最新高考英语阅读方法详解

英语阅读讲解

一、历年高考英语阅读材料类型及题型归纳1.材料类型：记叙文、说明文及应用文各出现几篇材料类型出现频率记叙文26篇说明文56篇应用文

13篇

2.题型归纳及举例

在做阅读是，首先要做到

1.带着问题阅读短文——即先快速浏览题干

2.找出主题句、确定中心思想

。

记叙文：阅读时要注意时间、地点人物及发生的故事。说明文：把我所说明的事物的特指和本质。

应用文：应用文范围较广，但题目一般以细节题为主。（1）细节题

细节题是阅读理解中最多的题型，也是相对简单的一部分。细节题只针对某个特定的细节，一般分为：

出现频率

2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 总计

细节26 19 17 20 22 21 24 25 24 26 224

猜词 4 1 4 2 3 4 3 3 3 3 30

主旨10 5 7 3 6 5 6 3 3 4 52

推理 5 4 2 5 5 10 7 9 10 7 64

直接理解题：在原文中可以直接找到答案

词义转换题：正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换

细节题常见提问方式有：

1.Which of the following is true/NOT true in the passage?

2.It was found in the research that________

3.Which is the right order of the events given in the passage?

4. According to the author, the jealousy emotion is________

从中我们可以提炼出一些共性：

which/what...of according to.... we can find that......

When/where/how/what/why..等形式的疑问句

做题方法

一．定位词法：在文中寻找题干中出现的定位词。

定位词一般有：表示人民、地名等的专有名词；表示年份、数字、百分数等的数次；题干中

出现的大写的名词等。例如：

1.According to the author, the jealousy emotion is________.

2.What is the effect of the hole in the ozone layer on Antarctica?

3.We can know that before 1995 Mary_____

二．排除法

错误选项的特征：张冠李戴、断章取义、过度猜测、已然变未然/未然变已然、与原文完全无关等

1.We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by________.

A. making some sounds

B. waving their leaves

C. producing some chemicals

D. sending out electronic signals

2.According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the enose is that it

can________.

A. pick out ripe fruits

B. spot the insects quickly

C. distinguish different damages to the leaves

D. recognize unhealthy tomato leaves

练习

You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the

outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100

years?

Jane Addams (1860-1935)

Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the

poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区) by creating shelters and

promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American

woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.

Rachel Carson (1907-1964)

If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular

1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of

chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.

Sandra Day O’Connor (1930-present)

When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could

not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator（参议

员）and ,in 1981, the first woman to join the U. S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.

Rosa Parks (1913-2005)

On December 1,1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to

a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus

tired I

boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only

was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.

21. What is Jane Addams noted for in history?

A. Her social work.

B. Her teaching skills.

C. Her efforts to win a prize.

D. Her community background.

the law firm?

22. What was the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by

A. Her lack of proper training in law.

B. Her little work experience in court.

C. The discrimination against women.