初中英语知识点总结:宾语从句
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初中英语知识点总结:宾语从句
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
学习宾语从句要抓住三要素:引导词、语序和时态。
1.从句为陈述句,常选择引导词that,that引导宾语从句无意义,不充当句子成分常省略。
例句:He told us they would help us through the whole work.
2.从句为一般疑问句,常选择引导词if或whether,表示“是否”。
在whether … or not 结构中不能用if 替换。
例句:I don’t know if t here will be a bus any more.
3. 从句为特殊疑问句,常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代词、副词作引导词。
例句:He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
1.主句是一般现在时,从句可以为各种时态。
2.主句是一般过去时,从句要用相应过去时态。
注意:从句描绘客观事实、真理、自然现象等,从句时态不受主句时态限制,仍用一般现在时。
例句:He answered that he was listening to me.
Father told me that practice makes perfect .
陈述句语序,就是主语在前,谓语动词在后。
错误:He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.
正确:He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.
注意:宾语从句的否定转移
主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致。
例如:I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.
对于宾语从句的考查,多以单选的形式考查学生灵活运用的能力。
一般情况下,常从引导词的选择、时态的一致性及从句的陈述语序方面考查。
典型例题:Please tell me ______ last year.
does your sister work B where did your sister work
C .where your sister works
D where your sister worked
解析:本题考查对宾语从句的掌握。
宾语从句要用陈述语序,所以排除A和B;last year 表示过去时,所以排除 C .
答案:D
宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序,但要注意当疑问词为主语时,句式为:疑问词+谓语+其他,问句和陈述句语序一样。
典型例题:I didn’t know?
A. What wrong was with her was wrong with her
C .what wrong is with her is wrong with her
解析:主句是一般过去时,从句要用相应过去时态,所以排除C和D;在what was wrong with her中,what作主语,所以问句本身又是陈述句语序,不用变化。
答案:B。