国际贸易术语词汇表

术语词汇表英汉对照Autarky 自给自足经济ad valorem tariff 从价关税antidumping duty 反倾销税advanced nations 发达国家Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) 亚太经济合作组织appreciation 升值arbitrage 套汇asset-markets approach 资产市场分析法adjustment mechanism 调整机制automatic adjustment 自动调整absorption approach 吸收分析法adjustable pegged exchange rates 可调整的钉住汇率制auction price 拍卖价格aggressive protective trade policy 侵略性保护贸易政策alternative duty 选择税absolute quota 绝对配额autonomous quota 自主配额agreement quota 协议配额American Selling Price ,ASP 美国售价制Anti-dumping Code 反倾销守则Arms trade 军火贸易Association of South East Asian Nations , ASEAN 东南亚国家联盟Basis for trade 贸易基础Business services 商业服务Beggar-thy-neighbor policy 以邻为壑政策Bonded warehouse 保税仓库Buy-national policies 购买国货政策Buffer stock 缓冲存货Benelux 比卢荷(比利时\荷兰\卢森堡)Brain drain 人才外流Balance of international indebtedness 国际债务平衡表Balance of payments 国际收支Bid rate 买价Bretton woods system 布雷顿森林体系Bank for international settlements (BIS) 国际结算银行Basket valuation 一篮子定价法Buffer-stock facility 缓冲存货贷款Bilateral trade 双边贸易Balance of trade 贸易差额Barter trade 易货贸易Buyer’s credit买方信贷Blockade 封锁Bilateral trade agreement 双边贸易协定Bonds 债券Complete specialization 完全专业化Constant opportunity costs 机会成本不变Commodity terms of trade 商品贸易条件Community indifference curve 社会无差曲线Compound tariff 混合关税Consumer surplus 消费者剩余Consumption effect 消费效应Cost-insurance-freight (CIF) valuation 到岸价格估价Customs valuation 海关估价Corporate average fuel economy standards (CAFE) 公司平均燃料经济标准Cost-based definition of dumping 倾销的成本定义Commodity Credit Corporation 商品信用公司Countervailing duty 反补贴税Cartel 卡特尔Common agricultural policy 共同农业政策Common market 共同市场Convergence criteria 趋同标准Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA COMECON) 经济互助委员会Customs union 关税同盟Counter-trade 补偿贸易Conglomerate integration 混合一体化Capital account 资本账户Credit transaction 贷方交易Current account 经常账户Call option 看涨期权Covered interest arbitrage 抛补套利Cross exchange rate 交叉汇率Currency swap 货币掉期交易Currency pass-through 货币转嫁Clean float 清洁浮动Crawling peg 爬行钉住汇率制Currency board 货币局制Compensatory financing facility 补偿性融资贷款Conditionality 附加条件Country risk 国家风险Credit risk 信用风险Currency risk 货币风险Distribution of income 收入分配Dynamic comparative advantage 动态比较优势Deadweight loss 无谓损失Domestic revenue effect 国内收入效应Domestic content requirement 国内含量条件Dumping 倾销Development nations 发展中国家Dynamic effects of economic integration 经济一体化的动态效应Debit transaction 借方交易Double-entry accounting 复式记账Depreciation 贬值Destabilizing speculation 破坏稳定的投机Discount 贴水Devaluation 法定贬值Dirty float 肮脏浮动Dollarization 美元化Dual exchange rates 二元汇率制Demand-pull inflation 需求拉动的通货膨胀Direct controls 直接控制Debt /equity swap 债权/股权转换Debt reduction 债务削减Debt forgiveness 债务豁免Debt service/export ratio 债务清偿/出口比率Demand for international reserves 国际储备需求Debt-to-export ratio 债务出口比率Demonetization of gold 黄金的非货币化Economic interdependence 经济相互依存性Exit barriers 退出壁垒Economics of scale 经济规模Environment regulation 环境管制Effective tariff rate 有效关税率Export credit subsidy 出口信贷补贴Export quota 出口配额Export-revenue effect 出口收入效应Economic sanctions 经济制裁Escape clause 豁免条款Export –Import bank 进出口银行East Asian tigers东亚老虎Export controls 出口控制Export-oriented policy 出口导向型政策Export-led growth 出口带动型增长Economic integration 经济一体化Economic union 经济同盟Euro 欧元European economic Area 欧洲经济区European Monetary Union (EMU) 欧元货币联盟European Union (EU) 欧洲联盟Export subsidies 出口补贴Effective exchange rate 有效汇率Exchange arbitrage 套汇Exchange rate 汇率Elasticity approach 弹性方法分析法Exchange controls 外汇管制Exchange-stabilization fund 外汇稳定基金Expenditure-changing policies 支出变动政策Expenditure-switching policies 支出转移政策External balance 外部均衡Eurocurrency market 欧洲货币市场Free trade 自由贸易Factor-endowment theory 要素禀赋论Factor-price equalization 要素价格均等化Foreign-trade zone (FTZ) 对外贸易区Free-on-board (FOB) valuation 离岸价格估价Free-trade argument 自由贸易理论Free-trade-biased sector 赞成自由贸易的部门Foreign sourcing 国外外包Fast-track authority 快速通道权力Flying-geese pattern of economic growth 经济增长的飞鹅模式Free-trade area 自由贸易区Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) 美洲自由贸易区Foreign direct investment 对外直接投资Foreign-exchange market 外汇市场Forward market 远期市场Foreign-currency options 外汇期权Forward rate 远期汇率Forward transaction 远期交易Futures market 期货市场Forecasting exchange rates 汇率的预测Fundamental analysis 基本面分析法Foreign-trade multiplier 对外贸易乘数Fixed exchange rates 固定汇率制Foreign repercussion effect 外国反应效应Floating exchange rates 浮动汇率制Fundamental disequilibrium 根本性失衡Fiscal policy 财政政策Gains from international trade 国际贸易收益Global quota 全球配额General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) 关税与贸易总协定Generalized system of preferences (GSP) 普惠制Guest workers 客座工人Goods and services balance 货物和服务贸易差额Gold standard 金本位制Group of Five (G-5) 五国集团Group of Seven G-7) 七国集团General Arrangements to Borrow 一般借款协定Gold exchange standard 金汇兑本位制Heckscher –Ohlin theory 赫克歇尔-俄林理论Horizontal integration 横向一体化Hedging 套期保值Increasing opportunity costs 机会成本递增Immiserizing growth 贫困化增长Importance of being unimportant 充当不重要角色的重要性Indifference curve 无差异曲线Indifference map 无差异图Industrial policy 产业政策Inter-industry specialization 产业间专业化Inter-industry trade 产业间贸易Intra-industry trade 产业内贸易Intra-industry specialization 产业内专业化Infant-industry argument 幼稚产业保护论Import quota 进口配额Intellectual property rights (IPRs) 知识产权Import substitution 进口替代International commodity agreements 国际商品协定International joint ventures 国际合资企业Inter-bank market 银行同业市场Interest arbitrage 套利International Monetary Market (IMM) 国际货币市场International capital movements 国际资本移动Income determination 收入决定Institutional constraints 制度约束Internal balance 内部均衡International economic policy 国际经济政策International economic –policy coordination 国际经济政策协调IMF drawings IMF提款International reserves 国际储备International monetary fund 国际货币基金组织Judgmental forecasts 判断预测法J-curve effect J-曲线效应Kennedy Round 肯尼迪回合Knowledge-based growth policy 基于知识的增长政策Key currency 关键货币Law of comparative advantage 比较优势原理Labor theory of value 劳动价值论Leontief paradox 里昂惕夫之迷Large nation 大国Level playing field 公平的竞技场Labor mobility 劳动力流动性Long position 多头Law of one price 一价定律Leaning against the wind 逆势干预Louver Accord 卢孚协定Liquidity problem 流动性问题Marginal rate of transformation (MRT) 边际转换率Mercantilists 重商主义Marginal rate of substitution (MRS) 边际替代率Margin of dumping 倾销利润Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) 国际贸易和产业部Most-favored –nation (MFN) clause 最惠国条款Multilateral contract 多边合同Maastricht Treaty 马斯特里赫特条约Market economy 市场经济Monetary economy 货币经济Monetary union 货币联盟Maquiladoras 工业园Migration 移民Multinational enterprise (MNE) 跨国企业Merchandise trade balance 商品贸易差额Market fundamentals 市场基本因素Market expectations 市场预期Monetary approach 货币分析法Multiplier process 乘数过程Marshall-Lerner condition 马歇尔-特纳条件Managed floating system 管理浮动汇率制Multiple exchange rates 复式汇率制Monetary policy 货币政策No-trade boundary 不贸易边界Nominal tariff rate 名义关税率Non-restrained suppliers 非限制性供货商Non-tariff trade harriers (NTBs) 非关税贸易壁垒Normal trade relations 正常贸易关系New international economic order 国际经济新秩序Non-market ecomomy 非市场经济North American Free Trade ( NAFTA) 北美自由贸易协定Net creditor 贷方净额Net debtor 借方净额Net foreign investment 国外投资净额Nominal interest rate 名义利率Offer curve 提供曲线Outer limits for the equilibrium terms of trade 贸易均衡条件的外部限制Offshore-assembly provision (OAP) 境外装备条款Optimum tariff 最优关税Orderly marketing agreement (OMA) 有序销售协定Organization of petroleum exporting countries (OPEC) 石油输出国组织Optimum currency area 最优货币区Official reserve assets 官方储备资产Official settlements transactions 官方结算交易Offer rate 卖价Option 期权Option market 期权市场Overshooting 超调Official exchange rate 官方汇率Operation twist 经营办法Overall balance 总收支差额Oil facility 石油贷款Partial specialization 部分专业化Price-specie-flow doctrine 价格流转学说Principle of absolute advantage 绝对优势原理Principle of comparative advantage 比较优势原理Production gains from specialization 专业化的生产收益Production possibilities schedule 生产可能性曲线Polluter-pays principle 污染者付费原则Product life cycle theory产品生命周期理论Producer surplus 生产者剩余Production sharing 生产分工Protection-biased sector 赞成贸易保护的部门Protective effect 保护效应Protective tariff 保护关税Persistent dumping 持续性倾销Predatory dumping 掠夺性倾销Price-based definition of dumping 倾销的价格定义Primary products 初级产品Production controls 生产控制Premium 升水Put option 看跌期权Purchasing –power –parity approach 购买力平价分析法Par value 平价Policy agreement 政策协调Policy conflict 政策冲突Quantity theory of money 货币数量理论Region of mutually beneficial 互惠贸易区Redistributive effect 再分配效应Revenue effect 收入效应Revenue tariff 财政关税Reciprocal trade agreement act 互惠贸易协定法案Regional trading arrangement 区域贸易协定Real interest rate 实际利率Relative purchasing power parity 相对购买力平价Rules of the game 游戏规则Revaluation 法定升值Specific-factors theory 特定要素理论Scientific tariff 科学关税Small nation 小国Specific tariff 从量关税Selective quota 选择性配额Social regulation 社会管制Sporadic dumping 偶发性倾销Subsidies 补贴Section 301 301条款Smoot-hawley act 斯母特-赫利法案Strategic trade policy 战略性贸易政策Static effects of economic integration 经济一体化的静态效应Statistical discrepancy 统计差异Short position 空头Speculation 投机Spot market 即期市场Spot transaction 即期交易Spread 价差Stabilizing speculation 促进稳定的投机Strike price 协定价格Speculative bubble 投机泡沫Seigniorage 铸造利差Special drawing right (SDR) 特别提款权Special drawing rights特别提款权Supply of international reserves 国际储备供给Swap arrangements 货币互换协议Terms of trade 贸易条件Trade triangle 贸易三角Trading possibilities line 贸易可能性曲线Theory of reciprocal demands 相互需求理论Theory of overlapping demands 需求重叠理论Transportation costs 运输成本Tariff 关税Tariff escalation 关税升级Terms-of-trade effect 贸易条件效应Tariff-rate quota 关税税率配额Trade-diversion effect 贸易转移效应Tokyo round 东京回合Trade adjustment assistance 贸易调整援助Trade-creation effect 贸易创造效应Trade-diversion effect 贸易转移效应Transition economies 转性经济Technology transfer 技术转移Transfer pricing 转移定价Transplants 跨国工厂Trade balance 贸易差额Three-point arbitrage 三角套汇Trade-weighted dollar 美元的贸易加权价值Two-point arbitrage 两角套汇Technical analysis 技术分析预测法Target exchange rates 目标汇率Uruguay round 乌拉圭回合United national conference on trade and development (UNCTAD) 联合国贸易与发展会议U.S-Canada free trade Agreement 美加自由贸易协定Unilateral transfers 单方转移Uncovered interest arbitrage 无抛补套利Voluntary export restraints (VER) 自愿出口限制Variable levies 差价税Vertical integration 纵向一体化World trade Organization (WTO) 世界贸易组织Wage and price controls 工资和价格控制Foreign trade 对外贸易Oversea(s) trade 海外贸易International trade 国际贸易World trade 世界贸易Tradable goods 可贸易商品Tangible goods 有形商品Visible trade 有形商品Intangible goods 无形商品Invisible trade 无形商品Trade in services 服务贸易Technology trade 技术贸易Value of foreign trade 对外贸易额Value of imports 进口贸易额Value of exports 出口贸易额Commodity composition of foreign trade 对外贸易商品结构Commodity composition of international trade 国际贸易商品结构Manufactured goods 工业制成品Semi-manufactured goods 半制成品Direction of foreign trade 对外贸易地理方向International trade by regions 国际贸易地区分布Stagflation 滞胀Developed country 发达国家Developing country 发展中国家Quantum of export trade 出口贸易量Quantum of international trade 国际贸易量Economics of scale 规模经济Trade as an engine of growth 对外是经济增长的发动机Carrying trade 贩运贸易International division of labor 国际分工World market 世界市场Territorial division of labor 地域分工Plantation 种植园Triangular trade 三角贸易Market capacity 市场容量Industrial revolution 产业革命Multilateral trade 多边贸易Favorable balance of trade 贸易顺差Trade surplus 贸易盈余Unfavorable balance of trade 贸易逆差Trade deficit 贸易赤字Theory of absolute cost 绝对成本论Theory of comparative advantage 比较成本论Principle of comparative advantage 比较优势原则Theory of factor endowments 要素禀赋论Heckscher-Ohlin model , H-O model 赫-俄模式Labor intensive product 劳动密集型产品Capital intensive product 资本密集型产品Technology intensive product 技术密集型产品Specialization of product 专业化生产Degree of dependence on foreign trade 对外贸易依存度Foreign trade coefficient 对外贸易系数Intermediate product 中间产品Capital goods 资本货物Horizontal division of labor 水平分工Vertical division of labor 垂直分工International value 国际价值Exchange of unequal values 不等价交换Law of reciprocal demand 相互需求原理Net barter terms of trade 纯易货贸易条件Income terms of trade 收入贸易条件International market price 国际市场价格World market price 世界市场价格Free market price 自由市场价格Tender price 开标价格Reference price 参考价格Monopolistic price 垄断价格Managed price 管理价格Support price 支持价格Transfer price 转移价格Strategic stockpiling 战略屯储Foreign trade policy 对外贸易政策Free trade policy 自由贸易政策Protective trade policy 保护贸易政策Ultra protective trade policy 超保护贸易政策Protectionism 贸易保护主义Infant industry 幼稚工业Trade liberalization 贸易自由化Trade war 贸易战Corn law 谷物法Tariff ,customs duty 关税Customs frontier 关境Protective tariff 保护关税Import duty进口税Export duty 出口税Transit duty 过境税Tariff barrier 关税壁垒Surtax 附加税Normal tariff正税Preferential duty 特惠税Imperial preferential system 帝国特惠税Commonwealth preferential system 英联邦特惠税Lome convention 洛美协定Dutiable price ,customs value 完税价格Net weight 净重Gross weight 毛重Legal weight 法定重量Customs tariffs 海关税则Tariff no./heading no./tariff item 税则号列Rate of duty, tariff rate 税率Single tariffs 单式税则Complex tariffs 复式税则National tariffs 国定税则Conventional tariffs , agreement tariffs 协定税则Customs cooperation council nomenclature ,CCCN 海关合作理事会商品目录Standard international trade classification ,SITC 国际贸易标准分类Harmonized commodity description and coding system, harmonized system, HS 协调商品名称与编码制度Nominal rate of protection 名义保护率Effective rate of protection 有效保护率Added value 增加价值Trade barriers 贸易壁垒Quantitative restrictions 出口限制Import quota system 进口配额制Global quota , unallocated quota 全球配额Country quota国别配额Tariff quota 关税配额‘voluntary’ export restraint, VER 自动出口配额制Market disruption 市场扰乱Import license system 进口许可证Open general license 公开一般许可证Special license, validated license 特种许可证Multiple exchange rate 复汇率Internal tax 国内税Trigger price system 启动价格制Import deposit scheme 进口押金制Customs valuation 海关估价Tariff war 关税战Export credit 出口信贷Supplier’s credit 卖方信贷Export-import bank 进出口银行（美国）Export credit guarantee system 出口信贷国家担保制Tied loan约束性贷款Commodity credit corporation ,CCC商品信贷公司Intermittent dumping 间歇性倾销Long-run dumping 长期性倾销Hidden dumping隐蔽性倾销Foreign exchange dumping外汇倾销Coordinating committee, COCOM巴黎统筹委员会Embargo禁运Economic sanction 经济制裁Free economic zone自由经济区Free port 自由港Bonded area 保税区Export processing zone 出口加工区Free frontier 自由边境区Multilateral trade agreement 多边贸易协定Plurilateral trade agreement 诸边贸易协定Commercial treaty贸易条约Treaty of commerce and navigation 通商航海条约Trade agreement 贸易协定Payment agreement 支付协定Most-favored-nation treatment , MFN最惠国待遇National treatment 国民待遇Multinational corporation, MNC多国公司International capital movement国际资本移动Foreign direct investment, FDI对外直接投资International cartel 国际卡特尔Restrictive business practice, RBP 限制性商业惯例Host country 东道国Mother country母国Parent company母公司Subsidiary company子公司Export of capital资本输出Portfolio investment 证券投资Stocks 股票Foreign aid 对外援助Loans贷款Sole enterprises独资企业Joint venture合资企业Reinvestment 再投资European payment union欧洲支付同盟Frontier trade边境贸易International trade organization, ITO国际贸易组织Havana charter哈瓦那宪章CONTRACTING PARTIES缔约国全体Contracting party 缔约方Trade liberalization贸易自由化Enabling clause授权条款Market access市场准入Cairns group 凯恩斯集团Multi-fibre arrangement, MFA多种纤维协定Fair value 正常价值Material injury 实质性损害Constructed price 结构价格Counter-vailing duty 反补贴税General agreement on trade in services, GATS服务贸易总协定Trade related investment measures, TRIMs与贸易有关的投资措施Trade related intellectual properties, TRIPs 与贸易有关的知识产权Intellectual property 知识产权Industrial property 工业产权Copyright著作权Patent专利Trademark商标World bank世界银行International bank for reconstruction and development ,IBRD 国际复兴开发银行Non-discrimination非歧视原则Tariff concession negotiation关税减让谈判Multilateral trade negotiation, MTN多边贸易谈判Primary industry第一产业Secondary industry第二产业Tertiary industry第三产业Transparency透明度General trade总贸易Special trade专门贸易Export drawback出口退税Certificate of origin原产地证书Staple commodity大宗商品Re-export再出口Gains from trade贸易利益Dumping margin倾销幅度East-west trade东西贸易South-south cooperation 南南合作Collective self-reliance集体自力更生Posted price 标价International economic integration国际经济一体化Complete economic integration完全经济一体化Preferential trade arrangement优惠贸易安排Council for mutual economic assistance ,CMEA经济互助委员会European economic community, EEC欧洲经济共同体European community, EC欧洲共同体Rome treaty罗马条约European free trade association, EFTA欧洲自由贸易联盟Trade creation贸易创立Trade diversion贸易转向Variable levy差价税General tariff rate 普通税率Conventional tariff rate协定税率Common agricultural policy, CAP共同农业政策Intra-regional trade区内贸易Mutual trade相互贸易European monetary system, EMS欧洲货币体系Single market统一大市场Pacific rim economic cooperation环太平洋经济合作Pacific economic cooperation council ,PECC 太平洋经济合作理事会World economic pattern 世界经济格局“super 301” clause “超级301”条款Least developed countries, LDCs 最不发达国家Export orientation 出口导向Group of 77 77国集团Research and development ,R&D研究与开发International commodity agreement 国际商品协定Newly industrialized countries (economies) , NICs/NIEs新兴工业化国家International debt crisis 国际债务危机。