船体结构

Up till now 至 此 ， we have
offered you a general description
concerning the formation of hull . however ， if you want to learn more of the hull construction ，
UNIT FOUR
HULL CONSTRUCT
1、general
A ship is something like a grand 宏 伟的mansion大厦 floating on water and with a number of “floors地板， 层” called decks.
Among them is the upper deck that is the upmost continuous deck from bow 船 首 to stern ； another continuous deck under the upper deck is referred to as the lower deck.;
The type of framing system used is related to与…有关 the type of cargo
carried. For example, tankers are always
constructed with a longitudinal system since tremendous 巨 大 的 transverse
different decks, but separated into various sorts of compartments ，
spaces and cabins as well by “walls” called bulkheads隔壁，舱壁.
The number of bulkheads depends upon seakeeping 适 航 的
Above the upper deck there are also a few other decks，they are the compass指南针、罗经 deck on which navigating instruments are arranged，
the navigating deck where the wheelhouse驾驶室 is situated, the boat deck on which life-boats are fixed，and the accommodation住处 deck where the living quarters生活区 for passengers
and crew are located.
In virtue优点 of the characteristics
of hull construction , the
construction above the upper deck is usually called superstructure上层建 筑 while that under the upper deck
The longitudinal system of framing differs from the above in that the shell and bottom plating is supported by closely space （longitudinal） members running fore and aft. These longitudinal members are then reinforced加强 by widely space transverse frames.
performances and service requirements，with a mininum of
three to four transversal bulkheads 横隔舱壁in the main hull.
Main hull, by its different positions, will be separated into bow section ,midship section and stern section. As usual, each section consists of bottom，side，deck and bulkhead and so on.
members are needed in this system to stiffen加强 the vessel transversely so as not to interfere干扰、妨碍 the carriage
then you must go into the details of primary structures主要构件 of hull.
2. Framing System骨架形式
Basically, there are two broad主要的 systems of framing―the transverse and the longitudinal systems. In the transverse system of framing, the closely 紧 密 的 spaced frames run transversely inside the shell. These transverse frames are further supported by widely space longitudinal members.
is defined as main hull.
For the purpose of reasonable合理 的 arrangement and full utilization 利用 of the inside space, hull is not only cut into some tiers 层 by