2011英语专八必看听力分析总结
2011年专业英语八级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2011年专业英语八级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 2. READING COMPREHENSION 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 4. PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION 5. TRANSLATION 6. WRITINGPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREDirections: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.听力原文：Classifications of Cultures Good morning everyone. Today we’ll look at culture, or rather, classifications of cultures. Usually when we deal with different people we deal with them as if we were all members of the same culture. However, it’s possible that people from different cultures have different assumptions about the world. Regarding such important and basic ideas of time, personal space and this is the view of Edward Hall. And Edward Hall is an anthropologist who spent a large part of his life studying American Indians, their culture, their language, but he was different from a lot of other anthropologists who just study one culture. He was interested in the relations between cultures, how cultures interact. What Hall believed is that cultures can be classified by placing them on a continuum, ranging from what he called “high-context” to “low-context”. Okay, what is a high-context culture?A high-context culture is a culture in which the context of the message, or the action, or an event carries a large part of its meaning and significance. (1)What this means is that in a high-context culture more attention is paid to what’s happening in and around the message than to the message itself. (2)Now, let me give you examples. First, in terms of personal space, generally speaking in a high context culture, because there’s greater dependency on group thinking, people lean toward heavier sensory involvement or closeness to people and they have less respect for privacy, for personal space. (3) If you go into that culture people might stand closer when they’re talking to you, they might touch more and if they’re jostled in a crowd they won’t feel violated. And also, people from a high-context culture pay attention to body language, (4)because remember what I said, the definition of a high-context culture is that more attention is paid to the context of the message than to the message itself, and part of the context is body language. Second, in terms of time, people in high-context cultures are considered to have what is called a polychronic attitude toward time. Here “poly”means multiple and “chronic”means time. What this means is that they believe people, things, events, have their own time and there can’t be a standard system of time for everything. (5) What this leads them to believe is that you can’temphasize punctuality; things happen when they’re supposed to happen. So there’s a different attitude toward time. There’s no set standard of time. You can’t control time. Everything has its own sense of time. So it’s a culture that pays little attention to time, to clock time. Now, let’s move on to low-context culture. A low-context culture is just the opposite. A low-context culture is one in which the message, the event, or the action is of separate entity, having meaning unto itself, regardless of the surroundings or the context. (6)The message, the event, the action have meaning in itself. So what this means in a low-context culture is that people pay more attention to the event itself, rather than to the context which surrounds the event or the message. For example, in terms of personal space again, there’s more emphasis on individuality, so the concept of privacy is very, very important, whereas before as I said in high-context culture they might not even be concerned with privacy or personal space. But, in a low-context culture, there’s a feeling that we each have our own personal space. If you get too close, if you don’t knock on doors before entering, that’s an invasion of privacy. People feel violated. There’s a respect and a desire for privacy. And, you will also see that people might pay less attention to body language, because, as I said, the message is, the message is everything. They’re not going to worry about all the details around it. What you say is the important thing, or what you do is the important thing.(7)Another example of a low-context culture is people’s attitude towards time. In terms of time, I said before there was a “polychronic” sense of time in a high-context culture. What do you think there would be in a low-context culture? “Monochrome,”right. A monochrome sense of time, and by that we mean there is one time, and that concept means that people in a low-context culture believe that there’s one standard of time, and that should be for everything. (8)And so, I’m not willing to hear, “Oh, the traffic was heavy, that’s why I’m late,” or “Oh, 1 slept late. “ People in a low-context culture will be much more upset with lateness, because they feel that everyone should follow the same time. (9)There shouldn’t be all this flexibility with time, and they expect punctuality. And, they look at time as almost a commodity that they use expressions like, “use time,”“to waste time,”“to spend time,” or “time is money.” All of these expressions reinforce the concept that time is actually something you can hold on to. So, what this is all about is that, Hall stresses that, people need to be aware of these different assumptions or concepts about reality. And, he thinks that this has all kind of relevance no matter what you are doing. If you’re in business, negotiations, interpersonal relations, if you’re dealing with people from different cultures in any way, it’s going to affect every part of your life. In any multi-cultural situation, these assumptions need to be taken into account for successful interaction. (10) Okay, today we’ve taken a brief look at Edward Hall’s view of culture, mainly his classification of high or low-context culture with some examples. Next week, we’ll look at some more examples of culture on the continuum between high-context and low-context cultures.Classifications of Cultures According to Edward Hall, different cultures result in different ideas about the world. Hall is an anthropologist. He is interested in relations between cultures. I . High-context culture A.feature—context: more important than the message—meaning 【1】______ 【1】______i. e. moreattention paid to 【2】______than 【2】______to the message itself B. examples—personal space—preference for 【3】______ 【3】______—less respect for privacy/personal space—attention to 【4】______ 【4】______—concept of time —belief in 【5】______interpretations of time 【5】______—no concern for punctuality—no control over time II. Low-context cultureA. feature—message: separate form context—meaning 【6】______ 【6】______B. examples—personal space—desire/respect for individuality/privacy—less attention to body language—more concern for 【7】______ 【7】______—attitude toward time—concept of time: 【8】______ 【8】______—dislike of 【9】______ 【9】______—time seen as commodity III. Conclusionawareness of different cultural assumptions—relevance in work and life e.g. business, negotiation, etc.—【10】______in successful communication 【10】______1．正确答案：in(the)context／surroundings／environment。
2011年专八真题 部分解析
听力TIPS：(1) 根据原文中一句“A high-context culture is a culture in which the context of the message, or the action, or an event carries a large part of its meaning and significance.”可知答案。
(2) 根据原文“What this means is that in a high-context culture, more attention is paid to what's happening in and around the message than to the message itself.”可知答案。
(3) 根据原文“Generally speaking, in a high-context culture, because this greater dependency on group thinking, people lean towards heavier sense of involvement or closene ss to people.”可得出答案。
(4) 根据原文“And also people from a high-context culture pay attention to body language.”可得出答案。
(5) 根据原文“People in high-context cultures, are considered to have, what is called a poly-chronic attitude toward time.”可得出答案。
(6) 根据原文“A low-context culture is one in which the message, the event or the action is a separate entity, having meaning onto itself, regardless of the surroundings or the context.”可得出答案。
专业八级听力考试各部分解题难点
专业八级听力考试各部分解题难点平时没有用英语做笔记的习惯，一到考起来，就不知该如何记或从何下手，更不知该如何抓重点、记要点，记关键词等，结果记了很多无关紧要的文字，关键词却未记几个。
由于记录和填空是听力中的难点部分，我们建议大家在应试的过程中把主要精力放在听的方面，也就是说，以听为主，记为辅。
其次，做记录时要围绕演讲的课题，结合前文所讲的“新闻六要素” ，快速记下讲话的重点和要点。
(二)Section B 访谈或对话部分该部分主要以口语性很强的对话或访谈为主，内容涉及日常生活的各个方面。
比如家庭．生活，工作。
学习，社会关注的焦点等，谈话双方都可能涉及到对所谈论问题的看法和态度。
与 Section A 相比，前者大多是独白(或讲话稿)，而后者则是以一问一答的形式出现的，前者的用词一般较为正规，重复不多，后者则可能有时出现重复，赘述的情况，前者内容相对浓缩。
后者则经过了相对的稀释。
访谈部分的中心内容主要围绕所谈的话题展开，考生完全可以从提问者的核心问题以及作者的回答中窥探出中心内容的院端。
考生在听录音前，可迅速浏览一下试卷上的几个选择项，这样就可以基本预测将听到内容的重点所在了。
在听的过程中，考生再根据采访者所提出的问题，对选择项进行逐一审核判断，便不难得出答案。
一般说来，选择项都是按照采访者提问的顺序来排列的，这样较有利于考生快速选择答题。
(三)Section C 新闻报导部分谈起新闻报导，人们都喜欢谈新闻六要素(who，what, when，where，why, how)即通常说的“五个 W 和一个 H” 。
听新闻必须捕捉这几个方面的信息，才能准确知道这则新闻究竟要传达的是什么内容。
新闻的题材多样，内容新、词汇新，上至天文，下至地理，政治、科技，军事，经济，无所不有。
为了以不变应万变，考生平时应多听 BBC 或 VOA 的新闻报导，从而使自己适应这些广播节目的语速，语调，平常用语等风格特点。
2011年英语专业八级考试真题及答案-中大网校
2011年英语专业八级考试真题及答案总分：100分及格：60分考试时间：190分PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN) SECTION A MINI-LECTURE(1)SECTION A MINl LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture．You will hear the lecture ONCE 0NL Y．While listening，take notes on the important points．Your notes will not be marked，but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture．When the lecture is over，you will be given two minutes to check your notes．and another ten minutes to complete the gal-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE．Some of the gaps may require a maximum of THREE words．Make sure the word(s)you fill in is(are)both grammatically and semantically acceptable．You may refer to your notes while completing the task．Use the blank sheet for note-taking．(2)根据材料，请在（2）处填上最佳答案。
(3)根据材料，请在（3）处填上最佳答案。
(4)根据材料，请在（4）处填上最佳答案。
英语专业八级考试听力题分析
英语专业八级考试听力题分析英语专业八级考试听力题分析SECTION A STATEMENTIn this section you will hear nine statements. At the end of the statement you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following nine questions.1. Who is the speaker?A. An insurance agent.B. A fireman.C. A safeguard.D. A politician.2. What can we infer about Susan?A. She dresses fashionably as she spends plenty of money on them.B. She looks fashionable though she doesn’t spe nd much on dresses.C. She doesn’t spend much money on her dresses.D. She often spends too much money on her dresses.3. What does the statement mean?A. The room was too dry.B. The room was not dry enough.C. The paint was wet.D. The paint was too dry.4. We learn from the statement thatA. Lucy is very interested in video games.B. Lucy shows no interest in video games.C. Lucy often plays video games if she is free.D. Lucy plays better than her friends.5. What can we learn about Andrew?A. His petrol is used up.B. He just got his car filled.C. His car had a little petrol left when reaching the garage.D. He had a car accident.6. The speaker suggests thatA. appearances are not important.B. appearances are everything.C. lothes make the men.D. we should never trust appearances.7. What does the speaker say about Thurber?A. He is a great writer.B. His blind eye prevented him from writing good novels.C. His success depended on his childhood experience.D. He worked so hard in writing as to lose one of his eyes.8. What does the speaker imply?A. I knew the time of the concert from him.B. He didn’t tell me the time of the concert.C. He told me the time of the concert, but it was unnecessary.D. The concert began before I knew the time.9. The speaker suggests thatA. we should read every two lines carefully.B. we should find hidden and implied meanings.C. we should keep our eyes open for the book.D. we should get the meaning of every word.KEY TO LISTENING COMPREHENSION1.A2.C3.B4.B5.A6.D7.A8.C9.B 10.ASECTION A STATEMENT1. “我认为你们的保险单没有规定对待火灾造成的损失的保障。
英语专八听力题型解法全攻略
英语专八听力题型解法全攻略英语专业八级考试以其特定的考试人群，高级别的难度、有限的通过率和国内本科时代“终极”英文等级证书的名号而使其具备相当的稀缺性和辨识度。
即便是英语专业大四的学生，备考时都需要耗费一定的心力。
其中，所有科目都是以考察英文“硬实力”为导向设计的。
按照考试顺序，你会遇到的挑战分别是：听力(20%)，阅读(20%)，人文知识(10%)，改错(10%)，翻译(20%)和写作(20%)。
五种题目的考试时间长度接近190分钟。
在这次稿件中，我们先从听力入手，分析听力部分的破题之道。
英语专八听力题型解法全攻略第一部分题目概述听力部分的题目构成为：1、Mini Lecture(迷你演讲/笔记与填空) 共十题占10%2、Interview (访谈) 共五题占 5%3、News(新闻) 共五题占 5%考题语速约100-110词每分钟、采取英音与美音混合的方式、每种类型题目都只播读一遍。
第二部分 Mini Lecture(迷你演讲/笔记与填空)的解法此类题目是目前国内英文考试中难度最大的一种听力题目。
考生首先会在无任何文字提示的情况下听到一篇长约9分钟，接近1000词左右的演讲稿，同时被要求在纸上做笔记。
听力结束后，监考人会将答卷纸发至考生手中，要求考生利用笔记内容进行填空。
专业八级听力部分涉及到四大能力的测试：1、基础听力能力2、速记能力3、理解笔记能力(解码能力)4、填空能力结合四大能力的考察，我们总结出以下做题步骤：一、用首段确定主题与高频词缩写首段由问候语和主题介绍构成。
本段至至全文第一个序数词(例如first和Number1)之间不会出题。
考生需要以最快速度进入状态，并且确定文章内出现频率最高单词的缩写。
请看2006年Mini Lecture的第一段话。
Good morning. In today's lecture, we shall discuss what meaning is in literary works.(主题句). When we read novels, poems, etc., we invariably ask ourselves a question. That is, what does the writer mean here? In other words, we are interested in finding out the meaning. But meaning is a difficult issue in literature. How do we know what a work of literature is supposed to mean or what its real meaning is? I'd like to discuss three ways to explain what meaning is.由此可见，本篇文稿主题是：文学作品中的含义。
英语专业八级听力考题解析
英语专业八级听力考题解析一、选择题解析1. A解析：在题目中，提到了"the most valuable thing"，接下来提到了"healthy body"和"money"，而选项A中提到的"good health"正是所要表达的意思。
2. C解析：在题目中，提到了"the man is traveling by air"，并且询问了旅行目的地。
而选项C中的"easier to travel by air"正是所要表达的意思。
3. B解析：在题目中，提到了"speaking and listening"是最重要的英语技能，而选项B中的"speaking and listening are essential"正是所要表达的意思。
4. A解析：在题目中，提到了"the most productive"和"big companies"，而选项A中的"large corporations"符合所描述的情况。
二、填空题解析1. teenagers解析：在题目中，提到了"new type of music is very popular among ________"，并且给出了"young people"。
故填入"teenagers"。
2. specialized解析：在题目中，提到了"a ____________ college"，并且给出了"a college that offers courses specifically"。
故填入"specialized"。
2011英语专八必看听力分析总结
� Generally speaking , there are two basic types of research papers, and a paper may belong to either type. � Now, let’s take a look at how you are going to write a survey-type research paper or an argumentative research paper. � In the next part of the lecture, I’d like to talk about one of the basic steps in writing I mentioned earlier in the lecture. That is how to choose a topic. � Question number one: Do you really want to know more about this topic? � Question number two: Are you likely to find many sources of information on this topic? � Question number three: Can you cut the topic down to a manageable size? � Question number four: What questions can you ask about the topic itself? � Okay. To sum up, in today’s lecture, we’ve looked at some of the issues in research paper writing, like the basic steps, types of research paper, and how to choose a topic. 2006 � Now, let’s take a look at the first approach – that is meaning is what intended by the author. � F irst, go to the library and read other works by the same author. � Second , get to know something about what sort of meanings seem to be common in literary works in that particular tradition and at that time. � And last, get to know what were the cultural values and symbols of the time. � Now, let’s move on to the second approach to meaning – that is , meaning is created by and contained in the text itself. � Now the third approach to meaning – that is, meaning is created by the reader. � T he first is – meaning is social. � Second , meaning is contextual. � And last, meaning requires reader competency. � The essential point of this lecture is that meaning in literature is a phenomenon that is not easily located, that
专八听力技巧分析及备考建议
专八听力技巧分析及备考建议专八听力技巧分析及备考建议听力是英语考试中的重要部分，也是很多考生备考过程中需要重点关注和训练的内容。
为了帮助考生在专八听力中取得更好的成绩，本文将分析专八听力的特点，并给出备考建议和技巧。
一、专八听力的特点专八听力主要考察考生对于英语听力材料的理解和分析能力。
它不仅要求考生听懂材料中的内容，还需要考生理解并推断材料中的信息，包括细节、主旨、态度等。
专八听力材料多样化，涉及各个领域和题材，如学术讲座、学生讨论、广播新闻等。
因此，考生在备考过程中需要全面提升听力技巧和能力。
二、备考建议和技巧1. 提高听力基础专八听力的理解和分析离不开对基础英语知识的掌握。
在备考之前，考生应加强英语听说读写的训练，扩大词汇量，提高语法水平。
通过听原版英语材料，如英文新闻、英语电台等，培养对英语语音、语调的敏感度，从而提升听力水平。
2. 刻意训练听力技巧专八听力中的问题种类繁多，考生需要熟悉不同类型的问题，并采取相应的解题策略。
例如，对于细节题，可以通过划线标记或记笔记的方式，帮助记忆和定位答案；对于态度题，要注意听说者的语气和感情色彩，从而准确把握他们的态度。
考生可以通过听力材料的模拟练习和真题训练，熟悉不同类型的问题和解题思路，提高解题的准确性和效率。
3. 培养听力思维专八听力不仅要求考生对材料的字面理解，还需要考生进行推理和判断，理解材料中的隐含意思和逻辑关系。
为了提升这一能力，考生可以多听一些学术讲座和研究报告，培养分析和推理的思维方式。
同时，多读一些英语文章，了解不同领域的知识和专业术语，扩大自己的跨文化视野，从而有助于在听力中更好地理解和分析。
4. 注重听力训练的综合性在备考过程中，不仅要重点关注听力的细节和推理能力，还要注重听力与阅读、写作、口语等能力的综合训练。
通过对不同模块的综合性练习，可以提高考生的跨学科应用能力，提升在听力中的整体表现。
三、总结专八听力是一项综合性的英语考试内容，要求考生在理解和分析材料的基础上进行推理和判断。
英语专八听力理解的解题技巧
英语专八听力理解的解题技巧英语专八听力理解的解题技巧听力理解Listening Comprehension针对TEM-8考试听力部分的特点，我们可以从局部和通篇理解两个方面加以探讨。
综观TEM-8的听力考题，我们可以发现所有的试题类型都基于由what, who, where, when, why 和 how所包括的内容，即事件、人物、地点、时间、原因和方式。
TEM-8考试听力材料由长短不一、针对某一现象或事件的叙述性短文和对话(或、访谈)构成。
考生必须在一个大情景下抓住事情的要点和事件的发展线索后才能答题。
大多数学生具有良好的听力基本功，他们需要提高的是听力的广度和深度，因此，考生在日常的中必须有意识地多听多练。
同时，我们建议们在练习听力时注意以下几个问题：(1.)选择准确的听力材料实际上，“听”和“说”不分家的原则也体现在TEM-8考试中。
TEM-8考试听力均选自一般口语性较强、反映现代生活的英语资料。
因此，考生可以集中精力多听一些大众媒介英语，进行实战演习。
所选听力材料在难度上应低于阅读材料，因为读不懂的东西一般听不懂。
来源于报刊、杂志、电影、电视的英语是练习听力的极好的材料。
英语专业的学生，特别是高年级学生，可以通过看原版电影或听电影录音剪辑来练习听力。
一般学校都会有丰富的音像资料，许多城市还专门开辟了英语电视频道，电视英语新闻对考生应付TEM-8考试第三部分有很大的帮助。
(2.)选用恰当的练习方法练习听力时，大家可采取“精听”和“泛听”两种方式结合来训练自己，前者的重点在于深度，后者则注重广度。
精听的目的在于从what, who, where, when, why 和 how等角度入手，弄懂与之有关的所有问题，即所有细节性问题;而泛听则是听懂大意即可。
通过这两方面长期不懈的努力，考生最终能获得用英语进行思维的能力。
如果能做到用英语思考问题，那么做对几道试题是不会有太多困难的，因为试题从广义上也就分为两大类，局部理解题和通篇理解题，前者属于我们精听的范畴，而后者则属于我们泛听的对象。
专八课程总结报告
专八课程总结报告作为一名参加专八课程的学员，我要针对所学内容进行一次全面的总结和反思，以便更好地提高自己的英语能力，并能够应对专八考试的挑战。
在这段时间的学习中，我主要涉及了听力、阅读、写作和口语四个方面的内容。
以下是我对每个方面的总结和报告。
听力部分是专八考试中的重点，因此我在课程中非常注重听力训练。
通过课堂上的听力材料和练习，我学会了提高听力技巧和应对不同类型的听力题目。
通过大量的练习和模拟考试，我逐渐提高了听力理解力和听力应试能力。
我可以更准确地听懂英语讲座、新闻报道和学术研究等各种听力材料。
然而，我也意识到还需要进一步提高听力速度和抓住关键信息的能力，这需要更多的练习和积累。
阅读部分是专八考试中的另一个重要部分。
通过课程中的阅读材料和练习，我学会了分析和解读英语文章的技巧。
我学会了快速阅读并理解文章的核心内容，同时注意关键词和句子。
我还学习了词汇和语法的应用技巧，以便更好地理解文章的意思。
在课堂上的讨论和练习中，我也锻炼了自己的逻辑思维和推理能力。
虽然我在阅读方面取得了一定的进步，但我仍然需要更多的阅读和练习，以提高阅读速度和准确性。
写作部分是专八考试中的难点之一。
在课程中，我学习了各种写作技巧和策略，包括写作结构、段落组织、句子结构和篇章连贯。
通过课堂上的写作练习和作文批改，我逐渐掌握了写作的基本要素和技巧。
我可以根据题目要求合理组织文章的内容，并运用相关的词汇和语法规则。
但我也意识到，写作是一个需要长期积累和不断练习的过程，我需要进一步提高写作速度和表达能力。
口语部分是专八考试中最具挑战性的部分之一。
在课程中，我通过模拟口语考试和角色扮演等活动，锻炼了口语表达和交流的能力。
我学会了正确发音、流利表达和恰当运用语法和词汇。
我还学习了如何回答问题并提出自己的观点和建议。
尽管取得了一些进步，但我仍然需要更多的口语练习和实践，以提高口语流利度和自信心。
除了以上四个方面的内容，课程中还强调了单词和语法的学习。
英语专业八级听力题型解析
英语专业八级听力题型解析第一部分：题型概述听力考试是英语专业八级考试的一个重要组成部分，通过对听力材料的理解和应对各种题型的能力来测试学生对英语听力的掌握程度。
本文将对英语专业八级听力的题型进行详细解析，帮助考生更好地准备听力考试。
第二部分：单项选择题单项选择题是英语专业八级听力中常见的题型之一。
在这种题型中，考生需要根据听到的对话或独白选择最合适的选项。
这种题型要求考生在有限的时间内准确地捕捉到关键信息，并做出正确判断。
第三部分：填空题填空题是英语专业八级听力中的另一种常见题型。
这种题型要求考生通过听力材料获取关键信息，并将其填写到题目的空格中。
对于这种题型，考生需要具备一定的听写和拼写能力，同时需要保持专注，注意捕捉关键信息。
第四部分：判断题判断题是英语专业八级听力中的一种常见题型。
在这种题型中，考生需要判断所听到的陈述是否与听力材料相符。
对于这种题型，考生需要在短时间内对所听到的内容进行准确的判断和比较。
第五部分：匹配题匹配题是英语专业八级听力中较为复杂的一种题型。
在这种题型中，考生需要根据所听到的多个问题或陈述，将其与给定的选项进行匹配。
这种题型要求考生具备一定的综合分析能力和组织能力，能够将听到的信息整合到正确的选项中。
第六部分：综合题综合题是英语专业八级听力中难度较大的一种题型。
这种题型要求考生综合应用多种听力技巧，同时需要具备较强的逻辑思维能力，能够根据听力材料的内容进行综合分析和推理。
综合题常涉及到对对话、独白和讲座等多种听力材料的综合理解和应用。
第七部分：总结与建议通过本文的解析，我们可以看到英语专业八级听力中常见的题型及其特点。
在备考过程中，考生应该注重对不同题型的练习和技巧的掌握，通过大量的听力训练和模拟考试来提高听力理解和应对题型的能力。
此外，对于复杂的题型，考生还可以通过阅读英语相关文章和资料来提高综合运用能力。
在考试时，考生应该保持冷静，集中注意力，尽可能地捕捉关键信息。
2011年英语专业八级真题及详解【圣才出品】
2011年英语专业八级真题及详解TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS(2011)—GRADE EIGHTTIME LIMIT:150MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION(25MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture.You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY.While listening to the mini-lecture,please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)you fill in is(are)both grammatically and semantically acceptable.You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now,listen to the mini-lecture.When it is over,you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.Classifications of CulturesAccording to Edward Hall,different cultures result in different ideas about the world.Hall is an anthropologist.He is interested in relations between cultures.【答案与解析】(1)context of message细节题。
2011年专8真题答案(含听力材料)
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2011)-GRADE EIGHT-TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS(2011)-GRADE EIGHT-2011年英语专业八级参考答案Part I Listening Comprehension—Section A Mini-lecture1. and significance2. the context\ what is doing3. closeness to people4. body language5. polychronic6. in itself7. personal space8. monochrome9. lateness10. multicultural situationSECTION B INTERVIEW 1-5 BDACB SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST 6-10 ACBAD PART II Reading Comprehension11-15 ABCAB 16-20 ABACA 21-25 DDCCA 26-30 DBACBPART III General Knowledge 31-35BDABD 36-40 CACACPART VI Proofreading & Error Correction1. grew 后加up2. conscience 改成consciousness3. soon 改成sooner4. the 去掉5. disagreeing 改成disagreeable6. imaginative 改成imaginary7. literal 改成literary8. in 去掉9. which 前加in 10. Therefore, 改成NeverthelessPart V Translation—Section A Chinese To EnglishBeing hasty and at leisure are two quite distinct lifestyles. But in the real world, people have to frequently shuttle between these two lifestyles, sometimes not sure whether they are“at ease”or“in a rush”.For example, we’re enjoying our holidays in the resort while suenly we receive phone calls from the boss who tells us there are some troubles with our customers and work—so at this moment the modern, convenient and advanced device shows its vicious and gloomy features—and we lose all our interest. The subsequent leisure is the mere showy for we are in a restless and anxious state of mind.Section B English to Chinese飞机飞越尼泊尔上空时。
2011英语专八真题及答案
2011英语专八真题TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2010)-GRADE EIGHT-PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN) SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.Complete the gap-filling task. Some of the gaps below may require a maximum of THREE words. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically & semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes.Paralinguistic Features of LanguageIn face-to-face communication speakers often alter their tomes of voice or change their physical postures in order to convey messages. These means are called paralinguistic features of language, which fall into two categories.First category: vocal paralinguistic featuresA.(1)__________: to express attitude or intention (1)__________B.Examples1. whispering: need for secrecy2. breathiness: deep emotion3. (2)_________: unimportance (2)__________4. nasality: anxiety5. extra lip-rounding: greater intimacySecond category: physical paralinguistic featuresA.facial expressions\1.(3)_______ (3)__________----- smiling: signal of pleasure or welcome2.less common expressions----- eye brow raising: surprise or interest----- lip biting: (4)________ (4)_________B.gesturegestures are related to culture.1.British culture----- shrugging shoulders: (5) ________ (5)__________----- scratching head: puzzlement2.other cultures----- placing hand upon heart:(6)_______ (6)__________----- pointing at nose: secretC.proximity, posture and echoing1.proximity: physical distance between speakers----- closeness: intimacy or threat----- (7)_______: formality or absence of interest (7)_________Proximity is person-, culture- and (8)________ -specific. (8)_________2.posture----- hunched shoulders or a hanging head: to indicate(9)_____ (9)________----- direct level eye contact: to express an open or challenging attitude3.echoing----- definition: imitation of similar posture----- (10)______: aid in communication (10)___________----- conscious imitation: mockerySECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.1. According to Dr Johnson, diversity meansA. merging of different cultural identities.B. more emphasis on homogeneity.C. embracing of more ethnic differences.D. acceptance of more branches of Christianity.(You see, today, we use the word “diversity”to refer to more visible ethnic differences, ancient Americans, African American and Latino, for instance.)2. According to the interview, which of the following statements in CORRECT?A. Some places are more diverse than others.B. Towns are less diverse than large cities.C. Diversity can be seen everywhere.D. American is a truly diverse country.(Well, I think, in all these talks of diversity, there is a critical point that may be missed, that is, diversity is not occurring everywhere in the US.)3. According to Dr Johnson, which place will witness a radical change in its racial makeup by2025?A. MaineB. SelinsgroveC. PhiladelphiaD. California(By 2025, being predicted, that figure will drop to just 34%, which indicates that the future change in a racial composition in California.)4. During the interview Dr Johnson indicates thatA. greater racial diversity exists among younger populations.B. both older and younger populations are racially diverse.C. age diversity could lead to pension problems.D. older populations are more racially diverse.(For example, there is a large gap between the average age of the five stages of the youngest population and five stages of the oldest population.)5. According to the interview, religious diversityA. was most evident between 1990 and 2000.B. exists among Muslim immigrants.C. is restricted to certain places in the US.D. is spreading to more parts of the country.(They settled mainly in California and major north-eastern and mid-western cities, such as New York, Philadelphia, Chicago and Monosepalous)SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet. Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.6. What is the main idea of the news item?A. Sony developed a computer chip for cell phones.B. Japan will market its wallet phone abroad.C. The wallet phone is one of the wireless innovations.D. Reader devices are available at stores and stations.Question 7 and 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.7. Which of the following is mentioned as the government’s measure to control inflation?A. Foreign investment.B. Donor support.C. Price control.D. Bank prediction.8. According to Kingdom Bank, what is the current inflation rate in Zimbabwe?A. 20 million percent.B. 2.2 million percent.C. 11.2 million percent.D. Over 11.2 million percent.Question 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.9. Which of the following is CORRECT?A. A big fire erupted on the Nile River.B. Helicopters were used to evacuate people.C. Five people were taken to hospital for burns.D. A big fire took place on two floors.10. The likely cause of the big fire isA. electrical short-cut.B. lack of fire-satefy measures.C. terrorism.D. not known.PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.TEXT AStill, the image of any city has a half-life of many years. (So does its name, officially changed in 2001 from Calcutta to Kolkata, which is closer to what the word sounds like in Bengali. Conversing in English, I never heard anyone call the city anything but Calcutta.) To Westerners, the conveyance most identified with Kolkata is not its modern subway—a facility whose spacious stations have art on the walls and cricket matches on television monitors—but the hand-pulled rickshaw. Stories and films celebrate a primitive-looking cart with high wooden wheels, pulled by someone who looks close to needing the succor of Mother Teresa. For years the government has been talking about eliminating hand-pulled rickshaws on what it calls humanitarian grounds—principally on the ground that, as the mayor of Kolkata has often said, it is offensive to see “one man sweating and straining to pull another man.” But these days politicians also lament the impact of 6,000 hand-pulled rickshaws on a modern city’s traffic and, particularly, on its image. “Westerners try to associate beggar s and these rickshaws with the Calcutta landscape, but this is not what Calcutta stands for,” the chief minister of West Bengal, Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, said in a press conference in 2006. “Our city stands for prosperity and development.” The chief minist er—the equivalent of a state governor—went on to announce that hand-pulled rickshaws soon would be banned from the streets of Kolkata.Rickshaws are not there to haul around tourists. (Actually, I saw almost no tourists in Kolkata, apart from the young backpackers on Sudder Street, in what used to be a red-light district and is now said to be the single place in the city where the services a rickshaw puller offers may include providing female company to a gentleman for the evening.) It’s the people in the lanes who most regularly use rickshaws—not the poor but people who are just a notch above the poor. They are people who tend to travel short distances, through lanes that are sometimes inaccessible to even the most daring taxi driver. An older woman with marketing to do, for instance, can arrive in a rickshaw, have the rickshaw puller wait until she comes back from various stalls to load her purchases, and then be taken home. People in the lanes use rickshaws as a 24-hour ambulance service. Proprietors of cafés or corner stores send rickshaws to collect their supplies. (One morning I saw a rickshaw puller take on a load of live chickens—tied in pairs by the feet so they could be draped over the shafts and the folded back canopy and even the axle. By the time he trotted off, he was carrying about a hundred upside-down chickens.) The rickshaw pullers told me their steadiest customers are schoolchildren. Middle-class families contract with a puller to take a child to school and pick him up; the puller essentially becomes a family retainer.From June to September Kolkata can get torrential rains, and its drainage system doesn’t need torrential rain to begin backing up. Residents who favor a touch of hyperbole say that in Kolkata “if a stray cat pees, there’s a flood.” During my stay it once rained for about 48 hours. Entire neighborhoods couldn’t be reached by motorized vehicles, and the newspapers showed pictures of rickshaws being pulled through water that was up to the pullers’ waists. When it’s raining, the normal customer base for rickshaw pullers expands greatly, as does the price of a journey. A writer in Kolkata told me, “When it rains, even the governor takes rickshaws.”While I was in Kolkata, a magazine called India Today published its annual ranking of Indian states, according to such measurements as prosperity and infrastructure. Among India’s 20 largest states, Bihar finished dead last, as it has for four of the past five years. Bihar, a couple hundred miles north of Kolkata, is where the vast majority of rickshaw pullers come from. Once in Kolkata, they sleep on the street or in their rickshaws or in a dera—a combination garage and repair shop and dormitory managed by someone called a sardar. For sleeping privileges in a dera, pullers pay 100 rupees (about $2.50) a month, which sounds like a pretty good deal until you’ve visited a dera. They gross between 100 and 150 rupees a day, out of which they have to pay 20 rupees for the use of the rickshaw and an occasional 75 or more for a payoff if a policeman stops them for, say, crossing a street where rickshaws are prohibited. A 2003 study found that rickshaw pullers are near the bottom of Kolkata occupations in income, doing better than only the ragpickers and the beggars. For someone without land or education, that still beats trying to make a living in Bihar.There are people in Kolkata, particularly educated and politically aware people, who will not ride in a rickshaw, because they are offended by the idea of being pulled by another human being or because they consider it not the sort of thing people of their station do or because they regard the hand-pulled rickshaw as a relic of colonialism. Ironically, some of those people are not enthusiastic about banning rickshaws. The editor of the editorial page s of Kolkata’s Telegraph—Rudrangshu Mukherjee, a former academic who still writes history books—told me, for instance, that he sees humanitarian considerations as coming down on the side of keeping hand-pulled rickshaws on the road. “I refuse to be carried by another human being myself,” he said, “but I question whether we have the right to take away their livelihood.” Rickshaw supporters point out that when it comes to demeaning occupations, rickshaw pullers are hardly unique in Kolkata.When I asked one rickshaw puller if he thought the government’s plan to rid the city of rickshaws was based on a genuine interest in his welfare, he smiled, with a quick shake of his head—a gesture I interpreted to mean, “If you are so naive as to ask such a question, I wi ll answer it, but it is not worth wasting words on.” Some rickshaw pullers I met were resigned to the imminent end of their livelihood and pin their hopes on being offered something in its place. As migrant workers, they don’t have the political clout enjoyed by, say, Kolkata’s sidewalk hawkers, who, after supposedly being scaled back at the beginning of the modernization drive, still clog the sidewalks, selling absolutely everything—or, as I found during the 48 hours of rain,absolutely everything but umbr ellas. “The government was the government of the poor people,” one sardar told me. “Now they shake hands with the capitalists and try to get rid of poor people.”But others in Kolkata believe that rickshaws will simply be confined more strictly to certain neighborhoods, out of the view of World Bank traffic consultants and California investment delegations—or that they will be allowed to die out naturally as they’re supplanted by more modern conveyances. Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, after all, is not the first high West Bengal official to say that rickshaws would be off the streets of Kolkata in a matter of months. Similar statements have been made as far back as 1976. The ban decreed by Bhattacharjee has been delayed by a court case and by a widely held belief that some retraining or social security settlement ought to be offered to rickshaw drivers. It may also have been delayed by a quiet reluctance to give up something that has been part of the fabric of the city for more than a century. Kolkata, a resident told me, “has difficulty letting go.” One day a city official handed me a report from the municipal government laying out options for how rickshaw pullers might be rehabilitated.“Which option has been chosen?” I asked, noting that the report was dated al most exactly a year before my visit.“That hasn’t been decided,” he said.“When will it be decided?”“That hasn’t been decided,” he said.11. According to the passage, rickshaws are used in Kolkata mainly for the following EXCEPTA. taking foreign tourists around the city.B. providing transport to school children.C. carrying store supplies and purchasesD. carrying people over short distances.12. Which of the following statements best describes the rickshaw pullers from Bihar?A. They come from a relatively poor area.B. They are provided with decent accommodation.C. Their living standards are very low in Kolkata.D. They are often caught by policemen in the streets.13. That “For someone without land or education, that still beats trying to make a living inBihar” (4 paragraph) means that even so,A. the poor prefer to work and live in Bihar.B. the poor from Bihar fare better than back home.C. the poor never try to make a living in Bihar.D. the poor never seem to resent their life in Kolkata.14. We can infer from the passage that some educated and politically aware peopleA. hold mixed feelings towards rickshaws.B. strongly support the ban on rickshaws.C. call for humanitarian actions fro rickshaw pullers.D. keep quiet on the issue of banning rickshaws.15. Which of the following statements conveys the author’s sense of humor?A. “…not the poor but people who are just a notch above the poor.” (2 paragraph)B. “…,.which sounds like a pretty good deal until you’ve visited a dera.” (4 paragraph)C. Kolkata, a resident told me, “ has difficulty letting go.” (7 paragraph).D.“…or, as I found during the 48 hours of rain, absolutely everything but umbrellas.”(6paragraph)16. The dialogue between the author and the city official at the end of the passage seems tosuggestA. the uncertainty of the court’s decision.B. the inefficiency of the municipal government.C. the difficulty of finding a good solution.D. the slowness in processing options.TEXT BDepending on whom you believe, the average American will, over a lifetime, wait in lines for two years (says National Public Radio) or five years (according to customer-loyalty experts).The crucial word is average, as wealthy Americans routinely avoid lines altogether. Once the most democratic of institutions, lines are rapidly becoming the exclusive province of suckers(people who still believe in and practice waiting in lines). Poor suckers, mostly.Airports resemble France before the Revolution: first-class passengers enjoy "élite" security lines and priority boarding, and disembark before the unwashed in coach, held at bay by a flight attendant, are allowed to foul the Jetway.At amusement parks, too, you can now buy your way out of line. This summer I haplessly watched kids use a $52 Gold Flash Pass to jump the lines at Six Flags New England, and similarsystems are in use in most major American theme parks, from Universal Orlando to Walt Disney World, where the haves get to watch the have-mores breeze past on their way to their seats.Flash Pass teaches children a valuable lesson in real-world economics: that the rich are more important than you, especially when it comes to waiting. An NBA player once said to me, with a bemused chuckle of disbelief, that when playing in Canada--get this--"we have to wait in the same customs line as everybody else."Almost every line can be breached for a price. In several U.S. cities this summer, early arrivers among the early adopters waiting to buy iPhones offered to sell their spots in the lines. On Craigslist, prospective iPhone purchasers offered to pay "waiters" or "placeholders" to wait in line for them outside Apple stores.Inevitably, some semi-populist politicians have seen the value of sort-of waiting in lines with the ordinary people. This summer Philadelphia mayor John Street waited outside an AT&T store from 3:30 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. before a stand-in from his office literally stood in for the mayor while he conducted official business. And billionaire New York mayor Michael Bloomberg often waits for the subway with his fellow citizens, though he's first driven by motorcade past the stop nearest his house to a station 22 blocks away, where the wait, or at least the ride, is shorter.As early as elementary school, we're told that jumping the line is an unethical act, which is why so many U.S. lawmakers have framed the immigration debate as a kind of fundamental sin of the school lunch line. Alabama Senator Richard Shelby, to cite just one legislator, said amnesty would allow illegal immigrants "to cut in line ahead of millions of people."Nothing annoys a national lawmaker more than a person who will not wait in line, unless that line is in front of an elevator at the U.S. Capitol, where Senators and Representatives use private elevators, lest they have to queue with their constituents.But compromising the integrity of the line is not just antidemocratic, it's out-of-date. There was something about the orderly boarding of Noah's Ark, two by two, that seemed to restore not just civilization but civility during the Great Flood.How civil was your last flight? Southwest Airlines has first-come, first-served festival seating. But for $5 per flight, an unaffiliated company called will secure you a coveted "A" boarding pass when that airline opens for online check-in 24 hours before departure. Thus, the savvy traveler doesn't even wait in line when he or she is online.Some cultures are not renowned for lining up. Then again, some cultures are too adept atlining up: a citizen of the former Soviet Union would join a queue just so he could get to the head of that queue and see what everyone was queuing for.And then there is the U.S., where society seems to be cleaving into two groups: Very Important Persons, who don't wait, and Very Impatient Persons, who do--unhappily.For those of us in the latter group-- consigned to coach, bereft of Flash Pass, too poor or proper to pay a placeholder --what do we do? We do what Vladimir and Estragon did in Waiting for Godot: "We wait. We are bored."17. What does the following sentence mean? “Once the most democratic of institutions, linesare rapidly becoming the exclusive province of suckers…Poor suckers, mostly.”(2 paragraph)A. Lines are symbolic of America’s democracy.B. Lines still give Americans equal opportunities.C. Lines are now for ordinary Americans only.D. Lines are for people with democratic spirit only.18. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of breaching the line?A. Going through the customs at a Canadian airport.B. Using Gold Flash Passes in amusement parks.C. First-class passenger status at airports.D. Purchase of a place in a line from a placeholder.19. We can infer from the passage that politicians (including mayors and Congressmen)A. prefer to stand in lines with ordinary people.B. advocate the value of waiting in lines.C. believe in and practice waiting in lines.D. exploit waiting in lines for their own good.20. What is the tone of the passage?A. Instructive.B. Humorous.C. Serious.D. Teasing.TEXT CA bus took him to the West End, where, among the crazy coloured fountains of illumination, shattering the blue dusk with green and crimson fire, he found the café of his choice, a tea-shop that had gone mad and turned. Bbylonian, a while palace with ten thousand lights. It towered above the other building like a citadel, which indeed it was, the outpost of a new age, perhaps a new civilization, perhaps a new barbarism; and behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel, just as behind the careless profusion of luxury were millions of pence, balanced to the last halfpenny. Somewhere in the background, hidden away, behind the ten thousand llights and acres of white napery and bewildering glittering rows of teapots, behind the thousand waitresses and cash-box girls and black-coated floor managers and temperamental long-haired violinists, behind the mounds of cauldrons of stewed steak, the vanloads of ices, were a few men who went to work juggling with fractions of a farming, who knew how many units of electricity it took to finish a steak-and-kidney pudding and how many minutes and seconds a waitress( five feet four in height and in average health) would need to carry a tray of given weight from the kitchen life to the table in the far corner. In short, there was a warm, sensuous, vulgar life flowering in the upperstoreys, and a cold science working in the basement. Such as the gigantic tea-shop into which Turgis marched, in search not of mere refreshment but of all the enchantment of unfamiliar luxury. Perhaps he knew in his heart that men have conquered half the known world, looted whole kingdoms, and never arrived in such luxury. The place was built for him.It was built for a great many other people too, and, as usual, they were al there. It seemed with humanity. The marble entrance hall, piled dizzily with bonbons and cakes, was as crowded and bustling as a railway station. The gloom and grime of the streets, the raw air, all November, were at once left behind, forgotten: the atmosphere inside was golden, tropical, belonging to some high mid-summer of confectionery. Disdaining the lifts, Turgis, once more excited by the sight, sound, and smell of it all, climbed the wide staircase until he reached his favourite floor, whre an orchestra, led by a young Jewish violinist with wandering lustrous eyes and a passion for tremolo effects, acted as a magnet to a thousand girls, scented air, the sensuous clamour of the strings; and, as he stood hesitating a moment, half dazed, there came, bowing, s sleek grave man, older than he was and far more distinguished than he could ever hope to be, who murmured deferentially: “ For one, sir? This way, please,” Shyly, yet proudly, Turgis followed him.21. That “behind the thin marble front were concrete and steel” suggests thatA. modern realistic commercialism existed behind the luxurious appearance.B. there was a fundamental falseness in the style and the appeal of the café..C. the architect had made a sensible blend of old and new building materials.D. the café was based on physical foundations and real economic strength.22. The following words or phrases are somewhat critical of the tea-shop EXCEPTA. “…turned Babylonian”.B. “perhaps a new barbarism’.C. “acres of white napery”.D. “balanced to the last halfpenny”.23. In its context the statement that “the place was built for him”means that the caféwasintended toA. please simple people in a simple way.B. exploit gullible people like him.C. satisfy a demand that already existed.D. provide relaxation for tired young men.24. Which of the following statements about the second paragraph is NOT true?A. The café appealed to most senses simultaneously.B. The café was both full of people and full of warmth.C. The inside of the café was contrasted with the weather outside.D. It stressed the commercial determination of the café owners.25. The following are comparisons made by the author in the second paragraph EXCEPT thatA. the entrance hall is compared to a railway station.B. the orchestra is compared to a magnet.C. Turgis welcomed the lift like a conquering soldier.D. the interior of the café is compared to warm countries.26. The author’s attitude to the café isA. fundamentally critical.B. slightly admiring.C. quite undecided.D. completely neutral.TEXT DI Now elsewhere in the world, Iceland may be spoken of, somewhat breathlessly, as western Europe’s last pristine wilderness. But the environmental awareness that is sweeping the world had bypassed the majority of Icelanders. Certainly they were connected to their land, the way one is complicatedly connected to, or encumbered by, family one can’t do anything about. But the truth is, once you’re off the beat-en paths of the low-lying coastal areas where everyone lives, the roads are few, and they’re all bad, so Iceland’s natural wonders have been out of reach and unknown even to its own inhab-itants. For them the land has always just been there, something that had to be dealt with and, if possible, exploited—the mind-set being one of land as commodity rather than land as, well, priceless art on the scale of the “Mona Lisa.”When the opportunity arose in 2003 for the national power company to enter into a 40-year contract with the American aluminum company Alcoa to supply hydroelectric power for a new smelter, those who had been dreaming of some-thing like this for decades jumped at it and never looked back. Iceland may at the moment be one of the world’s richest countries, with a 99 percent literacy rate and long life expectancy. But the proj-ect’s advocates, some of them getting on in years, were more emotionally attuned to the country’s century upon century of want, hardship, and colonial servitude to Denmark, which officially had ended only in 1944 and whose psychological imprint remained relatively fresh. For the longest time, life here had meant little more than a sod hut, dark all winter, cold, no hope, children dying left and right, earthquakes, plagues, starvation, volcanoes erupting and destroying all vegeta-tion and livestock, all spirit—a world revolving almost entirely around the welfare of one’s sheep and, later, on how good the cod catch was. In the outlying regions, it still largely does.Ostensibly, the Alcoa project was intended to save one of these dying regions—the remote and sparsely populated east—where the way of life had steadily declined to a point of desperation and gloom. After fishing quotas were imposed in the early 1980s to protect fish stocks, many。
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TEM-8 听力考试的第一部分讲座（Mini-lecture）通常为一 篇 900 字左右的文章，要求考生边听边做笔记，然后完成 10 道题的填空任务，答题时间为 10 分钟。本部分历来是较 为复杂的听力测试项目，是考生的难点所在，将其放在听 力考试第一部分更增加了考生的紧张度，考生必须保持良 好的心态和过硬的综合素质才可以轻松应答。这里我们希 望通过对历年真题的分析总结出此项考题的一些特点与命 题规律，以期帮助考生在考试中更好地应对此项考题。 讲座部分的命题规律主要体现在选材和试题设置两个方
1．题材与英语专业知识课程相关 自 2004 年考试大纲进行修订后，讲座部分的选材原则规定 为：讲座部分的内容与英语专业知识课程相关。而以往各 年讲座部分选材范围则比较广泛，涉及生活中的很多领域， 但也有相当一部分讲座选材符合新大纲的要求。为使考生 更清楚地了解本部分在选材上历年的变化以及最新的选材 要求和特点，现将 1997-2006 年的讲座材料的主要内容归 纳如下： 年 份 1 9 9 7 1 9 9 8 1 9 9 9 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 2 2 0 0 3 题材 介绍信用卡，从信用卡的种类谈起，谈及信用卡系 统的操作，并讨论了信用卡的优缺点。
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3. 答用于填空的词不一定非得是录音中出现的词，凡是 在 语义上与原文一致且语法上与填空短文相适应的单词均 可。练习题该部分并不局限于谈话中所给出的答案，可能 的答案也许有更多，大家可自行掌握。填空时，考生一定 要注意所填单词的词性准确无误。我发现，有的同学能找 出一个意义相应的词，但不是很注意词性，因为该填动词 的地方一定要填动词， 如不能用 intense 来代替 intensify。 另外，倘若所填单词在句首，该单词首字母要大写
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� Generally speaking , there are two basic types of research papers, and a paper may belong to either type. � Now, let’s take a look at how you are going to write a survey-type research paper or an argumentative research paper. � In the next part of the lecture, I’d like to talk about one of the basic steps in writing I mentioned earlier in the lecture. That is how to choose a topic. � Question number one: Do you really want to know more about this topic? � Question number two: Are you likely to find many sources of information on this topic? � Question number three: Can you cut the topic down to a manageable size? � Question number four: What questions can you ask about the topic itself? � Okay. To sum up, in today’s lecture, we’ve looked at some of the issues in research paper writing, like the basic steps, types of research paper, and how to choose a topic. 2006 � Now, let’s take a look at the first approach – that is meaning is what intended by the author. � F irst, go to the library and read other works by the same author. � Second , get to know something about what sort of meanings seem to be common in literary works in that particular tradition and at that time. � And last, get to know what were the cultural values and symbols of the time. � Now, let’s move on to the second approach to meaning – that is , meaning is created by and contained in the text itself. � Now the third approach to meaning – that is, meaning is created by the reader. � T he first is – meaning is social. � Second , meaning is contextual. � And last, meaning requires reader competency. � The essential point of this lecture is that meaning in literature is a phenomenon that is not easily located, that
—— 首要原则 （1） 边听边记 边听边记—— To catch important information, take notes as quickly as possible (2) —— 抓住记笔记最佳时机 注意逻辑 注意逻辑—— ——抓住记笔记最佳时机 重要考点大多数是讲座中的分论点和某些重要细节，记的 ，即 ：讲座开头 、关键性的提示词语后和段落主题句 、 重点 重点， 讲座开头、 关键性的提示词语后和段落主题句、 提问处和强逻辑关系处 —— 提高记笔记质量 （3） 关键词语 关键词语—— ——提高记笔记质量 ） 大多数是实词（即动词名词形容词副词 大多数是实词（即动词名词形容词副词） ，重心靠后 end -focus —— 提高记笔记速度 （4） 常用缩略语和符号 常用缩略语和符号—— ——提高记笔记速度 在记录时不必拘于形式，做一些只要自己能明白的简单符 号记录即可，特别是众多的数字、时间、日期、人名、地 名更需要我们做些笔记。Note down the key words with short hand format 1.Omit vowels from middle o f words, only retaining consonants to provide recognizable skeleton of the words, examples: bkgd = Background mvmtt=Movemen prblm=problem 2. Use only the first syllable of a word, examples: Pol=politics Dem=democracy Cap=capitalism 3. Use the entire first syllable and the first letter of the second syllable Subj=subject Tot= totalitarianism 极权主义 Ind=individual 4. Use just enough of a word to form a recognizable abbreviation, examples: Assoc=associated Achi =achievement Info=information 5. Use g to represent for ng ending Decrg=decreasing Ckg=checking Estabg=establishing