英语语法误用辨析

英语语法误用辨析

代词误用辨析

1.中文：伦敦的夏天比我家乡的夏天更热。

(误)London is much hotter in summer than my hometown.

(正)It is much hotter in London in summer than in my hometown.（用it代表气候，天气等。）

2.中文：他的书跟我的很不一样。

(误)His book is quite different from me.

(正)His book is quite different from mine.（mine = my book，应保持比较的双方性质的一致。）

3.中文：我有件重要的事告诉你。

(误)I have important something to tell you.

(正)I have something important to tell you.（修饰something，nothing，anything等不定代词时，形容词应放在其后。）

4.中文：每个学生都应该做他自己的功课。

(误)Every student should do their own homework.

(正)Every student should do his own homework.（every student是单数，其后的代词也用单数。）

5.中文：我喜欢收到别人的来信，但不愿意写信。

(误)I like to receive letters but do not like to write it.

(正)I like to receive letters but do not like to write them.（代词的人称与数应与它代替的名词相同。）

6.中文：孩子们和他都还没有吃晚餐。

(误)Neither the children nor he has ever eaten their supper.

(正)Neither the children nor he has ever eaten his supper.（neither...nor 是对等相关连词，nor后面的主语决定后面的谓语动词及代词的形式。）

7.中文：布朗太太向她的朋友玛丽和我打招呼。

(误)Mrs. Brown said hello to her friends, Mary and I.

(正)Mrs. Brown said hello to her friends, Mary and me.（Mary and me是宾语friends的同位语，因此用宾格形式。）

8.中文：我的两个姊姊都不在这。

(误)None of my two sisters is here.

(正)Neither of my two sisters is here.（neither用于两者的否定；none用于三者以上的否定。）

9.中文：他认识我的两个姊姊。

(误)He knows my both sisters.

(正)He knows both my sisters.（both用在the，his，my等修饰语之前。）10.中文：这本书的价格是多少？

(误)How much is the price of the book?

(正)What is the price of the book?（对价格提问用what，没有price一词时用how much。）

11.中文：我有一本新字典还有几本旧的。

(误)I have a new dictionary and several old one.

(正)I have a new dictionary and several old ones.（代替前面提到过的可数名词，复数要用ones。）

12.中文：安迪，保罗和我共唱一首歌。

(误)I, Andy and Paul sang a song together.

(正)Andy, Paul and I sang a song together.（有多个主语或宾语时，I或me 在最后。）

13.中文：他们很了解我们中国人。

(误)They know our Chinese well.

(正)They know us Chinese well.（Chinese为宾语us的同位语。）

14.中文：说好英语不容易。

(误)That is not easy to speak good English.

(正)It is not easy to speak good English.（it当形式主语，代替不定式。）形容词级的误用辨析

1.中文：他是两者中较高的。

(误)He is taller of the two.

(正)He is the taller of the two.（比较级＋of the two，前面要加the。）

2.中文：汤姆是我们学校里最年轻的。

(误)Tom is youngest in our school.

(正)Tom is the youngest in our school.（形容词的最高级前面要加the。）

3.中文：他是所有人中最强壮的。

(误)He is the strongest in all.

(正)He is the strongest of all.（在同类中最…的，用介词of。）

4.中文：我的房子跟约翰的一样大。

(误)My house is so large as John's.

(正)My house is as large as John's.（肯定形式用as＋原级形容词＋as＋主格。）

5.中文：汤姆比我年轻。

(误)Tom is less older than I am.

(正)Tom is less old than I am.（less＋原级形容词＋than。）

6.中文：他是班上个子最高的。

(误)He is taller than any boy in his class.