托福写作同义词替换词(全)

24
the Internet
≈the information highway(一篇考生作文里Internet被使用十几次是常事儿)
25
honesty
≈integrity
26
strong belief
faith (in)
27
aim
Intention
28
worries
anxieties(是的，这两个词的确都可以加复数）
124
proud（贬义）
Conceited
125
suitable
Fitting
126
most suitable
Optimal
127
lonely
isolated/ alienated
128
alone
Solitary
129
be easily influenced by sth.
be susceptible to sth.（一般是坏事情，比如a disease/ attacks）
Uncertainties
57
a world language
auniversallanguage
58
friends
Companions
59
relaxation
≈recreation
60
self-respect
≈self-esteem and dignity
61
respect sb./ sth.
hold sb./ sth. in high regard
133
interesting
≈stimulating
134
boring
≈monotonous/ repetitive
135
useless
Redundant
136
smart
Intelligent
137
famous
Renowned
138
positive
≈ desirable/ encouraging
71
a very unpleasant way of life
Miseryadj-> miserable
72
a task that requires lots of effort
an arduous task
73
emotion
≈sentiment
74
enemy
≈opponent/ foe
97
youth crime
42
bad behavior
unethical behavior/ immoral behavior
43
organizations that help poor people
charities/charitable organizations
44
difference
Distinction
45
[派生] be different from
31
many different kinds of…
a variety of…/a wide array of…/ a wide range of…
32
wrong ideas held by many people
Misconceptions
33
fame
prestige/ sterling reputation
7
advertisement/ advertising
如果你写过关于广告的题目，就一定体会过不停轮换使用advertisement/ advertising有多郁闷。其实主体段论证中完全可以把广告类细化，比如commercials（电视或者互联网上的广告），flyers（传单广告，北京最常见的形式就是“135****，办证”），billboards（大幅的广告牌）或者non-profit advertisements=public-interest advertisements（公益广告）
≈a mechanism for…
40
a solution to sth.
a remedy for sth.（生活中经常指一种病的治疗方法，但学术写作中经常用来指某种问题的解决方法，注意搭配的介词不同）
41
bad students
≈ unruly students/ disruptive students
4
sadness
sorrow/grief
5
danger
hazard/ peril (后面这个词语气很强，危险程度非同一般) [派生] dangerous；hazardous
6
education
≈schooling（指学校教育，家庭教育则用upbringing/ parenting）[区分]家庭教育的两个词upbringing是从孩子的角度说的，比如children's upbringing；而parenting是从家长的角度来说，比如sensible parenting.
19
choice
Option
20
cooperation
≈collaboration
21
basic structure in a city or a country
Infrastructure
22
tiredness for a long time
Fatigue
23
is a must of
is a prerequisite for（是……的必备先决条件）
≈ juvenile delinquency
98
criminal
offender/≈culprit/≈perpetrator
99
serious crime
heinous crime/ felony
100
a minor crime
amisdemeanor
101
shortage (of)
scarcity (of)/ dearth (of)
Pedestrians
68
old generations in history
Ancestors
69
a person who benefits from sth.
a beneficiary of sth.
70
a disease that spreads quickly
an epidemic（注意这个词虽然是-ic结尾，却不是形容词）
29
influence
impact/repercussion/ implication
30
influence on each other
mutual influence（类似的表达还有mutual respect, mutual trust和mutual understanding/ interaction between A and B/interplay between A and B
be distinct from (adj.)
46
person
Individual
47
personality
≈disposition
48
businesses
enterprises（这里指企业）
49
prices that are too high
exorbitant prices
50
the rate of…
130
is better than
is superior to
131
not as good as…
is inferior to
132
be the same
be identical/ be homogenous/ be uniform（后面两个词比较正式，一般是说cultural globalization的时候常用，现在理解为什么小幅的名词叫school uniforms了吧，就是让大家都看起来一样的衣服）
102
the only one
an exception
103
places where animals live
Habitat
形容词
104
worrying
≈disturbing
105
very popular
prevalent/ ubiquitous
106
TRUE
genuine (truly a genuinely)
同义词替换词
国内考生常用的表达
更得分的表达方式
名词
1
things that one tries hard to do
one's undertakings/ one's commitments
2
The fact is that…
The reality is that…
3
joy
happiness/delight/ enjoyment
107
deep
profound（深刻的，后面经常跟wisdom/ truths/ understanding/ impact/ thoughts）
108
strong
powerful/ mighty
109
weak
≈ vulnerable
110
hard-working
industrious（注意不是industrial，而diligent那个词在美语中是个挺大的词）
111
very disappointing
Lamentable可悲的/ pathetic
112
be good (for)
be beneficial (to) = be in the best interests (of)
113
be not as good as
be inferior to
114
be better than
119
cannot be turned back
be irreversible
120
produce useful results
Productive
121
practical
≈ realistic
122
mature
sophisticated（这个词指人的时候意思是思维成熟老练的）
123
selfish
self-centered/ materialistic/ego-centric
8
car
Automobile
9
economic crisis
economic meltdown（很接近）/recession（这个一般仅仅还是衰退）/the Great Depression（这个则是特指1929年开始的那次了）
10
famous people
celebrities（单数为celebrity）
15
[派生] skilled
adept/ adroit(adj.)
16
method
methodology (国外学术写作中超级常用的词，基本就是method的故作高深版）
17
field
sphere/ domain/ arena
18
understanding of
≈grasp of/ command of
62
[反义] look down on…
treat … with contempt =despise(v.)
63
self-control
self-discipline
64
criminal
Convict
65
prisoner
Inmate
66
drinks
≈ alcoholic beverages
67
people who walk on the street
34
range
≈spectrum
35
sense
≈ recognition
36
part
component（这个词不仅指零件，在学术写作中也经常指“部分”）
37
wise
[相关] sensible (adj.)
38
gap
Disparity
39
a system for a particular purpose
the incidence of…（后面一般跟坏事儿，比如unemployment/ crime/ a disease）
51
intense enthusiasm
zeal/ passion
52
cultural globalization（有过多人使用这个词）
global culturalhomogenization
53
a thing that is necessary
a necessity
54
a thing that is new and interesting
a novelty
55
a thing that is rare
a rarity
56
things that people are not sure about
11
human beings（备考生使用过多）
humanity（注意这个词的单数指人类，复数指人文学科）/the human race
12
wealth
fortune(s)（fortune作财富的意思时可以加复数）
13
[相关] rich
wealthy/ affluent (adj.)
14
skill
≈technique(注意这个词的正确解释是技能或者方法，而不是technology科技)
be superior to
115
uninteresting
mundane（注意这个词其实再美国很多时候并不是“世俗的”意思/humdrum
116
manyBiblioteka Baidu
numerous（注意要跟可数名词）
117
complicated
Intricate
118
strange
odd/ bizarre/eccentric（单weird有点过于口语化了）