高考英语翻译技巧和方法完整版及练习题

高考英语翻译技巧和方法完整版及练习题
一、高中英语翻译
1．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．她五年前开始拉小提琴。

(play)
2．由于天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。

(owing)
3．每位设计师都希望自己的作品能经受时间的考验。

(stand)
4．能否抵御网络游戏的诱惑是摆在中学生面前的一道难题。

(It)
5．在展览会上，公司销售经理展示了孩子们翘首以盼的新型电子玩具。

(demonstrate)
【答案】
1．She began to play the violin five years ago.
2．Owing to bad weather, the flight was delayed for a couple of hours.
3．Every designer hopes that his work can stand the test of time.
4．It is a difficult problem for high school students whether they can resist the temptation of online games.
5．At the exhibition, the company’s sales manager demonstrated the new type of electronic toys (which/that) children were looking forward to.
【解析】
1．根据“五年前”确实时态，可知用一般过去时，注意短语play the violin。

【考点定位】考查动词时态、习语及表达能力。

2．根据提示词可知，由于译为：owing to ，此处to是介词。

注意用被动语态，因为航班被推迟。

【考点定位】考查介词短语及被动语态。

3．此句希望（hope）是谓语动词，后接宾语从句。

时态用一般现在时。

【考点定位】考查宾语从句及时态。

4．此句it是形式主语，whether引导主语从句，时态一般现在时。

短语：抵御诱惑resist the temptation。

【考点定位】考查主语从句及形式主语it的用法。

5．注意句子结构的安排，“孩子们翘首以盼的”应译为定语从句。

时态用一般过去时。

【考点定位】考查定语从句及相关短语的表达。

2．高中英语翻译题：Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．为了安全起见，小孩不应该被单独留在家里。

(leave)
_________________
2．深深吸了一口气，他面带微笑地走上了舞台。

(with)
_________________
3．一个人待人处世的方式能反映出他是怎样的人。

(the way)
_________________
4．只有当一系列奇数问题得到解决，到 2025 年，新能源汽车才能占汽车销量的百分之二十。

(Only)
_________________
【答案】
1．For the sake of safety/ For safety, children / a child should not be left alone at home 2．Having taken a deep breath, he went up to the stage with a smile on his face.
3．The way a person treats others can reflect what kind of person he is.
4．Only when a series of technical problems are solved can new energy cars account for 20 percent of all the car sales by 2025.
【解析】
【分析】
本题考查翻译，注意使用括号内的提示词进行翻译。

1．考查被动语态和“leave+宾语+宾补”结构。

根据句意可知本句使用 leave sb alone表示“把某人单独留下”，children / a child与leave之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，故翻译为：For the sake of safety/ For safety, children / a children should not be left alone at home
2．考查非谓语动词。

he与take a deep breath之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，而且take a deep breath明显发生在went up to之前，所以用现在分词的完成式作状语，故翻译为：Having taken a deep breath, he went up to the stage with a smile on his face.
3．考查定语从句和宾语从句。

way作先行词，定语从句的关系词，有三中引导方法：in which，that或省略，reflect为宾语从句，从句中缺少表语，用what引导，故翻译为：The way a person treats others can reflect what kind of person he is.
4．考查倒装。

account for表示“占（比例）”，“only+状语”位于句首时，其后要用部分倒装，故翻译为：Only when a series of technical problems are solved can new energy cars account for 20 percent of all the car sales by 2025.
3．高中英语翻译题：Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．任何人都不可能轻而易举获得成功。

(ease)
________________________
2．遇到紧急情况一定要冷静，否则可能会造成严重后果。

(or)
________________________
3．我们只有学会尊重人际间的差异，才能避免误会，与他人建立和谐的关系。

(Only)
________________________
4．令教练欣慰的是，整个辩论队齐心协力，克服了遇到的各种困难，最终所有的努力都得到了回报。

(reward v.)
________________________
【答案】
1． It is impossible for anyone to achieve success with ease./ Nobody can achieve success with ease.
2． Keep calm/ Calm down in emergency, or it can bring about/cause serious consequences. 3． Only by learning to respect interpersonal differences/differences between(among) people can we avoid misunderstanding and build harmonious relationships with others.
4．To the coach’s relief, all the debate/debating team memb ers have worked
together/cooperated to overcome various difficulties they met with/encountered/came across, and all their efforts have finally been rewarded.
【解析】
1．本句关键词（组）：achieve success“取得成功”，with ease“熟练地；不费力地”。

根据句意可知，此处描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时。

故译为It is impossible for anyone to achieve success with ease./ Nobody can achieve success with ease.
2．本句关键词（组）：keep calm/ calm down“保持冷静”，emergency“紧急情况”，bring about/cause serious consequences“造成严重后果”。

根据句意及提示可知，此处应使用句型：“祈使句，or+将来时的句子”。

故译为Keep calm/ Calm down in emergency, or it can bring about/cause serious consequences.
3．本句关键词（组）：interpersonal differences/differences between(among) people“人际间的差异”，avoid misunderstanding“避免误会”，build harmonious relationships with others“与他人建立和谐的关系”。

only位于句首时，主句使用部分倒装结构。

故译为Only by learning to respect interpersonal differences/differences between(among) people can we avoid misunderstanding and build harmonious relationships with others.
4．本句关键词（组）：to the coach’s relief“令教练欣慰的是”，worked
together/cooperated“齐心协力”，overcome various difficulti es“克服各种困难”，meet with/ encounter/come across“遇到”。

根据句意及提示可知，此处主句应使用现在完成时。

故译为To the coach’s relief, all the debate/debating team members have worked together/cooperated to overcome various difficulties they met with/encountered/came across, and all their efforts have finally been rewarded.
4．高中英语翻译题：Directions：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．晚上别喝太多的咖啡，会睡不着觉的。

（or）
2．事实证明，保持快乐的心态会降低得心脏病的风险。

（It）
3．乐观的人不会过分怀念美好的旧时光，因为他们正忙着创造新的回忆。

（create）4．追求稳定并不是什么坏事，很多时候这样的态度在促使我们提升自我、挑战难度、攀登高峰。

（when）
【答案】
1．Don’t drink too much coffee at night, or you won’t be able to sleep.
2． It is proved that keeping a happy mind reduces the risk of heart diseases. 3．Optimistic people don’t miss the good old days to o much, because they are busy creating
new memories.
4． The pursuit of stability is not a bad thing. (and) There are many times when such an attitude drives us to improve ourselves, challenge difficulties, and climb peaks.
【解析】
【分析】
本题考查翻译，用括号所给的词将中文翻译成英文。

翻译要注意句子的时态和语法的运用。

1．考查祈使句。

祈使句 + and/or，前面的祈使句表示条件，or或and引导的分句表示结果这里表示转折关系，故用or。

故答案为Don’t drink too much coffee at night, or you won’t be able to sleep.
2．考查名词性从句。

翻译时句中用it作形式主语，真正的主语为从句thatkeeping a happy mind reduces the risk of heart diseases.，从句翻译时要注意动名词作主语。

故答案为It is proved that keeping a happy mind reduces the risk of heart diseases.
3．考查动词。

翻译时注意短语be busy doing忙于做……，时态用一般现在时。

故答案为Optimistic people don’t miss the good old days too much, because they are busy creating new memories.
4．考查定语从句。

先行词为times，在定语从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when引导。

故答案为The pursuit of stability is not a bad thing. (and) There are many times when such an attitude drives us to improve ourselves, challenge difficulties, and climb peaks.
5．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
96．今年除夕你计划在哪里过？(plan)
97．下雨天上海的道路总是比平时更拥堵。

(than)
98．是一个外国人不顾自己的安危救了那个轻生的男子。

(It)
99．那天傍晚我一走出校门就遇到了一个多年不见的小学同班同学。

(No sooner)
100．无论谁想要成功必先明白这个道理“成功来自艰苦的付出和坚持不懈”。

(Whoever)
【答案】
1．Where are you planning to celebrate the New Year’s Eve this year?
97．Roads in Shanghai always get/become more crowded /hold up more traffic than usual on rainy days.
98．It was a foreigner that/who saved the man trying/who tried to kill himself/ commit suicide without considering his own safety.
99．No sooner had I left the school that early evening than I met with/bumped into/came across/encountered a classmate of mine in primary school (whom) I hadn’t seen for ages/years. 100．Whoever wants to be successful should first understand the principle that success comes from hard effort/work and persistence/perseverance
【解析】
1．本题提示词为plan，除夕翻译为“New Year’s Eve”。

97．本题考查比较级，“比平时”翻译为“than usual”.
98．本题考查强调句、定语从句和非谓语的翻译。

首先强调句结构“it is(was)…that/who” ；那个轻生的男子,需要处理为定语从句，翻译为“the man who tried to kill himse lf/ commit suicide”; 不顾“without considering”.
99．倒装句和定语从句的翻译。

一…就“No sooner had sb．done sth．than sb．did sth.”; 多年不见的小学同学可以处理成定语从句，翻译为“(whom) I hadn’t seen for ages/years.”；100．本题考查主语从句和同位语的翻译，句子结构比较复杂。

首先“无论谁想要成功”用主语从句“Whoever wants to be successful”。

其次，“这个道理“成功来自艰苦的付出和坚持不懈”这半句话涉及使用同位语从句。

理清关系后，本句也并没有想象中那么复杂。

6．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．他一交试卷就意识到忘记写名字了。

（Hardly）
2．这家医院装备了现代化的设施，而且人们乘地铁可以到达。

（accessible）
3．在这样一个快速变化的社会，人们担心不能得到最新资讯并落后于他人。

（afraid）4．抱着努力不会白费的信念，他经历了起起伏伏，最终取得了成功。

（belief）
【答案】
1．Hardly had he handed in the test paper when he realized that he had forgotten to write his name on it.
2．This hospital is equipped with modern facilities and is accessible by underground.
3．In such a rapidly changing society, people are afraid of not being able to get the latest information and thus falling behind others. / In such a rapidly changing society, people are afraid that they will not be kept updated with the latest information and thus fall behind.
4．Holding /With the belief that his efforts will pay off can’t be in vain/ won’t be wasted will be rewarded/no effort will turn out to be a waste, he achieved success in the end and after going through ups and downs.
【解析】
1．考查倒装句。

根据句意及提示词可知，本句关键词（组）：hand in“提交”，realize“意识到”，要使用hardly…when…句型，主句使用过去完成时，从句使用一般过去时，hardly位于句首时，主句使用部分倒装结构。

故译为：Hardly had he handed in the test paper when he realized that he had forgotten to write his name on it.
2．考查accessible的用法。

根据句意及提示词可知，本句关键词（组）：be equipped with mo dem facilities“装备了现代化的设施”，accessible“易接近的；可进入的”，此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。

故译为：This hospital is equipped with modem facilities and is accessible by underground.
3．考查afraid的用法。

根据句意及提示词可知，本句关键词（组）：such a rapidly changing society“这样一个快速变化的社会”，be afraid of/that“担心，害怕”，be able to
do“能够做某事”，get the latest information“得到最新资讯”，fall behind“落后”，此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。

故译为：In such a rapidly changing society, people are afraid of not being able to get the latest information and thus falling behind others. /In such a rapidly changing society, people are afraid that they will not be kept updated with the latest information and thus fall behind.
4．考查belief的用法。

根据句意及提示词可知，本句关键词（组）：hold/with the
belief“坚持信念”，pay off/ can’t be in vain/ won’t be wasted/ will be rewarded/no effort will turn out to be a waste“不会白费”, achieve success“取得了成功”，go through ups and downs“经历了起起伏伏”。

此处描述的“信念”是客观真理，应使一般现在时或将来时，“取得成功”属于过去，应使用一般过去时。

故译为：Holding /With the belief that his efforts will pay off/ can’t be in vain/ won’t be wasted/ will be rewarded/no effort will turn out to be a waste, he achieved success in the end and after going through ups and downs.
7．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．女孩子们没有必要在深夜为了省钱而去拼车。

（need n.）
2．在现代社会中，年轻人承受着巨大的压力，这会导致平均寿命的缩短。

(which)
3．他在联合国大会上关于消除性别歧视的演讲获得了高度赞扬。

(compliment)
4．他在最后期限到之前全身心投入论文的写作，最终因为劳累病了。

( down)
【答案】
1． There is no need for girls to share a car at midnight to save money.
2． Young people are under a lot of stress in the modern society, which will result in/ cause/ lead to the shortening of average life expectance.
3． His speech on eliminating gender prejudice at the conference in the United Nations received great compliments.
4． He had been devoted to the essay writing before the deadline and eventually was down with tiredness.
【解析】
【分析】
本题考查翻译句子，注意一些固定短语和固定句型的使用，同时也要注意名词单复数及非谓语动词。

1．本题的难点在于There is no need for sb to do句型，注意拼车可以用share a car来表示。

2．本题的难点在于非限定性定语从句的使用，under stress表示“承受压力”。

3．本题需要注意compliment是可数名词，此处要使用复数形式。

4．本题需要注意be devoted to后需要接动名词或名词作宾语，be down with表示“由于……病倒了”。

8．高中英语翻译题：Translation
1．说到故宫新开的火锅餐厅，许多网民指责其过度商业化。

（ accuse）
2．在二十世纪五十年代，尽管他对古典音乐心怀热情，但他不得不向现实低头。

(despite) 3．学术造假如此致命，一个小事就可以毁了一个好不容易建立的名声。

（So）
4．一个有远见的领导能让其员工客服软肋，发挥潜能，齐心协力，从而打造一支高效的团队。

（thus ）
【答案】
1．Speaking of /talking of /When it comes to the hotpot restaurant opened recently/the newly-build hotpot restaurant in Imperial Palace/Forbidden City, many netizens accuse it of its over-commercialization./ it is accused of its over-commercialization.
2．In the 1950s, despite his passion for classic music, he had to give in to /surrender to
reality/compromise with the reality/give way to reality/come to terms with reality.
3．So fatal/disastrous/deadly/destructive is academic cheating/misconduct/faking that an incident can ruin a person’s reputation which he has made effort to build up/establish/set
up/build.
4．A leader with vision/of great vision/ a far-sighted leader/a visionary leader enables his employees to overcome/get over the weakness, develop/tap the potential and make
joint/combined efforts, thus building an efficient term.
【解析】
【分析】
1．考查固定短语和动词时态。

固定短语speaking of /talking of /when it comes to表示“说到……；谈起……”；accuse of表示“谴责；指责”；Imperial Palace/Forbidden City“故宫”。

本句为一般现在时，可用netizens作主语，谓语动词用原形；也可用it做主语，用一般现在时的被动语态。

故翻译为Speaking of /talking of /When it comes to the hotpot restaurant opened recently/the newly-build hotpot restaurant in Imperial Palace/Forbidden City, many netizens accuse it of its over-commercialization./ it is accused of its over-commercialization.
2．考查固定短语和动词时态。

固定短语in the 1950s“在二十世纪五十年代”；passion
for“对……强烈爱好”；give in/ surrender to/ compromise with/ give way to/ come to terms with“屈服；投降”；本句考查despite的用法，引导一个让步状语从句，以及句子的让步关系。

结合句意主句应用一般过去时。

故翻译为In the 1950s, despite his passion for classic music, he had to give in to /surrender to reality/compromise with the reality/give way to
reality/come to terms with reality.
3．考查固定句式和定语从句。

固定短语make effort to“努力……”；build up/establish/set
up/build“建立”；本句为固定结构“so+形容词+谓语+主语+that从句”，表示“如此……以至于……”；且为定语从句修饰先行词reputation，先行词在从句中做宾语，指“名誉”应用which引导。

从句中应用现在完成时。

故翻译为So fatal/disastrous/deadly/destructive is academic cheating/misconduct/f aking that an incident can ruin a person’s reputation which he has made effort to build up/establish/set up/build.
4．考查固定短语和thus的用法。

表示“有远见的”可翻译为with vision/of great vision/ a far-
sighted leader/a visionary leader；固定短语enable sb. to do sth.“能让某人做某事”；overcome/get over“克服”；make joint/combined efforts“共同努力”；thus表示“因此，如此”。

故翻译为A leader with vision/of great vision/ a far-sighted leader/a visionary leader enables his employees to overcome/get over the weakness, develop/tap the potential and make joint/combined efforts, thus building an efficient term.
9．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．他排了好几个小时才买到这个新出的iPhone。

（release）
2．一件雕塑赠予了城市博物馆，以纪念两个城市间的珍贵友谊。

（present）
3．他一进饭店，就被告知这家饭店可以手机扫二维码点餐。

（Hardly）
4．虽说忠言逆耳利于行，这个年纪的孩子很叛逆，你越劝，他可能越不会听。

（advice）
【答案】
1．He waited for (several) hours in line/ queued for several hours before he bought/ got the newly-released iPhone./ Having waited/ after waiting for hours in line, he finally bought the newly-released iPhone.
2．A statue/ sculpture was presented to City Musuem/ the museum in this city in honour of/ in memory of/ in remembrance of / to commemorate / to honour the valuable/ precious friendship between the two cities.
3．Hardly had he entered the restaurant when he was informed/ told that he could order the food by scanning the code/ QR code with his mobile phone./use his mobile phone to scan the QR code to order the food.
4．Although faithful/ frank/ honest advice is unpleasant to ear but beneficial to one's behaviour, children of this age are so rebellious that the more advice you give him, the less likely he is to follow it./ The more you try to persuade him, the less likely he is to listen to you.
【解析】
1．考查时态和过去分词作定语。

根据汉语提示可知，本句的基础时态是一般过去时；“排队”wait…in line/ queue，“新出的iPhon e”the newly-released iPhone，其中一个时间状语从句“过了……才……”…before…；本句还可用“排了好几小时队”的现在分词形式作为伴随状语，再结合其他汉语提示，本句可译为：He had waited for (several) hours in line/ queued for several hours before he bought/ got the newly-released iPhone. Having waited/ after waiting for hours in line, he finally bought the newly-released iPhone.
2．考查被动语态和短语。

根据汉语提示可知，本句的基础时态是一般过去时；“以纪念”in memory of/ in remembrance of/ to commemorate/ to honor，“珍贵的友谊”precious/ valuable friendship，雕塑 (statue/sculpture)和赠与(present)之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，再结合其它汉语提示，故本句可译为：A statue/ sculpture was presented to City Musuem/ the museum in this city in honour of/ in memory of/ in remembrance of/ to commemorate/ to honour the valuable/ precious friendship between the two cities.
3．考查部分倒装和被动语态。

根据汉语提示可知，本句的基础时态是一般过去时；“一……
就……”hardly…when…，hardly置于句首时要部分倒装，“告知某人做某事”inform/tell sb. to do sth.，“使用手机扫描二维码”use his mobile phone to scan the QR code/ scan the QR code with his mobile phone，再结合其它汉语提示，故本句可译为：Hardly had he entered the restaurant when he was informed / told that he could order the food by scanning the code / QR code with his mobile phone./use his mobile phone to scan the QR code to order the food.
4．考查让步状语从句和固定句型。

根据提示可知，本句的基础时态是一般现在时；“忠言”faithful/ frank/ honest advice，“越……越……”the + 比较级，the + 比较，“这个年纪的孩子”children of this age，“很有可能做某事”be likely to do sth.，“叛逆的”rebellious，“听取某人的建议”follow one's advice，再结合其它汉语提示，故本句可译为：Although faithful/ frank/ honest advice is unpleasant to ear but beneficial to one's behaviour, children of this age are so rebellious that the more advice you give him, the less likely he is to follow it./ The more you try to persuade him, the less likely he is to listen to you.
【点睛】
第三小题考查固定句型hardly…when…“一……就……”，该句型在时态上有要求，即主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时，如把hardly置于句首时，主语要部分倒装。

例如：
I had hardly fallen asleep when I lay on the bed.我一躺在床上就睡着了。

→Hardly had I fallen asleep when I lay on the bed.
和它用法一样的句型还有no sooner…than…和scarcely…when…，例如：
I had no sooner fallen asleep than I lay on the bed.我一躺在床上就睡着了。

→No sooner had I fallen asleep than I lay on the bed.
10．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences
1．学生在英语写作中词不达意的现象值得每位英语教师关注。

(worth)
2．下周一整周都可以用肉眼观察到火星，这让很多天文(astronomy)爱好者欣喜若狂。

(visible)
3．应当鼓励孩子从小接触音乐，音乐一直被认为是灵感的恒久源泉。

source
4．中日两国的共同利益远远大于分歧，对话与合作始终是两国关系的主流。

（outweigh）
【答案】
1．The phenomenon that students can’t convey/express their id eas is worth paying attention to by every English teacher.
2．Mars will be visible to the naked eye all week next week, which makes many astronomy lovers wild with joy.
3．Kids should be encouraged to be exposed to/ expose themselves to music from an early age because music is regarded as an enduring source of inspiration.
4．The common interests between China and Japan far outweigh their differences, so dialogue and cooperation should remain the main stream of their relations.
【解析】
【分析】
考查句子翻译。

1．考查固定短语和名词性从句。

固定短语be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”，pay attention to“对……的注意”，本句为同位语从句修饰先行词phenomenon。

故翻译为The phenomenon that students can’t convey/express their ideas is worth paying attention to by every English teacher.。

2．考查固定短语和定语从句。

固定短语be visible to“……所看见的”，wild with joy“欣喜若狂”，本句为非限定性定语从句修饰主句，且主句为一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时。

故翻译为Mars will be visible to the naked eye all week next week, which makes many astronomy lovers wild with joy.。

3．考查固定短语和状语从句。

固定短语be exposed to/expose oneself to“接触……”，an enduring source of inspiration“灵感的恒久源泉”，be regarded as“被视为……”，本句为原因状语从句，从句为一般现在时。

故翻译为Kids should be encouraged to be exposed to/ expose themselves to music from an early age because music is regarded as an enduring source of inspiration.。

4．考查固定短语。

固定短语far outweigh“远远大于”，the main stream“主流”。

本句应用一般现在时。

故翻译为The common interests between China and Japan far outweigh their differences, so dialogue and cooperation should remain the main stream of their relations.。