室内火灾动力学 翻译
消防英语专业词汇(G)
消防英语专业词汇(G)消防英语专业词汇(G)消防英语专业词汇(G)g =gas 气体ga =gas alarm 毒气警报gable 三角墙gabled roof 人字屋顶gafes =gas aerosol fire extinguishing system 气溶胶灭火系统gage pressure 表压gage 表gal 伽重力加速度单位gale 大风gallery over the main hall 走马廊gallery 长廊galley 厨房gallon 加仑gallons per minute 加仑分gallows 门式梯架galvanized steel shingle 镀锌屋面板galvanometer 电流安培计gambrel roof 斜折线形屋顶game plan 作战方案gamma brass γ黄铜gamma iron γ铁gamma ray γ射线gang welding 组合焊接gangrene 坏趄gangway door 舷门gangway 过道gantry 尾部梯架garage 汽车修理工厂garbage chute 垃圾卸槽garbage 垃圾garden apartment 花园公寓garret 阁楼gas =gasometer 气量计gas absorbent 气体吸收剂gas absorption 瓦斯吸附gas accumulation 瓦斯聚集gas air alarm 气体-空气报警器gas alarm 毒气警报gas analysis 气体分析gas appliance 煤气用具gas ballast pump = vented-exhaust mechanical pump 载气真空泵gas ballast 气镇gas barrier 气体障壁gas bottle 气瓶gas burner 煤气喷灯gas burning system 燃气系统gas burst 气体爆炸gas carbon 气炭gas cartridge fire extinguisher 贮气瓶式灭火器gas cartridge operated fire extinguisher 贮气瓶式灭火器灭火剂充装在筒体内gas cartridge 贮气瓶gas chromatography 气体色谱法gas coal 烟煤gas collection 集气gas collector 煤气聚集器gas combustion 气体燃烧gas concentration 气体浓度gas constant 气体常数gas container system 贮气瓶系统gas container 气体容器gas control 瓦斯泄出控制gas cutting 气割gas cylinder 气瓶gas defense 防毒gas density 气体密度gas detecting system 气体探测系统gas detection system 气体探测系统gas detection 瓦斯检查gas detector 气体探测器gas diffusing exponent 气体扩散指数gas diffusion 气态扩散gas dynamics 气体动力学gas emission 瓦斯喷出gas equation 气体方程式gas eruption 气体喷发gas evolution 气体逸出gas examination 气体验查〔分析gas exhaust 排气gas exhauster 排气机gas exploder 气爆震源gas explosion =firedamp explosion 瓦斯爆炸gas explosion accident 瓦斯爆炸事故gas explosion prevention 防止瓦斯爆炸gas explosion 瓦斯爆炸gas extinguishant 气体灭火剂gas extinguishing agent 气体灭火剂gas fire detector 气体火灾探测器gas fire test 气体燃烧试验gas fired boiler 燃气锅炉gas fired oven and range 炼气炉灶gas firing 煤气燃烧gas flooding extinguishing system 气体淹没灭火系统gas flow 燃气流gas forming paint 发气油漆gas free 不含气的gas fuel 气体燃料gas furnace 煤气炉gas heater 煤气取暖器gas heating 煤气供暖gas holder 煤气罐gas ignition 瓦斯燃烧gas indicator 瓦斯检定器gas jet 煤气喷嘴gas kit 携带式配套工具gas law 气体定律gas leak detector 漏气检验器gas leak indicator 漏气检定器gas leakage detection system 煤气泄漏探测系统gas leakage 燃气泄漏gas lighter 气体打火机gas line 气管gas liquor 煤气水gas log 圆木形煤气炉gas main 总气管gas mantle 白炽罩gas mask canister 防毒面具罐gas mask charcoal 防毒面具用炭gas mask for civilian 民众防毒面具gas mask with valve expiration 带阀呼吸面具gas mask 防毒面具gas measurement device 气体测量装置gas metal arc welding 气体保护金属极电弧焊gas mixing station 混气站gas mixture 混合气gas monitor 气体监测器gas of combustion 燃烧废气gas oil 瓦斯油gas outburst 瓦斯喷出gas passage 煤气通道gas phase combustion 气相燃烧gas pilot 煤气引燃器gas pipe line 煤气管道gas pipe 煤气管gas pit 逸气坑gas pressure regulating system station 煤气调压站gas pressure water tank 气压水罐gas producer 煤气发生炉gas proof 防毒气gas protection 毒气防护gas province 气区gas radiator 煤气辐射供暖器gas range 煤气灶gas reaction 气体反应gas regulator 煤气调节阀gas release 气喷gas ring 煤气灶gas rush 气喷gas seal 气封gas sealing 气封gas shelter 避毒所gas shutoff 煤气关闭阀gas smothering system in machinery space 机舱惰性气体灭火装置gas stand pipe system 气体竖管系统gas station 加油站gas stove 煤气炉gas tank 煤气罐gas tight seal 气密密封gas tight=gas-tight 气密的gas tube 充气管gas tungsten arc welding 钨电极惰性气体保护焊gas turbine 燃气锅轮gas valve 煤气阀gas vent line 排气管gas vent 排气管gas waste 废气gas wave 气波gas welding 气焊gas well 天然气井gas zone 含气岩层gas 气体gas-aerosol fire extinguishing system 气体-气溶胶灭火系统gas-air flame 气体-空气焰gas-air interface 气体-空气界面gas-air mixer 汽油空气混合器gas-air mixture 汽油-空气混合气gas-and-dust mixture 瓦斯-尘末混合物gas-asphyxiating accident 瓦斯窒息事故gas-filled arrester 充气避雷器gas-fired 燃气的gas-liquid mixture 气体-液体混合剂gas-phase ignition 气态点火gas-proof shelter 避毒所gas-protection boot 防毒靴gas-protection clothing 防毒衣gas-protection cover 防毒帐盖gas-protection goggles 防毒眼镜gas-protection room 避毒室gas-protection suit 防毒服一种衣裤连体的气密服装gas-protective gloves 防毒手套gas-sensing fire detector 气敏火灾探测器gas-tanker 气槽车gas-testing lamp 沼气检验灯gaseous agent 气体灭火剂gaseous blast 喷气流gaseous combustion wave 燃气波gaseous combustion 气态燃烧gaseous combustion 气体燃烧gaseous contaminant 气态污染物gaseous contamination 气体污染gaseous current 气流gaseous detonation 气体爆炸gaseous diffusion 气体扩散gaseous discharge 气体放电gaseous effluent 排气gaseous effusion 气体喷发gaseous emission 气体排出物gaseous environment 气体环境gaseous escape 气体逸出gaseous extinguishing agent 气体灭火剂gaseous fuel 气体燃料gaseous hydrogen system 气态氢系统gaseous mine 瓦斯矿gaseous mixture 气体混合物gaseous state 气态gaseous substance 气态物质gaseous waste 废气gaseous-and-dusty mine 多尘瓦斯矿gasification 气化gasify 气化gasket 密封垫〔片gasol 气体油gasoline carrier 汽油储箱gasoline engine driven 汽油机驱动gasoline fire 汽油火灾gasoline gel 凝固汽油gasoline substitute 汽油代用品gasoline tank 汽油箱gasoline tanker 汽油槽车gasoline truck 汽油卡车gasoline 汽油gasoline-air mixture 汽油-空气混合气gasometer 贮气罐gasometry 气体定量gasproof mask 防毒面具gasproof 防毒气的gassed 毒气中毒的gassing 吹气gassy colliery 瓦斯煤矿gassy mine 瓦斯矿gassy seam 瓦斯煤层gassy 气体的gated outlet 闸门出水口gated valve 闸阀general evacuation 全部疏散general power 总电源general site plan 总平面图generator source 电源generator 发电机geometric isomer 同分异构体glass cup burner system 杯式燃烧器系统globe warning effect 地球预报效应glyceryl trinitrate 三硝酸甘油酯gr-s =government rubber-styrene 丁苯橡胶gr.wt =gross weight 总重grab bar 扶手杠grade ability 爬坡能力grade entrance 有坡度的入口grade of explosive 炸药级别gradient wind 梯度风grading schedule for municipal fire protection 城市消防分级制grading schedule 分级制美国保险商用来评定地区或团体的消防情况的扣分分级法。
消防专业词汇英语翻译
消防专业词汇英语翻译(S-T)消防专业词汇英语翻译(S-T)S.B.C. = Standard Building Code 标准建筑规范S.M.B. =State Mining Bureau 州矿业局S.M.R.B. = Safety in Mines Research Board 矿山安全研究委员会S.M.R.E. =Safety in Mines Research EstablishmentS.M.R.T.B. = Safety in Mines Research and Testing Branch 矿山安全研究试验所S= 熵SA = Science Abstracts 《科学文摘》SAA =Standard Association of Australia 澳大利亚标准协会safe allowable floor load 楼板安全允许荷载safe area 安全区safe atmosphere 安全气氛safe capacity 安全承载能力safe charge 安全装药safe circuit 安全电路safe concentration 安全浓度safe condition 安全状况safe container 安全集装箱safe control 安全控制safe criterion 安全准则safe current carrying capacity 安全载流量safe current 安全电流safe curtain 防火幕safe dispersing area 安全疏散面积safe distance 安全距离safe dust concentration 安全含尘浓度safe egress 安全出口safe escape appliance 安全逃生器具safe escape 安全疏散safe evacuation 安全疏散safe film 安全胶片safe floor 安全层safe guard 安全措施safe illumination 安全照明safe in operation 安全操作safe limit 安全界限safe load 安全载荷safe location 安全部位safe operating pressure 安全操作压力safe operation 安全操作safe place 安全场所safe practice 安全惯例safe refuge 避难所safe reliability 安全可靠性safe temperature 安全温度safe 安全的safeguard construction 安全结构safeguard measure 保证措施safeguard practice 保护性措施safeguard structure 防护结构safeguard 防护safeguarding structure 防护构筑物safeguarding 安全防护safelight box 安全灯箱safelight 安全灯safety explosive 安全炸药safety accessory 安全设备safety accommodation 安全设备safety aids 安全设备safety alarm device 安全警报装置safety alarm 安全警报safety alert symbol 安全惊叹号safety apparatus 安全设备safety appliance 安全装置safety approval plate 安全合格牌照safety assembly 安全装置safety belt 安全带safety blasting safety board 安全板safety can 保险罐safety cap lamp 安全帽灯safety cap 安全帽safety car 安全矿车safety check 止回阀safety circuit 安全电路safety clothing 安全服safety code 安全规程safety color 安全色safety communications equipment 安全通讯设备safety concentration 安全浓度safety condition 安全条件safety consciousness 安全意识safety control circuit 安全控制电路safety control mark 安全控制标记safety coupling 保险联接器safety cover 保护罩safety critertion 安全准则safety cut-off 安全开关safety department 矿山安全部门safety design 安全设计safety detector 安全检测器safety device belt 保安装置皮腰带safety device 保安装置safety director 安全员safety disc 安全片safety door latch 安全门锁safety door 安全门safety drift 安全水平巷道safety earthing 保护接地safety education 安全教育safety element 安全元件safety enclosure 安全罩safety engineer 安全工程师safety engineering 安全工程学safety equipment cabinet 安全设备箱safety equipment 安全设备safety evacuation travel distance 安全疏散距离safety exhaust 安全排气阀safety face shield 安全面罩safety factor 安全系数safety feature 安全设备safety film strip 安全片safety film 安全胶片safety first 安全第一safety flap 安全瓣safety flask 安全烧瓶safety fuel 安全燃料safety fuse cutout = electric fuse 保险丝safety fuse 安全导火线safety fusible plug 易熔安全塞safety gap 安全隙safety garment 救生衣safety gear 安全机构safety glass 安全玻璃safety goggles 防护眼镜safety grounding 安全接地safety guard 安全防护板〔罩safety harness 安全带safety hat 安全帽safety hatch 安全出口safety head lamp 安全头灯safety head 安全盖safety hook 安全钩Safety in Mine Research and Testing Branch 矿山安全研究试验所Safety in Mine Research Board 矿山安全研究委员会Safety in Mines Research Establishment 矿山安全研究院safety ink 安全油墨safety inspection 安全检查safety inspector 安全检查员safety installation 安全设备safety instruction 安全说明safety instrumentation 安全测试装置safety interlayer 安全夹层safety interlock 安全联锁装置safety interlocking 安全联锁safety island 安全岛safety ladder 安全梯safety lamp gauze 安全灯网罩safety lamp 安全灯safety legislation 安全法律safety light 安全指示灯safety lighting fitting 安全照明装置safety lighting 安全照明safety limit switch 保险总开关safety limit 安全极限safety load factor 安全荷载系数safety load 安全荷载safety lock 危险品贮藏小室safety margin 安全限度safety marking 安全标志safety match 安全火柴safety measure 安全措施safety method 安全方法safety observation station 安全观察站safety of life at sea 海上生命安全safety of person 人身安全safety of structure 结构安全性safety officer 安全官员safety oil lamp 安全油灯safety pillar 保安矿柱safety plug 安全塞safety powder 安全炸药safety practice 安全措施safety precaution 安全预防措施safety pressure 安全压力safety problem 安全问题safety procedure 安全规程safety product 安全产品safety protection 安全防护safety provision 安全措施safety range 安全范围safety rate 安全程度safety regulation for operation 安全操作规程safety regulation 安全规则safety relief device 安全减压装置safety relief valve 安全减压阀safety relief 安全减压safety requirement 安全要求safety ring 安全环safety rope 安全绳safety rule 安全规程safety screen 安全隔板safety service life 安全使用年限safety shoes 安全靴safety shutoff controller 安全关闭控制器safety shutoff valve 安全截止阀safety shutoff 自动关闭器safety sign 安全标志safety signal 安全信号safety solvent 安全溶剂safety spacing 安全间距safety spark gap 安全火花隙safety specification 安全规程safety standard 安全标准safety strap 安全带safety strip = safety belt 安全带safety suit 安全服safety supervisor 安全员safety switch 安全开关safety technique 保安技术safety temperature 安全温度safety thermal-relief valve 安全放热阀safety torch 安全手电筒safety training 安全技术训练safety trip valve = safety shut-off valve 自动断路阀safety trip 安全释放机构safety valve 安全阀safety voltage 安全电压safety window 安全窗safety working 安全操作safety zone 安全区safety 安全safety-conscious 注意安全的safety-pressure release assembly 安全释压装置Saint Florian 圣伏罗里安Sakura dynamite 樱花牌黄色炸药sal ammoniac 卤砂salamander 无栅小火炉saline solution 盐水sally port = security vestibule 安全前厅salt spray corrosion 盐雾腐蚀salt spray test 盐水喷雾试验salt water stream 盐水射流salt 盐salvage company 抢救队salvage corps 抢救队salvage cover 抢救盖布salvage hook 抢修杆钩salvage operation 财产抢救salvage plant 营救设备salvage sheet 抢救盖布salvage tender =damage control tender 抢救器材运输车salvage tool 抢救工具salvage truck 抢救车salvage 抢救salvager 救援人员salvo 齐投sample 样品sampling system 抽样系统sampling survey 抽样调查sampling 取样sampling-type detector 取样型火灾探测器Sanborn map 桑伯恩地图<桑伯恩地图公司绘制的详细地图sand bin 沙箱sand 沙sandwich construction 夹层结构sandwich pressurization system 分层加压系统sandwich wall 夹心墙sanitary sewer 卫生下水道saponification 皂化sapropelic coal 腐泥煤sash 框窗框satellite antenna 卫星天线satellite communication 卫星通信satellite 机动增援车saturate 使浸透saturated air 饱和空气saturated compound 饱和化合物saturated hydrocarbon 饱和烃saturated solution 饱和溶液saturated steam 饱和蒸汽saturated vapor pressure 饱和蒸汽压saturation 饱和savanna 热带稀树草原saw boss 锯工班班长saw 锯sawdust 锯末SBCC = Southern Building Code Conference 南方建筑规范会议SBR = styrene butadiene rubber 丁苯橡胶SBR compound 一种用化学添加剂和橡胶化合物制成的防火涂料SBTS =State Bureau of Technical Supervision 国家技术监督局SC =surface combustion 表面燃烧scaffold 脚手架scalar 标量scale a ladder 攀登梯子scale ladder 钩梯scale model 缩尺模型scale of wind force 风级scale 锈皮scaled test 难度逐步提高的测验scaler 脉冲计数器scaling ladder 挂钩梯scaling (借助梯scanner 扫描器scarcity of water 缺水scarf joint 斜面接合scatter diagram 散布图scatter gram 散布图scatter plot 散布图scatter 散布scatter-type photoelectric smoke detector 散射型光电感烟探测器scattered light sensor 散射光传感器scattered radiation 散辐射scattering 散射scavenge gas 清扫气体scavenging 清除SCBA =self-contained breathing apparatus 自给式呼吸器SCBA closed circuit apparatus 闭路自给式呼吸器SCBA open circuit apparatus 开路自给式呼吸器scene of fire 火场scene of operation 灭火战斗现场scenic lift 观景电梯scheduled charge 残废伤亡赔偿费schematic circuit 电路图schematic diagram 原理图schematic 简图schlieren photography 纹影摄影schlieren 纹影Schmidt number 施密特数Science Abstracts 《科学文摘》杂志science 科学scintillation 闪烁scissors stairs 剪式楼梯scleroscope hardness 回跳硬度scoosher 水罐曲臂式举高喷射scorch 烧焦scorcher 极热的东西scorching 烧焦scorchline 簇叶烧焦线scout 消防巡查员scram 迅速关闭scrambling 混乱scrap 碎屑scratch line (仓促建立screen door 纱门screen 网screen-grid valve 屏栅阀screening agent 发烟剂screening test 屏蔽试验screening 筛分screw conveyor 螺旋输送机screw fuse 螺旋熔断器screw shut off 螺旋关闭装置screw stair 螺旋楼梯screw terminal 螺丝接线端screw thread 丝扣screw-type blank cap 螺纹闷盖screw-type hose coupling 螺纹式水带接口screw-type outlet coupling 螺纹式出水口接口screw-type suction hose coupling 螺纹式吸水管接口screwed fitting 丝口接头scrubbed gas 纯气体SCUBA 自给式水下呼吸器scupper 排水洞scuttle cover 升降口板scuttle hatch 屋顶楼板上的开口scuttle ladder 天窗梯scuttle 开口SE= safety engineering 安全工程sea cock and valve 海底阀sea rescue suit 海上救生服seal washer 密封垫圈sealed building 密闭建筑物sealed cap 密封帽sealed drencher head 封闭式水幕喷头sealed fire 封闭火sealed pneumatic line-type detector 密封空气管式火灾探测器sealed sprinkler head 闭式洒水喷头sealer 封闭器sealing filler 密封填料seam explosive 落煤用炸药sear 烧灼search warrant 搜查证searching procedure 搜寻程序searching rope 搜索绳searchlight unit 照明车searchlight 探照灯seasonal monthly average 火险季节每月平均数seat of fire 火灾中心second alarm 二级火警second front 副业second responder 第二出动人员<发生危险品事故时到达现场帮助或替代第一出动人员的人员second 秒second-alarm assignment 第二出动second-lieutenant 少尉secondary air 次级空气<放入燃烧腔的所有可燃气体secondary alarm circuit 辅助报警回路secondary blasting 二次爆破secondary circuit 辅助回路secondary combustible 次级燃烧secondary combustion air 次级燃烧空气secondary combustion 二次燃烧secondary disaster 次生灾害secondary exit 后备太平门secondary explosive 次级炸药secondary filter 精滤器secondary fire damage 次生的火灾损失secondary fire 二次火灾secondary fly section 第二节拉梯secondary gas 精洗煤气secondary high explosive 次级高速炸药secondary line 第二防火线;第二火灾控制线secondary lookout 辅助了望台secondary lookout man secondary means of escape 辅助避难通道secondary power supply 副电源secondary weather station 辅助气象台secondary-class structure 二类建筑secondary-degree burn 二度烧伤section factor 截面系数section of ladder 梯节section switch 分段开关section 一条水带sectional ladder 拉梯sectional valve 分区阀门sector boss 分段长sector command post 分指挥所sector fire alarm panel 区域火灾报警盘sector officer 区指挥员sector step 扇步sector 分段securite explosive 安全炸药securite 安全炸药security center 安全中心security command center 保安指挥中心security door 保险门security factor 安全系数security guard 保卫队security mechanism 安全机构security monitor 安全性监视器security personnel 保安人员security staff 保安人员security system 安全防范系统security telephone 安全专用电话security 安全sediment 沉积sedimentation 沉积seeker 跟踪装置seen area map 能见区地图seen area 能见区seepage flow 渗透水流seepage 渗透segregation 分隔seism 地振seismic damage investigation 振害调查seismic design 抗振设计seismic explosive 地振勘探炸药seismic focus 振源seismic fracing 防振支撑seismic hardening 地振加固seismic hazard 地振灾害seismic intensity 地振烈度seismic joint 防振缝seismic rehabilitation 振后修复seismic secondary disaster 地振次生灾害seismometry 地振学seizing 用于捆扎的绳索、捆扎物selected evacuation 局部疏散selectivity 选择性selector switch 选择开关selector valve 选择器阀self aspirating foam making equipment 自吸式发泡设备self illuminous sign 自发光标志self sustaining burning 自行持续燃烧self-closing device 自动关闭装置self-closing door 自闭门self-closing fire door 自关式防火门self-closing 自闭<打开之后self-contained breathing apparatus 自给式呼吸器self-contained electric system 自供电系统self-contained fire alarm 自给式火灾报警器self-contained foam system 自给式泡沫系统self-contained oxygen breathing apparatus 自给式氧气呼吸器self-contained portable electric lamp 自给式手提蓄电池电灯self-contained smoke alarm 自给式感烟报警器self-contained sprinkler system 自给式喷水灭火系统self-contained underwater breathing apparatus 自给式潜水呼吸器self-contained water reservoir 自备水箱self-contained 整装的self-diagnosis function 自行诊断功能self-extinguish ability 自熄性self-extinguishing 自熄的self-generating extinguisher 自生式灭火器<靠灭火器中灭火剂的组成相互作用而工作的灭火器self-heating temperature 自热温度self-heating 自热self-help 自救self-ignitable 自燃的self-ignite 自燃self-igniting mixture 自燃混合气self-ignition temperature 自燃温度self-ignition 自燃self-induction 自感应self-inflammable mixture 自燃混合气self-insurance 自我保险self-latching bolt 自锁式门闩self-luminous sign 自发光标记self-oxidation 自氧化self-powered platform 升降工作台self-priming pump 自吸泵self-propelled fire-fighting car 自行灭火车self-protection 自行保护self-reactivity 自行反应性self-releasing type 自行脱落型self-rescuer 自救器self-resetting detector 自复位探测器self-resetting fire detector 自动复位火灾探测器self-restoring detector =self-resetting detector 自复位探测器semi-bituminous coal 半烟煤semi-conductive 半导体的semi-empirical calculation 半经验计算semi-gelatin explosive 半胶质炸药semi-rigid foam 半刚性泡沫<密封风墙semi-rotary pump 半回转泵semi-trailer 半拖车semi-water gas 半水煤气semianthracite 半无烟煤semibasement 半地下室semibituminous coal 半烟煤semiconductive hose 半导电软管semiconductor methane alarm 半导体沼气警报器semiconductor sensor-type rate-of-rise and fixed temperature detector 半导体感应式差定温探测器semiconductor 半导体semidry gas 半干煤气semifixed subsurface foam installation 半固定液面下泡沫喷射设施semifloating load 半浮式装载send a message back 发回信息sending signal 发送信号senior aerial 老式云梯车senior colonel 大校seniority 资历sense organ 感觉器官sensibility 灵敏度sensible heat 可感热sensible 可感觉的sensing element 敏感元件sensing 判定炸点sensitive film 高感光胶片sensitivity analysis 灵敏度分析sensitivity drift 灵敏漂移sensitivity option 敏感度选择sensitivity rating 灵敏度级别sensitivity ratio 灵敏度比率sensitivity to heat 感温灵敏度sensitivity to smoke 感烟灵敏度sensitivity 灵敏度sensitization 致敏sensitizer 激敏物sensitizing agent 敏化剂sensitizing explosive 敏化炸药sensitizing powder 敏化剂sensor alarm threshold 传感器报警阀限sensor 传感器sensorimotor ability 感觉运动的能力sensorineural deafness 感觉神经性聋sensory irritant 感觉刺激剂sensory irritation 感觉刺激separate atmosphere 独立气氛separate means of egress 独立疏散设施separated exit ramp 独立出口滑道separated exit stair 独立出口楼梯separating partition 隔墙separating surface 分界面separating valve 隔离阀separating wall 隔墙separation distance 间距separation of flammable and nonflammable gases 易燃气体和不易燃气体的隔离separation 间距sepsis 脓毒病septic shock 脓毒性休克septicemia 败毒症sequence of operation 操作顺序sequential 连续的sergeant 军士serial number 编号series operation 串联工作series 串联series-fed aerial 串联馈天线serious accident 严重事故serious injury 重伤serum 血清service ability 检修能力service aerial 小型云梯车service brake 工作制动器service chamber 检修箱service chief 后勤主任service drop 接线盒service entrance conductor 进户线service life 使用期限;供气时间service lift 工作电梯service line 引入线service load 工作荷载service main 供水总线service pressure 额定工作压力service pump 辅助泵service station 加油站service test 年度测试service time 使用时间service truck 老式云梯车service unit 维护单元service 机构serviceability 耐用性servicing clearance 维修间距servomechanism 伺服机构set condition 伺应状态set fire 放火火灾set flash tester 闪点测试器set on fire 防火set point 设定点set pressure 标定压力set 放火火灾set-back 墙壁的凹处setting 定位settling velocity 沉淀速度setup time 战斗展开时间severe burn 严重过火<所有的有机物都从土壤表面烧除severity index 日起火率severity of exposure 暴露严重程度severity of fire 火灾强度sewage gas 沼气sewage sludge 污泥sewer 下水道sexless coupling 不分雌雄的接口SF =safety fuse 安全导火线sferics 天电干扰SFPE =Society of Fire Protection Engineer 消防工程师学会shade 隔热板shaded fuel break 荫蔽的阻火线shadow graph 影象图shaft enclosure 竖井封闭空间shaft penetration 竖井穿孔shaft 通风井shake proof 防振的shale oil 页岩油shallow bag 盛水袋<四周吊起shank 接口外环sharing board 刨花板sharp gas 最危险浓度的瓦斯shear cutter 螺栓机shear leg 起重臂shear strength 抗剪强度shear stress 剪切应力shear wave 切变波shearing force 剪力shearing stress 剪应力sheathed explosive 封装筒炸药sheathing 覆板sheave 槽轮shed roof 单坡屋顶shed 货棚sheep shank knot 缩结sheet-metal door 薄钢板门sheet-metal fire door 薄钢板防火门sheetrock 石棉水泥板shelf life 保存期限shelf storage 上架贮存shell door 临时风门shell roof 薄壳屋顶shell 帽壳;灭火器外壳shelter deck 遮蔽甲板shelter forest 防护林shelter 掩体shepherd hook 钩杆shield line 屏蔽线shield 防护面罩shielded metal arc welding 气体保护金属极电弧焊shielding box 屏蔽箱shielding case 屏蔽壳shielding fire 隐蔽火shielding wire 屏蔽线shielding 屏蔽shift commander 值班指挥员shift 轮班shifting board 隔舱板shimmy 摆动shingle 屋顶板ship 船舶ship-to-shore connection 船岸接口shipping area 集货区shipping container 集装箱shipping 发运shock absorber 减振器shock absorbing material 防振材料shock front 爆炸振动波前锋shock hazard 电击危险shock isolator 减振装置shock mount 防振座shock proof shed 防振棚shock proof 抗振shock resistant 耐振shock spectrum 激振频谱shock test 冲击试验shock wave 冲击波shock 冲击shoe 防滑套shop welded 工厂焊接的shop 维修车间shopping center 购物中心shore 支撑short circuit isolator 短路隔离器<用在火灾报警系统的传输总线上short circuit 短路short extendible ladder 短拉梯short extension ladder 两节拉梯short handed 执勤人数不足的灭火力量short ladder 两节拉梯short line 短粗麻绳short-flame explosive 短焰炸药short-term appointment 短期雇用short-term forest fire danger forecast 短期森林火险预报short-term heat resistance 短期耐热性short-term retardant 短效阻火剂<无附着阻火特性shortcut calculation 简化算法shorten a ladder 缩合梯子shorthanded 人员不足的shot-firer 爆破工shotcrete 喷浆混凝土shotfirer's explosion 放炮引发瓦斯爆炸shoulder carry 掮运法shoulder load 掮动式折叠水带shovel 铲shower 阵雨shrinkage stope 留矿回采工作面shrinkage stoping 留矿采矿法shrinkage 收缩(性shroud 套罩shroud-laid 单绳芯回股绳shrub 灌木shunt 分路shut-down valve 截止阀shut-down 关闭shut-off nozzle 开关水枪shutoff control unit 关闭控制装置shutoff valve 截止阀shuttle elevator 短程电梯shuttle operation 短程来回供水操作shuttle water relay 穿梭接力供水shuttle 穿梭siamese branch 集水水枪siamese connection 水泵接合器siamese coupling 集水器接口siamese fire department connection 水泵接合器siamese hose line 集水水带线siamese 集水器sick leave 病假side camp 临时小营地side discharge connection 车侧出水接口。
enclosure fire dynamics书的译文
《Enclosure Fire Dynamics》暂无中文译名,其主要内容为受限空间火灾动力学,包括隧道火灾、腔室火灾和溢流火等。
该书由国际知名的火灾安全和防护工程专家编著,清晰地阐述了控制受限空间火灾的主要机制,并提供了简单的分析关系,这些关系在设计防火安全建筑时非常有用。
书中还展示了如何从基本原理中推导出工程方程,并清楚地说明了假设条件,以及如何将得出的方程与实验数据进行比较。
《Enclosure Fire Dynamics》为专业的消防保护工程师、研究人员和调查人员提供了有用的知识,也为工程专业的学生奠定了坚实的基础。
燃烧学相关词汇
第一章Combustion 燃烧Autoignition自燃、自动点火Flame 火焰Thermochemistry 热化学Nonflame 无焰Molecular transport of mass(and heat)质量(和热)分子输运Premixed flames 预混火焰Chemical kinetics 化学动力学Nonpremixed(diffussion) flames 非预混(扩散)火焰Fluid mechanics 流体力学第二章Extensive property Absolute(or standardized) enthalpy 绝对(标准)焰Intensive property Enthalpy of formation 形成(生成)焰Equation of state 状态方程Sensible enthalpy change 显焰变化Calorific equations of state Standard reference state 标准参考状态Constant-volume specific heats 定容比热Enthalpy of combustion 燃烧焰Constant-pressure specific heats 定压比⅛⅛Enthalpy of reaction 反应焰Mole fraction of species 组份的摩尔分数Heating value 热值Mass fraction of species 组份的质量分数Heat of combustion 燃烧热Mixture molecular weight 混合物分子量Upper or higher heating value 高位热值Partial pressure of the ith species 组分i 的分压Lower heating value 低位热值Latent heat of vaporization 汽化潜热Adiabatic flame temperatures 绝热火焰温度(理论燃烧温度)Enthalpy of vaporization 汽化焙Constant-pressure adiabatic flame temperature 定压绝热火焰温度Clausius-Clapeyron equation Constant-volume adiabatic flame temperature 定容绝热火焰温度Fixed mass 定质量Chemical equilibrium 化学平衡System 系统DissociateLean贫(燃料或空气)Second-law 第二定律Rich富(燃料或空气)Gibbs function吉布斯函数Stoichiometric air-fuel ratio空气-燃料化学当量比Gibbs free energy 吉布斯自由能Equivalence ratio 当量比Gibbs function of formation 吉布斯形成函数Percent stoichiometric air 化学当量空气百分数Standard-state Gibbs function change 标准状态吉布斯函数变化Percent excess air 过量空气百分数Equilibrium constant 平衡常数Conservation of elements 元素守恒Complex systems 复杂系统Principle of Le Chatelier 勒夏特列原理Generalized Newton,s method 广义牛顿方法Equilibrium products of combustion 燃烧平衡产物Major species 主要组份Full equilibrium 全平衡Minor species 次要组份Water-gas equilibrium 水■气平衡Flue gas recirculation 尾气再循环Water-gas shift reaction 水-气转换反应Exhaust gas recirculation 排气再循环Recuperation and regeneration RegeneratorRecuperator Straight chains 直链Alkanes 烷烧类Branched chains 支链Alkenes稀烂类Normal正常体Alkynes块烽类Isomers异构体Cyclanes 环烷煌类Isooctane 异辛烷aromatics 芳香族化合物Octane rating辛烷值Benzene 苯alcohols 洒精类Methanol 甲醇Ethanol 乙醇Propanol 丙醇第三章Mass transfer 传质Species conservation 组份守恒方程Fick's law 费克定律Stefan problem 斯蒂One-dimensional binary diffusion 一维二元扩散Stefan flowMass flux 质量流率Droplet evaporation 液滴蒸发Binary diffusivity 二元扩散系数Evaporation rate 节发率Diffusional flux 扩散流率Transfer number 传梯数Fourier's law of conduction 傅立叶导热定律Droplet mass conservation 液滴质量守恒方程Transport properties 输运特性Evaporation constant 蒸发常数Ordinary diffusion 一般扩散D21awD 平方定律Thermal diffusion(soret) 热扩散Molar flux 摩尔通量Pressure diffusion 压力扩散Mass-average velocity 质量平均速度Molar-average velocity 摩尔平均速度第四章Chemical kinetics 化学动力学Third body 第三物Globiil reaction mechanism 总包反应机理Multistep mechanisms 多步反应机理Global rate coefficient 总包反应速率系数Net production rates 净产生率Reaction order反应级数Stiff system 刚性系统Intermediate species 中间组份Compact notation 紧缩记法Elementary reactions 基元反应Stoichiometric coefficients 化学当量系数Radicals 基元Production rates 产生率Free radicals自由基Rate-of-progress variable 中间过程变量反应率Reaction mechanism 反应机理Steady-state approximation 稳态近似Bimolecular 双分子Chain reactions 链式反应Activation energy 活化能Chain-branching reactions 链式分枝反应Steric factor位阻因素、空间配置因素Chain-initiation reaction 链的激发反应Activated complex 活性复合体Chain-propagating reactions 链的传递反应Arrhenius form阿累尼乌斯形式Chain-terminating reaction 链的中止反应Pre-exponential factor 指前因子Chemical time scales 化学时间尺度Frequency factor 频率因子Partial equilibrium 部分平衡Arrhenius plots 阿累尼乌斯图Partiiil-equilibrium approximation 部分平衡近似Unimolar 单分子Shuffle reaction 正反混合反应Teπnolecular 三分子第五章Heterogeneous reaction 非均相(异相)反应 Thermal mechanism 热力反应机理 Paraffins 石蜡Zeldovich mechanism 谢尔多维奇机理 Alkanes 链燃 Fenimore mechanism费尼摩机理H-atom abstraction H 原子提取 Prompt mechanism 瞬间反应机理 -scission rule 分裂规则 N2O-intermediate mechanism N20 "∣ 间体机理 Global mechanisms总包反应机理 Extended Zeldovich mechanism 扩展的谢尔多维奇机理Quasi-global mechanisms 准总包反应机理 Superequilibrium O 过平衡氧Complex mechanism 复杂反应机理 Nitrogen dioxide 二氧化氮第六章Constant-pressure, Fixed-mass reactor 定压恒质量反应器 Ignition delay 着火延迟 Constant-volume fixed-mass reactor 定容恒质量反应器 Source 源Well-stirred reactor 均匀搅拌反应器Sink 汇Plug-flow reactor 塞状流 Mass conservation 质量守恒方程Initial-value problem 初值问题 x-momentum conservation X-方向动量守恒方程 Thermal explosion热力爆炸Energy conservation 能量守恒方程Induced period 感应期 Species conservation 组份守恒方程219 组分速度219,222正常扩散 总包速度 221热扩散 Soret 效应(热扩散效应) 222 压力扩散 222 强制扩散Ordinary multicomponent diffusion coefficients 222 正常多组分扩散系数Stefan-Maxwell equation 223 Stefan-Maxwell 方程 Thermal diffusion velocity 223 热扩散速度 Thermal diffusion coefficient 223热扩散系数Effective binary diffusion coefficient 227 有效二元扩散系数 Shavb-Zeldovich energy equation 236 Shavb-Zeldovich 能量方程 Lewis number 236 Lewis 数 Unity Le assumption 236Lewis 数为一的假设Conserved scalar 241 守恒标量Chapter 7Species velocity Ordinary diffusion Bulk velocity 220 Thermal diffusion Soret effect 221 Pressure diffusion Forced diffusioncontinuity 269 连续性Boundary value problem 270 边界值问题Chapter 8 Flame 254 deflagration detonation Preheat zone火焰254 254 255 Reaction zone 255 Lewis number, Le Mass conservation Species conservation Energy conservation Eigenvalues 265 爆燃过程 爆燃,爆炸 预热区反应区 262 262 262, 264, 本征值Lewis 数 质量守恒 270 270 组分守恒 能量守恒 Quenching distance 284 flashback Lower limit 284, 294 289 下限 熄火距离 回火,闪回Upper limit 289 上限 Minimum ignition energy 291最小点火能量Liftoff 294 脱火 Attached 295(火焰)附着Chapter 9Potential core 306 entrained 307 Schimidt number, (火焰)隐核 携带 Sc 308, 323 Schimidt 数 Axial momentum conservation 308 轴向动量守恒 similar 309 相似的 Similarity variable Spreading rate 3II Spreading angle 311 Jet half-width 311 smoke 316 烟 309相似变量 喷射率 喷射角 射流半宽 Flame-sheet approximation Mixture fraction 320 Absolute enthalpy 321 318 火焰片近似 混合物分数 绝对焰 Nondimensional equatons 322 无量刚方程 State relationships 324 状态关系式Burke-Shumann 327 Burke-Shumann (人名) Beseel functions 329 Beseel 函数 Roper 329 Roper (人名) Constant-density Solution 329 常密度解法Variable-Density Approximate Solution 330 变密度近似解法Numerical solutions 331 数值解法 Roper ,s correlations 331 Roper 关联Circular port 331 圆口Inverse error function 333 逆误差函数 Slot-burner 333 矩形口燃烧器 Momentum controlled 333 动量控制 Square port 333 方 口 Buoyancy controlled 334 浮力控制Transition regime 335 转援区,过渡区Froude number 335 Froude 数 Fuel type 337 燃料类型Primary aeration338 一次风flashback339回火Oxygen content of oxidizer 339 氧化剂中的氧气含量 Fuel dilution with inert gas 340 以惰性气体稀释燃料Smoke point 345 发烟点 alkanes 346 烷烽 Alkenes 346 烯燃 alkynes 346 块Aliphatic aromatics 346 脂肪族芳香煌 Mathematical description 349 数学描述Structure of CH4-air flame 350甲烷-空气火焰结构Chapter 10Indirect-injection 363 间接喷射 Primary zone 365 一次风区 Secondary zone 365 二次风区 Dilution zone Pattern factor Pressure-fed Pump-fedDroplet-Gas-Phase interface Energy Balance 374 液滴-空气相界面能量平衡 Spalding number 375 Spalding 数 Transfer number 375 输运数 Evaporation constant 376 蒸发常数 Inner region 381 内区Outer region 382 夕卜区 Temperature distribution 384 温度分布Liquid-vapor equilibrium 388 液(体)■气(体)平衡unknown 390 未知数,未知量 Burning rate constant 391 燃烧速率常数 Nusselt Number 396 Nusselt 数 Sherwood number 396 Sherwood 数Direct injection 363 直接喷射 365 366 367 367 稀释区 形状因子 压力喂料泵喂料Variable properties 398 变量特性Supercritical droplet combustion and evaporation 398 超临界液滴燃烧与蒸发Fuel-vapor accumulation 398 燃料蒸发积聚Droplet heating 398 液滴加热Multicomponent fuel 398 多组分燃料Internal recirculation 398 内循环Soot shell 399 碳黑壳Interactions among multiple droplets 399 液滴间相互作用Mathematical problem statememt 401 数学问题描述Gas-phase energy conservation 404 气相能量平衡Gas-phase composition 405 气相成分Droplet momentum conservation 406 液滴动量守恒Chapter 11Renolds number 424 雷诺数Mean quantities 424 平均量Fluctuating quantities 424 脉动量Renolds decomposition 425 雷诺分解方法Intensity 425 强度Relative intensity 425 相对强度eddy 425 漩涡,涡vortex 427 漩涡,涡vorticities 427 涡量,涡量方程scale 427 等级,尺度,尺寸Engulf 428 漩涡、卷吸stir 428 搅动,混合Integral scale 428 积分尺度Taylor microscale 428 泰勒微(观)尺度Kolmogorov microscale 429 Kolmogorov 微(观)尺度Turbulence Reynolds numbers 430 湍流雷诺数Reynolds averaging 435 雷诺平均Turbulent stress 435, 436 湍流应力Closure problem 435 封闭问题Two-dimensional boundary layer 435 二维边界层Turbulent momentum flux 436 湍流动量流量Reynolds stress 436 雷诺应力Eddy viscosity 437 涡粘度Mixing-length Hypothesis 439 混合长假说Viscous sublayer Buffer layer 440 Fully developed 440 Two-equation model k- ∈ model 444 Higher-order model 440 粘性底层缓冲层、过渡层充分发展444 双方程模型Axisymmetric jet 437 轴对称射流k∙∈模型444 高阶模型William-Klimov criterion Damk7hler criterion 458 Damk7hler number 458 Fast-chemistry regime 459 Damk7hler 判据 Damk?hler 数,Da 快速化学反应区旁路通道,旁通 燃烧器瓦 钝体,非流线体472 吹熄速度,脱火速度Turbulent thermal diffusivity 472 湍流热扩散率Swirl induced recirculating flows 473 旋流引起的回流流动Jet-induced recirculating flows 473 射流弓I 起的回流流动 Chapter 13General observations 484 总论 attached 486 附着 liftoff'487 脱附Liftoff distance 487 脱附距离 blowout 487 吹熄Reynolds stress model 444 Direct numerical simulation Large-eddy simulation 445 雷诺应力模型 445直接数值模拟 大涡模拟Chapter 12Industrial gas burners 452 Experimental observations Turbulent flame brush 456 Laminar flamelets 456Three flame regimes 457工业气体燃烧器 456 实验观察 湍流火焰刷层流火焰梢 三种火焰区域 Wrinkled laminar-flame regime 458 褶皱层流火焰区域 Distributed-reaction regime 458 Flamelets-in-eddies regime 458 Regime criteria 458 分区判据 分布反应区域 涡内焰梢区 458 William-Klimov 判据Bypass ports 470 Burner tiles 471Bluff bodies 471 Blowoff velocitySimplified analysis Nonreacting jets Conserved scalars Conservation laws factor 495 因素correlations 497Momentum diameter Radiant fractionLiftoff height 504 configuration 509489 489 491 492 简化分析非反应射流,无反应射流 守恒(标)量 守恒定律关联 497 动量直径501辐射分数 脱附高度 结构Coal-fired boilers 520 燃煤锅炉Heterogeneous reaction 520 非均相反应,异相反应 Homogeneous reaction 520均相反应 Intraparticle diffusion 524 颗粒内部扩散One-film model 524 单膜模型Two-film model 524 双膜模型continuous-film model 524 连续膜模型overall 526 总体的,全部的,全面的Surface kinetics 528, 539表面化学动力学,表面反应动力学 Circuit analogy 529 电路比拟Diffusionally controlled 531 扩散控制 Kinetically controlled 531 动力控制Nearly diffusionally controlled 532 近似扩散控制 closure 540 封闭Particle burning times 542 颗粒燃烧时间Proximate analysis 544工业分析 Ultimate analysis 544 元素分析 solid 545 固体(燃料)Chapter 14Concern 551 考察量,关注点,关注量Combustion-generated 551燃烧产生的 Related species 551 相关量,相应组份Effects of pollutants 551 污染物影响Criteria pollutants 552 标准污染物Hazardous air pollutants 552有害大气污染物Emission index 553 排放指数Emission indices 553 排放指数Corrected concentrations 555 修正浓度Various specific emission measures 558 各种单位排放量 NOx control strategies 562 NOx 控制策略hydrocarbon 568 ½Quench layer 568 熄火层Low excess air 577 低过量空气Staged combustion 577 分级燃烧Temperature reduction 578 温度降低Low-NOx Burners 578 低 NOx 燃烧器Oxy/Gas Combustion 580增氧/气体燃烧 reburn 580 再燃 Catalytic aftertreatment Particulate matter 571 Oxides of nitrogen 573 Simple turbulent jet flames 569 催化后处理微粒物质,颗粒物 氮氧化物573简化湍流射流火焰Selective catalytic reduction 581 选择性催化还原Utility boilers 582 电站锅炉Gas turbine 584 燃气轮机Chapter 15detonation 598 爆燃Shock wave 598 冲击波Normal shock 599 正常冲击deflagration 600 爆燃过程Strong detonations 605 强爆燃Weak detonation 605 弱爆燃Detonation velocity 609 爆燃速度Structure of detonation waves 613 爆燃波结构 其中页码为 An Introduction to Combustion --- Stephen S. Turns (PSU) Diesel engine 584 Oxidizes of sulfur 柴油发动机586 硫氧化物One-dimensional analysis Conservation laws State relationships Combined relations The Rayleigh line 601 602 602 602 600 一维分析守恒定律状态方程复合关系式Rayleigh 线 The Rankine-Hugoniot curve Upper branch 604 上枝Lower branch 604 下枝Upper Chapman-Jouguet point Lower Chapman-Jouguet poin 603 605 605 Rankine-Hugoniot 曲线Chapman-Jouguet 上切点Chapman-Jouguet 下切点。
消防专业词汇英语翻译(F-G)
消防专业词汇英语翻译(F-G)F Fahrenheit 华氏f. fire 火f.a. = fire alarm 火警F.L.P. = FLP =flameproof 隔爆的F.p. = fire plug 消火栓F.P. = flame-proof 防火的f.p. = flash point 闪点F.P. = French patent 法国专利f.p. =freezing point 冰点F1CL = fireman first-class 一级消防员F2CL = fireman second-class 二级消防员F3CL = fireman third-class 三级消防员F= Fluorine 氟FA = fireman apprentice 见习消防队员FA = first aid 急救FA = fuel-air ratio 燃料-空气比FA =flying accident 飞行事故FAA = Federal Aviation Administration 联邦航空局FAA = Federal Aviation Agency 联邦航空署FAA test method FAAFAB = first-aid box 急救箱FABL = fire alarm bell 火警铃fabric rubber lined hose 有橡胶衬里纤维水带fabric 织品fabrication 制作FABX = fire alarm box 火警箱FAC-2 program = Fire And Combustion-2 中国科技大学火灾科学国家重点实验定编制的一套可计算火灾的燃烧过程的二维计算机程序facade 正面face mask 面罩face protector 面部保护用具face shield 面罩face velocity 表面速度face 正面faced wall 饰面墙facepiece 面罩罩faceplate 面板facet 面facility 设备facsimile apparatus 传真机facsimile equipment 传真通讯设备facsimile system 传真系统fact processing 处理事实factor of safety 安全系数factor 因素factory engineer 厂家工程师Factory Insurance Association 工厂保险协会Factory Mutual Laboratory 工厂相互保险研究所Factory Mutual System 工厂相互保险组织factory test pressure 工厂测试压力factory testing 工厂测试fade area 盲区fade indicator 衷减指示器fading signal 衰减信号fading 衰减FAE = fuel-air explosive 油气爆炸物FAEs = fuel air explosive 燃料空气爆炸物fag station 吸烟处Fahrenheit degree 华氏温度Fahrenheit scale 华氏温标Fahrenheit temperature scale 华氏温标Fahrenheit temperature 华氏温度Fahrenheit thermometer 华氏温度计Fahrenheit 华氏温度表Fahrenheits thermometric scale 华氏温标FAIL = Failue 故障fail safe 故障保险fail temperature 破坏温度fail to safety 没有安全fail tree analysis 故障树分析fail-active 故障积极防护的fail-obvious condition 明显故障状态fail-safe system 故障自动防护系统fail-safe 故障自动保护的failure analysis 故障分析failure mode 失效模式failure rate 故障率failure to follow instruction 违反操作程序failure to inspect 疏于检查failure to maintain 疏于保养failure warning indicator 故障警告器failure warning 故障信号fainting 昏厥faintness 虚弱falling main 竖管false alarm of fire 误报的火警false alarm rate 火灾误报率false alarm 错误报<实际上没有发生火灾false assumption 错误假设false call 误调入false ceiling 假平顶false dynamite 低硝甘炸药false fire warning light 假火警信号灯光false floor 假楼板false front 装饰正面false host 假主机false operation 误动作false shelters 微粒掩蔽所false signal 假信号false smoke 假烟<被误认为烟的路上的灰尘false stull 副支柱falsework 脚手架family disaster plan 家庭防灾计划family room 娱乐室fan atomizer 扇式喷雾器fan coil unit 风机盘管机组fan 风扇fanning friction factor 通风管摩擦系数FAP = first-aid post 急救站FAR = Federal Aviation Regulation 联邦航空条例far-infrared detector 远红外探测器farad 法拉Faraday effect 法拉第效应Faraday eguivalent 法拉第当量farm tractor 拖拉机FASBUS - II = Fire Analysis of Steel Building System 钢结构建筑物系统的火灾分析FASIT = Fire Growth and Smoke Movement in Tunnel 由英国AEA技术协会和利兹大学联合编制的一种专用计算隧道火灾的场模拟程序FAST = fire and smoke transport 火和烟迁移fast break 快速断电fast burn 快速燃烧fast neutron 快中子fast powder 快速起爆炸药FAST program 火和烟迁移程序fast response sprinkler 快速反应洒水喷头fast water 大漏水FAST zone model 火和烟迁移的区域模型fast-burning charge 快燃药柱fast-burning coke 易燃焦fast-burning composition 速燃成分fast-burning powder 速燃火药fast-twining coke 易燃焦fastener tape 搭扣带fastener 扣件fat 脂fatal accident 伤亡事故fatal atmosphere 危险空气fatality 死亡fatigue crack 疲劳裂缝fatigue failure 疲劳断裂fatigue limit 疲劳极限fatigue 疲劳fatty acid 脂肪酸fault analysis 故障分析fault avoidance 故障免除fault clearance 故障清除fault control 事故监督fault correct 差错纠正fault coverage 故障覆盖率fault detect 故障检测fault diagnosis 故障诊断fault distinguish 故障区分fault finding 故障探测fault flag 故障标记fault free 无故障的fault frequency rate 故障率fault indication device 故障指示器fault indicator 控伤器fault line 裂纹线fault point 故障点fault rate 故障率fault recording 故障记录fault report 故障报告fault secure circuit 故障保护电路fault signal 故障信号fault state 故障状态fault time 故障时间fault trace 故障跟踪fault treatment 故障处理fault tree analysis 故障树分析fault warning receiving station 故障警报接收站fault warning routing equipment 故障警报发送设备fault warning 故障警报fault 故障faulty line 故障线路faulty operation 过失操作FAX = facsimile 传真FB = fire brigade 消防队FBH = fire brigade hydrant 消火栓FBI = Federal Bureau of Investigation 联邦调查局FBU = Fire Brigades Union 职业消防队联合会fc = fire clay 耐火泥FC = fire cock 消防旋塞FC = fire control 防火FCC = Federal Communications Commission 联邦电信委员会FCC = fire command center 消防指挥中心FCO = fire control order 消防秩序FCS = flame control system 火焰控制系统FCSA = Forest Conservation Society of America 美国森林保护学会feasibility analysis 可行性分析feasibility study 可行性研究Federal Advisory Council 联邦咨询委员会federal agency 联邦机构Federal Aid Highway Act 联邦政府助建公路条例federal aid 联邦政府补救Federal Aviation Administration 联邦航空局Federal Aviation Commission 联邦航空委员会Federal Aviation Regulation 联邦航空条例Federal Bureau of Investigation 联邦调查局Federal Coal Mine Health & Safety Act 联邦政府煤矿保健和安全法令Federal Communications Commission 联邦通信委员会Federal Disaster Assistance Bureau of Investigation 联邦救灾管理局Federal Emergency Management Agency 联邦紧急情况管理署Federal Emergency Relief Law 联邦紧急救济法Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Regulation 联邦环境农药控制条例Federal Fire Council 联邦消防委员会Federal Fire Prevention and Control Act 联邦火灾预防与控制条例federal forest 国有林Federal Highway Administration 联邦公路管理局Federal Housing Act 联邦住宅法Federal Housing Administration 联邦住宅管理局Federal Housing Authority 联邦住宅管理局federal law 联邦法律Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulation 联邦汽车运输安全规程Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 联邦机动车辆安全标准Federal Radiological Monitoring and Assistment Plan 联邦放射学检验和援助计划Federal Railroad Administration 联邦铁路管理局Federal Recreation Commission 联邦娱乐委员会Federal Specifications Executive Committee 联邦规范执行委员会Federal Telecommunications System 联邦电信系统Federal Water Pollution Control Act 联邦水污染控制法Federal-state Fire Control System 联邦及各州联合防火系统Federation of British Fire Organization 英国消防组织联合会Federation of British Industries 英国工联Federation of World Volunteer Firefighters Association 世界义勇消防联盟FED=fractional effective dose 发挥效应的剂量分数feed main 供水总管feed water pump 给水泵feedback control system 反馈控制系统feedback 反馈feeder gas 流出瓦斯feeder line 进水线feeder loop 反馈电路feeder 馈电线feeding 供料feeling for fire 触摸探火<通过触摸墙壁feigned deafness 精神性聋症felt 毡female coupling 雌接口female swivel 阴转环FEMA=Failure Modes and Effects Analysis 失效模式与有效性分析FEMA=Federal Emergency Management Agency 联邦紧急情况管理局联邦应急管理局FEMA=Fire Equipment Manufacture Association 消防设备制造商协会FEMIC=Fire Equipment Manufacturers' Institute of Canada 加拿大消防设备制造协会fence 防护装置fender 防护板fertilizer-type explosive 肥料型炸药FETA=Fire Extinguisher Trade Aassociation 灭火器行业协会FEXT=fire extinguisher 灭火器FE=fire escape 安全出口FFBPS=Forest Fire Behavior Prediction System 由我国北方林业大学编制的一套计算林火行为的程序FFCA=Forest Fire Control Abstracts ><期刊FFC=Federal Fire Council 联邦消防委员会FFPA=Forest Fire Protection Abstract >FFP=Forest Fires Prevention 森林防火FFRI=Forest Fire Research Institute 森林消防研究所FF=firefighter 战斗员FHC=fire hydrant cabinet 消防柜FHWA=Federal Highway Administration 联邦供料管理局FHY=fire hydrant 消防栓FIA=Factory Insurance Association 工厂保险协会fiber saturation point 纤维饱和点fiber-optic camera 光导纤维摄象机fiber-reinforced plastic product 纤维增强塑料产品fiberboard box 纤维箱fiberboard 纤维板fiberglass insulation 玻璃纤维绝缘fiberglass 玻璃纤维fibrillation 纤维性颤抖fibrosis 纤维变性Fick law 裴克扩散定律FIDOS=Fire Incident Data Organization System 火灾事件数据组织系统field acceptance test 现场验收试验field engineer 现场工程师field hydraulic 现场水力field intensity 电场〔磁场field observer 现场观察员field of view 现场field operation 现场灭火战斗活动field trial 现场试验field 电场fiery blast 火焰喷射fiery coal 气煤fiery colliery 瓦斯煤矿fiery mine 瓦斯矿井fiery 火的FIFI=fire information field investigation 消防情报实地调查fifth alarm 五级火警fight a fire 扑救火灾fight fire with fire 以火攻火fight the fire 救火fight 战斗fighting deployment 战斗展开fighting disposition 战斗部署file 档案fill hose 进水管fill-in 代出动filled column 拄状filled dry standpipe system 充填的干管系统filled-type arrester 充填型阻火器filler joist floor 栏棚填料楼板filler 填料filling cabinet 档案柜filling density 填充密度filling pressure 充装压力filling ratio 充装系数film detonation 油料薄膜层爆轰film-forming fluoroprotein agent 成膜氟蛋白泡沫液film-forming fluoroprotein foam fire extinguisher 成膜氟蛋白泡沫液灭火器filter bag 过滤袋filter collector 过滤除尘器filter type BA 过滤式防毒面具filtering respiratory protective devise for self-rescue from fire 消防过滤式自救呼吸器filtrate 滤液filtration ration 过滤速率final exit 最终安全出口final fuel=fuel 纤细的燃料<干燥时很容易着火并迅速燃耗的可燃物final run 抛撤飞行final 飞行终点financial management system 财务管理系统finder 探测器fine water spray nozzle 细喷雾枪fingers of fire 火舌finish 内部装修材料finished foam=extinguishing foam 灭火泡沫finished stock storeroom 成品库finishing fire retardant paint 饰面型防火涂料fir partition 耐火隔墙fir-resistant construction 耐火结构fire bell 火警铃fire proof dope 耐火涂料fire proof wood 防火木材fire proofing agent=fire proofing agent 防火剂fire - retardant agent 阻燃剂fire a hole 炮眼点火放炮fire academy 消防学院fire access 灭火口fire achieves 火灾档案fire administration 消防局fire agent 消防部门fire agriculture 烧荒农业fire airplane 消防飞机fire aisle 阻火通道fire alarm bell 火警铃fire alarm box 火灾报警箱fire alarm call 报火警fire alarm casing 火灾报警盒fire alarm control and indicating equipment 火灾报警控制和显示设备fire alarm control panel 火灾报警控制板fire alarm control system 火灾报警控制系统fire alarm detector of ion type 离子式火灾报警探测器fire alarm detector of thermal type 消防感温式报警探测器fire alarm device 火灾警报装置fire alarm dispatcher 火灾警报调度员fire alarm equipment 火灾警报装置fire alarm evacuation signal 火警疏散信号fire alarm headquarter 消防通讯调动中心fire alarm indication device 火警显示装置fire alarm network 火灾报警网fire alarm receiving station 火警接收站fire alarm remote indicating equipment 火警远距离显示设备fire alarm signal 火灾报警信号fire alarm signaling device 火灾信号发生装置fire alarm sounder 火灾警报器fire alarm system=fire-alarm system 火灾警报系统fire alarm zone 火灾报警区fire alarm 火灾报警fire analysis of steel building system 钢结构建筑物系统的火灾分析fire analysis 火情分析fire and ambulance station 消防及救护站fire and bilge pump 消防污水两用泵fire and causality insurance 火灾和意外保险Fire and Emergency Manufacturers & Services Association 消防和应急制造商和服务协会fire and explosion safety 防护和防爆安全fire and explosive hazard 火灾和爆炸危险fire and marine insurance 物产水火保险Fire and Material 《火与材料》fire and rescue bill 消防救生部署表fire and smoke transport 火和烟迁移fire and snow melting system 消防及融雪系统fire and theft 火险及盗窃险fire annihilator pipe 消防管fire annihilator=fire-annihilator 灭火器fire apparatus 消防车fire appliance 消防车fire approach suit 隔热服fire area 避难区域fire assembly 消防设施组件fire atlas 防火图fire attach strategy 灭火战略fire attack line 灭火水带线fire attack 火灾扑救fire avalanche 火山崩流fire ax=fire axe 消防斧fire back 壁炉背墙fire ball formation 火球的形成fire bank 防火堤fire barrage 防火墙fire barrier sealant 防火墙密封胶fire barrier wall 防火隔墙fire barrier 防火墙fire bat 火拍firebeater 拍火器fire bed 火床fire behavior analyst 火灾行为分析员fire behavior foreast 火灾行为预测fire behavior 火灾特性fire bell 火警fire belt 防火带fire bill 火灾岗位表<指在发生火灾时fire blackout 火基本扑灭fire blanket 灭火毯fire block 防火块fire board=fireboard 挡炉板fire boat 消防船fire bond 耐火材料粘结剂fire boss 灭火总指挥fire bossed 定期接受防火检查的fire box door 火箱门fire box=firebox 炉膛fire brake ZB 阻燃剂 ZBfire branch 消防枪fire brand=firebrand 燃木fire break forest=firebreak forest 防火林fire breakout 起火fire break=firebreak 防火墙fire brick arch 耐火砖拱fire brick of colliery waste 烧结煤矸石砖fire bridge 火墙fire brigade access window 消防用窗fire brigade control room 消防队控制室fire brigade hose reel 消防车胶管卷fire brigade responsibilities 消防队的责任<包括救援fire brigade vehicle 消防车fire brigade wagon 救火车fire brigade 企业专职消防队fire broom 灭火帚fire bucket 消防桶fire buff 消防队之友fire building 首先起火的建筑物fire bulkhead 防火隔板fire bund 防火堤<为容纳泄漏或溢出的可燃液体fire bureau 消防处fire burning index 燃烧指数fire button 灭火按钮fire cabinet 消火栓箱fire cache 消防器材贮藏处fire call receiving 消防通讯调度室fire call 火灾报警fire camp 消防营地fire canopy 防火挑棚fire captain 中队长fire casualty 火灾伤亡者fire cause class 火灾类别<分 Afire cause 起火原因fire cement 耐火水泥fire chamber 燃烧室fire check 热裂纹fire chute 避难滑道fire cistern 消防水池fire classification 火灾分类<根据燃料的性质划分以下4类fire clay = fire clay 耐火土fire clay brick = fire-clay brick 火泥砖fire clay chamotte 耐火粘土熟料fire clay insulating refractory 隔热耐火材料fire clay mineral 耐火粘土矿物fire clay mortar 耐火泥灰浆fire clay mould 耐火粘土模fire clay plastic refractory 塑性耐火材料fire clay refractory 粘土质耐火材料fire clay sanitary ware 耐火粘土卫生器fire clay sleeve 火泥油砖fire climate 火险气候fire climax = pyro climax 火烧演替顶极fire clock 火钟fire cloud 火山云fire co-operator 森林消防战斗员;义务护林员fire coal 取暖用煤fire coat 战斗服fire cock 消防栓fire code 消防规范fire coinsurance 火灾共同保险fire college 消防学校fire combat station 消防岗位fire command center 消防指挥中心fire command station 消防指挥站fire command system 消防指挥系统Fire Command >fire commander 火场指挥员fire commissioner 消防委员长fire community 消防界fire company inspection 火灾保险公司的检查fire company 消防队fire compartmentation 防火分隔<用耐火建筑件将建筑物加以分隔fire concentration 火灾集中fire consumption 消防用水量fire containment 遏制火灾fire control car 消防车fire control console 消防控制台<装在消防控制中心室的装有火灾监视接收器装置Fire Control Digest 《消防文摘》fire control equipment 消防设备fire control improvement 消防设施fire control line 防火线fire control operator 消防人员fire control plan 灭火作战计划fire control planning 灭火作战计划Fire Control Regulation 消防条例fire control room 消防控制室fire control 消防fire cover 消防力量fire crack mark 燃烧开裂迹印fire crack 燃烧开裂fire cracking 火裂fire crash truck 消防车fire crash 火灾事故fire crew 灭火作业组fire curtain 防火挡板fire curve 火灾曲线;时间-燃烧温度曲线fire cut 避难间fire cutoff 挡火物fire cycle detector 循环式火灾探测器fire cycle system 自动开关式喷水灭火系统<一种在起火时自动开启fire dam 防火墙fire damage 火灾损失fire damp cap 焰晕fire damp proof machine 沼气式电机fire damp 沼气甲烷fire damper board 挡火板fire damper in vent duct 通风管道中的防火阀fire damper 防火阀<用于管道内fire danger board 火险告示牌fire danger class 火险等级fire danger index 火险指数fire danger meter 火险计算尺fire danger rating area 火险等级区fire danger rating 火险评分<英国森林当局采用0~100制fire danger station =fire weather station 火险观测站fire danger 火灾危险fire data base 火灾数据库fire data 火灾数据fire day 火烧日<24小时的火烧周期fire death 火灾死亡fire deaths 死亡人数fire demand 消防需水量fire department access point 消防队进入点fire department access 消防车出入口fire department access 消防通道fire department communication center 消防部门通信中心fire department connection 水泵接合器fire department data 消防部门数据fire department equipment 消防部门的设备fire department key box 消防队锁匙箱fire department operation 消防部门业务fire department personnel 消防部门工作人员fire department pumper connection 水泵结合器fire department vehicle driver 消防队司机fire department 消防部门fire detecting and extinguishing apparatus 火灾探测和灭火装置fire detecting area 火灾探测区fire detecting arrangement 火灾探测装置fire detecting cabinet 火灾报警箱fire detecting system 火灾探测系统fire detection alarm system 火灾探测报警系统fire detection apparatus 火灾探测装置fire detection coverage 火灾探测覆盖范围fire detection device 火灾探测装置fire detection system test switch 火警探测系统试验开关fire detection system 火灾探测系统fire detection unit火灾探测装置fire detection 火灾探测fire detector element 火灾探测元件fire detector switch 火警探测器开关fire detector system 火警探测系统fire detector unit 火灾探测装置fire detector 火灾探测器<火灾自动探测系统的传感部分fire determination 火灾判断fire development 火灾发展fire devil 火焰旋涡fire disaster 重大火灾fire dispatch 消防调度fire display panel 火灾显示盘fire district 防火区fire division wall 防火墙fire dog 壁炉柴架fire door assembly 防火门组合件fire door 防火门fire drainage 排放瓦斯fire drencher 消防筒fire drill tower 消防练习塔fire drill 消防演习fire duration 燃烧持续时间fire duty 直接的灭火行动fire dynamics 火灾动力学fire ecology 火灾生态学fire edge 火缘fire education 消防教育fire effect modeling 火灾影响模拟fire effect 火烧结果fire effluent 火灾气流<火灾时固体燃烧或热解所产生的气态的fire elevator 消防电梯fire embankment 防火塔fire emergency elevator 消防紧急电梯fire emergency management 消防紧急管理fire emergency services 消防应急服务fire emergency 火灾fire enclosure 火区密封fire end 火端fire endurance calculation 耐火极限的计算fire endurance rating 耐火等级fire endurance 火灾持续性fire engine hose 消防胶管fire engine house 救火车房fire engine pump 车载消防泵fire engine 消防车fire engineer 消防工程师fire engineering 消防工程Fire Engineers Journal 《消防工程师》fire entry suit = fire-entry suit 避火服<用多层玻璃纤维或敷铝玻璃纤维制成的防护服装fire environment 火灾环境<决定火灾行为的周围条件fire equipment cabinet 消防装备箱Fire Equipment Manufacturers' Association 消防设备制造商协会Fire Equipment Manufacturers' Institute of Canada 加拿大消防设备制造商协会fire equipment 消防设备fire escape chute = fire-escape chute 救生滑槽Fire Escape Equipment Manufacturers' Association of Japan 日本避难设备工业协会fire escape stair 安全出口楼梯fire escape stair 避难梯fire escape staircase =fire-escape staircase 防火梯fire escape window 太平窗fire escape 安全滑梯fire evaluation test 燃烧评定试验fire evidence 火灾证据fire exception 火灾不在内fire exercise 消防演习fire exit drill 消防疏散训练fire exit 紧急出口fire explosion 瓦斯爆炸fire exposure severity 暴露于火灾的严重程度<可能发生的火灾的严重程度fire exposure test 暴露于火试验fire exposure time 暴露于火的时间fire exposure 暴露于火fire extend 着火范围fire extinction by foam 泡沫灭火fire extinction equipment 灭火设备fire extinction 灭火fire extinguisher switch 灭火器喷射开关fire extinguisher agent 灭火器用灭火剂fire extinguisher bracket 灭火器架fire extinguisher cabinet 灭火器箱fire extinguisher dry chemical 灭火器干粉fire extinguisher symbol 灭火器符号<它分Afire extinguisher system = fire-extinguisher system 灭火系统fire extinguisher transfer switch 灭火器转换开关fire extinguisher trolley 灭火器推车fire extinguisher 灭火器fire extinguishing agent 灭火剂fire extinguishing apparatus 灭火装置fire extinguishing appliance 灭火设备fire extinguishing bullet 灭火弹fire extinguishing cart 灭火手推车fire extinguishing drill 灭火演习fire extinguishing effectiveness 灭火效能fire extinguishing equipment 灭火设备fire extinguishing performance 灭火性能fire extinguishing plant 灭火装置fire extinguishing pump 消防泵fire extinguishing tube 灭火管fire face = fire face 煤尘燃烧面fire factor 火烧因素fire failure 火灾事故fire fall 火烧倒塌fire fan 消防爱好者fire fatality 火灾死亡fire fighter = firefighter 消防战斗员fire fighter helmet 消防头盔fire fighter professional qualification 消防队员专业资格fire fighter's boots 消防靴fire fighter's glove 消防手套fire fighters elevator = fire lift 消防电梯fire fighting agent 灭火剂fire fighting amphibian 水陆两栖消防车fire fighting apparatus 灭火设备fire fighting appliance 消防设备fire fighting boat 消防船fire fighting by equal pressure 均压灭火fire fighting clothing 消防战斗服fire fighting command car 消防指挥车fire fighting device 消防设施fire fighting equipment = fire-fighting equipment 消防设备fire fighting fabric 消防织物fire fighting foam = fire-fighting foam 灭火泡沫fire fighting foam agent 灭火泡沫液fire fighting footwear 消防靴fire fighting force 灭火力量fire fighting halon 灭火用哈龙fire fighting hose 消防水带Fire Fighting in Canada 《加拿大消防》杂志fire fighting method 灭火法fire fighting network 灭火战斗网<在火场上fire fighting service = fire-fighting service 消防勤务fire fighting ship 消防船fire fighting supply 消防供水fire fighting system 消防制度fire fighting tug 消防拖轮fire fighting turnout 消防战斗服fire fighting unit = fire-fighting unit 消防装置fire fighting vehicle = fire-fighting vehicle 消防车fire fighting with fire extinguisher 灭火器灭火fire fighting with inert gas 惰性气体灭火法fire fighting 灭火战斗fire flap 防火挡板fire flapper 防火挡板fire floor 火烧层fire flow 消防给水流量fire foam producing machine 灭火泡沫发生器fire foam 泡沫灭火剂fire fountain 火喷泉fire fringe 瓦斯边界层fire front 火灾前沿fire gas 火灾气体fire gear 消防装置fire generated wind 火成风fire goggles 消防护目镜fire good 易燃物fire grading 建筑物耐火性fire grate bar 炉条fire grate 炉篦fire ground = fire-ground 火炀fire ground announcement 火场广播fire ground command 火场指挥员fire ground communication 火场通讯fire ground factor 火场因素fire ground network 火场指挥网<火场指挥员与参战各消防队指挥员之间组成的消防无线通信网fire ground TV system 火场电视系统<能把火灾现场的实况转变成图像和伴音信号fire growth model 火灾生长模型fire growth 火灾增长fire gun 消防枪fire hall 消防站fire hat 消防头盔fire hazard classification 火险分类<根据建筑物或构筑物内物品和作业的情况fire hazard index 灭险指数fire hazard test 火险试验fire hazard 火灾危害性fire hazardous area 火险地区fire head 火头fire headquarters 火场指挥所fire heat 火热fire hole 火孔fire hook 消防钩fire horse 拉消防车的马fire hose cabinet 消防水带箱fire hose coupling 消防水带接口fire hose fitting 消防水带配件fire hose nozzle 水枪fire hose rack 消防水带架fire hose reel 消防水带卷盘fire hose 消防水带fire house 消防站fire hydrant chamber 消火栓井fire hydrant pillar 地上消火栓fire hydrant 消火栓fire ignition due to spontaneous combustion of coal 煤自燃造成的火灾fire ignition energy 引燃能量fire ignition sequence 着火顺序fire ignition to external heat 外因火灾fire ignition 着火fire in stem 树干火fire in the open 露天火灾fire indemnity 火灾损失赔偿fire indicating lamp 火灾确认灯fire indication 火警信号fire indicator 火警指示器fire information retrieval system techniques 火灾情报检索系统技术fire information 消防信息<与消防有关的语言fire inhibitor 火焰抑制剂fire injury 烧伤fire inspection 防火检查fire inspector 防火检查员fire installation 消防设备fire insurance company 火灾保险公司fire insurance contract 火险契约fire insurance on stock and supply 库存物资火险fire insurance policy 火灾保险单fire insurance premium 火灾保险费fire insurance rate 火灾保险费率fire insurance rating 火灾保险级别fire insurance surveying 火灾保险测定fire insurance tariff rate 火灾保险协定率fire insurance tariff ratio 火灾保险协定率fire insurance tree 火灾保险树fire insurance 火险fire integrity 耐火完整性<在标准耐火试验条件下fire intensity 火灾强度Fire International 《国际消防》fire investigation program 火灾调查计划fire investigation 火灾调查fire investigator 火因调查员fire irons 炉用具<如火钳fire isolation 火区隔离Fire Journal 《消防杂志》fire jump 空降灭火fire knockdown 控火fire ladder 消防梯fire lagging 防火绝缘层fire lamp 火警指示灯fire lane 消防车通道fire layer 沼气聚积层fire less cooker 无火炊具fire life 火灾延续时间fire lift priority switch 消防电梯优先开关fire lift switch 消防电梯开关fire lift 消防电梯<具有耐火时间结构fire lighter = firelighter 点火剂fire lighting 点火fire limit 消防界线防火线fire line force 灭火战斗前线的队伍fire line 灭火战斗前线fire lintel 货物起卸口防火过梁fire load 火灾荷载fire lookout 火警了望员fire loss adjustment 火灾损失调整fire loss as 火灾损失帐户fire loss information 火灾损失资料fire loss insurance 火灾保险fire loss investigation 火灾损失调查fire loss prevention manager 预防火灾损失主任fire loss prevention 预防火灾损失fire loss statistics 火灾损失统计fire loss 火灾损失fire machine 防爆式电机fire main pipe 消防总管fire main system 主消防系统fire main with fire valve 带消火阀的消防总管fire main 消防总管fire maker 打火器fire management area 有消防管理目标的地区fire management notes 消防管理备忘录fire management plan 消防管理计划fire management system 消防管理系统fire management 消防管理fire margin 火缘fire mark 火灾险牌<某些陈旧建筑物上挂的一种金属牌子fire marshal 防火处处长fire marshal's office 防火处fire mask 消防面具Fire master BP6 阻燃剂BP6<六溴联苯fire model 火灾模型fire modeling computational system 火灾模化计算系统fire modeling 火灾模化fire monitor 消防炮Fire Museum Network 消防博物馆网络系统fire nomenclature 林野火灾术语fire nozzle 水枪;水炮;消防炮fire occurrence map 火灾发生图fire office 火灾保险公司fire official 消防官员fire operation 灭火战斗活动fire origin 起火源fire out time 熄灭时间fire out 放火烧除fire pack 森林消防战斗员背包<用于装工具fire pail 太平桶fire pan 火盆fire parameter 火灾参数fire party 消防队fire patrol=fire-patrol 消防巡逻fire patrolman 消防巡逻队队员fire pentration test 燃烧穿透测试fire performance 耐火性能fire performance-based code 以火灾性能为基础的规范fire peril 火灾危险fire perimeter 火线长度fire permit 动火许可fire personnel 消防人员fire picket 驻防消防人员fire pillar 防火矿柱fire pit 火山坑fire place 壁炉fire plan 消防设备布置图fire planning 消防规划fire play 玩火fire plotting map 林野火灾定位图fire plough 防火犁fire plow 太平犁fire plug 消防龙头fire plume above roof 窜出屋顶的火焰fire plume 火羽流fire pocket 隐蔽火点<在灭火进攻后fire point theory 着火点理论fire point 燃点fire policy = fire-policy 火灾保险单fire pool 消防水池fire pot 盛火的罐fire precaution measure 防火措施fire precaution 防火措施fire precautions legislation 防火法规fire presuppression 灭火预备工作fire preventing 防火;防火的fire prevention bureau = fire prevention division = fire marshal's office 防火处Fire Prevention Code Appeals Board 防火法规上诉委员会fire prevention code 防火规范fire prevention district 防火区fire prevention division 防火区域fire prevention education officer 防火教育官员fire prevention education 防火教育fire prevention forest 防火林fire prevention officer 防火官员fire prevention principle 防火原则fire prevention science and technology 防火科学与技术fire prevention supervisor 防火负责人fire prevention system 防火系统Fire Prevention Week 防火周fire prevention zone 消防分区fire procedure plan 消防措施计划fire production manager 消防管理员fire progress map 火场形势图fire proofing finish 防火整理fire proofing = fire-proofing 阻燃材料、阻燃剂fire propagation index 火焰传播指数fire propagation 火焰传播fire protection criteria 消防标准fire protection device 防火装置fire protection district 消防区fire protection engineer 消防工程师fire protection engineering 消防工程fire protection expense 消防费用fire protection flap 防火挡板fire protection industry 消防产业fire protection layer 防火层fire protection map 消防车行程图fire protection measure 消防措施fire protection organization 消防组织fire protection professional 消防专业人员fire protection rating 耐火等级Fire Protection Review 消防周报fire protection rule 消防规范fire protection safety sign 消防安全标志fire protection signaling system 消防信号系统fire protection switch 防火开关fire protection system 消防系统fire protection tree 防火树fire protection wall 防火墙fire protection water tank 消防水罐fire protection water 消防用水fire proximity suit 避火服fire pump station 消防泵站fire pump trailer 带消防水泵的挂车fire pump with drive 带发动机的消防泵fire pump 消防泵fire pumper 泵浦消防车fire radio communication network 消防无线通信网<在一定的通信区域fire raiser 纵火犯fire raising 纵火fire rake 火耙fire rate 消防费fire rated partition 耐火隔板fire rated penetration 防火洞孔<建筑防火构件上用来穿过管子fire rated 耐火的fire rating test 耐火等级试验fire rating 防火等级fire reconstruction 火灾再现fire reel 水带卷筒fire refractory brick 焙烧砖fire refractory 粘土质耐火材料fire regulation 防火规范fire repeater 火警转发机fire report 火灾报告fire reporting telephone 火警电话Fire Research Institute of Japan 日本消防研究所fire research 火灾研究fire reservoir 消防水池fire resistanceclass 耐火等级fire resistance classification 耐火性分级fire resistance grading 耐火性分级fire resistance period 耐火时间fire resistance rating = fire-resistance rating 耐火等级fire resistance rolling shutter door 防火卷帘门fire resistance steel door 钢质防火门fire resistance test 耐火性试验fire resistance 抗燃烧性fire resistant = fire-resistant 抗火的fire resistant building 耐火建筑物fire resistant cable 耐火电缆fire resistant conveyor belt 防火运输带fire resistant coverall 防火服fire resistant hydraulic liquid 耐火液压油fire resistant material engineering 防火材料工程fire resistant paint 耐火油漆fire resistant wall = fire-resistant wall 耐火墙fire resisting bulkhead 耐火舱壁fire resisting concrete = fire-resisting concretefire resisting construction 防火结构fire resisting division 防火分隔fire resisting finish = fire-resisting finish 防火罩面漆fire resisting magazine 防火暗盒。
能源与动力工程专业英语词汇
专业名称•动力工程及工程热物理:Power Engineering and Engineering Thermophysics工程热物理:Thermal Physics of Engineering •动力工程:Power Engineering;Dynamic Engineering•热能工程:Thermal Engineering(Thermal Energy Engineering•制冷与低温工程:Refrigeration and Cryogenic[ˌkraɪəˈdʒɛnɪk]Engineering •流体机械及工程:Fluid Mechanics and Engineering•热能动力工程:Thermal Energy and Dynamic Engineering•能源与动力工程学院:School of Energy and Power Engineering热力学thermodynamics1.adiabatic process[ˌædiəˈbætɪk]绝热过程2.aerodynamics[ˌeroʊdaɪˈnæmɪks]空气动力学,空气动力学专家,n,adj空气动力学的3.buoyancy[ˈbɔɪənsi,ˈbujən-]浮升力pressibility压缩性5.gasdynamics气体动力学6.hydraulics[haɪˈdrɔlɪks]水力学7.hydrodynamics流体水力学8.hydrostatics[ˌhaɪdrə'stætɪks]流体静力学9.open system开口系统10.reversible process[rɪˈvɚsəbəl]可逆过程11.thermodynamics equilibrium[ˌikwəˈlɪbriəm]热力平衡12.viscous[ˈvɪskəs]粘性的13.inviscid[ɪn'vɪsɪd]无粘性的14.thermodynamics、thermodynamic property热力学、热力性质15.entropy[ˈɛntrəpi]熵16.enthalpy[en'θælpɪ]焓17.internal energy内能18.potential energy势能19.kinetic energy动能20.work功21.mechanical/shaft work机械功/轴功22.flow work流动功23.specific volume比容24.cycle循环25.Saturated temperature/pressure/liquid/ vapor[ˈsætʃəreɪtɪd]饱和温度/压力/液体/蒸汽26.subcooled liquid过冷液体27.quality(蒸汽干度28.dry saturated vapor干饱和蒸汽29.superheated vapor过热蒸汽30.the first/second law of thermodynamics热力学第一/二定律31.the law of the conservation of energy能量守恒定律32.reversible/irreversible process可逆/不可逆过程33.pressure drop压降34.heat exchanger热交换器35.entropy production熵产[ˈɛntrəpi]36.coefficient of performance性能系数37.refrigerating capacity/effect制冷量38.Carnot cycle卡诺循环/nit/39.refrigerating efficiency制冷效率40.equation of state状态方程41.ideal gas constant理想气体常数42.isotherm等温线43.triple point三相点44.hydrocarbons碳氢化合物/烃45.cryogenic低温学[ˌkraɪəˈdʒenɪk]46.least-square fitting最小二乘法47.specific heat/specific heat capacity比热/比热容48.azeotropic mixture共沸混合物[əˌzi:ə'trɒpɪk]49.zeotropic mixture非共沸混合物50.dew point(temperature露点(温度[dju: pɔint][du pɔɪnt]51.isentropic compression/process等熵压缩/过程[aɪsen'trɒpɪk]52.condenser冷凝器53.evaporator蒸发器54.expansion valve膨胀阀55.throttling valve节流阀pressor压缩机pressor displacement压缩机排气量58.volumetric efficiency容积效率59.single-stage/two-stage/double-stage/compound compression单/双级压缩60.intercool/intercooler中间冷却(器61.intermediate pressure中间压力62.pressure ratio压力比63.insulating material保温材料流体力学1.流体力学fluid mechanics2. 动力粘度 absolute/dynamicviscosity3. 速度梯度 velocity gradient英[ˈgreɪdiənt]美[ˈɡrediənt]4. 运动粘度 kinematic viscosity英[ˌkɪnɪ'mætɪk]美[ˌkɪnə'mætɪk]英 [vɪ'skɒsətɪ]美 [vɪˈskɑsɪti] 5. 伯努力方程Bernoulli Equation英 [bə:ˈnu:liiˈkweiʃən]6. 体积流量 volumetric flow rate7. 质量流量 mass flow rate8. 层流 laminar flow9. 紊流 turbulence/turbulentflow10. 雷诺数 Reynolds number11. 摩擦力 friction/frictionalforce12. 摩擦系数 coefficient of friction13. 微分方程 differential equation14. 阻力 drag force 或 resistance15. 阻力系数 drag coefficient传热学1. 热传递 heat transfer2. 热传导 thermal conduction3. 热对流 thermal convection4. 热辐射 thermal radiation5. 层流底层 laminar sublayer6. 过渡层 buffer layer, 缓冲区或人, buffer dinner 自助餐 buffet 英[ˈbʌfit]7. 强迫对流 forced convection8. 自然 /自由对流 natural/freeconvection9. 稳态导热 steady-state conduction10. 导热系数 thermal conductivity11. 热阻 thermal resistance12. (总传热系数 (overallheat transfer coefficient13. 表面积 surface area14. 串联 series 系列15. 并联 parallel 英[ˈpærəlel]并行, Parallel computing 并行计算16. 接触热阻 contact thermal resistance17. (对数平均温差(logarithmicmean temperature difference [ˌlɒɡə'rɪðmɪk]18. 顺流 parallel flow19. 逆流 counter flow20. 相变 phase change21. 冷库 cold storage 热库 thermal reservoir/heat bath22. 边界条件 boundary condition23. 黑体辐射 blackbody radiation24. 辐射力 emissive power25. 维恩位移定律Wien’s displacement Law 26. 半球发射率 hemispherical emittance [ˌhemɪˈsferɪkl]27. 吸收率 absorptance 英 [əb'sɔ:ptəns] 28. 透射率 transmittance英 [træns'mɪtns]n. 播送 ; 发射 ; 传动 ; 透明度 ; 29. 反射率 reflectance30. 漫射辐射 diffuse radiation31.(充分发展的层流 /紊流 fully developed laminar/turbulentflow湿空气1. 湿空气学 psychrometrics2. 干空气 dry air3. 湿空气 moistair4. 大气压 barometricpressure5. 热力学温标 thermodynamic temperature scale6. 含湿量 humidity ratio7. 比焓 specific enthalpy 英[en'θælpɪ]8. 比熵 specific entropy 英[ˈentrəpi]9. 绝对湿度 absolute humidity10. 饱和含湿量 saturation humidity ratio 英[ˌsætʃəˈreɪʃn]英[ˈreɪʃiəʊ]11. 相对湿度 relative humidity12. 热力学湿球温度 thermodynamic wet-bulb temperature13. 分压力 partial pressure14. 总压 total pressure15. 通用气体常数 universal gas constant 16. 湿球 /干球温度 dry-bulb/wet-bulbtemperature 17. 焓湿图 psychrometric chart制冷空调1. 集中 /分散供冷 central/decentralizedcooling 英[ˌdi:'sentrəlaɪzd]2. 锅炉 boiler3. 往复 /螺杆 /离心 /涡旋式压缩机 /冷水机组 reciprocating/helicalrotary(或screw/centrifugal/scrollcompressor/waterchiller unit4. 吸收式制冷 /冷水机组 absorption refrigeration/waterchiller unit5. 热回收 heat reclaim/recovery6. 冷却塔 cooling tower7. 空气 /水冷却冷凝器 air-cooled/water-cooled condenser8. 蒸发式冷凝器 evaporative condenser9. 净正吸入压力 /压头 netpositive suction pressure/head10. 供 /回干管 main supply/returnline11. 二 /三通阀 two/three-wayvalve12. 平衡阀 balancing valve13.一次/二次冷冻水系统primary/secondary chilled water system14.备用泵spare pump15.疏水器、存水弯、水封trap16.水/冰蓄冷water/ice thermal storage17.空气/水/地源热泵air/water/ground source heat pump18.定/变风量constant/variable air volume19.经济器economizer20.静/动压static/dynamic pressure21.毛细管capillary tube英[kəˈpɪləri]22.全封闭压缩机hermetically sealed/hermetic compressor英[hɜ:ˈmetɪk]23.半封闭式压缩机semi-hermetic/semi-hermetically sealed compressor24.直接膨胀direct expansion26.离心/轴流式风机centrifugal/axial fan英[ˈæksiəl]27.立管riser英['raɪzə]28.内/外平衡式热力膨胀阀internally/externally equalized thermostatic expansion valve29.吸/排气管suction/discharge line30.电磁阀solenoid valve美['solə,nɔɪd]31.恒压阀constant pressure valve32.迎风面积/速度face area/velocity33.(一拖多分体式空调器(multi-split air conditioner34.水环热泵water loop heat pump35.能效比energy efficiency ratio36.变容压缩/压缩机positive displacement compression/compressor37.速度/动压式压缩/压缩机velocity/dynamic compression/compressor38.流量系数flow coefficient39.水锤water hammer40.闸阀gate valve41.球阀ball valve42.蝶阀butterfly valve43.平衡阀balancing valve44.安全阀safety/relief valve n.救济;减轻,解除;安慰;浮雕45.止回阀check/backflow prevention valve boiler锅炉1.air heater空气预热器2.auxiliary辅助的,辅机[ɔ:gˈzɪliəri]3.bare tube光管4.blast[英][blɑ:st]鼓风5.blowdown排污6.capacity[英][kəˈpæsəti]出力7.cogenerator热电联产机组pressor压缩机bustion燃烧10.condenser凝汽器11.counterflow逆流12.critical pressure临界压力13.diesel oil柴油gasoline,gaslene, gas,petro(英,汽油14.drainage疏水、排水设备,排水系统15.drum汽包16.economizer[英][i:'kɒnəmaɪzə]省煤器17.excess air[英][ɪkˈses]过量空气18.extended surface扩展受热面19.fin鳍片、肋片、散热片、翅片20.flue gas烟气21.fluid(-bed流化床(fluidizedbed[英]['flu:ɪdaɪzd22.furnace炉膛23.fouling污垢,击球出界(羽毛球 [英]['faʊlɪŋ]24.generator发电机25.header联箱、集箱,集管26.hopper[英][ˈhɒpə(r]斗、料斗l磨煤机(pulverizer[英]['pʌlvəraɪzə]28.motor汽车、马达、电动机29.platen屏、管屏[美]['plætən]30.Prandtl numbers普朗特数31.pressure loss压力损失32.regenerator回热器,蓄热器,再生器[英][rɪ'dʒenəˌreɪtə]33.Reynolds numbers雷诺数34.slag结渣美[slæɡ]35.sootblower吹灰器美[su:tb'ləʊər]36.steam line blowing蒸汽管路吹洗37.superheater过热器38.turbine汽轮机39.suction真空,负压steam turbine蒸汽轮机40.gas turbine燃气轮机41.back pressure背压42.blower送风机、吹灰器43.boundary layer边界层44.chimney英[ˈtʃɪmni]烟囱、烟道、烟筒45.cooling tower冷却水塔46.coupling连接,连接法兰,耦合47.critical speed临界转速48.cylinder圆筒、汽缸49.head汽包封头、扬程、水头50.impeller叶轮、推进器、压缩器rge turbine-generator unit大型汽轮发电机组52.non-destructive testing(NDT无损检验53.digital-controlled machine数控机床54.fixed blade固定叶片,导向叶片55.operational speed运行转速56.outing casing外缸57.inner casing内缸58.rigid coupling刚性连轴器solid coupling59.rotor转子60.stress concentration应力集中61.two-shift operation两班制运行62.wake尾流Thermal Power Plant:热电厂1.automatic control system:自动控制系统2.boiler feed pump:锅炉给水泵feed pump:给水泵3.chamber:燃烧室/ei/4.circulating water:循环水5.check valve:止回阀,逆止阀6.non-return valve:逆止阀,止回阀7.controlling valve:控制阀,调节阀8.cooling water(CW:冷却水9.cycle efficiency:循环效率10.data processing system:数据处理系统11.de-aerator[英]['eɪəreɪtə]除氧器12.de-aerator tank:除氧水箱13.desuperheater:减温器14.desuperheater spraywater:喷水减温15.drain pump:疏水泵16.full-load:满负荷erning system:调速系统(governing:调节,调整18.heat-transfer coefficient:换热系数19.isolating valve:隔离阀20.load rejection:甩(抛负荷21.main steam:主汽22.motorized isolating valve:电动隔离阀23.lubricating oil:润滑油24.nuclear plant:核电厂25.orifice:[orifis]孔,口,孔板26.pipework:管路27.power station:电厂28.pressure reducing valve:减压装置29.reliability:安全性,可靠性30.relief valve:安全阀31.running speed:运行转速32.sealing:密封,封闭,焊封33.self-sealing:自密封的34.stainless steel:不锈钢35.stop valve:断流阀,截止阀36.strainer:滤盆,滤器,滤网,拉紧装置37.supercritical plant:超临界机组38.synchronizer:英]['sɪŋkrənaɪzə]同步器,同步机,同步装置39.throttle:节流阀[美]/ˈθrɑ:tl/喉咙,气管,vt.&vi.扼杀,压制;勒死,使窒息;使节流40.turbine-generator unit:汽轮发电机组41.ultra-supercritical:超超临界英][ˈʌltrə] [美]['ʌltrə]42.vacuum:真空43.vent:通道,通风口44.actuator:/aiktjueite/执行机构45.brake:闸,制动器46.damper:[美]['dæmpər]挡板,调节风门47.distributed control system(DCS分散控制系统48.disturbance:干扰,扰动49.feedback control:反馈控制50.forced draught(FDfan:送风机[英][fɔ:st drɑ:ft/51.furnace purge:炉膛吹扫ernor valve:调节阀53.induced draught(IDfan:引风机54.make-up pump:补水泵55.overheating:过热,超温56.preamp:前置放大器/ˈpriæmp/57.primary air fan:一次风机58.sensor:传感器59.shutdown:停机,停炉,停运,关机,关闭;倒闭,停工,停业,停播。
火灾与消防的英语单词与短语(2)
火灾与消防的英语单词与短语(2)火灾与消防的英语单词与短语更多火灾与消防的英语短语:accident analysis 事故分析accident and sickness benefits 事故和疾病补助accident arson fire 事故式纵火accident at work 操作事故accident cause 事故原因accident compensation 事故损失赔偿accident cost 事故造成的经济损失accident due to negligence 过失责任事故accident environment 发生事故的环境accidental explosion 意外爆炸accidental ignition 意外发火accompanying fire 伴随性火灾active fire control 主动灭火active fire precaution 主动防火active fire protection system 主动消防系统alarm buzzer 警报器alarm call 警戒呼叫alarm center 警报中心basement fire 地下室火灾blast wind 爆炸气浪burning area 燃烧面积burning intensity 燃烧强度constructional material 建筑材料death by burning 烧死death by poisoning 中毒死death by suffocation 窒息死death count 死亡数emergency stop valve 防火开关failure to follow instruction 违反操作程序Fire prevention防火follow rules on fire safety遵守用火安全规定fire hazards火灾隐患raise awareness of fire control and prevention提高火灾防控意识及improve fire rescue mechanisms改进火灾救援机制fire alarm火警报警器fire escape安全出口fire extinguisher灭火器fire drill消防演习。
《消防燃烧学》常用英文词汇表
《消防燃烧学》常用英文词汇表Aabandonment 离弃(指见死不救的行为)abatement of smoke 消减烟雾(法)ABC extinguisher [消]ABC灭火器(能用来扑灭A、B、C类火灾的灭火器)ABC method 心肺复苏法ABC powder extinguishing agent [消]ABC 干粉灭火剂(适用于扑救A类、B类和C 类火灾的干粉灭火剂)ablation characteristics 烧蚀特征ablation of melting body 熔融物体的烧蚀ablation-product radiation 烧蚀生成物的辐射abnormal combustion 异常燃烧(发动机爆震,早燃等不正常的总称)abnormal condition 反常情况,不正常状态,非正常状态absolute temperature 绝对温度absolute temperature scale 绝对温标absorbed gas 吸收状态气体(或瓦斯)absorbent for confining spills 限制溢出物蔓延的吸收性材料acceptance check and reception systems of plant 设备验收交接制度Acceptance regulation of equipment repair quality 设备修理质量验收制度Accessible Means of Egress 易通行的疏散通道Accident due to quality 质量事故Accident management regulation of plant 设备事故管理制度Accommodation stairway 简易楼梯Acousto-optic effect 声光效应Added value rate of plant assets 设备资产增值率Addressable alarm system 可编程(址)报警系统Adjustable piston valve 活动式汽阀Adjustable pressure limiting valve 可调限压阀Adjustable retrictor valve 可调节流阀Aerial extinguisher 航空灭火装置Aerial ladder fire truck 云梯消防车Afterbirth-like crystal 胞状晶Agricultural fire pump 农用消防泵Air inlet 进风口Air lift pump 气泡泵Air pressure balance for fire control 均压防灭火Air-foam fire branch 空气泡沫枪Air-lift pump 气升泵Airport crash fire vehicle 机场消防车Alarm 报警Alarm (in control room) (控制室内)报警Alarm and protection system 报警保护系统Alarm device 报警装置Alarm display panel 报警显示器Alarm for voltage 电压报警器Alarm gamma ray survey 报警器伽玛测量Alarm of fire 火灾警报Alarm pressure 报警压力Alarm signal 报警信号Alarm system 报警系统Alarm unit 报警单元Alcohol resistant foam concentrate 抗溶泡沫液Alert data 报警数据Amino group powder 氨基干粉An1quan2fang1mian4de5wei1xian3 安全方面的危险Analog warning accuracy 模拟报警精度analog warning test 模拟报警试验analogue detection and alarm system 模拟量探测报警系统Ancient and rare trees 古树名木Annular pressure loss 环空泵压损失Anti-burning mechanical draft cooling tower 阻燃型冷却塔Anti-collision warning device 防碰报警装置Appliance carrying fire vehicle 器材消防车Aqueous film forming foam concentrate 水成膜泡沫液arc resistance 耐电弧性Area of Refuge 避难区域Areal (departmental) repair center 地区(部门)修理中心Arson 放火Automatic explosion suppression system 自动抑爆系统Automatic fire a1arm system 火灾自动报警系统Automatic fire alarm system 火灾自动报警系统automatic fire equipment 自动消防设备Automatic fire signa1 自动火灾信号automatic light control 自动光强控制装置Automatic sprinkling fire extinguishing system 自动喷水灭火系统Auxiliary fire vehicle 后援消防车average deviation 平均偏差Average pump pressure 平均泵压a.a.r against all risk 综合险,保一切险,保全险AA auto-alarm 自动报警AAB Aircraft Accident Board 飞行事故调查委员会AAC automat and automatical control 自动装置与自动控制AACC American automatic control council 美国自动控制委员会AACC American Association for Contamination control 美国控制污染协会AAE American Association of Engineers 美国工程师协会AAEC Australian Atomic Energy commission 澳大利亚原子能委员会AAEE American Association of Electrical Engineers 美国电气工程师委员会AAJ Architectural Association of Japan 日本建筑协会AAR aircraft accident report 飞机事故报告AAS American Association for the advancement of Science 美国科学促进协会Ab air-breaker 空气断路器Bbaby Bangor [消]小拉梯〈一种没有绳索和滑轮的拉梯,主要用于建筑物内部〉back flame [消]复燃火焰〈熄灭后再燃的火焰〉back pack [消]背包式灭火器〈背负的五加仑灭火器,内装泵,用于扑救草地和灌木丛〉back pack pump tank 背负式带泵灭火器back pack pump tank fire extinguisher [消]小型背负泵式灭火器back pressure valve 止回阀,背压阀back scattering 反向(后向)散射back stair 后楼梯,辅助楼梯back staircase 后楼梯,辅助楼梯间back step [消](消防车的)后踏板back stopping [矿]上向梯段回采back strack 由原路退回back stretch [消]反向铺设水带back up 1、备用的,候补的2、倒转,回退back-up battery 备用电源back-up breaker 备用断路器Back-up safety functions 辅助安全功能baffle 1、隔板 2、[消]水箱隔板 3、隔火板 4、缓冲板 5、导流叶片 6、遮护物balanced system 1、[消]均衡系统 2、均衡系统,对称系统Balancing pressure on stopping 均压防灭火ball blanket [消]塑料球覆盖层ball cock 浮球阀ball hydrant [消]球形消防栓ballast tank 1、压载水枪 2、压载舱ball-float liquid-level meter 球形浮子液面计Base injection foam extinguishing system 液下喷射泡沫灭火系统Beat fireproof 建防火带Bell character 报警字符Biological Chip 生物芯片biplane butterfly valve 平板蝶阀Blower extinguishment 风机灭火Blow-off valve seat 放水阀座Boiler safety valve 安全阀Boilor check valve seat 止回阀座Branch crystal 树枝晶Budget of installation 安装预算bulk range 喷射距离Burn (Verb) 燃烧(动词)Burning behaviour 燃烧性能Bursting 爆裂butterfly valve 蝴蝶阀by-pass valve 旁通阀CCabinet extinguishing equipment 柜式灭火装置Cabinet foam extinguishing eguipment 柜式泡沫灭火装置cabinet foam extinguishing equipment [消]柜式泡沫灭火装置cabinet type hose washing machine [消]柜式洗水带机cable line-type fixed temperature detector [消]缆式线型定温探测器〈采用缆式线结构的线型定温探测器〉cable tray fire break 电缆槽盒阻火物cable vault 电缆进线室cable-tray penetration 电缆槽盒穿透(度)cable-tray temperature sensor 缆式温度传感器calamity damage insurance 火灾保险calculation of probabilities [林]可能性推算calibration criterion 校准标准call back 1、[消]火灾报警箱 2、[英]公用电话亭 3、[消]召回Calorific potential 潜热能camp boss [林]营地管理员〈负责建立和管理一个消防营地的人〉campaign fire [林]战役火灾〈要花一天以上才能扑灭的森林火灾〉campfire [林]营火camshaft 凸轮轴,分配轴can [口][消]灭火器Canadian Association of fire Chiefs 加拿大消防长官协会Canadian Association of fire Investigators 加拿大火灾调查委员会Canadian Automotive Rescue Society 加拿大汽车救援协会Canadian Centre for Emergency Preparedness 加拿大应急准备中心Candela 坎德拉Capital investment recovery period of plant 设备投资产出比Carbon dioxide extinguishing agent 二氧化碳灭火剂Carbon dioxide extinguishing system 二氧化碳灭火系统Carbon dioxide fire extinguisher 二氧化碳灭火器Carbon dioxide fire vehicle 二氧化碳消防车casting-state structure 铸态组织Catchpit 集流坑Ceiling screen 挡烟垂壁Central alarm station 中央报警站Central fire alarm control unit 集中火灾报警控制器Centralized maintenance 集中维修Centrifugal pump 离心泵Centrifugal pump drainage 离心泵排水Centrifugal water pump 离心式水泵Check point 检测点Check valve 止回阀Chemical foam 化学泡沫Chemical reaction extinguisher 化学反应式灭火器Chemical reaction fire extinguisher 化学反应式灭火器Chimney effect 烟囱效应Chip 芯片Chute rail smoke extinguishing system 滑道架式烟雾灭火系统CIF of imported equipment 进口设备到岸价city fire station 城镇消防站city path for fire wehicles 城镇消防通道Claims for equipment 设备索赔Class A A类火Class B B类火Class C C类火Class D D类火class of safety protection 安全防护等级Classified management of plant 设备分级管理CO&sub2; fire extinguishing system 二氧化碳灭火Cocrystallization 共晶体Coefficient of pump pressure 泵压系数Coercionary service system 强制保养制coercive force 矫顽力Combination of design, manufacturing and operation 设计、制造与使用相结合combination of professional management and mass management 专业管理与群众管理相结合Combination of repair, modernization and renewal 修理、改造与更新相结合Combination of service and planned maintenance 维护与计划检修相结合combination of technical management and economic management 技术管理与经济管理相结合Combination type fire detector 复合式火灾探测器Combined agent extinguishing system 混合灭火系统Combined extinguishing 综合灭火Combined maintenance 混合维修Combined smoke and powder extinguishing system 烟雾干粉联用灭火系统combustibility 可燃性Combustiblc 可燃的Combustion 燃烧Command and communication fire vehicle 通讯指挥消防车Commodity inspection 商检(商品检验)complete discharge 完全喷射Complete set of plant 设备的成套性Complexity coefficient of repair 修理复杂系数Comprehensive utilization ratio of plant 设备综合利用率Compressed air pump drainage 压气泵排水Constitution ratio of plant 设备构成比containment spray system 安全壳喷淋系统[压水堆]contract change and cancellation 合同变更与解除control valve 调节阀Coordinate Bond 配价键Coordination Compound 配位化合物Copper 铜core spray system 堆芯喷淋系统[沸水堆]Corridor 走廊cost for re-building the historical and cultural relics 文物建筑重建费Criticality alarm system 临界报警系统crystal boundary 晶界Crystal particle 晶粒ctric spark 电火花Current consumption at alarm 报警电流current density 电流密度cyindrical plug valve 圆柱形转阀cylindrical crystal 柱状晶cylindrical valve 圆筒阀CAFS compressed air foam system [消]压缩空气泡沫系统Ddabo 护墙板,墙裙Dahill hoist 达希尔升降机〈一种以压缩气体为动力的升降机〉daily burning cycle [林]日火烧周期〈24小时的燃烧周期,从上午10算起〉daily activity level [林]日常活动等级damage 损害,损失damage area [消]1、烧毁面积 2、受损地区,毁坏地区damage control tender [消]防损车〈用于预防或减少灭火战斗中水渍等损失的消防车〉damage length 烧毁长度〈烧毁面积在特定的方向的最大距离〉damagerous articles package 危险品包装Damkohler number 丹姆克尔数damming 修筑隔墙damp atmosphere 湿大气damp down fire (用沙子灭等)灭火,消火damped 被(瓦斯)窒息的damper control 风门控制装置damposcope 爆炸瓦斯指示器danger index [林]火险指数danger meter [林]火险尺(法)Dangerous Chemical Substances or Hazardous Chemicals 化学危险物品data processing system security 数据处理系统安全性Data security 数据安全Date of residual magnetism 剩磁数据dead air 1、含有大量CO2的空气。
消防英语专业词汇(J-L)
消防英语专业词汇(J-L)j = joule 焦耳j = 碘j-bolt 钩头螺栓jack algorithm 流场数值计算中一种常用的逐点迭代法jack hammer 气锤jack lamp 安全灯jack outrigger 撑脚千斤顶jack pad 起重器垫jack plate 插接箱底板jack rafter 小椽jack screw 螺旋起重器jack up 用千斤顶顶起jack 支腿jacket 上层jackknife door 折门jackknife 牵引车相对拖车成转角jackknifing 牵引车相对拖车成转角jaclb`s ladder 木踏板绳梯jamb 门窗侧壁japan architects' association 日本建筑家协会japan society of civil engineering 日本土木工程学会japan 日本漆japanese building law test method 日本建筑法规测试方法japanning room 油漆间jasmine 流场计算模型jaw 虎钳jcnfso = joint council of national fire service organization 全国消防组织联合委员会jellied gasoline 凝固汽油弹jelly bomb 凝固汽油弹jet - core region 射流中心jet cone 射流扩展锥jet control 喷射流的控制jet current 射流jet flame 喷焰jet flow 射流jet fuel 喷气燃料jet hole 射流孔jet normal pressure 喷射正常压力jet propulsion 喷气推进jet pump 喷射泵jet reaction 射流反力jet section 喷流横截面jet siphon 射流虹吸管jet spread angle 喷射分散角jet 射流jet-axe 杰脱斧jet-piercing burner 热力钻孔喷焰器jfps = japan fire prevention service 日本防火机构jfro = joint fire research organization 火灾研究联合组织jib 臂jimmy 撬棍jis = japanese industrial standard 日本工业标准job mobility 职业流动性job safety analysis 工作安全分析job safety training 工作安全训练jockey pump 管道补压泵joining 连接处joint command 跨责任区联合指挥joint committee on building codes 建筑规范联合委员会joint compound 接合剂joint council of national fire service organization 全国消防组织联合委员会joint drill 联合演习joint fire research organization of the fire offices committee and the department of the environment 消防事务所委员会与环境部联合消防研究组织joint fire research organization 联合防火研究组织joint powers authority 联合权力机构joint probability 联合概率joint 接合点〔外joist 搁栅joisted ceiling 搁栅吊顶joker 小警铃jones snap coupling 琼斯快式接口joule 焦耳joule's law 焦耳定律joule-lenz's law 焦耳一楞次定律jounce distance 震离jounce 震跳journal 消防队日记jsce = japan society of civil engineering 日本土木工程学会jump fire 飞火jump spark 跳火jump spot 空降着陆点jumping cushion 救生垫jumping fire = spooting fire 造成飞火和二次火灾的火灾jumping net 用以接住跳楼人的救生网)jumping sheet 救生跳布<用约10平方米的帆布或合成纤维制作的救生器具junior aerial 小型云梯消防车junior captain 小队长junior fire department 少年消防团junior officer 基层消防官员jurisdiction map 责任区地图jurisdiction 管辖权jurisdictional agency 权力机构jurisdictional coverage network 管区覆盖网<消防调度指挥中心与通信指挥消防车juristic person 法人jury pump 备用泵just cause 正当理由jute 黄麻juvenile court 少年法庭juvenile delinquent 少年犯juvenile fire setter 少年放火犯juvenile fire setting 少年放火k = kilogram 公斤k = 钾k-model 场模计算中常用的处理湍流流动的模型kalamein 包金属的防火门kapok 木棉karman vortex street effect 卡曼涡道效应karman vortex street 卡曼涡道katabatic wind 下降风katergol 液体火箭燃料katharometer 导热析气计keel 龙骨keep away from fire 切勿近火keep in a fire 使火不熄灭keep the fire under 控制住火keeper 门销保险器;门闩kelly day 额外轮休期kelly tool 凯氏铁铤<一头是凿头kelvin absolute scale 开氏绝对温度kelvin degree 开尔文温度kelvin rating 绝对温度值kelvin scale 开氏温标kelvin temperature scale 开氏温标kelvin temperature 开尔文温度kelvin thermodynamic scale of temperature 开氏热力学温标kelvin 开尔文kelvin's scale 开氏温标kelvin's absolute scale of temperature 开氏绝对温标kennelly-heaviside layer e电离层keratin 角质kerites 煤油沥青keroger 油母岩kerosene fuel 煤油类燃料kerosene boiler 煤油锅炉kerosene burner 煤油灯kerosene burning quality 煤油燃烧性质kerosene flash point 煤油闪点kerosene heater 煤油加热炉kerosene lamp 煤油灯kerosene oil engine 煤油机kerosene oil 煤油kerosene oil-gas 煤油气kerosene propellant 煤油喷气燃料kerosene smoke 煤油烟kerosene stove 煤油炉kerosene 煤油kerosine = kerosene 煤油kerosine oil-gas 煤油气ketone 酮kev = kilo - electron-volt 千电子伏key event 关键事件key holder 钥匙架key off 切断key on 接通key panel 键盘key position 关键部位key station 主台kfpa = korean fire protection association 朝鲜消防协会kgf = kilogram-force 千克力kickback 反冲kickout 踢出killed line 已切断的线路killer 断路器kiln suit 烧窑服kiln 窑kilo = kilogram 千克kilo ampere 千安培kilocurie 千居里kilogram - calorie 千克·卡kilogram - meter 千克·米kilogram 千克kilojoule 千焦kiloliter 千升kilometer 公里kilopascal 千帕kiloton energy 千吨tnt 当量kilovolt 千伏kindle 烧着kindling point 着火点kindling temperature 着火温度kindling wood 引火柴kindling 引火物kinematics 运动学kinesthesis 动觉kinetic energy 动能kinetic head 动能头kinetic pressure 动压力kinetic viscosity 动力粘度kinetics 动力学king post 木行架中柱kink 折转水带kip 千磅kit 消防器材kitchen cooking equipment 厨房烹饪设备kitchen fire 烹饪火灾kitchen fitment 厨房设备kitchen fitting 厨房设备kitchen grease extraction hood 厨房油脂抽引罩kitchen range 厨灶kitchen stove range 厨灶kitchen 厨房kitchenette 小厨房knapsack = backpack pump 背负泵knapsack sprayer 背负式喷雾器knapsack tank 背负式泡沫液罐knife switch 闸刀开关knob 球形把手knock characteristic 爆震特性knock detection 爆燃监测knock down the flame 熄灭火焰knock down 压住火势knock free region 无爆震区knock limit 爆燃极限knocking combustion 爆震燃烧knocking explosion 爆炸knocking fuel 爆炸燃料knowledge industry 知识产业korea volunteer firefighter's association 韩国志愿消防员协会kortick tool 耙锄kynol 基诺尔<美国商品名l = lambert 朗伯l 电感la50 半致死label 同位素示踪剂labeled rating 标定等级labeled 贴有标签的labeling 张贴危险告示;作标记labor pool 机动工小组laboratory hood 实验室通风柜lachrymator 催泪剂lacing course 拉结层lacquer 硝基漆lacrimator 催泪剂催泪性毒气lactic acid 乳酸ladder assembly 梯架ladder bed lock 云梯锁定装置ladder bed 梯架ladder belt 安全带ladder block 梯脚垫块ladder butt 梯脚ladder carry 消防梯的搬运ladder company 登高车中队ladder dog chain 梯子爪链<一端是环ladder dog 梯子爪链ladder fly 上节梯ladder fuel 阶梯可燃物<植物层之间垂直连接的可燃物ladder lock 消防梯架空销定器ladder pawl 挂钩ladder pipe 缚在云梯上的消防炮ladder raise 竖梯ladder safety device 梯子安全装置ladder shoe 梯脚防滑套ladder side 梯子侧板ladder spur 梯子防滑块ladder stand 活动梯台ladder stream 云梯射流ladder string 梯子侧板ladder the building 架梯ladder tie 拉梯绳结ladder training tower 梯子训练塔ladder truck 登高车ladder 梯ladder-jack scaffold 挂梯式轻便脚手架ladderman 跟登高车的消防战斗员ladies' auxiliary 女士辅助组lading clearance 装载规定lag time 滞后时间lagging 背板lake asphalt 湖沥清lambert 朗伯laminar diffusion flame 层状扩散火焰laminar flame 层流火焰laminar flow 片流laminated construction 叠层结构laminated glass 夹层玻璃laminated paper board 层压纸板laminated veneer lumber 单板层积材lamp black 炭黑lamp marking the control point 指挥部标志灯land accident 陆地上空飞行事故;地面事故land map 地形图land occupancy fire 烧荒用火land pollution 土地污染land safely 安全着陆landing accident 着陆事故;降落事故landing area 降落面积landing gear 起落架landing pad 降落场landing valve 起落阀landing 楼梯平台lantern light 天窗lanyard 安全绳lap lace-transform 拉普拉斯变换lap strap 安全腰带lap 搭接lapse rate 温度垂直梯度large fire 大火灾large stream 大射流large-diameter hose 大口径水带large-drop sprinkler system 大水滴洒水喷头系统large-loss fire 损失严重的火灾large-lot 高堆货物large-orifice sprinkler system 大口径洒水喷头系统large-scale test 大规模试验laryngitis 喉头炎laryngo phone 喉头送话器las 温度指示器laser beam line-type smoke detector 激光光束线型感烟探测器laser beam type thermal detector 激光光束型感温推测器laser fire detector 激光火灾探测器laser ignition 激光点火laser line type smoke detector 激光线型感烟探测器laser methanometer 激光沼气测定仪laser signal device 激光信号装置laser 激光laser-induced combustion 激光致生燃烧lash 捆住last back 全返信号last due 末车latch 小弹簧锁latent heat of fusion 熔化潜热latent heat of vaporization 蒸发潜热latent heat 潜热latent period 潜伏期lateral force resisting system 抗侧力系统lateral 走向平巷latex 橡浆lath and plaster ceiling 板条抹灰吊顶lath 板条lattice 点阵laughing gas 笑气laundry 洗衣房law of perfect gas 理想气体定律law of thermodynamics 热力学定律lay in 边开车边铺高水带lay out 铺设水带lay 敷设layering 成层layout of floor plan 楼层平面布置图layout of general plan 总体布置图layout 水带线的部署lc = lethal concentration 致死浓度lcd = liquid crystal display 液晶显示lco = lethal concentration-0 安全浓度lcso = lethal concentration-50 半致死浓度ld = lethal dose 致死剂量ld50 = lethal dose50 半致死剂量ldh = large diameter hose 大口径水带ldo = lethal dose-0 安全剂量leaching 沥滤lead intoxication 铅中毒lead plane pilot = airtanker boss 引航机驾驶员lead plane 引航机lead poisoning 铅中毒lead 伸向火场的水带线leader line 火场供水线leading cause of fire 火灾的主要原因leading edge 前缘leaf canopy 枝叶冠盖leaf spring 片簧leaf 叶片leak detection 泄漏〔漏气leak detector 检漏器leak rate 渗漏率leak sealing bag 封漏袋leak sealing kit 泄漏密封器材leak test 泄漏试验leak-off 漏泄leakage current heating 泄漏电流加热leakage current 漏电电流leakage detector 漏电指示器leakage flux 漏通量leakage indicator 泄漏指示器leakage rate 渗漏率leakage 漏电leaker 破损的装运箱leaky hose 漏水的水带lean gas 贫气lean limit 下限lean mixture 浓度低的混合物lean- to roof 单坡层顶lean-to collapse 单坡形倒坍learn not to turn curriculum "学防火"教程learning environment 学习环境leather boot 皮靴leave of absence 获准的假期leave 休假ledger 横木leeward spreading fire 顺风蔓延的火灾leg lock 腿固定<一只小腿伸在两节梯级间legal aid 法律帮助legal chemistry 法医化学legal liability 法定义务legal person 法人legitimate smoke 合法的烟lel = lower explosive limit 爆炸下限length 长度les model = large eddy simulation model 大旋涡模拟模型lesion 损害lethal concentration 50% 半致死浓度<在规守的暴露时间里lethal dose 致死剂量lethal dose50 半致死剂量lethal exposure dose 50% 半致死暴露剂量<在规定的暴露时间里lethal exposure time 50% 半致死暴露时间lethal is 致死的lethal radiation dose 致死辐射剂量lethal 致死的lethality 致死性letter bomb-detector 信件弹探测器letter of compliance program 执行方案公函leukemia 白血病leukocyte 白细胞leukocytosis 白细胞增多leukopenia 白细胞减少level ceiling 平面型天花板level detector 水平传感器level gage 液面指示器level i incident 一级事故<出事故的危险品能容易地控制level of hazardous material incident 危险物品事故等级level of protection 防护等级level of smoke 烟浓度level ⅲ incident 三级事故<涉及危险品的数量可能造成大灾难level 平巷levelⅱincident 二级事故<涉及危险品的数量可能造成灾难lewis acid 路易斯酸lewis number 路易斯数lexicology 词汇学lexis = mead data central 米德数据中心lfl = lower flammable limit 可燃下限lh = left hand 左手liability insurance 责任保险liability limit 责任限额license 许可licensed material 有许可证的放射性物资licensed premises 有特许执照的企业licensing 特许的lieutenant colonel 中校lieutenant 副中队长;小队长life belt 安全带life boatman 救生艇水手life buoy 救生圈life car 救生吊车life chute 救生袋life curve 寿命曲线life exposure 生命暴露life gun 射绳枪life hazard 有生命危险的事物life jacket 救生衣life line rescue gun 射绳枪life line 导路绳life net 救生网life of flame 破碎熄灭life pack 救生袋<两端开口life raft 救生筏life ring 救生圈life risk 生命危险life rope gun 射绳枪life rope 救生绳life safety code 生命安全规范life safety concept 生命安全概念life safety education 全命安全教育life safety evacluation 生命安全疏散life safety harness 安全带life safety hazard 生命安全危险life safety protection 生命安全保护life safety rope 安全绳life safety 生命安全life saving = lifesaving 救生life saving device 救生装置life saving equipment cabinet 救生设备柜life sliding pole 救生滑杆life support system 生命保障系统life support 生命保障life test 寿命试验life threatening exposure limit 威胁生命暴露极限life time 使用期限life-form 生活型lifeline 救生索lift pump 升水泵lift shaft 电梯竖升lift truck 自动装卸车lift 升程扬程lifter roof tank 升降式浮顶罐lifting bag 提升袋lifting gear 起重机;提升机构lifting jack 举升器lifting 火焰悬浮ligament 韧带light activated element 光敏元件light adaptation 光适应light amplifier 光放大器light attack vehicle 轻型消防车<座位少于三个light burn 轻度过火<土壤覆盖了部份炭化的有机物light burning 轻质可燃物的烧除light fastness 耐光性light filter respirator 轻便防毒面具light fixture 灯具light fuel 轻质可燃物<枯草叶light hazard occupancy 低火险用房light hazard 低火险用房<办公室light intensity 光强度light level 光级light obscuration principle 光线遮蔽原理light obscuration smoke detection 减光型感烟火灾探测light oil 轻油light plant 照明车light reflection 光反射light rescue vehicle 轻型救援车light roof 轻质屋面light scattering principle 光线散射原理light scattering smoke detection 散光型感烟火灾探测light sensitive element 光敏元件light sensor 光敏元件light signal 光信号light source projection equipment 光源放映设备light switch 电灯开关light water foam 轻水泡沫light water 轻水light well 采光井light wind 软风light wood 引火柴light 光light-emitting diode 发光二极管light-emitting sign 发光信号light-off time limit timer 限时点燃定时器light-off 点燃light-sensitive device 光敏装置lighter 打火机lighting and signs 照明和标记lighting burner 照明灯lighting circuit 照明电路lighting fitting 灯具lighting gas 灯用煤气lighting installation 照明设备lighting lead 照明导线lighting off 点火lighting outlet 引出线lighting panel 照明配线盘lighting set 照明装置lighting unit 照明车lighting 采光lightning activity level 闪电活动度<雷击的相对频率lightning arrester 避雷装置lightning conductor 避雷器lightning current 雷电流lightning damage 雷击损害lightning fire occurrence index 雷击发生率lightning fire 雷击火灾lightning flash 电闪lightning gap 放电隙lightning overvoltage 闪电过电压lightning plate protector 板式避雷器lightning proof 防雷击装置lightning protection coating 防雷击涂层lightning protection earthing 避雷接地lightning protection system 避雷装备lightning protection 避雷lightning protective coating 防雷击涂层lightning protector 避雷器lightning risk 雷击危险lightning rod 避雷针lightning strike 雷击lightning stroke 雷击lightning 闪电lightweight concrete 轻质混凝土lightweight construction 轻型结构lightweight refractory 轻质耐火材料lightweight 轻(型lignin 木质素lignite 褐煤limber 污水道limbing 截去lime 石灰limestone 石灰石limit control 限位控制装置limit load design 极限荷载设计limit of concentration 浓度极限limit of detonability 爆轰极限limit of flammability 易燃性极限limit of inflammability 燃烧极限limit of reach 射程极限limit switch 限位开关limit ventilation rate 极限通风速率limited access highway 限制进入的高速公路limited area system 有限区域系统limited combustibility 有限的可燃性limited evacuation 有限疏散limited-combustible material 有限可燃物质limited-growth fire 有限成长火灾limiting adiabatic flame temperature 极限绝热火焰温度limiting fatigue stress 极限疲劳应力limiting heat-release rate 极限释热率limiting oxygen index 最低氧指数limiting safe mixture 极限安全混合物limiting temperature 极限温度line battery 线路电池组line belt 传送带line 水带线linear accelerator 线性加速器linear amplification 线性放大linear beam type smoke detector 光束线型感烟探测器linear diagram 线性曲线图linear discharge 线性喷射linear energy transfer 能量直线传输linear expansion 线性膨胀linear programming 线性规划linear relation 线性关系linear relationship 线性关系linear spray 线性喷洒linear 线的liner beam detector 光束线型探测器logdeck 原木平台logged 充满浓烟和热气的logger 记录器logic analysis 逻辑分析logic behavior 逻辑特性logic circuit 逻辑电路logic component 逻辑元件logic error 逻辑错误logic 逻辑logistic curve 逻辑曲线logistics 后勤loi = limiting oxygen index 极限氧指数london professional fire fighters association 伦敦职业消防战斗员协会long day 全天班long line 长绳long stem valve 长杆阀long term reliability 耐久可靠long-distance water relay 长距离串联供水long-range forecast 长期预报long-term fire danger 长期火险long-term heat resistance 长期耐热性long-term insurance 长期保险long-term retardant 长效阻火剂longevity pay 工龄津贴longevity 资历longitudinal study 纵向研究look-up table 查阅表lookout cabin 了望室lookout cupola 了望室lookout dispatcher 了望调度员lookout fireman 了望消防员lookout house 了望屋lookout man 了望人员lookout observatory 了望观察台lookout observer 了望人员lookout patrol 巡防员lookout patrolman 流动了望员lookout point 了望点lookout station 了望站lookout tower 了望塔lookout 了望员loom 绝缘线束loop around test 循环试验loop back 回送loop check 回送校验loop circuit 环形电路loop control 循环控制loop corridor 环形走廊loop end 套环loop error 循环错误loop network 环形管网loop system 环形系统loop 回路looped main 环形供水主管looped system 反馈调节系统looping 截枝loose coupling 松动接口loose fill insulation board 松散充填料绝缘板loose fill 松散充填料loose house 散装易燃仓库loose merchandize 松散货物loose wire 松动线路los model = level of service model 服务水平模型loschmidt number 洛喜米特数loss control manager 损失控制经理loss control 控制损失loss due to burning 燃烧损失loss evaluation model 损失评估模型loss of electric power 停电loss of head 水头损失loss of life and property 生命财产损失loss of pressure 压力损失loss prevention program 损失预防计划loss prevention 损失预防loss ratio 损失率loss 损失lost line 失去的火灾控制线lost-time accident 损失工时的事故lost-time injury 损失工时的工伤lot line 地界线loud-hailer 手提式扩音器loudspeaker 扬声器louver 天窗low back pressure foam generator 低背压泡沫产生器low body 低底盘平板车low brush 低灌木丛low discharge density water spray 低喷放密度水雾low energy fire 低能火low energy system 低能装置low expansion air foam 低倍空气泡沫low expansion foam 低倍数泡沫low expansion system 低倍系统low explosive 低炸药low flash point 低闪点low hazard 低火险<指建筑物等可燃性低low oxygen oven 低氧烘炉low point 低点low pressure acetylene generator 低压乙炔发生器low pressure air system 低压空气系统low pressure application 低压喷级low pressure boiler 低压锅炉low pressure delivery gauge 低压出水口表low pressure delivery 低压出水low pressure fire hose nozzle 低压消防水带水枪low pressure nozzle 低压喷嘴low pressure storage tank 低压储罐low pressure stream 低压射流low pressure tank 低压储罐low pressure 低压low red heat 低红热low rise building 低层建筑low service system 低压系统low service 低压供水系统low storied building 低层建筑low temperature brittleness 低温脆性low temperature carbonization 低温碳化处理low vacuum 低真空low vapor pressure chemical 低蒸气化学品low vapor pressure liquid 低蒸气压力液体low voltage circuit protection 低压电路保护low voltage line 低压线low voltage side 低压侧low voltage wiring system 低压布线系统low voltage 低电压low water alarm 低水位警报器low water cutout 低水位关断器low zone pump 低位泵low-cost explosive 廉价炸药low-cylinder-pressure warning whistle 气瓶低压警笛low-density ammonia dynamite 低密度硝铵炸药low-density explosive 低密度炸药low-duty fireclay brick 轻荷耐火砖low-energy foam generation system 低能泡沫发生系统low-expansion foam extinguishing agent 低倍泡沫灭火剂low-freezing ammonia dynamite 难冻硝铵炸药low-freezing dynamite 低冻炸药low-freezing explosive 低冻炸药low-grade combustion 缓慢燃烧low-grade gas 低级煤气low-hazard content 低火险屋内物品low-hazard occupancy 低火险用房<一至三房的住宅low-heat value gas 低热值煤气low-level analysis 低剂量放射性物质的分析low-level counting 低剂量放射性物质的计数low-pressure carbon dioxide storage container 低压二氧化碳贮罐low-pressure water mist system 低压水雾系统low-rise 低层的low-strength explosive 低威力炸药low-temperature foaming agent 低温泡沫液low-temperature switch 低温开关low-velocity explosive 低速炸药low-water level switch 低水位开关lower explosion limit 爆炸下限lower flammability limit 发火下限lower flammable limit 易燃下限lower limit of expolsibility 爆炸下限lower limit of flammability 易燃性下限lowry hydrant 劳里消火栓lox = liquid oxygen 液氧lpg = liquefied petroleum gas 液化石油气lpm = litres per minute 升分lt ratio 转向比<转向机构的传动比lubricant 润滑剂lubricating grease 润滑脂lubricating oil 润滑油lubrication 润滑lugging 过载lumber fire 伐木制材火灾lumber kiln 木材干燥窑lumber mill 锯木厂lumber yard 堆木场lumber 木材lumen 腔luminaire 灯具luminance signal 发光率信号luminance 亮度luminescence 发光luminescent explosion-proof lamp 防爆型日光灯luminous efficiency 发光效率luminous flame 发光火焰luminous flux 光流luminous intensity unit 光强单位luminous intensity 发光强度luminous paint 发光涂料luminous 发光的lung irritant 肺刺激物lustre 光泽lux 勒克司照度单位lyddite 立德特苦味酸。
轰燃竟然变成闪燃!
轰燃竟然变成闪燃!近年来,有不少消防界的工程技术人员、教师在讲课时,把轰燃说成闪燃,这显然是错误的。
两个术语的区别轰燃轰燃对应的英文术语是flash-over,根据国家标准消防名词术语。
其定义是“在一限定空间内,可燃物表面全部卷入燃烧的瞬变状态”。
闪燃闪燃对应的英文术语是flash,根据我国消防界的权威著作《中国消防手册》,其定义是“在液体表面上能产生足够的可燃蒸汽,遇火能产生一闪即灭的燃烧现象”。
轰燃常有的定义还有1室内火灾由局部火向大火的转变,转变完成后,室内所有表面都开始燃烧。
2室内燃烧由燃料控制向通风控制的转变,转变使得火灾由发展期进入最盛期。
3在室内顶篷下方积聚的未燃气体式蒸气突然着火而造成火焰迅速扩展。
工程上轰燃的判据为1上层热烟气平均温度达到600度。
2地面处接受的热流密度达到20kW/m2。
无论用哪种定义比较,这两个术语的区别都是很大的。
导致误用的原因按理说,这两个意义完全不同,官方和国内学术界早已有明确定义的术语是不应该混淆的。
问题出在香港消防界把flash-over译为“闪燃”,在学术上、技术交流中把这个不妥的译名传入大陆。
此后又有人在搜索引擎上撰写词条“闪燃”词条时赋予该术语双重含义,包括闪燃和轰燃,这样的解释既不逻辑自洽,又不符合国内规范和通用的定义,显然不是内行做的。
可是搜索引擎影响力大,这种误译的术语就传开了。
﹁反思﹂一个术语的误译,本身不是太大的事,但由此我们应该反思一些问题。
科技文章与文艺作品不同,必须用规范化的名词术语,准确地说明道理。
改革开放以来,我国在消防术语规范化,与国际标准接轨方面做了大量的工作,形成了一个比较完整的,科学性强的体系,尽管个别术语的翻译在“达”“雅”上还有推敲的余地,在“信”的方面可以说基本上符合要求。
香港在消防术语上自成体系,与国家规范化术语有许多不同之处。
因此消防界的人士在讲课,写文章时不宜随便采用香港的消防术语,这样做不仅个别翻译欠妥的术语可能带来问题,就是使用其翻译正确,但译法不同的术语也会导致误解。
火灾消防专业英语
裙房 skirt[skə:t] building建筑高度 building altitude [æltitju:d]耐火极限 duration[djuəreiən] of fire resistance[rizistəns]Fire resistance rating不燃烧体 non–combustible[kəmbʌstəbəl] component[kəmpəunənt]难燃烧体 hard–combustible component Difficult-combustible component 燃烧体 combustible component综合楼 multiple–use building商住楼 business–living building网局级电力调度楼 large–scale power dispatcher[dispætə]’s building 高级旅馆 high–grade hotel高级住宅 high–grade residence半地下室 semi–basement地下室 basement安全出口 safety exit挡烟垂壁 hang wall Ceiling screen商业服务网点 commercial serving cubby/facilities闪点 Flash point爆炸下限 Lower explosion limit重要公共建筑 Important public building明火地点 Open flame site散发火花地点 Sparking site封闭楼梯间 Enclosed staircase防烟楼梯间 Smoke-proof staircase防火分区 Fire compartment防火间距 Fire separation distance防烟分区 Smoke bay充实水柱 Full water spoutAccessible Means of Egress 易通行的疏散通道Accommodation stairway 简易楼梯Alarm (in control room) (控制室内)报警Alarm and protection system 报警保护系统Alarm device 报警装置Alarm display panel 报警显示器Alarm of fire 火灾警报Alarm pressure 报警压力Alarm signal 报警信号Alarm system 报警系统Area of Refuge 避难区域Automatic fire alarm system 火灾自动报警系统automatic fire equipment 自动消防设备Automatic sprinkling fire extinguishing system 自动喷水灭火系统AA auto-alarm 自动报警back stair 后楼梯,辅助楼梯back staircase 后楼梯,辅助楼梯间back up 1、备用的,候补的2、倒转,回退back-up battery 备用电源Burning behavior 燃烧性能call back 1、[消]火灾报警箱 2、[英]公用电话亭 3、[消]召回 Catch pit 集流坑Chimney effect 烟囱效应combustibility 可燃性Dead end 袋形走道(死胡同)dead out [消]熄灭Deluge system 雨淋灭火系统Dry sprinkler system 干式喷水灭火系统effective date 有效期Electroluminescence 席间走道Elevator Evacuation system 电梯疏散系统Elevator Lobby Door 电梯前室门Emergency lighting 事故照明Enclosed staircase 封闭楼梯间escalators 自动扶梯Evacuation 疏散Evacuation Exit 疏散出口Evacuation Guiding Strip 疏散导流标志Evacuation Indicatory Sign 疏散指示标志Evacuation route 疏散路线External stairway 室外楼梯fireproof roofing 防火屋面Fire alarm device 火灾警报装置Fire alarm installations 火灾报警装置Fire bund 防火堤Fire separation 防火分隔Fire damper 防火阀Fire detector 火灾探测器Fire door 防火门Fire Evacuation Lamp 火灾疏散照明灯Fire extinguisher 灭火器fire fighting access 消防通道Fire hose 消防水带Fire hydrant 消火栓Fire ladder 消防梯Fire lift 消防电梯fire pool 消防水池Fire priming pump 引水消防泵Fire protection control room 消防控制室Fire pumps 消防泵Fire resisting beam 耐火粱Fire resisting column 耐火柱Fire resisting damper 防火阀fire resisting door 防火门Fire resisting duct 耐火管道Fire resisting floor 耐火楼板Fire resisting partition 耐火隔墙Fire resisting roof 耐火屋顶Fire resisting shaft 耐火竖井Fire resisting Shutter 防火卷帘Fire resisting suspended ceiling 耐火吊顶Fire resisting window 防火窗Fire retardant coating 防火涂料Fire risk 火灾危险性Fire Safety Evacuation Sign 消防安全疏散标志Fire stability 耐火稳定性Fire vehicles 消防车Fire wall 防火墙Fire water branch 消防水枪Fire water monitor 消防水炮fire water pump 消防泵fire water supply 消防水源fire water tank 消防水箱Fire-proof door 防火层门Fire-proof plate 防火板Flush fire hydrant 地下消火栓FABL fire alarm bell 火警铃FABX fire alarm box 火警箱gallery 1、长廊,走廊 2、阳台gallery over the main hall 走马廊half-space landing 楼梯平台Heat fire detector 感温火灾探测器hose reel 消防卷盘HAD heat-actuated device [消]感温式火灾探测装置,感温式火灾探测器Indoor fire hydrant 室内消火栓Ionization smoke alarm 离子感烟报警器jack lamp 安全灯mall sprinkler [消]手动洒水喷头Means of evacuation 疏散设施Mechanical smoke control 机械控烟Natural smoke control 自然控烟natural smoke extraction [消]自然排烟Outdoor fire hydrant 室外消火栓partial evacuation [消]局部疏散Post fire hydrant 地上消火栓Pre-action system 预作用灭火系统Protected stairway 疏散楼梯Public-fire alarm address system 火警广播系统Roof resisting to external fire exposure 防火屋面Roof screen 闷顶隔板Roof smoke screen 屋顶挡烟隔板Roof vent 屋顶通风Safe distance 安全距离safe egress [消]安全出口safe escape [消] 安全疏散,安全撤离safe evacuation [消]安全疏散。
夏天房屋着火英语试题
夏天房屋着火英语试题1“reset;jog;run up”,正确的翻译为() [单选题] *A)复位;运行;点动B)复位;慢跑;运行C)点动;复位;运行D)复位;点动;运行(正确答案)2.“开关;钢卷;电压”,正确的翻译为() [单选题] *A)voltage;coil;switchB)switch;coil;voltage(正确答案)C)coil;switch;voltage;D) coil;voltage;switch3.“停;快停;急停”,正确的翻译为() [单选题] *A)stop;fast stop;emergency stop(正确答案)B)on;fast on;emergency on;C)off;fast off stop;emergency offD)fast stop;emergency stop;stop4.CAL;WSD;TR,正确的翻译为() [单选题] *A)张力卷曲机;连退机组;技术报告B)连退机组;焊缝检测仪;张力卷曲机;(正确答案)C)张力卷曲机;连退机组;焊缝检测仪D)连退机组;张力卷曲机;焊缝检测仪5.合同号;卷号;牌号,正确的翻译为() [单选题] *A)coil No.;brand;contract No.B)contract No.;coil No.;brand;(正确答案)C)brand;contract No.;coil No.D)contact No.;coil No.;brand;6.绑带;金属护圈;锁带扣,正确的翻译为() [单选题] *A)brand;metal protective ring;buckleB)band;metal protective ring;buckle(正确答案)C)band;buckle; metal protective ringD) metal protective ring;buckle;band7.“防水包装纸;防锈纸;产品标签”,正确的翻译为() [单选题] *A)waterproof wrapping paper;product label;rust-proof paperB)Moisture proof packaging;rust-proof paper: product labelC) waterproof wrapping paper; rust-proof paper ;product label(正确答案)D)Shock proof packaging;product label;rust-proof paper8.“毛重;净重;公重”,正确的翻译为() [单选题] *A)gross weight;clean weight;dry weightB)total weight;clean weight;dry weightC)gross weight;net weight;conditioned weight(正确答案)D)total weight;net weight;conditioned weight9.“crack;pockmark;scrap”,正确的翻译为() [单选题] *A)废料;裂纹;麻点;B)废料;亮印;裂纹C)废料;麻点;裂纹D)裂纹;麻点;废料(正确答案)10.“blast furnace”,正确的翻译为() [单选题] *A)高炉(正确答案)B)铸铁C)炼铁D)炼钢11. Robots are known to save costs, to improve quality and work conditions, and to minimize waste of resources. In the sentence above, the word “minimize” is closest in meaning to (). [单选题] *A)collectB) reduce(正确答案)C) developD) throw12. Furthermore, robot-based production increases product quality, improves work and leads to an optimized use of resources. In the sentence above, the words “an optimized” is closest in meaning to (). [单选题] *A)the worst way ofB)a legal way ofC)the best way of(正确答案)D) a common way13. Robotic technologies, such as navigation, motion control, sensing and cognition, will enable a broad range of innovations in today's products resulting, for example, in more flexible, environmentally friendly transport systems and intelligent household appliances. In the sentence above, the word “flexible” is closest in meaning to (). [单选题] *A)elastic(正确答案)B)breakableC) hardD)solid14.In addition, the technologies applicable to space robotics will enable a wide range of Earth-based exploration and material processing activities from automated undersea inspection to mining and mineral extraction under hazardous conditions. In the sentence above, the word “hazardous” is closest in meaning to (). [单选题] *A)easyB)difficultC) idealD) dangerous(正确答案)15. On the other hand, job profiles will improve as robots take over dangerous, dull and dirty jobs not only in the manufacturing industries. In the sentence above, the words “take over” is closest in meaning to (). [单选题] *A) take backB)take awayC) undertake(正确答案)D) take off16. Infrared sensors work in conjunction with a lens on the top of the machine that housesa 360° panoramic camera. In the sentence above, the word “houses” is closest in meaning to (). [单选题] *A)hidesB)liftsC) takesD)contains(正确答案)17. It's also worth mentioning that some 360 Eye press materials suggest that the vacuum can identify what kind of surface it's on, and will prioritize cleaning"easier"surfaces first. In the sentence above, the word “prioritize” is closest in meaning to (). [单选题] *A)put sth in natural waysB)treat sth as being more important than other things(正确答案)C) take sth away quicklyD) place sth in a reversed order18.Higher CO2 lets plants greenhouses cut water losses because they can take in enough of the gas without opening their stomata as widely. In the sentence above, the word “stomata” is closest in meaning to (). [单选题] *A)belliesB)pores(正确答案)C)windowsD)doors19. Currently, induction-loop systems and hearing aids can be used to improve the volume of ambient sounds, but cannot target and amplify specific sounds effectively. In the sentence above, the word “ambient” is closest in meaning to (). [单选题] *A)noisyB)lowerC) surrounding(正确答案)D)inner20. They now have a health system strengthening fund that is starting to invest considerable amount of money. In the sentence above, the word “considerable” is closest in meaning to (). [单选题] *A) large(正确答案)B)considerateC)smallD) thinkable21. Many of its glaciers are steadfastly retreating due to rising temperatures and declining precipitation. In the sentence above, the word “precipitation” is closest in meaning to (). [单选题] *A)predictionB) presentationC)rainfall(正确答案)D)flood22. We believe the reduction should be easily offset by the unexpected increase in investment growth, he said. In the sentence above, the word “offset” is closest in meaning to (). [单选题] *A)made up for(正确答案)B)made fromC)made out ofD) made up of23. Your spouse is the one person that you should be able to trust over all others, so when they hurt you badly, and then do so again, it's more devastating than nearly any other pain. In the sentence above, the word “devastating” is closest in meaning to (). [单选题] *A)complicatedB) incredibleC)enjoyableD) destructive(正确答案)24. He lost much of his right arm and suffered multiple injuries, including severe brain injury. In the sentence above, the word “multiple” is closest in meaning to (). [单选题] *A)many(正确答案)B)fewC) hardD) light25. However, this position can mean you are forcing your body into a position that can exacerbate existing aches and strains in the joints and muscles.In the sentence above, the word “exacerbate” is closest in meaning to (). [单选题] *A)relieveB)worsen(正确答案)C)removeD)cure二、判断题:每题2.5分,计37.5分26.He planned to leave home at dusk though there was thunder and lightning outdoors. [判断题] *对(正确答案)错27.He couldn’t get along well with English and disliked joining in English classes because he thought his teacher ignored him on purpose. [判断题] *对(正确答案)错28.His partner was concerned with him very much. [判断题] *对错(正确答案)29.In order to calm him down and settle his problem, she talked with him face toface and swapped a series of learning tips with him. [判断题] *对(正确答案)错30.The English spoken in these countries is based upon British English. [判断题] *对(正确答案)错31. The vase used to belong to a former castle. [判断题] *对(正确答案)错32.But when the country was at war, the enemy troops exploded the castle. [判断题] *对(正确答案)错33.Swifter, Higher and Stronger stands for the spirit of the Olympics. [判断题] *对(正确答案)错34.The volunteers in charge will be very strict. [判断题] *对(正确答案)错35.But under the help of new technology, electronic chips replaced tubes anda revolution of artificial intelligence has arisen. [判断题] *对错(正确答案)36.But wildlife today disappears or is in danger just because humans do harm to it. [判断题] *对(正确答案)错37.Not until we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace, can we smile at relief. [判断题] *对错(正确答案)38.I was very sensitive to music. [判断题] *对(正确答案)错39.To be honest, I always dreamt of becoming a famous folk actor. [判断题] *对(正确答案)错40.Then we wore false beards to pretend to be the musicians whom people were familiar to. [判断题] *对错(正确答案)。
消防英语专业词汇(C2)
消防英语专业词汇(C2)cm = centimeter 厘米cm = cumulonimbus mammatus 乳房状积雨云cma = chemical manufactures' association 化学品制造者协会cmc = carboxymethylcellulose 羧甲基纤维素cmd = coal mine department 煤矿管理局cn = cellulose nitrate 硝酸纤维素cn plastic = cellulose nitrate plastic 硝酸纤维素塑料cng system = compressed natural gas system 压缩天然气系统cns = children's nightwear standard 《儿童睡衣标准》co = carbon monoxide 一氧化碳co exposure 一氧化碳暴露co poisoning 一氧化碳中毒co-polymer 共聚体co2 battery 二氧化碳钢瓶组co2 cartridge 二氧化碳贮气瓶co2 extinguishing system 二氧化碳灭火系统co2 horn 二氧化碳报警器co2 real station 固定二氧化碳卷盘装置co2 release station 二氧化碳施放装置co2= carbon dioxide 二氧化碳coal adustion 煤的可燃性coal bunker 煤仓coal burner 煤炭燃烧器coal burning stove 煤炉coal burst 煤突出coal chemical 煤化学制品coal classification 煤的分类coal combustible 煤的可燃成分coal dust cementing agent 煤尘粘合剂coal field gas 煤田气coal fired boiler 燃煤锅炉coal firing 燃煤的coal gas producer 煤气发生炉coal gas 煤气coal gassification 煤的气化coal mine atmosphere 煤矿空气coal mining 采煤coal oil 煤油coal preparation plant 煤准备厂coal tar distillation 煤焦油精馏coal tar oil 煤焦油coal tar phenols 煤焦油苯酚coal tar pitch 沥青coal tar 煤焦油coal 煤coal-dust explosibility 煤尘易爆性coal-dust explosion 煤尘爆炸coal-dust 煤尘coal-mine explosion 煤矿爆炸coal-mine fire 煤矿火灾coal-mine powder 煤矿用炸药coal-mining explosive 煤矿炸药coal-refuse fire 炉渣发火coalesce 聚结coalex-type dynamite 寇列克斯炸药coaming 舱口拦板coanda effect 附壁效应coarse adjustment 粗调coarse control 粗调控制coarse fuel 重质可燃物<指原木coarse tuning 粗调coated fabric 涂浸织物coated refractory 有涂层的耐火材料coated sprinkler 有涂层的洒水喷头coater 涂料器coating additive 涂料添加剂coating process 涂布工艺coating 涂层coaxial cable 同轴电缆cobol cobol语言cock ball 球阀cock 旋塞cockloft 阁楼cockpit fire 座舱着火cockpit 驾驶舱code administration 法规管理code criteria 规范标准code enforcement program 法规实施规划code enforcement 法规实施code of ethics 道德规范code of federal regulation 联邦法规汇编code of monitored location 部位号code requirement 规范要求code 电码coded alarm system 编码报警系统coded radio type alarm box 编码无线电式报警箱coded signal 编码信号coded system 编码系统coded telegraphic type alarm box 编码电极式报警箱coded voice combination 编码话音组合系统coded wired municipal fire alarm box 有线编码市政火灾报警盒coded 编码的coefficient of discharge 流量系数coefficient of elasticity 弹性系数coefficient of expansion 膨胀系数coefficient of flow 流量系数coefficient of linear expansion 线性膨胀系数coefficient of performance 性能系数coefficient of thermal expansion 热膨胀系数coffee break 工间休息coffee pot chuck 咖啡壶消火栓coffin 容器cog-wheel 嵌齿轮cohesion 附着力cohesionless soil 松散的土壤cohesive quality 粘聚性cohesive soil 粘性土壤coil hose 卷叠水带coinsurance 共同保险coir rope 棕缆coir 椰纤维coke breeze 焦炭屑coke car 消火车coke oven chemical 焦炉化学产品coke oven gas 焦炉气coke water gas 炼焦水煤气coke 焦炭coking coal 炼焦煤cold cathode tube 冷阴极管cold smoke zone 冷烟区cold smoke 冷烟cold storage warehouse 冷藏库cold trailing 冷搜索<用手摸索残余的隐火cold trap 冷却抽集器cold weather valve 冷天用阀colebrook-white equation 克尔布鲁克-怀特方程式collapse unit 救援车collapse 倒塌collapsed hose 崩坏的水带collapsible ladder = folding ladder 折叠梯collar bush 主轴套collateral circulation 侧枝循环collateral point 第二方位基点collecting breeching 集水器collecting equipment 集尘设备collecting head 集水头collecting system 收集系统collection bag 集尘袋collection bottle 收集瓶collective protection 集体保护collector pumping 集流供水collector 集水器colliery explosion 煤矿爆炸collimated beam 平行光束collimator 平行光管collision bulkhead 防撞舱壁collision diagram 碰撞图表collision theory 碰撞理论colloid chemistry 胶体化学colloidal fuel 胶质燃料colonel 上校color code 色标color coding 颜色标记color point 变色时刻color scale of temperature 温度色标color temperature 色度温度color-coding system 色标编码系统colorimetry 比色法column 柱coma 昏迷combat fire 灭火combat 战斗combination apparatus 联用消防车combination burglar alarm and fire alarm 防火防盗复合报警器combination cable 组合电缆combination detector 复合探测器<将多种探测原理应用在同一探测器中combination fire alarm and guard's tour box 火灾报警和警卫人员巡回组合箱combination fire department 混合消防局combination fire smoke damper 复合式防火防烟阀combination ladder 组合梯<可作单梯combination meter 组合表combination nozzle 多用水枪combination of optical and ionization detector 光电离子复合探测器combination of pump 泵组combination spray nozzle 喷雾直流水枪combination system 综合系统combination type fire detector 复合式火灾探测器combination 多功能combined agent extinguishment system 联用灭火系统combined agent system 联用灭火系统combined agent unit 泡沫干粉联用装置combined diaphragm chamber-type rate-of-rise and fixed temperature detector 膜盒差定温组合式探测器combined distribution system 组合分配系统<用一套灭火剂贮存装置combined dry chemical foam extinguishing system 干粉泡沫联用灭火系统combined dry pipe and preaction sprinkler system 干管预作用喷水灭火系统combined dry pipe-preaction system 干管-预作用系统combined extract rate 总排烟率combined foam and powder extinguishing system 泡沫干粉联用系统combined medium extinguishing system 联用灭火系统combined operation 联动操作combined platform ladder aerial vehicle 登高平台云梯车combined rate-of-rise and fixed pressure detector 差定压组合式爆炸探测器combined receipt of fire alarms 混合接警combined sewer 合流下水道combined smoke and powder extinguishing system 烟雾干粉联用灭火系统combined socket and switch 开关插座combined standpipe system 复合竖管系统combined starter 综合启动器combined system 复合系统combined type detector 复合式探测器combined ultra-violet and infra-red point-type flame detector 紫外线红外线复合式点型火焰探测器combined water distribution system 共用配水系统combined-agent vehicle 联用消防车combining number 化合价数combining weight 化合量combl= combustible 可燃的comburant 燃料comburent = comburant 燃料combust 燃烧combust-air explosive 燃料-空气炸药combustibility classification 燃烧性分级combustibility of coal 煤的燃烧性combustibility test 燃烧性试验combustibility 可燃性<在规定的试验条件下combustible analyzer 可燃气体测试仪combustible ceiling construction 可燃吊顶结构combustible chemical 可燃化学品combustible component 可燃组分combustible concentration 可燃物的浓度combustible constituent 可燃组分combustible construction 可燃结构combustible content 建筑物的可燃物combustible dust 可燃粉尘combustible fibre 可燃纤维combustible frame 可燃框架combustible fuel 燃料combustible fume detection system 可燃气探测系统combustible gas alarm 可燃气警报器combustible gas analyzer 可燃气体测定器combustible gas detector 可燃气体探测器combustible gas indicator 可燃气体指标仪combustible gas instrument 可燃气体仪器combustible gas mixture 可燃混合气combustible gas 可燃气体combustible liquid fire 可燃液体火灾combustible liquid piping 可燃液体管道combustible material 可燃物combustible matter capacity 可燃物容积combustible matter 可燃物质combustible medium 可燃介质combustible metal dust 可燃金属粉屑combustible metal extinguishing agent 可燃金属灭火剂combustible metal fire 可燃金属火灾combustible metal 可燃金属combustible mineral 可燃矿物combustible mixture 可燃混合物combustible powder 可燃粉末combustible refuse 可燃垃圾combustible rubbish 可燃废物combustible shaft 可燃竖井combustible solid 可燃固体combustible substance 可燃物质combustible vapor 可燃蒸气combustible waste 可燃废物combustible wick 导火线combustible with difficulty 难燃的combustible zone 燃烧层combustible 可燃的combustibleness 可燃性combustion action 燃烧过程combustion aerodynamics 燃烧气体动力学combustion air inlet 燃烧进气口combustion air 燃烧空气combustion analysis 燃烧分析combustion and flame 《燃烧与火焰》combustion area 燃烧区combustion behavior 燃烧特性combustion bomb 燃烧弹combustion calculation 燃烧计算combustion calorimetry 燃烧量热学combustion catalyst 燃烧催化剂combustion chain reaction 燃烧链反应combustion characteristic 燃烧特性combustion completeness 燃烧完全程度combustion condition 燃烧条件combustion curve 燃烧曲线combustion diagram 燃烧曲线图combustion engine 内燃机combustion explosion 燃烧爆炸combustion flue 炉道、烟道combustion fog 烟雾combustion front 燃烧锋面combustion furnace 燃烧炉combustion gas product 燃烧气体产物combustion gas 燃烧废气combustion heat 燃烧热combustion improver 助燃剂combustion in moving air 在流动的空气中燃烧combustion in parallel layer 平行层燃烧combustion in-situ 就地燃烧combustion index 燃烧指数combustion indicator 燃烧指示器combustion initiation 点火combustion intensity 燃烧强度combustion investigation 燃烧调查combustion limit 燃烧极限combustion line 燃烧曲线combustion load 燃烧负荷combustion mechanism 燃烧机理combustion parameter 燃烧参数combustion performance 燃烧性能combustion period 燃烧时间combustion phase 燃烧阶段combustion physics 燃烧物理学combustion pollution 燃烧污染combustion pressure 燃烧压力combustion principle 燃烧原理combustion process 燃烧过程combustion product gas 燃烧废气combustion product 燃烧产物combustion products type smoke detector 燃烧生成物型感烟探测器combustion rate 燃烧速率combustion reaction 燃烧反应combustion regime 燃烧状态combustion region 燃烧区combustion research 燃烧研究combustion residue 燃烧残余物combustion safeguard 燃烧安全设备combustion study 燃烧研究combustion suppression 抑制燃烧combustion surface 燃烧表面combustion temperature 燃烧温度combustion termination 燃烧终止combustion test 燃烧试验combustion theory 燃烧理论combustion toxicology 燃烧毒物学combustion triangle 燃烧三角形<即同时存在combustion value 燃烧值combustion velocity 燃烧速度combustion volume 燃烧体积combustion wave 燃烧波combustion zone 燃烧带combustion 燃烧<可燃物与氧化剂作用发生的放热反应combustion-flame propagation 燃烧火焰的扩散combustion-gas flow 燃气流combustion-gas pressure 燃烧气体压力combustion-supporting air 助燃空气combustion-supporting gas 助燃气体combustion-tube lamp 燃烧管型安全灯combustion-wave dynamics 燃烧波动力学combustive activation 燃烧活化comfort zone 适温范围command aide 火场指挥部参谋command and control 指挥command car 指挥消防车command channel 指挥专用频道command control board 指挥控制板command level 指挥层次command post 火场指挥部command staff 司令部<包括情报官员command structure 指挥结构command transfer 指挥移交command vehicle 指挥消防车command 指令commandant 司令官commemorative architecture 纪念性建筑commercial complex 商业中心commercial credit 商业信贷commercial explosive 工业炸药commercial forest land 商业林地commercial garage 民用汽车库commercial heat utilization equipment 商业热利用设备commercial strip 商业街commercial telephone facility 民用电话设施commercial vessel 商船comminuted fracture 粉碎性骨折commissioner 消防局长commodity classification 商品分类commodity 物品common control equipment 公用控制设备common control line 公用控制线common fuse 导火线common hazard 一般火险common interface language 公用接口语言common interface 公用接口common label 普通标签common law 习惯法common line 公用线common memory 公用存贮器common mode voltage 共态电压common mode 共式common network 公用网络common path of travel 普通走道common shaft 共同梯井common software 通用软件common storage area 公用存贮区common storage 公用存贮器common-base amplifier 共基极放大器common-base connection 共基连接common-base transistor 共基极晶体管common-base 共基极communicated fire 二次火灾communicating space 连通空间communicating word processor 通信文字处理设备communication adapter 通信转接器communication area 通信区communication bus 通信总线communication cable 电信电缆communication center 通信调度中心communication channel 信道communication circuit 通信电路communication computer 通信计算机communication control center 通信控制中心communication control 通信控制communication controller 通信控制器communication engineering 通信工程communication equipment 通信设备communication failure 通信故障communication file 通信文件communication in fire scene 火场通信communication interface circuit 通信接口电路communication interrupt 通信中断communication line 通信线路communication management 通信管理communication mode 通信方式communication monitor 通信监视器communication network 通讯网communication officer 通信官员communication outage restoration system 通信中断恢复系统communication outage 通信中断communication pore 连通孔communication process 通信过程communication processing system 通信处理系统communication region 通信区communication resource 通信资源communication satellite 通信卫星communication service 通信服务communication skill 通信技能communication software 通信软件communication station 通信电台communication system 通信系统communication task 通信任务communication technology 通信技术communication terminal 通信终端communication zone 通信范围communication 通信communications center 通信中心communications computer 通信计算机communications control console 通信控制台communications control language 通信控制语言communications control program 通信控制程序communications control system 通信控制系统communications equipment 通信设备communications officer 通信官员communications system 通信系统community building 社区建筑物community education 社区教育community management 社区管理community street 社区街道community-based safety education 以社区为基础的安全教育commutativity 可换性commutator pulse 定时脉冲commutator 发信机commuting operator 可换算符compact system 密集射流compact technique 压实技术compacted pile 压实堆垛compacted trash 压实堆垛compaction 振实compactness = fuel compactness 紧密度compactness of fuel 可燃物紧密度compactor room 压实机房compactor 压实机compander 压缩扩张器companding 展缩company district 消防中队责任区company journal 中队日记company officer 基层消防官员company 中队<消防部门的基层单位comparer 比较装置compartment floor 分隔楼板compartment light 仓灯compartment pressurization 防火分区加压compartment wall 分隔墙compartment 分隔间compartmentalization 分隔成区compartmentation 防火分隔<用耐火建筑物构件将建筑物加以分隔compatibility 相容性<两种或两种以上不同类别的灭火剂联用时compatible device 兼容设备compatible equipment 兼容设备compatible hardware 兼容硬件compatible machine 兼容机器compbrn 美国加利福尼亚大学编制的一套计算室内火灾问题的计算机程序compensable injury 应给予赔偿费的工伤compensate 补偿compensating eyepiece 补偿目镜compensation tank 补偿水箱compensation 赔偿compensator 补偿器compensatory time off 补休competence 权限competent person 能胜任安全工作的人competent 有法定资格的competitive tendering 招标complement 消防车的定员complete combustion 完全燃烧complete coverage 全面覆盖complete cycle 整周complete discharge 完全喷射<灭火器阀门保持全开状态下complete evacuation 全面疏散complete explosion 完全爆发complete extinction 完全熄火complete ignition 完全着火complete smoke detection system 完全感烟探测系统complete sprinkler system 全面安装的喷水灭火系统completely automatic operating system 全自动操作系统complex building 综合建筑complex vibration 复合振动compo-board 树脂胶合板component 部件composite board 复合板composite construction 复合结构composite door 复合门composite explosive 混合组成炸药composite fire door 复合防火门composite powder 合成粉composite propellant 复合推进剂composite sheet 复合板composite 合成材料composition board 组合板composition 混合物compound gage 真空压力计compound lamp 复合式安全灯compound mechanical pump 复式机械泵compound 化合物comprehensive insurance 综合保险compressed air breathing apparatus 压缩空气呼吸器compressed air foam system 压缩空气泡沫系统compressed air line breathing apparatus 压缩空气管道呼吸装置compressed air powered equipment 压缩空气动力设备compressed air tool 压缩空气工具compressed air 压缩空气compressed air-fuel oil burner 压缩空气-燃油喷燃器compressed gas cylinder 压缩气体钢瓶compressed gas extinguisher 压缩气体灭火器compressed gas 压缩气体compressed natural gas engine fuel system 压缩天然气发动机燃料系统compressed natural gas system 压缩天然气系统compressed natural gas 压缩天然气compressibility 压缩性compression failure 压缩断裂compression pump 压气泵compression ratio 压缩比compression test 压缩试验compressive strength 抗压强度compressive stress 压缩应力compressor capacity 压缩机容量compressor station 压缩泵站compressor 空压机computation fluid dynamics 计算流体动力学computer aided design 计算机辅助设计computer aided dispatch system 计算机辅助调度系统computer aided dispatch 计算机辅助调度computer based training 计算机辅助训练computer cartography 计算机绘图学computer cataloging system 计算机编目系统computer center 计算机中心computer close-loop control 计算机闭环控制computer communication network 计算机通信网络computer communication standard 计算机通信标准computer communication system 计算机通信系统computer communication technology 计算机通信技术computer communication 计算机通信computer control system 计算机控制系统computer design automation 计算机设计自动化computer design 计算机设计computer diagnosis 计算机诊断computer display 计算机显示器computer equipment 计算机设备computer fire figure displaying system 火灾计算机图形显示系统computer fire model 计算机火灾模型computer hardware technology 计算机硬件技术computer hardware 计算机硬件computer integrated fire protection design 计算机集成的防火设计computer interface 计算机接口computer main 计算机主机computer mode 计算机工作方式computer model 计算机模型computer modeling technique 计算机模拟技术computer modeling 计算机模拟computer network 计算机网络computer networking 计算机联网computer open-loop control 计算机开环控制computer operation 计算机操作computer operator 计算机操作人员computer order 计算机指令computer performance 计算机性能computer picture 计算机图象computer plotting system 计算机绘图系统computer professional 计算机专业人员computer program analysis 计算机程序分析computer programmer 计算机编程员;计算机程序设计器computer programming 计算机编程computer room 计算机房computer science 计算机科学computer security 计算机安全性computer simulation 计算机模拟computer supply 计算机电源computer system 计算机系统computer technology 计算机技术computer terminal 计算机终端computer user 计算机用户computer 计算机computer-aided building fire safety design 计算机辅助"建筑消防安全"设计computer-aided management of emergency operations 计算机辅助应急活动管理computer-aided management 计算机辅助管理computer-based fire alarm system 利用计算机的火灾报警系统computer-based hazard assessment 计算机火灾评估computer-controlled proprietary fire alarm system 计算机控制专用火灾报警系统concatenate 使连续起来concave 中凹的concealed fire 隐藏的火concealed installation 隐藏式安装concealed space 隐藏空间concealed sprinkler 隐藏型洒水喷头concealed wiring 暗线concentrate foam liquid 泡沫液concentrate 泡沫液concentrated combustion 集中燃烧concentrated tank 泡沫液罐concentration ratio 浓度比concentration ratio 浓度比<泡沫液的体积与泡沫溶液的体积之比concentration 浓缩concentric 同心的conceptual model 概念模型concrete aggregate 混凝土骨料concrete cellular 泡沫混凝土concrete floor slab 混凝土楼板concrete masonary unit 混凝土砌块concrete structure 混凝土结构concrete 混凝土concurrent 共同作用的concussion 震荡condemnation notice 宣告不适用通知condensate 冷凝物condensation number 冷凝量condensation rate 雾化率condensation 冷凝condenser microphone 电容式传声器condenser 凝汽器condensing steam 冷凝蒸汽condition of vegetation 草木状况conditional probability 条件概率conditioner 调节器conditioning atmosphere 调节气氛conditioning signal 调整信号condominium 共管大楼condual tire 双断面轮胎conductance 电导率conduction of heat 热传导conduction pump 电磁泵conduction 导热conductive 导热的conductivity factor c 导热系数cconductivity factor 导热系数conductivity 电导率conductor ampacity 导体载流能力conductor 避雷针conduit pit 探井conduit shaft 管道井conduit system 暗线装置系统conduit 水道cone calorimetry 锥形量热计cone roof tank 锥顶罐cone roof 锥形顶conference 全国电子学会议③ nippon electro-techniccommission 日本电工委员会confidence interval 置信节confidence limit 置信界限configuration 配置confine a fire 控制火灾confined area 封闭区confined bed 封闭层confined fire 有限空间火灾confined flame 局限火焰confined space 有限空间confined 有限的confined-space entry and rescue 封闭空间的进入和援救confinement of fire 火灾的堵截包围confinement 堵截包围confirmation 批准conflagrant fire 大火灾conflagrant 速燃的conflagration area 火灾区域conflagration threat = conflagration potential 大火灾的威胁conflagration zone 大火灾地带conflagration 火灾confluence 汇流conformance 一致性conformity certification 合格认证confusion 干扰conical converging 锥形收缩管conical strainer 圆锥形过滤器conjugate solutions 配合溶液conjunction 连接connect a hose 连接水带connect 连接connectedness of fuel 可燃物的连接程度connection in parallel 并联connection in series 串联connection 连接connector assembly 接插件connector plug 插头connector 接续器consensus 一致consequential loss 间接损失conservation equation 守恒方程conservation law 生物保护法conservation movement 自然保护运动conservation of energy 能量守恒conservation of forest 森林保护conservation pool 蓄水池conservation 自然保护consistency 坚实度consistent error 常差console 控制台consolidation 调整<把消防部门的职责划归其他机构constant danger 常在危险constant error 常差constant flow nozzle 恒定流量水枪<在一定的喷射压力下constant process 接触法constant temperature 恒温constant voltage 恒定电压constant 康钢<镍40%constant-pressure flame 恒压火焰constant-voltage regulator 稳压器constantly attended location 经常有人值班的场所constraint 强制construction element 结构构件construction gap 施工缝construction shed 施工棚construction standard 结构标准construction structure 在建建筑物construction 结构建筑物constructional material 建筑材料consultation 咨询contact testing 接触试验contain a fire 遏制火灾contained fire 封闭的火灾container packer 容器包装机container train 集装箱列车container 容器containerized flammable liquid 罐装易燃液体containment concept 封拦概念containment 控制火势contaminant concentration 污染物浓度contaminant in fuel oil 燃料油中的污染物contaminant 杂质contaminated air 污染空气contamination meter 污染测量计contamination 杂质content 屋内物品continental climate 大陆气候contingency plan 应变计划contingency 意外事故continuity of fuel 可燃物的连续性continuous air-sampling smoke detector 连续空气采样感烟探测器continuous enclosure 持久性封闭室<建筑上或机械上的一部分continuous flow system 恒量供氧式呼吸器continuous gas detection system 连续式气体探测系统continuous pressure system 恒压式呼吸器continuous process furnace 连续处理加热炉continuous reactor 连续式反应器continuous-gas-monitoring system 连续的气体监控装置continuous-growth fire 不断成长的火灾continuous-growth-fire 不断扩展型火灾contrast 对照contravention of forest-policy 违反森林政策contributory negligence 受伤一方自己的粗心control a fire 控制火灾control and indicating equipment 控制和显示设备control booth 控制台control bus 控制总线control button 控制按钮control cabinet 控制柜control center 通信指挥中心control circuit 控制回路control damper 控制阀control desk 操纵台control device 控制装置control fire 迎面火<在林野火灾前进的道路上放的火control for automatic fire protection equipment 自动消防设备控制装置control force 灭火力量control knob 控制按钮control line 防火线control mechanism 控制机构control method 检察法control of a fire 火势控制control of electrical hazard 电气危险的控制control of silviculture 营林监督control of smoking 吸烟控制control of static 静电的控制control panel 控制板control point 火场指挥部control room 控制室control sample 对照试样control set 控制支架control signal 操纵信号control switch 控制开关control system element 控制系统组成部分control system 操纵系统control time 控制时间control unit 通信指挥消防车control value 控制阀control volume 控制体control 消防controlled breeching 带控制阀的集水器controlled burning 烧除controlled burning 受控火烧controlled combustion 受控燃烧controlled experiment 对照实验controlled traction differential 牵引力控制controlling nozzle 可控水枪controls 控制装置convection activity 对流活动convection column 对流气柱convection currents 对流气流convection heat 对流热convection of heat 热的对流convection 对流convective heat flow 对流热流convective heat transfer coefficient 对流传热系数convective heat transfer 对流热传递convective-life fire phase 对流带走火灾阶段conventional detector 普通探测器conventional sprinkler 普通型洒水喷头convergence 会聚converter 变流器;转换器convey 输送conveyance 运输工具conveyer system 输送系统conveying system 输送系统conveyor channel 输送机管道conveyor 输送机conviction 证明有罪cook-off 爆燃cooking equipment 烹饪设备cooking fire 烹饪火灾cooking range hood 炉灶排烟罩cool down 冷却cool explosive 低爆热炸药cool flame 冷焰cool smoke zone 冷烟区coolant exhaust spark arrester of vehicle 液冷型机动车排气火花熄灭器coolant 冷却剂cooler 冷却器cooling action 冷却作用cooling agent 冷却剂cooling air 冷却气cooling equipment 冷却设备cooling spray 冷却喷雾cooling system 冷却系统cooling 冷却cooper hose jacket 库泊水带包布cooperating agency 协调机构cooperator 森林消防战斗员coordinate 坐标coordination 协调coping stone 盖顶石copolymer 共聚物copolymerization 共聚作用corbel 梁托cord 软线cordage 绳索cordite 无烟火药core structure 筒式结构core 中心带<高层建筑中楼梯cork 软木corned powder 粒状炸药corner effect 角隅作用corner test 墙角试验cornering force 侧向反作用力cornering 转弯cornice 上楣柱coronal discharge 电晕放电corporation of insurance agents 保险代理商协会corral a fire 包围火灾correction 校正correctional facility 教养所correlation coefficient 相关系数correlation 关系corridor protection 走廊保护corridor 走廊corrosion action 腐蚀作用corrosion inhibitor 防蚀剂corrosion preventive 腐蚀预防剂corrosion protection 防腐蚀corrosion rate 腐蚀率<泡沫液对金属材料的腐蚀性corrosion resistant coating 防腐蚀涂层corrosion 腐蚀corrosion-proof 耐蚀的corrosion-resistant sprinkler 防腐蚀洒水喷头corrosive chemical 腐蚀性化学品corrosive gas 腐蚀性气体corrosive material 腐蚀性物质corrosive sublimate 升汞corrosivity 腐蚀性cosmic ray 宇宙线cost accounting 成本核算cost effective analysis 成本效果分析cost estimating 成本估算cost model 成本模型cost of fire 火灾的代价cost 成本costperformance 价格性能比cottage box 小屋型火警箱cottidor 美国建筑与火灾研究所编制的一套计算走廊火灾的专家程序cotton powder 硝化棉cotton 棉cottrell precipitator 高压静电集尘器coulomb 库coulte counter 库耳特颗粒计数计council rake 锄耙联合工具count 计数countdown 倒计数counter balanced fire door 平衡式防火门counter fire 逆风火<在主要火灾与迎面火之间引燃的火counter measure 反措施counter 计数器counterpoise 平衡块counterweight 平衡重量couple up hose length 连接水带coupled cooling valves 成对冷却阀coupled mode 耦合模coupled truck 拖拉式载重车coupled water motor-pump proportioner 成对的水动机-泵浦比例混合器coupling gasket 接口coupling spanner 接口coupling 接口court 院子covarience 协变性cover rack 抢救盖布存放架cover role 盖罩顶杆cover type 覆盖物类型cover 代出动coverage area 覆盖范围coverage 保险总额coverall 工作服covered floating roof tank 有固定顶的浮顶covered mall building 商业廊亭covered mall shopping center 有顶的长廊式购物中心covered space 屋顶下的空间covering note 承包单covert 隐藏的coyoting 不规则的小窑开采cpai = canvas products association international 国际帆布制品协会cpr = cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺复苏术cps = cycles per second 周秒cpsc = consumer product safety commission 消费者产品安全委员会cpsc standard for the flammability of clothing textiles 消费品安全委员会衣着纺织品易燃标准cpu = central processing unit 中央处理机cpvc = chlorinated polyvinyl chloride 氯化聚氯乙烯crack a nozzle 微开水枪<放少量水crack a valve 微开阀杆cracking gas oil 裂化瓦斯油cracking gas 裂化气cracking 裂开cradle 摇架cramp 痉挛crane truck 起重汽车crane 吊车crank rewind eel 曲柄重卷机crankshaft 曲轴crash boat 救生艇crash equipment 应急救生设备crash fire 飞机失事火灾crash helmet 安全帽crash investigation procedure 失事飞机事故调查程序crash location beacon 失事定位信标crash locator 机械失事地点报位器crash protection 防坠毁装置crash radio 应急电台crash recorder 事故记录器crash rescue 失事飞机救援crash tender 机场消防车crash truck 失事飞机救援车crash-rescue folk 失事抢救人员crash-rescue truck 失事飞机救援车crate 板条箱crawfish 斗式皮带输送机crawl space 匍匐空间<地下狭小低矮空间crawler crane 履带式起重机crawling board 防滑跳板creep 蠕井creeping fire 稳进地表火<一种火焰低crek = combustion reaction equilibrium and kinetics 燃烧反应平衡动力学cremate 焚毁creosote fire 木馏油火灾creosote oil 杂酚油creosote 木馏〔杂酚cresylic creosote 甲苯基杂酚油crevice corrosion 裂隙腐蚀crew boss 灭火作业班班长crew department 乘员室crew member 灭火作业班成员crew representative 灭火队代表crib fire test 木堆垛火实验crib 叠木框cribbing 垛式支架crime scene 犯罪现场criminal arson 犯罪放火criminal case 刑事案件criminal code 刑法criminal negligence 构成罪行的过失criminology 犯罪学crimped ribbon arrester 波纹阻火器cris = central research institute of structure 中央建筑研究所criterion 标准crith 克瑞critical angle 临界角critical burnout time 关键燃烧时间critical condition 临界条件critical density 临界密度critical energy release rate 临界能量释放率critical factor 临界因素critical function 重要功能critical heat flux 临界热通量critical heat 临界热critical humidity 临界湿度critical mass 临界质量critical path method 统筹方法critical point 临界点critical pressure 临界压力critical radiant flux test 临界辐射通量试验critical radiant flux 临界辐射通量critical rate of application 临界供给强度critical shearing strain of foam 泡沫的临界剪切应力<在泡沫中critical shearing strain 临界剪切应力critical size 临界尺寸critical state 临界状态critical temperature 临界温度critical value 临界值critical velocity 临界速度critical volume 临界体积cross aisle 横通道cross body 预先连接的水带线cross bunker 横煤舱cross linking 交联cross main 交叉总管cross over floor 交叉通行楼层cross paty 十字徽章cross section 横截面cross shot 交叉定位cross stacking 交叉堆积cross tie 横向堆放层cross ventilation 交叉通风cross wind 侧风。
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3 能量释放速率在很大程度上,室内火灾的能量释放速率控制着火灾形成的环境变化,例如火灾羽流、热烟气温度以及热烟气层向的沉降速度等。
本章以后的其他各章会介绍预测火灾环境参数的各种计算方法。
这些方法都要求读者要有能量释放速率方面的相关知识。
本章介绍火灾情形下能量释放速率的常用计算方法。
3.1 术语燃烧速率或质量损失速率—固体或液体燃料蒸发和燃烧的质量速率。
可以表达为单位时间内的质量流率,典型地为kg/s或g/s,本教材以m∙表示。
也可以表示为质量通量或单位面积上的质量燃烧速率,典型地为kg/(㎡s),这种情况下用m∙”表示。
需要注意的是燃烧速率和质量损失速率(燃料的供给速率)之间的区别,因为所供给的燃料不一定全部燃烧。
对于不受空气供给限制的燃烧物体,则两者的含义相同。
燃烧效率—指有效燃烧热与完全燃烧热之间的比值称为燃烧效率,用χ表示。
能量释放速率或热释放速率—当物体燃烧时,在单位时间内会放出一定量的能量,单位为kW(kJ/s),通常用Q表示。
对大多数材料,其能量释放速率随时间变化,通常也称为热释放速率(有时用HRR表示)。
但是能量释放速率更确切一些,因为严格地说,热量是由于存在温差输运的能量。
但在一般情况下,两者具有相同的含义。
燃烧热—单位质量的物质燃烧时所释放出来的能量多少,单位为kJ/kg或kJ/g。
将完全燃烧热(∆H c)和有效燃烧热(∆H eff)很重要。
前者表示完全燃烧时(不剩余燃料,燃料所有的化学能都得以释放)所释放出的能量,而有效燃烧热更适合于描述火灾过程中的燃烧现象,在火灾过程中可能有部分燃料未参与燃烧,或者燃烧不完全。
有时也称为化学燃烧热。
汽化热—表示单位质量的燃料汽化所需的能量,单位为kJ/kg,用gH3.2引言能量释放速率的单位是瓦特,千瓦或兆瓦等。
表3.1中给出了不同燃料燃烧情况下能量释放速率的典型值,以及各种不同能量输出强弱。
对于火灾发展过程,一般采用能量释放速率随时间的变化来表示。
针对特定的火灾情形,一旦得到该参数关系,就将其称为设计火灾。
表3.1表明,对于不同的设计目标,设计火灾的能量输出在100kW~50MW范围。
对于给定的火灾情形,主要有两种方法来确定相应的设计火灾。
其一是基于最初发生火灾的房间内的可燃物质数量和种类,其二是基于人员密度来加以确定(这种情况下,通常是不知道火灾载荷的详细情况而采用)。
在第一种情况下,假定物体被点燃,然后开始燃烧。
在很多情况下,可以通过过去的实验数据(试验中直接测定其能量释放速率)来估算其能量释放速率随时间的变化关系。
许多文献中对此有数据归纳和总结。
但在许多设计情形下,很少有最初发生火灾的房间内的可燃物数量方面的信息。
此时,必须采用人员密度或其他统计数据和工程判断来确定设计火灾。
在3.3中,我们将讨论室内火灾能量释放速率的控制因素。
在3.4中给出如何利用实验数据来预测燃料及其燃烧产物的实际例子。
最后在3.5中,讨论在给定的火灾情形下,如何利用这些信息来确定设计火灾。
表3.1粗糙的能量释放或来自各种来源图3.1燃烧1.2 m×1.2米不同高度木托盘的能量释放率3.3 室内火灾中能量释放速率的控制因素火灾过程中的能量释放速率主要取决于燃料的种类、数量和布置方位,以及房间对火灾的影响。
能量释放速率会随时间变化,图3.1表示不同堆放高度下木垛燃烧时,能量释放速率随时间变化的示意图。
上述测定通常称为自由燃烧实验,表示可燃物燃烧不受火灾发生房间的影响。
3.3.1燃烧速率与能量释放速率燃烧速率是指固体或液体燃料蒸发和燃烧的质量速率,可用单位时间的质量流率来表示,单位为每秒千克或每秒克,也可以用单位面积上的质量通量或质量燃烧速率来表示,单位为每平方米每秒千克,用m ”表示。
对于稳态燃烧质量通量,一般的预测公式如下:式中∆H g 为汽化热,是火q”焰向燃料传递的净热通量,用于释放挥发份,单位为每平方米千瓦。
汽化热表示单位质量燃料汽化所需的能量,单位为千焦每千克。
对液体燃料,则称为蒸发热即液体达到沸点后蒸发所需的能量。
对固体而言,汽化热并非常数,但对液体燃料,则是液体燃料的基本参数。
由于定量测定燃料得到的净热通量很难测定,所以实际很少采用方程(3.1),一般需要利用实验结果来估算燃烧速率。
图3.2房间对质量损失率的影响3.3.2 房间的影响如果可燃物在室内燃烧,有两个因素会影响能量释放速率和燃烧速率。
第一:炽热烟气会聚集到顶棚附近,并加热顶棚和墙面。
这些表面和热烟气对燃料表面进行热辐射,因此增强了燃烧速率。
第二,房间的开口(如门窗、泄露区)可能限制燃烧所需的氧气输送,这会导致部分燃料无法燃烧,从而使能量释放速率降低,且室内的未燃气体浓度升高。
图3.2表某可燃物燃烧时的示意图。
其中一条曲线表示物体在敞开空间(自由燃烧实验)的燃烧速率,另一条曲线表示该物体在室内燃烧时(一面处于敞开状态),房间对燃烧过程的影响,此时炽热表面和热气体对燃料有传热作用,因此其燃烧速率增加(与自由燃烧实验时的燃烧速率相比)。
但如果敞开的空间较小,由于供氧量受限,会造成燃烧不完全,从而降低了能量释放速率,反过来又会使烟气温度更低,对燃料的传热量更少。
燃料会持续地以稍低的速率释放出挥发份其中只有部分气体发生燃烧并释放出能量,而未燃烧的气体则会聚集到顶棚附近。
未燃气体在流出房间与空气混合后,也会释放能量,从而引起开口外部出现火焰。
总之,室内传热增强了燃料的质量损失速率,而室内空气量的减少又会降低燃料的质量损失速率。
3.4 自由燃烧实验得到的能量释放速率确定燃烧速率或能量释放速率唯一实际可行方法是通过实验测定。
这种测定称为自由燃烧实验测定,表示房间的影响可以忽略;炽热烟气从燃料排放出,而对燃料的空气供给没有任何限制和影响。
在工程实际中,可以利用这些实测数据来确定设计火灾。
对于液体燃料,如果知道液池直径,则可以通过实验数据得到相应的能量释放速率计算公式。
下面简要介绍室内燃烧室外燃烧最常用的测定技术,并讨论液池火灾能量释放速率的计算方法,同时给出实验确定的不同民用和工业可燃物的能量释放曲线。
3.4.1 测定技术与参数测定能量释放速率测定能量释放速率的最常见的方法为耗氧热量计。
该测定方法的基础是,对大多数气体、液体和固体,每消耗单位质量的氧气,其释放出的能量几乎为常数,即每消耗1kg的氧气,其释放的热量约为13100kJ。
对许多碳氢物质而言,由于可燃物质不同,其变化在±5%以内。
图3.3耗氧热量计测定示意图耗氧热量计测定示意图如图3.3所示。
点燃后,将所有燃烧产物收集到烟罩内,并通过排气管排放。
可以在排放管内测定烟气的质量流率和组分,从而得到燃烧所消耗的氧气量。
利用前面给出的常数,即可计算得到能量释放速率。
燃烧速率--测定能量释放速率的另一种常见方法是通过测定燃烧速率或燃料质量损失速率。
在燃料燃烧过程中,称重燃料的重量。
估算能量释放速率需要知道有效燃烧热。
然后,采用下述方程(3.2)计算能量释放速率:式中m 单位为kg/s或g/s,∆H eff为有效燃烧热,单位为kJ/kg或kJ/g。
所得到的能量释放速率单位则为kJ/sec,即千瓦。
需要注意的是,“燃烧速率”实际上是质量损失速率的不确切的叫法,因为当氧气供给不充分时,并非所有蒸发后的燃料都会发生燃烧。
但大多数情况下,可以将两者等同,这里也将两者等同。
另外,还需注意的是在氧气供给不充分的室内火灾中,所有的燃料质量损失都不会发生燃烧。
对许多物质,人们已在自由燃烧实验中测定了其平均燃烧速率,这种燃烧速率以水平方向单位燃烧面积的值来给定的,即每平方米每秒千克。
如果知道燃料表面积,以及有效燃烧热,则方程(3.2)变为:流控开关变频功率分析风扇调节器式中A f是燃料的水平燃烧面积。
注意当以单位面积给出燃烧速率时,则用m ”表示。
不同燃料单位面积的燃烧速率见表3.2。
其他文献也给出了更多物质的类似结果。
如果已按照上述方法测得能量释放速率和质量损失速率,则可以利用方程(3.2)估算有效燃烧热(有时也称化学燃烧热)。
将有效燃烧热和完全燃烧热区分开是非常重要的。
测定完全燃烧热的装臵叫量热弹,在测定过程中,测试样品在较高的压力的纯氧环境中完全燃烧,燃尽后几乎没有余烬,并释放出几乎全部势能。
但这并不代表实际火灾的情形,在实际火灾过程中只有大约70~80%的质量转化为完全燃烧的挥发份,其他为碳或残留物。
另外,某些挥发份也不会发生燃烧,因此在燃烧产物中仍残留有某些可燃组分,如CO、烟尘和未燃的碳氢物质。
为更清楚地理解有效燃烧热和完全燃烧热,我们PMMA(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,俗称有机玻璃,)在氧气量不是很充分的条件下燃烧为例来加以说明。
当PMMA完全燃烧时,其反应式为:完全燃烧热为∆H g为24.9kJ/g。
当氧气量较少时,会生成一些一氧化碳,部分碳会生成烟尘粒子。
如果假设反应如下:则其燃烧热为18.2 kJ/g。
如果假设在某室内火灾发生的反应为后者,则可以说在这种火灾条件下,PMMA的有效燃烧热为18.2 kJ/g。
这种情况下,燃烧效率=0.73。
图3.4是上述含义的示意图。
图3.4 在两种不同反应计量系数下PMMA的燃烧热。
对于室内火灾,很难知道准确的反应化学计量系数,因而人们通常用列表的势能水平形式给出∆H c的值。
但应注意的是有些值是依据自由燃烧实验给出的,因而只适用于通风良好情况下的室内火灾。
许多不同物质的∆H c值可以由相关文献查得,如Tewarson的相关文献。
需要注意的是有些文献的记号和概念稍有不同;有效燃烧热有时也称为化学燃烧热,其符号用∆H ch表示。
完全反应热有时也称为完全燃烧净热,符号为∆H T,其中下标T表示总热量。
在运用不同文献的结果时,必须对相应的术语和符号加以注意。
表3.2列出了一些常见物质的燃烧速率、完全燃烧热,这些数据取自Tewarson,其测试方法见原文。
燃烧效率:有效燃烧热和完全燃烧热之比称为燃烧效率,即:如甲醇等醇类物质燃烧时,肉眼几乎观察不到火焰的存在,这表明在燃烧过程中产生的烟尘很少;因此其燃烧效率接近为1.对许多气体燃料如甲烷等也具有很高的燃烧效率。
对产生大量烟尘的燃料,如石油,其燃烧效率大大降低,典型地约为60~70%之间。
注意在上述讨论中,我们已经假设有足够的氧气供给燃烧;在小型房间通常氧气供给量不能满足要求,其燃烧效率会随着氧浓度的降低而明显减小。
现在,可以运用表3.2中给出的燃烧速率值(直径较大)和完全燃烧热来计算不同燃料燃烧时的能量释放速率。
方程(3.3)变成为:注意到表3.2中的m∙”测定值只对燃料直径大于例3.2中燃料直径的情况成立;可以设想,当燃料直径较小时,m∙”的值变小。
下面将会对此加以介绍。