_美国空军飞行人员主要疾病特许飞行统计分析

美国空军飞行人员主要疾病特许飞行统计分析

张　凌，王广云，邹志康，郑　军，崔　丽，张向阳，王　佳，鲍冬旭，王爱荷，王建昌

[摘要]目的　了解美国空军飞行人员心血管、骨与关节、眼、精神与神经等疾病特许飞行情况。方法　以美国空军航空医学咨询部（Aeromedical Consultation Service，ACS）2015年9月发布的疾病案例数据为统计对象，按人员类别进行特许人数分析。结果　5类主要疾病统计结果显示，心血管疾病鉴定3 456例，特许2 929例，占85.15%，其中FC Ⅱ类特许1 664例，占56.81%，冠心病鉴定人数为185例，特许115例，占62.16%；眼科疾病鉴定17 620例，特许14 220例，占80.70%；骨与关节疾病鉴定3 699例，特许2 983例，占80.64%，其中FC Ⅱ类特许1 638例，占54.36%；精神疾病鉴定4 676例，特许2 164例，占46.28%，情绪障碍、适应障碍、酒精滥用、焦虑症、注意力缺陷型（伴）多动症（障碍）5种疾病占鉴定的90.93%，FC Ⅰ类、FC Ⅱ类、FC Ⅲ类特许分别为55.41%、60.63%、45.93%；神经疾病鉴定3 868例，特许2 588例，占66.91%。发病率较高为头痛、创伤性脑损伤、睡眠障碍及晕厥，其中头痛鉴定1 643例，特许785例，占47.78%，FC Ⅰ类、FC Ⅱ类、FC Ⅲ类特许分别为77.43%、76.12%、62.03%。结论　航空医学鉴定科学管理大大提升了飞行人员疾病特许的精准性，航空医学专家鉴定工作成效明显，使80%以上的患病人员返回飞行岗位，为最大化保留有作战经验的现役飞行人员，维护空军战斗力作出了贡献。

[关键词]航空医学；飞行人员；美国空军；医学鉴定；诊断；特许

[中图分类号] R851.3 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 2095-3402（2016）01-041-07

Statistical analysis of major disease waivers in the United States Air Force aircrew

ZHANG Ling*, WANG Guangyun, ZOU Zhikang, ZHENG Jun, CUI Li, ZHANG Xiangyang, WANG Jia, BAO Dongxu, WANG Aihe, WANG Jianchang. *Department of Information, Air Force General Hospital, Beijing 100142, China

Corresponding author：WANG Jianchang, E-mail:kzdw66@

[Abstract]Objective　To review waiver progression of cardiovascular, bone and joint, ophthalmology, psychiatric and neurological disorders in the US Air Force (USAF) aircrew, and provide the information as reference to study. Method　Disease waiver cases data of the Aeromedical Consultation Service (ACS) and the number of individuals in the category is analyzed as the statistical object. Results　Statistical results of 5 major diseases are shown as follows: in 3 456 cardiovascular submissions, 2 929 (85.15%) were waived. Among them, FC Ⅱ accounted for 1 664 (56.81%). The number of coronary heart disease was 185, waived 115 (62.16%); in 17 620 ophthalmologic disease submissions, waived 14 220 (80.70%); in 3 699 bone and joint disease submissions, waived cases accounted for 2 983 (80.64%). Among FC Ⅱ accounted for 1 638 (54.36%); in 4 676 mental illness submissions, waived cases accounted for 2 164 (46.28%). 5 kinds of diseases were mood disorders, adaptive disorder, alcohol abuse, anxiety disorders, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder accounting for 90.93%, FC Ⅰ, FC Ⅱ and FC Ⅲ accounted for 55.41%, 60.63%, 45.93% respectively. In 3 868 neurological disorder submissions, waived cases accounted for 2 588 (66.91%), headache, traumatic brain injury, sleep disorders and syncope had shown high incidence. In 1 643 headacheindividuals, waived cases accounted for 785 (47.78%), and FC Ⅰ77.43%, FC Ⅱ 76.12%, FC Ⅲ 62.03%. Conclusion　Scientific management of aviation medical evaluation and identification greatly enhanced accuracy of USAF aircrew waiver, improved efficiency of Aeromedical Consulting Services obviously, maximized conservation of experienced active flight personnel. More than 80% individuals returned to active flight duty, made great contribution to maintain combat power for the USAF.

[Key words] Aviation medicine; Aircrew; US Air Force; Medical certification; Diagnosis; Waiver

基金项目：全军后勤科研重大项目（AKJ15J001）；全军后勤科研“十二五”重大项目（AKJ11J003）

作者单位：100142　北京，空军总医院信息科（张凌、张向阳、王佳、鲍冬旭、王爱荷），科训科（王广云），招飞体检队（邹志康），全军临床航空医学中心（郑军、崔丽），空军总医院（王建昌）

通讯作者：王建昌，E-mail：kzdw66@