everyone should know about，to explain a procedure or to share a personal memory，they'll become moreconscious of how authors approach writing．Observe how purpose changes within a text．Author's purpose is often studied through the text as a whole，but authors have different reasons for writing within texts as well．(5) Then，they may launch into a list of facts that make the reader feel discouraged about the situation．And finally，they may conclude with an appeal．Take a short article and break it apart，identifying the different purposes so that students see how author's purpose changes as they read．A．Get to the heart．B．Identify the topic．C．The readers may get more advanced in their work with informational text．D．For example，an author may include a funny anecdote （轶事）to draw the reader in．E．In particular，they'll need to figure out author's purpose and draw their own conclusions．F．Expand students' awareness of why people write by having them write for different purposes．G．Or keep a running Author's Purpose board with a list of the various reasons that authors write．16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）We first met Tom and Gee in the early days of our marriage．Someone had been (21) our garbage cans to the garage each garbage day，and Jim and I had wondered (22)．Then one day we (23) him：an elderly man who lived across the street．I baked cookies and left them on a chair outside the garage (24) a thank-you note．When we got home from work that day， a typed letter had replaced the (25)．The letter was from Tom and explained how he had come to (26) the neighborhood on garbage day，returning cans for people he (27) knew．Back when he'd been fighting a war I wasn't alive to see，his young wife，Gee，had found herself living alone．Neighbors had taken the time to (28) her garbage cans so (29) didn't have to，and he (30) forgot．Now he paid it forward by doing the same for all of us．A few years after we'd moved in，Tom died．We photocopied that letter and (31) it to one of our own for Gee．We told her how (32) Tom had been to us，how sad we felt sorry for her，how thankful we were to have (33) him．She wrote back and told us she still talked to Tom every day．These days，we're planning a (34)．The house that seemed so huge six years ago is filled with furniture and books and toys and，of course，people．We know it's time to go，and (35) we can't seem to stick the For Sale sign up on the lawn．Gaining a third bedroom sometimes seems like an awful trade for all we stand to (36)．It's not just Gee．It's the man who lets our kids pick peaches off the tree in his front yard．It's the ladies who (37) Jim when their pool filter （过滤器）breaks and leave overflowing baskets for our kids on Easter．It's the police officer living directly across from us，who smiles andwaves and makes me feel a little (38) when Jim is away．The moving boxes are still neatly packed in our basement，but Jim and I agree to (39) until January．Maybe before leaving I'll talk to Tom，just as Gee still does．Thank you，I'll say，for teaching us what it means to be a (40)．21. A. lifting B. returning C. delivering D. fixing22. A. who B. what C. how D. why23. A. visited B. caught C. spotted D. followed24. A. in B. for C. to D. with25. A. gift B. chair C. garbage D. cake26. A. protect B. search C. walk D. greet27. A. only B. barely C. nearly D. surely28. A. handle B. change C. recycle D. open29. A. they B. we C. he D. she30. A. never B. always C. sometimes D. seldom31. A. wrapped B. connected C. attached D. exposed32. A. special B. hopeful C. powerful D. lucky33. A. contacted B. remembered C. known D. understood34. A. party B. trip C. meeting D. move35. A. also B. yet C. then D. therefore36. A. win B. lose C. fail D. save37. A. help B. treat C. charge D. call38. A. stronger B. happier C. safer D. firmer39. A. plan B. wait C. prepare D. talk40. A. husband B. friend C. couple D. neighbor四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41. A I often help my mom cook and baked chicken is my favorite thing to make．One day，when mom was sick，I tried to make the chicken all by myself．I washed the chicken and put it in a pan in the oven (1) （bake）．When the bell rang to tell me the chicken was done，I opened the oven door．Guess what？The chicken was not cooked! I started to laugh．I forgot to turn (2) the oven! Did you know what I did next？I (3) （order）pizza．Mom was happy I "cooked" by myself and we could eat the pizza together．B Chocolate was first used as a drink over 3，500 years ago in Central America．It wasvery popular with the Mayans and the Aztecs．In fact，cocoa beans were very important to people there．That was (4) they were used as money．In the beginning，cocoa (5) （plant）in Ecuador，which was，for a long time，the world's number-one producer of cocoa beans．It is still one of the top (6) （producer）of the beans，but nowadays more than 70 per cent of cocoa beans come from West Africa．C Wallace's giant bee is the world's (7) （large）bee，with a body the size of a humanthumb and wings that can spread to about 2.5 inches．That may sound (8) （frighten），but the bee isn't likely to hurt anyone．It uses its large jaws （嘴）to collect a sticky goo，called resin，from trees．The bee (9) （make）its home in termite mounds （白蚁丘）found on trees，using the resin to protect its nest from the termites．Until recently，the bee had been seen by scientists only (10) （two），once in 1868 and again in 1981．五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共35.0分）42.你的英国朋友Jim对你们学校的学生社会实践活动非常感兴趣．他来信希望你介绍这方面的有关情况．请你给他回信，内容包括：1．学校有哪些社会实践活动；2．你最喜欢哪一类活动；3．喜欢的原因．注意： 1．词数不少于50；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．提示词：社会实践活动 extracurricular activityDear Jim，Yours，Li Hua43.假设你是红星中学高三年级学生李华．请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记录上周你制作以 "我眼中的改革开放40年"为主题的小报的全过程．注意：词数不少于60．提示词：改革开放四十年 40 years of China's reform and opening-up改革开放四十周年展览exhibition commemorating the 40th anniversary of China's reform and opening-up答案和解析1.【答案】略【解析】BCD4.【答案】略【解析】BBDC8.【答案】略【解析】CDAB12.【答案】略【解析】DAAC16.【答案】略【解析】=46．E 47．G 48．A 49．F 50．D21.【答案】略【解析】第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1．（5分），共30分）=11．B12．A13．C14．D 15．A=16．C17．B 18．A19．D20．A=21．C22．A 23．C 24．D 25．B=26．B27．D28．C29．B30．D41.【答案】略【解析】=1．to bake2．on3．ordered 4．why 5．was planted =6．producers 7．largest8．frightening 9．makes 10．twice42.【答案】第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节（15分）One possible version：Dear Jim，I'm happy to hear that you're interested in the extracurricular activities organized by our scho ol． Now， I'd like to give you more details．A variety of activities have been organized， such as visiting Capital Museum， taking a fiel d trip to Qufu， Shandong， home of Confucius， planting trees in Mangshan Park and lear ning to bake a cake in a pastry shop， just to name a few．The activities mentioned above are quite popular with students． My favorite kind of activity is field trips． I went to Qufu in Senior One and Hangzhou in Senior Two． Both trips deepl y impressed me． The reasons why I like field trips are as follows． First， field trips offer me a good chance to broaden my horizons． As the Chinese saying goes： "It is better to tra vel ten thousand miles than to read ten thousand books．" Not only can I learn from locals an d my own experiences， but also I can see with my own eyes our beautiful country and splen did culture． Second， field trips improve my research skills． Before we take field trips，we are always asked to prepare by searching online or in the library for useful information．Third， field trips help strengthen friendships． Since many of the field trips last several days， it is a good opportunity to bond with classmates better outside the classroom．I really hope that you can go on a field trip with us in the future．YoursLi Hua【解析】略43.【答案】第二节（20分）One possible version：Last week I participated in a school activity about making a poster entitled "40 years of China's reform and opening-up in my eyes"．On Friday evening， I was wondering what topic to choose for my poster． Many ideas pop ped into my head like "transportation"， "environment"， but I finally decided on "great cha nges in my home"． Immediately I turned to my parents for help． Hearing that， they took out some photo albums and began their talk． Mom told me about what our home looked like twenty years ago while dad showed me some photos taken at that time． It was the first time I had seen an old-fashioned electric fan and tape recorder． Seeing my curious expression，my parents suggested a visit the next day to the exhibition commemorating the 40th anniversa ry of China's reform and opening-up．At the exhibition， we were amazed by the brilliant achievements made in the past four deca des． In the daily life area， what attracted me most was the evolution of electric appliances ， especially TV sets， from the clumsy small ones to the modern high-tech ones． Dad poi nted at one TV， saying his family had a similar one when he was a kid． Considering these TVs could be used on my poster， I took some photos． With all the material collected， I g ot down to my poster， on which I wrote about the great changes in my home and also includ ed some pictures．My home is just one example． I am sure lots of Chinese families resemble mine， benefitin g from China's reform and opening-up． How proud I feel about the great changes!【解析】略。

2020年高考一模英语试题及参考答案(英语)

2020北京西城高三一模英语2020.4本试卷共11页，120分。

考试时长100分钟。

考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

北京市西城区2020届高三4月统一测试英语试题+Word版含解析

西城区高三统一测试英语试题本试卷共11页，120分。

考试时长100分钟。

考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

The International Day of Families, which was started by the United Nations in 1993, ___1___ (hold) on May 15 every year. The day celebrates the ___2___ (important) of families. It aims to deepen people’s understanding of issue ___3___are related to families. With a different theme each year, the day is observed with a wide range of events that are organized at local, national and international ___4___ (level).【答案】1. is held2. importance3. that/which4. levels【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了国际家庭日。

【1题详解】考查时态和语态。

句意：国际家庭日于1993年由联合国发起，每年5月15日举行。

根据every year可知时态是一般现在时，且主语是The International Day of Families，因此此处要用被动语态。

故填is held。

【2题详解】考查名词。

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2020北京西城高三一模英语 2020.4本试卷共 11 页，120 分。

考试时长 100 分钟。

考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

AThe International Day of Families, which was started by the United Nations in 1993, 1 (hold) on May 15 every year. The day celebrates the 2 (important) of families. It aims to deepen people’s understanding ofissues 3 are related to families. With a different theme each year, the day is observed with a widerange of events that are organized at local, national and international 4 (level).BFor thousands of years, people have been trying to predict the weather. In China during the Shang Dynasty, people 5 (record) weather forecasts on animal bones and tortoise shells. Centuries later, 6 Greece, the philosopher, Aristotle wrote his theories about how weather conditions formed. Weather forecasting advanced over time, with more and more instruments used to measure temperature, humidity and air pressure. Today, satellite data and computer technology help scientists predict the weather more 7 (precise).CLast year, China started testing 5G mobile networks in several cities. The Hongkou District of Shanghai was the first to operate a 5G network. To test the network, Wu Qing, vice mayor of Shanghai, made a phone call 8 (use)a Huawei MateX, Huawei’s first 5G smartphone. According to The Telegraph, “5G is the innovation that 9 (shape) all our lives for years to come.” It is 10 (fast) and more stable than 4G, the previous generation of cellular ( 蜂窝状的) network technology.第二节完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

It was late, about 10:15 p.m., when Janice Esposito arrived at the Bellport train station; she jumped into her Honda Odyssey and began the 20-minute drive home to her husband and seven-year-old son. She’d just returned from visiting her mother and had traveled the route many times before. She practically 11 on autopilot: a left onto Station Road, then a left on Montauk Highway, and then—wham! Out of nowherea car T-boned Esposito’s minivan, 12 her to move backward some 100 feet onto the railroad tracks. She13 in the minivan, bruised ( 撞伤 ) but mostly just knocked out by the 14 and the airbags.As it happened, Pete DiPinto was getting ready for 15 . He’d just closed his book and was getting under the covers when he heard the sound of metal on metal and breaking glass coming from not far outside his bedroom window. A volunteer 16 and retired teacher, DiPinto, 64, never 17 to think. He grabbed a flashlight and, still dressed in his pajamas (睡衣), ran out the door. “Any firefighter would have done what I did,” he told Newsday. “We’re always on 18 .”The first car he came upon, 2,000 feet from his front yard, was the one that had 19 Esposito. Once DiPinto concluded the driver was OK, he looked around and 20 Esposito’s minivan positionedon the the railroad tracks. And then he heard a terrible sound: the bells signaling an oncoming 21 .“The gates were starting to come down,” he told Newsday. “I see the headlight of the train.” DiPinto ran quickly to Esposito’s minivan and knocked on the driver’s side window. She 22 looked at him, her eyes unfocused. “I don’t know where I am,” she said. She seemed unhurt. “Honey, you’re on the railroad 23 ,” DiPinto shouted. “We have to get you off right now!” He pulled hard on the 24 , but the door was crashed in and 25 . The heavy diesel train, traveling at 65 miles per hour, was moving fast toward them. DiPinto ran to the passenger side and threw open the 26 . “Please, don’t let her be 27 ,” he thought. He pushed aside the deflating ( 瘪了的) airbags, grabbed Esposito’s arms, and 28 her toward him across the passenger seat until he could help her out and quickly get her to 29 behind a signal box a few feet away. Within six seconds, he estimated, the train crashed into the minivan. “It was like a Hollywood movie,” DiPinto told reporters the next day.But this one had a twist. “Last night,” South Country Ambulance chief Greg Miglino toldCBS New York, “the 30 arrived in pajamas, not in a fire truck.”11. A. drove B. walked C. rode D. hiked12. A. allowing B. forcing C. ordering D. reminding13. A. sat B. stood C. hid D. waited14. A. action B. noise C. impact D. bomb15. A. class B. work C. dinner D. bed16. A. doctor B. driver C. firefighter D. engineer17 A. stopped B. troubled C. intended D. wanted18. A. duty B. time C. target D. schedule19. A. warned B. caught C. hit D. followed20. A. observed B. spotted C. realized D. predicted21. A. train B. truck C. car D.ambulance22. A. yet B. just C. still D. even23. A. yards B. stations C. bridges D. tracks24. A. belt B. key C. bell D. handle25. A. unlocked B. jammed C. open D. gone26. A. bag B. door C. book D. box27. A. scared B. ignored C. trapped D. defeated28. A. carried B. rushed C. guided D. pulled29. A. return B. work C. safety D. life30. A. police B. actor C. reporter D. hero第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

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