英语中关系代词的省略与不省略(个人整理全)

英语中关系代词的省略与不省略(个人整理全)
-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
英语中关系代词的省略与不省略（个人整理全）
个人总结:
其实主要还是在非限制性定语从句，在定语从句中作主语，与介词连接的时候一般先行词不省略，做补语，状语定语从句中做宾语，大部分情况都可以省略，下方与介词连接的时候注意有两种，一种与介词连在一起的不能省，一种介词在后边与动词连接，关系代词自己放句子最前边的情况下，关系代词也可省略。

一、英语定语从句中关系词的省略与不省略。

1.关系代词
Which, who, whom, that 在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。

E.g.：Here is the man (who/ that/ whom) you’ve been looking for.
以下情况不能省略：
（1）介词＋whom 与介词＋ which 中， whom, which 不能省略。

E.g.：Do you know any shops nearby in which I can buy flowers?
E.g.: That’s the headmaster with whom my father was talking just now.
注意：当介词放在动词后时，which, whom 就可以省略。

E.g.: Who is the man (whom) you talked with just now.
(2).在非限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词也不能省略。

E.g.: Mr. Green, whom you know, is the tallest in our school.
E.g.: The elephant looks like a spear, as anybody can see.
(3).在 the same…as , such…as, as…….as , the same….that中， as, that, 即使作宾语，也不能省略。

E.g.: I have bought the same bicycle as you have( 这里可以理解为省略bought) (指同类用as)
The same …….as : 与…..相同/一样/一致。

This is the same book that I read the day before yesterday. (that 指同一个)
（4）当由and, but, or 等连词连接两个或两个以上的定语从句修饰一个先行词时，第一个关系代词可省，但第二、第三个不可省略。

E.g.: This is the book (which) I read yesterday and which I find very interesting.
二、当 that 在从句中作补语时可省略。

E.g.: He is not the man (that) he used to be.
E.g.: She is all (that) a teacher should be.
三．在there be 结构中出现定语从句，或在定语从句中出现there be 时，用作主语的关系代词也可省略。

E.g.: There is a man downstairs ( who) wants to see you.
E.g.: This is the best dictionary (that) there is in the library.
四、状语的省略。

（1）当先行词是reason，而且定语从句在句中作原因状语时，关系代词可用why , that，也可以省略。

E.g.: the reason (why/that) he failed,……..
(2) 当先行词是way，且后边的定语从句再句中作方式状语时，关系代词可用in which/ that, 也可省略。

E.g.: The way ( in which/that) these comrades look at problems is wrong.
E.g.: That was the way (in which/that) she worked the problem out.
注意：当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，不省略。

E.g.: I don’t know the way that/which leads to the top of the mountains.
(3) 当先行词时time时，关系代词可用when/that/ 或省略
E.g.: The second time (that) I saw him was in 1980.
E.g.: I don’t know the exact time (when/that) the sports meet.。