2016职称英语真题及答案_理工C

2016职称英语真题及答案_理工C
第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

The Theory of Everything
If Stephen Hawking lives until the year 2017, he will have lived more than 50 years longer than his doctors expected. When he was a college student, doctors discovered that he had a rare disease. This disease causes a gradual disintegration(分解)of the nerve cells in the brain cells that regulate voluntary muscle activity. Death almost always occurs within two or threeyears.
Today Stephen Hawking cannot walk or speak. He cannot move his arms or his head. He cannot taste or smell anything. And yet this man is Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University, a position held by the famous scientist Isaac Newton in 1669.
Hawking is often described as the greatest scientist since Albert Einstein, but to the world outside science, he is also known as the man who made scientific theory understandable. His book, A Brief History of Time, has soldover eight million copies.
He says that since he does not have to think about his body or do any ofthe things other men have to worry about, such as washing the car or working in the yard, he can dedicate all of his time to thinking. This puts him in the perfect position to find the answer to the question that he has dedicated his life to. His question is: Is there a complete theory of the universe andeverything in it?
Despite his tremendous physical disabilities, he has already made some very important discoveries about the origin of the universe, how the universe holds together, and how it will probably end. He has also been able to explain thesecrets of “black holes” in space. Now he is looking for a set ofrules that everything in our universe must obey. He calls it the Theory ofEverything. He thinks that someone will have found the answer within the next20 years.
If Stephen Hawking is able to find his Theory of Everything, he will have given the world the opportunity to understand things that will change the whole nature of science and probably also the way we live.
16.Stephen Hawking will be 50 years old by 2017.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
17.Stephen Hawking suffers from a rare brain disease.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
18.Stephen Hawking is Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
19.A Brief History of Time is very difficult for students to understand.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
20.Stephen Hawking has much time to think because he doesn't have to work.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
21.Stephen Hawking has spent around ten years explaining the secrets of
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
22.The Theory of Everything is about the rules that everything in theuniverse follows.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）暂无
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5 段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇
Can you hear this?
When something creates a sound wave in a room or an auditorium (礼堂)listeners hear the sound wave directly from the source. They also hear the reflections as the sound bounces off the walls, floor, and ceiling . These are called the reflected wave or reverberant (反射的) sound, which can be heard even after the sound is no longer coming from the source .
The reverberation time of an auditorium is determined by the volume or interior size of the auditorium .It is also determined by how well orhow poorly the walls, ceiling, floor, and contents of the room (including thepeople) absorb sound. There is no ideal reverberation time .The full-sound performance of music such as Wagner operas or Mahler symphonies should have along reverberation time. The light, rapid musical passages of Bach or Mozartneed a reverberation time somewhere between.
Acoustic problems often are caused by poor auditorium design .Smooth , curved (弯曲的)reflecting surfaces create large reflections . Parallel (平行的)walls reflect sound back andforth, creating a rapid ,repetitive pulsing(有节奏的跳动)effect. Large pillars (柱)and corners can cause acoustic shadows as the sound waves try to pass around the object . Some of these problems can be solved by using absorbers and relectorsto change the reverberation time of a room .For example , hanging large reflectors , called clouds , over the performers will allow some sound
frequencies to reflect and others to pass yo achieve a pleasing mixture ofsound.
1. This Passage is mainly about
A sound waves and their acoustic effect .
B the types of music orchestras play
C walls of an auditorium
D the design of an auditorium
2.Wagner operas and Mahler symphonies sound fuller in an auditorium with
A a short reverberation time
B a long reverberation time
C an intermediate reverberation time
D no reverberation time
3. Thispassage suggests that a good auditorium should
A achieve a pleasing mixture of sound
B get rid of all reflections
C not have absorbers.
D have smooth surfaces
rge pillars and corners may
A make sound rich and full
B be cures for sound problems
C be sources of sound problems
D function as well as clouds
5.The word “acoustic” in the last paragraph has something to do with
A performance
B Music
C sound
D noise
第二篇
Outside-the-classroom Learning Makes a Big Difference
Putting a bunch of college students in charge of a $300,000 Dance Marathon, fundraiser surely sounds a bit risky.When you consider the fact that the money is supposed to be given to children in need of medical care, you might call theidea crazy.
Most student leaders don't want to spend a large amount of time on something they care little about, said 22-year-old University of Florida student Darren Heitner. He was the Dance Marathon's operations officer for two years.
YvonneFangmeyer, director of the student organization office at the University of Wisconsin, conducted a survey in February of students involved in campus or ganizations. She said the desire for friendship was the most frequently cited reason for joining.
At large universities like Fangmeyer's, which has more than 40,000 students, the students first of all want to find a way to "belong in their own corner of campus".
KatieRowley, a Wisconsin senior, confirms the survey's findings." I wanted to make the campus feel smaller by joining an organization where I could not only get involved on campus but also find a group of friends."
All of this talk of friendship, however, does not mean that students aren't thinking about their resumes. "I think that a lot of people do join to 'fatten up their resume'", said Heitner."At the beginning of my college career,I joined a few of these organizations, hoping to get a start in my leadership roles."
But without passion student leaders can have a difficult time trying to weather the storms that come. For example, in April, several student organizations at Wisconsin teamed up 3 for an event designed to educate students about homelessness and poverty. Student leaders had to face the problem of solving disagreements, moving the event because of rainy weather, and dealing with the university's complicated bureaucracy.
"Outside-of the classroom learning really makes a big difference", Fangmeyer said.
1. An extracurricular activity like raising a fund of $300,000 is risky because most student leaders_________.
A) arelazy
B) arestupid
C) arenot rich enough
D) will not take an interest in it
2.Atherican students join campus organizations mostly for_________.
A)making a difference
B)gaining experience
C) building friendship
D)improving their resumes
3. Whois Katie Rowley? _________.
A) She'sa senior professor
B) She's a senior student
C) She'sa senior official
D) She'sa senior citizen
4. What do student leaders need to carry an activity through to a successful end?_________.
A) Passion.
B)Money.
C) Power.
D) Fame.
5. The phrasal verb fatten up in paragraph 6 could be best replaced by_________.
A)invent
B)rewrite
C) polish
D)complete
第三篇
Covering the Coast All by Himself
University life is in no way cheap in Canada. It costs Peter Kemp, a computer science major at the British Columbia Institute of Technology in Vancouver, C$18,000 ayear.
Amazingly, the 21-year-old is covering the cost by himself.
For the past three years, Kemp has done a range of part-time jobs to pay for his tuition and living expenses. Last semester alone, he worked five jobs for 32-40hours a week. Life is busy, but Kemp enjoys it.
“Doing part-time jobs gives me economic independence,” said Kemp, who will begin his senior year this fall. “Having economic independence gives me the ability to take control of my life and make my own decisions,” said Kemp. “It has also helped me understand the value of money.
Among Kemp’s five jobs last semester, two were on campus. For one, he helped maintain the university’s computer labs. For the other, he worked at the IT service desk to hel p students and teachers solve their computer problems. He also worked for a small company that develops GPS systems. This job paid him well at C$27 an hours.
“These jobs made me put what I’ve learned in university to practical use,” Kemp said.“I accomplish ed creative and imaginative tasks by applying my abilities to the work. ”
Good time management skills help Kemp balance work and study. He’s a top student in his class. And he will be the student association chairman for his department beginning next semes ter. It’s a position that he has desired for a long time.“It will give me the opportunity to be the voice for my fellow students and make a difference,” says Kemp.
“I believe one of the key secrets to juggling(应付)everything is to avoid putting off tasks. This can leave you stressed and reduce the quality of your work and health,” he said.
“I often make a list of the things I need to do each day and rank them by their importance. The list helps me decide what task I should do first and when I should complete it. Remember to ask for help when you think you can’t finish something on time, or can’ t finish it by yourself. ”31．Who is Peter Kemp?
A．A computer student
B．An American student
C．A French student
D．A British student
32．How did he manage to pay his tuition and living expenses?
A．He did a variety of part-time jobs.
B．He won a few scholarships.
C．He borrowed money from his parents.
D．He obtained cheap loans from the bank.
33．Which of the following is NOT directly mentioned in the passage as an advantage of having economic independence?
A．it makes one understand that life is not easy.
B．it helpsone know the value of money.
C．it gives one the ability to control his or her life.
D．it enable one to make his or her own decisions.
34．Kempis able to balance work and study due to his
A．strong will power.
B．exceptional intelligence.
C．desire to become a leader.
D．good management of time.
35．The phrase “putting off” in Paragr aph 7 means
A．performing.
B．fulfilling.
C．finishing.
D．postponing
第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分）
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，请根据短文内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

US Signs Global Tobacco Treaty
1 The United States has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco treaty that promises to help control the deadly effects of tobacco use throughout the world. Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson signed the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) this week at the United Nations. (46)
2 The FCTC was developed by the World Health Organization and approved by members of the World Health Assembly，including the United States，last year. (47)
3 For instance, cigarettes sold in those countries would have to have health warnings on at least 30% of the front and back of every pack. (48)Italso requires bans on tobacco advertising, though there are some exceptions for countries like the United States, where the Constitution prohibits such an outright ban.
4 (49) The World Health Organization estimates that tobacco use kills nearly
5 million people worldwide every year. In the US alone, about 440,000 people die each year from tobacco-related illnesses; about one-third of all cancers in the US are caused by tobacco use. If current trends continue, WHO estimates, by 2025 tobacco will kill 10 million people each year.
5 The treaty must be ratified by at least 40 countries before it can takeeffect. (50)
A Tobacco stocks also perked up as investions discouried fears from litigation(诉讼) of the US.
B So far，109 countries have signed it, and 12 have ratified it.
C The impact of the treaty could be huge.
D Countries that ratify it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies.
E The treaty calls for higher tobacco taxes, restrictions on smoking inpublic places, and more promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs.
F The Senate must still approve the treaty before the US can implement itsprovisions. 46——50：FDECB
第6部分：完形填空（第51～65题，每题1分，共15分）
下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

Freezing to Death for Beauty
People in Beijing wear a lot of clothing during winter to fend off the cold. In the United States, however, people wear (51) partly because the car is the primary mode of transportation. Cars take (52) straight to their workplaces,which are heated well. The American diet is full of calories, so their (53)can afford to burn heat more quickly.
Fewer layers of clothing give people the opportunity to stay (54) Lots of Yale girls wear skirts (55) when it's 10 degrees Centigrade outside. Some of them at least wear boots, tights, and leg-warmers1.Some,however, really just go for the look (56)the risk of health.These girls have
nothing to prevent their legs (57)the wind, and no socks to protect their feet. A mini skirt and a pairof stilettos are all that they wear.
Typically, the ones pursuing fashion are (58) with little body fat. Just bythe nature of their bodies, they are already at a disadvantage compared with normal people in (59) weather. I have always (60), whenever I pass these girls,how they manage to refrain from shivering and just smile like spring had arrived.
And then there are the guys. The girls can be said to (61) health for beauty. But why do guys (62)so little? It is not like, once they shed some layers, they suddenly become better-looking. They are not exactly being fashionable when they (63)wear sporty shorts and shower slippers in the midst of winter. It's not cute.
Of course, people have the freedom to look whatever (64) he want. I am just surprised that, given the vast difference between winter and summer temperatures in Connecticut, they can still (65)like they are partying on thebeach in the middle of February.
51. A. scarce B. less C. littleD. least
52. A. people B. students C. shoppers D.them
53. A. arms B. heads C. legs D.bodies
54. A. bony B. thin C. fashionableD. hungry
55. A. even B. sometimes C.frequently D. occasionally
56. A. in B. for C.at D. on
57. A. with B. against C. aboveD. under
58. A. fat B. ugly C. short D.skinny
59. A. warm B. cold C. cool D.hot
60. A. dreamed B. stated C. claimed D.wondered
61. A. sacrifice B. devote C.suffer D. endure
62. A. bear B. carry C. wear D.put on
63. A. only B. seldom C. rarelyD. hardly
64. A. method B. road C. way D.avenue
65. A. see B. resemble C. show D.look
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