新概念英语第二册语法总结:非谓语动词之动名词
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新概念英语第二册语法总结:非谓语动词之动名词
1.动名词定义:具有名词性质,可在句中担任主语,宾语表语,定语,具有所有格作修饰语。
2.形式:以do为例
doing →being done
having done →having been done
3.用法:
(1)主语:
Saving is easier than doing.
His coming here will be a great help.
It is no use waiting here, he has left.
There is no getting along with him.(简直无法和他相处)
(2)表语:
His job is keeping the hall clean as possible.
Seeing is believing.
(3)宾语:
a. 动词宾语:
He admitted taking the book.
I do mind your smoking here.
重磅要点:下列动词须跟动名词作宾语:
admit, appreciate, avoid, complete, delay, deny, enjoy, fancy, finish, mind, practice, resent, risk, suggest, allow, permit...
特注:以allow为例:allow + doing sth(动名词作宾语)。但可以:Allow sb to do sth (不定式作宾补)。
这类动词常见如advise, allow, permit, recommend, etc.
b. 作介词宾语:
He left without saying goodbye to us.
I'm looking forward to meeting you.(to 在这里是介词)
(4)定语:
reading room swimming pool walking stick
4.动名词复合结构:由名词所有格或物主代词与动名词构成。
His leaving is a great loss.
Mother dislikes my (me) working late.
John's having seen her did not make her worried.
注:动名词复合结构多作主语或宾语,作主语是必须是所有格。如上二例,但作宾语时可以用所有格,也可用普通格。
5.动名词时态:
I am thinking of setting a new dictionary.(以后)
He never talked to me about his having been in Paris.(以前)
6.动名词语态:
He doesn't like being flattered.
I heard of his having been chosen to be the coach of the team.
7.动名词与不定式在用法上的几点比较:
(1)在begin,start,continue 等词后用动名词或不定式区别不大。
He began writing / to write in 1980.
(2)下列动词跟不定式或动名词所表示意义差别很大,注意使用。
He stopped talking. 停止讲话。
He stopped to talk. 停下来开始讲话。
Please remember to post the letter. 记住寄走这封信。
I remember posting the letter. 我记得寄出了这封信。
I forgot to lock the door yesterday. 昨天我忘记锁门了。(未锁)
I forgot telling him the news. 我忘了我曾告诉过他这个消息。(做过的事情忘记了)
测试精编
1.The workers favor ________ funds to build the bridge.
A. to raise
B. raising
C. raised
D. rising
2. No one can avoid ________ by one's surroundings.
A. to be influenced
B. having influenced
C. influencing
D. being influenced
3. She doesn't feel like ________ tonight.
A. dancing
B. to dance
C. dance
D. to be
4. Does Mr Wang object to ________ her the money?
A. that we lend
B. be lent
C. lending
D. lend
5. I can still recall ________ with him many years ago.
A. to stay
B. to staying
C. to have stayed
D. having stayed
(后设答案,大家不要偷看哦~(*^__^*) 嘻嘻……)
KEYS
1. B
2. D
3. A
4. C
5. D