初中英语词汇短语

初中英语词汇短语

1. go + adj. go是系动词。

go作为系动词时，常构成go +adj.转变成，这个结构常表示情况变坏。例如：

The machines go wrong.机器出了毛病。

He went almost mad when he heard the news. 他听到这个消息几乎发疯了。

His illness is going worse.他的病情正恶化。

go hungry挨饿

类似的动词还有，come／run／become等也可作系动词。例如：His dreams came true at last.他的梦想最后实现了。

The famous river finally ran dry.这条著名河流最后干涸了。

2. high高/ highly高度地，非常地

The eagle is flying up high in the sky.

All the people speak highly of that little child.

close接近地closely仔细地，密切地

wide广阔地，充分地widely广泛地

deep深，迟deeply抽象意义的深

3．owe

1) 作及物动词用，意为欠(债)。

①They asked him to pay what he owed them.

他们要他偿还欠他们的债务。

②I owe $ 20 to the tailor.我欠裁缝二十美元。

2) owe还有应把归功于之意。如：

①I owe it to you that Im still alive.

我现在还活着，应该感谢你。

②If I have improved in any way, I owe it all to my teacher.

如果说我有一些进步，这应该全部归功于我的老师。

3) owe亦可解释为应当给予。如：

①You owe me an apology.你得向我道歉。

②I owe you many thanks. 我非常感谢你。

4. award

1、作名词时，award的意思是奖品、奖金，其义与prize近似，两者都指因为作出杰出成就而受奖。

The Olympic winner received a gold medal as an award．

He won the second award of $ 2，000．

2、用作动词时，award的意思是授予、颁发、判给

award sb. sth. /award sth. to sb. 授予某人某物

He was awarded the first prize for Outstanding Industrial Design．他获杰出工业设计一等奖。

评审委员把她的画评为大奖。(award)

1. The judges awarded the first prize to her for her picture.

2. The judges awarded her the first prize for her picture.

5. on the air / in the air

On the air : to be broadcasting on the radio or TV

We shall be on the air in five minutes.

In the air: if a feeling is in the air, a lot of people feel it at the same time. ( 某种感情流传开来)

There is a sense of excitement in the air.

6. live/ alive/ living/ lively

1）alive 意为活着，侧重说明生与死之间的界限，既可指人，也可指物；可用来作表语，后置定语或宾补。The badly wounded soldier was still alive when taken to the

hospital.

No man alive is greater than he. 在活着的人中没有人比他更伟大了。He wanted to keep the fish alive. 他想让鱼活着。

2）living意为活着强调说明尚在人间，健在，可用来指人或物，作定语或表语。例如：

Comrade Wang is really a living Lei Feng in our country.

My first teacher is still living. 我的启蒙老师仍健在。

注意：living 前加上the , 表示类别，指活着的人们。例如：

The living must finish the work of those dead. 活着的人必须完成那些死去的人的事业。

living 还可用于短语，例如：make a living 谋生。

make a / ones living by + ing 通过干谋生

3）live 活着的，通常指物，不指人，常用来作定语放名词的前面。还指实况转播的。例如：

Do you like a live show or a recorded show? 你是喜欢直播还是录音。He said he had seen a live whale. 他说他看见过活鲸鱼。

4）lively 则意为活泼的，活跃，充满生气的，可作定语、表语或宾补，既可指人，又可指物。例如：

Jenny is a lively girl. 詹妮是个活泼的女孩。

Everything is lively here. 这儿一切都生机勃勃。