法庭上常用的英语
英美法庭上常用的英语表达举隅
英美法庭上常用的英语表达举隅作者：来源：《英语世界》2019年第04期作为口头法律语言的一种，法庭英语有其独到的特点。
在英美律政电影、电视剧（legal drama）中，常常也能看到法庭审判的情景。
那么，英美法庭上常用的英语表达有哪些呢？作者略举几例，以便引发读者思考。
1. Oyez （ /oʊˈjɛz/， /oʊˈjeɪ/， /oʊˈjɛs/ ）Oyez 起源于法语oyer，是它的祈使形式。
虽有多个读音，但简而化之可以读作Oh-Yes！意思等于“Hear！ Attend！”常用于中世纪的英格兰和法兰西。
如今，美国的最高法院在开庭前，仍会来上一段“The Honorable， the Chief Justice and the Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States. Oyez！ Oyez！ Oyez！ All persons having business before the Honorable， the Supreme Court of the United States， are admonished to draw near and give their attention，for the Court is now sitting. God save the United States and this Honorable Court.”the Court crier连续喊上两到三遍Oyez，示意大家注意并保持肃静，以宣布开庭，是法官入席的一个仪式。
这个短语在美国其他联邦法院也在使用，如华盛顿特区巡回上诉法院，美国第二、第三、第七巡回上诉法院，美国得克萨斯州南区地方法院，宾夕法尼亚东部地区、弗吉尼亚东区以及弗吉尼亚、北卡罗莱纳、马里兰州法院等。
2. Court shall rise！当法庭肃静下来之后，the marshal of the Court （Court crier）会要求全体起立，请法官和审判人员入庭。
法院法律诉讼相关英语词汇
witness for the defence 被告证人
proof, evidence 证据,证词
witness box 证人席 (美作:witness stand)
dock 被告席
self-defence 正当防卫 (美作:self-defense)
assault and battery 殴打,侵犯人身罪
kidnapping, abduction 诱拐,拐骗
highjacking 劫持(飞机)
piracy 海盗罪
rape, violation 强奸
conspiracy, plot 结伙阴谋,共谋
theft, larceny 盗窃
armed robbery 持械抢劫
fraud 欺诈
tax evasion 偷税
misuse of authority 滥用职权
corruption 贪污腐化
usurpation 强夺
blackmail 敲诈,勒索
calumny, slander 诽谤
intoxication 酗酒
disturbance of the peace 扰乱治安penalty 处罚
release on bail 保释
release on parole 假释
to sue, to prosecute 起诉,提起公诉
to call s.o. to witness 作证
eyewitness 目击证人,目击者
institution of proceedings 起诉
accusation 控告,起诉
法律英语词汇(国际法)
管辖：Jurisdiction级别管辖：jurisdiction by level地域管辖：territorial jurisdiction移送管辖：referral jurisdiction指定管辖：designation jurisdiction审判组织:trial organization回避withdrawal诉讼参加人participants in court诉讼当事人parties in court诉讼代理人agents ad litem期间：time periods送达service调解conciliation财产保全property preservation先予执行preliminary execution妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施：compulsory measures against impairment of civil actions 诉讼费：litigation costs第一审普通程序ordinary procedure of first instance第二审程序procedure of second instance起诉bring a lawsuit受理accept a case开庭审理trial in court诉讼中止suspension of a lawsuit诉讼终止conclusion of a lawsuit判决judgment裁定order简易程序summary procedure特别程序special procedure选民资格案件cases concerning certificates of voters 宣告失踪proclamation of a person as missing宣告死亡proclamation of a person as dead无民事行为能力incompetent for civil conduct限制行为能力limited capacity for civil conduct无主财产property of ownerless执行申请application for execution执行移转referral of execution仲裁arbitration司法协助judicial assistance案件case案件发回remand/remit a case （to a low court）案件名称title of a case案卷材料materials in the case案情陈述书statement of case案外人person other than involved in the case案值total value involved in the case败诉方losing party办案人员personnel handling a case保全措施申请书application for protective measures 报案report a case （to security authorities）被告defendant; the accused被告人最后陈述final statement of the accused被告向原告第二次答辩rejoinder被害人victim被害人的诉讼代理人victim's agent ad litem被上诉人respondent; the appellee被申请人respondent被申请执行人party against whom execution is filed 被执行人person subject to enforcement本诉principal action必要共同诉讼人party in necessary co-litigation变通管辖jurisdiction by accord辩护defense辩护律师defense attorney/lawyer辩护人defender辩护证据exculpatory evidence; defense evidence 辩论阶段stage of court debate驳回反诉dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim驳回请求deny/dismiss a motion驳回上诉、维持原判reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgment/ruling驳回诉讼dismiss an action/suit驳回通知书notice of dismissal驳回自诉dismiss/reject a private prosecution驳回自诉裁定书ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case补充答辩supplementary answer补充判决supplementary judgement补充侦查supplementary investigation不公开审理trial in camera不立案决定书written decision of no case-filing不批准逮捕决定书written decision of disapproving an arrest不起诉nol pros不予受理起诉通知书notice of dismissal of accusation by the court财产保全申请书application for attachment; application for property preservation 裁定order;determination （指最终裁定）裁定管辖jurisdiction by order裁定书order; ruling裁决书award采信的证据admitted evidence查封seal up撤回上诉withdraw appeal撤诉withdraw a lawsuit撤销立案revoke a case placed on file撤销原判，发回重审rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial出示的证据exhibit除权判决invalidating judgement （for negotiable instruments）传唤summon; call传闻证据hearsay答辩answer; reply答辩陈述书statement of defence答辩状answer; reply大法官associate justices; justice大检察官deputy chief procurator代理控告agency for accusation代理申诉agency for appeal代理审判员acting judge代为申请取保候审agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving弹劾式诉讼accusatory procedure当事人陈述statement of the parties当庭宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court地区管辖territorial jurisdiction地区检察分院inter-mediate People's Procuratorate第三人third party调查笔录record of investigation定期宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date定罪证据incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence冻结freeze督促程序procedure of supervision and urge独任庭sole-judge bench独任仲裁员sole arbitrator对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施compulsory measures against impairment of civil action 对席判决judgement interparties二审trial of second instance二审案件case of trial of second insurance罚款impose a fine法定证据statutory legal evidence法定证据制度system of legal evidence法官judges法警bailiff; court police法律文书legal instruments/papers法律援助legal aid法律咨询legal consulting法庭辩论court debate法庭调查court investigation法庭审理笔录court record法庭审理方式mode of court trial法庭庭长chief judge of a tribunal法院court法院公告court announcement反诉counterclaim反诉答辩状answer with counterclaim反诉状counterclaim犯罪嫌疑人criminal suspect附带民事诉讼案件a collateral civil action附带民事诉讼被告defendant of collateral civil action 复查reexamination;recheck复验reinspect高级法官senior judge高级检察官senior procurator高级人民法院Higher People's Court告诉案件case of complaint告诉才处理的案件case accepted at complaint告诉申诉庭complaint and petition division工读学校work-study school for delinquent children公安部Ministry of Public Security公安分局public security sub-bureau公安厅public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government公开审理trial in public公开审判制度open trial system公示催告程序procedure of public summons for exhortation公诉案件public-prosecuting case公诉词statement of public prosecution公证机关public notary office共同管辖concurrent jurisdiction管辖jurisdiction国际司法协助international judicial assistance海事法院maritime court合议庭collegial panel合议庭评议笔录record of deliberating by the collegiate bench和解composition;compromise核对诉讼当事人身份check identity of litigious parties恢复执行resumption of execution回避withdrawal混合式诉讼mixed action基层人民法院basic People's Court羁押期限term in custody级别管辖subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels监视居住living at home under surveillance监狱prison检察官procurator检察权prosecutorial power检察委员会procuratorial/prosecutorial committee检察院procuratorate检察院派出机构outpost tribunal of procuratorate简易程序summary procedure鉴定结论expert conclusion经济审判庭economic tribunal径行判决directad judication without sessions; judgement without notice 纠问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings拘传summon by force; summon by warrant拘留所detention house举报information/report of an offence举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi决定书decision军事法院military procuratorate开庭审理open a courtsession开庭通知notice of courtsession勘验笔录record of inquest看守所detention house可执行财产executable property控告式诉讼accusatory proceedings控诉证据incriminating evidence控诉职能accusation function扣押distrain on;attachment扣押物distress/distraint宽限期period of grace劳动争议仲裁申请书petition for labor dispute arbitration劳改场reform-through-labor farm劳教所reeducation-through-labor office类推判决的核准程序procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence 累积证据cumulative evidence立案报告place a case on file立案管辖functional jurisdiction立案决定书written decision of case-filing立案侦查report of placing a case on file利害关系人interested party临时裁决书interim award律师见证书lawyer's written attestation; lawyer's written authentication律师事务所law office; law firm律师提前介入prior intervention by lawyer免于刑事处分exemption from criminal penalty民事案件civil case民事审判庭civil tribunal民事诉讼civil action民事诉讼法Civil Procedural Law扭送seize and deliver a suspect to the police派出法庭detached tribunal派出所police station判决judgement;determination判决书judgement;determination; verdict （指陪审团作出的）旁证circumstantial evidence陪审员juror批准逮捕approval of arrest破案clear up a criminal case; solve a criminal case破产bankruptcy;insolvency普通程序general/ordinary procedure普通管辖general jurisdiction企业法人破产还债程序procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation起诉filing of a lawsuit起诉sue; litigate;prosecute; institution of proceedings起诉状indictment;information区县检察院grassroots People's Procuratorate取保候审the bailpending trial with restricted liberty of moving缺席判决default judgement人民调解委员会People's Mediation Committee认定财产无主案件cases concerning determination of property as ownerless认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件cases concerning determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity上诉appeal上诉人appellant上诉状petition for appeal少管所juvenile prison社会治安综合治理comprehensive treatment of social security涉外案件cases involving foreign interests涉外民事诉讼foreign civil proceedings涉外刑事诉讼foreign criminal proceedings申请人applicant; petitioner申请书petition; application for arbitration申请执行人execution applicant申诉人宣誓书claimant's affidavit of authenticity申诉书appeal for revision; petition for revision神示证据制度system of divinity evidence神示制度ordeal system审查案件case review审查并决定逮捕examine and decide arrest审查起诉阶段stage of review and prosecution审理通知书notice of hearing审判长presiding judge审判长宣布开庭presiding judge announce court in session 审判管辖adjudgement/trial jurisdiction审判监督程序procedure for trial supervision审判委员会judicial committee审判员judge审问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings生效判决裁定legally effective judgement /order胜诉方winning party省市自治区检察院higher People's Procuratorate失踪和死亡宣告declaration of disappearance and death 实（质）体证据substantial evidence实物证据tangible evidence实在证据real evidence示意证据demonstrative evidence视听证据audio-visual evidence收容所collecting post; safe retreat首席大法官chief justice首席检察官chief procurator受害人的近亲属victim's immediate family受理acceptance受理刑事案件审批表registration form of acceptance of criminal case受送达人the addressee书记员court clerk书记员宣读法庭纪律court clerk reads court rules书证documentary evidence司法部Ministry of Justice司法机关judicial organizatons司法警察judicial police司法局judicial bureau司法厅judicial bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government司法协助judicial assistance死缓的复核judicial review of death sentence with a retrieve死刑复核程序procedure for judicial review of death sentence死刑复核权competence for judicial review of death sentence送达service of process送达传票service of summons/subpoena送达诉状service of bill of complaint搜查search诉sue; suit; action;lawsuit诉前财产保全property attachment prior to lawsuit诉讼litigation;lawsuit; sue; action诉讼保全attachment诉讼参加人litigious participants诉讼代理人agent ad litem诉状complaint; bill of complaint; state of claim特别程序special procedures提起公诉institute a public prosecution铁路法院railway court铁路检察院railroad transport procuratorate庭审程序procedure of court trial通缉wanted for arrest投案appearance退回补充侦查return of a case for supplementary investigation 委托辩护entrusted defense未成年人法庭juvenile court无行政职务的法官associate judge无正当理由拒不到庭refuse to appear in court without due cause 无罪判决acquittal,finding of “ not guilty ”先予执行申请书application for advanced execution先予执行advanced execution刑事案件criminal case刑事拘留criminal detention刑事强制拘留criminal coercive/compulsory measures刑事审判庭criminal tribunal刑事诉讼criminal proceedings刑事诉讼法Criminal Procedural Law刑事自诉状self-incriminating criminal complaint行政案件administrative case行政审判庭administrative tribunal行政诉讼administrative proceedings行政诉讼法Administrative Procedural Law宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件cases concerning the declaration of disappearance and death宣判笔录record of rendition of judgement选民资格案件cases concerning qualifications of voters询问证人inquire/question a witness训诫reprimand讯问笔录record of interrogation询问犯罪嫌疑人interrogate criminal suspect要求传唤证人申请书application for subpoena一裁终局arbitration award shall be final and binding一审trial of first instance一审案件case of trial of first instance应诉通知书notice of respondence to action有罪判决sentence ;finding of “guilty”予审preliminary examinantion; pretrial原告plaintiff院长court president阅卷笔录record of （by lawyers）再审案件case of retrial再审申请书petition for retrial责令具结悔过order to sign a statement of repentance债权人会议creditors' meeting侦查阶段investigation stage侦查终结conclusion of investigation征询原、被告最后意见consulting final opinion of the plaintiff and defendant 证据evidence证据保全preserve evidence证据保全申请书application for evidence preservation证人证言testimony of witness; affidavit支付令payment order/warrant知识产权庭intellectual property tribunal执行程序procedure execution执行逮捕execution of arrest执行和解conciliation of execution执行回转recovery of execution执行庭executive tribunal执行异议objection to execution执行员executor执行中止discontinuanceof execution执行终结conclusion of execution指定辩护appointed defense指定仲裁员声明statement of appointing arbitrator中级人民法院intermediate People's Court中途退庭retreat during court session without permission 仲裁arbitration仲裁被诉人respondent ;defendant仲裁裁决award仲裁申请书arbitration仲裁申诉人claimant ;plaintiff仲裁庭arbitration tribunal仲裁委员会arbitration committee仲裁协议arbitration agreement; clauses of arbitration仲裁员arbitrator主诉检察官principal procurator助理检察官assistant procurator助理审判员assistant judge专门法院special court专门管辖specific jurisdiction专属管辖exclusive jurisdiction追究刑事责任investigate for criminal responsibility自首confession to justice自诉案件private-prosecuting case自行辩护self-defense自由心证制度doctrine of discretional evaluation of evidence自侦案件self-investigating case最高人民法院the Supreme People's Court最高人民检察院the Supreme People's Procuratorate最后裁决书final awardbilateral and multilateral economic cooperation 双边和多边经济合作bilateral trade 双边贸易dual nationality 双重国籍trusteeship 托管制度outer space 外层空间sole legal government 唯一合法政府loans with no or low interest 无息和低息贷款colonialism and neo-colonialism 新老殖民主义delayed repayment of capital and interest 延期还本付息extradition 引渡Zionism 犹太复国主义friendly exchanges 友好往来disputed areas 有争议的地区fishery resources 渔业资源political offender 政治犯political fugitive 政治逃犯Middle East, Mideast中东neutral state ,neutral country 中立国neutralized state 永久中立国apartheid, racial segregation 种族隔离genocide 种族灭绝sovereign state 主权国家exclusive economic zone 专属经济区suzerain state ,metropolitan state 宗主国suzerainty 宗主权to maintain neutrality 保持中立to safeguard national sovereignty and national resources 保卫国家主权和民族资源to take concerted steps 采取协调行动to undertake obligations in respect of the nuclear-free zone 对无核区承担义务to develop relations of peace and friendship, equality and mutual benefit, and prolonged stability 发展和平友好、平等互利、长期稳定的关系to develop the national economy 发展民族经济to peddle munitions 贩卖军火All countries, big or small, should be equal. 国家不分大小，应该一律平等to establish normal state relations 建立正常的国家关系to seek a fair and reasonable solution 求得公平合理的解决to make up for each other's deficiencies 取长补短to negotiate through diplomatic channels 通过外交途径进行谈判to safeguard national independence and the integrity of sovereignty维护国家独立和主权完整to safeguard world peace 维护世界和平to solve disputes by peaceful means 用和平手段解决争端in consideration of the actual conditions 照顾现实情况the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence 和平共处五项原则mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity互相尊重主权和领土完整Mutual non-aggression 互不侵犯non-interference in each other's internal affairs 互不干涉内政equality and mutual benefit 平等互利peaceful coexistence和平共处draft 法案,草案Government bill 政府议案to pass a bill, to carry a bill 通过议案to enact a law, to promulgate a law 颁布法律ratification, confirmation 批准law enforcement 法律的实施to come into force 生效decree 法令clause 条款minutes 备忘录report 判例汇编codification 法律汇编legislation 立法legislator 立法者jurist 法学家jurisprudence 法学legitimation 合法化legality, lawfulness 法制,合法legal, lawful 合法的,依法的to contravene a law, to infringe a law, to break a law 违法outlaw, outside the law 超出法律范围的offender 罪犯to abolish 废止,取消rescission, annulment 废除,取消repeal, revocation, annulment 废除(法律) cancellation, annulment, invalidation 废除(合同) cancellation (支票)作废annulment 撤消(遗嘱)repeal rescission 撤消(判决)revocation 撤消immunity 豁免,豁免权disability, legal incapacity 无资格nonretroactive character 不溯既往性prescription 剥夺公权attainder 公民权利的剥夺和财产的没收constitutional law 宪法canon law 教会法规common law 习惯法criminal law 刑法administrative law 行政法civil law 民法commercial law, mercantile law 商法law of nations 万国公法,国际法international law 国际法natural law 自然法labour laws 劳工法fiscal law 财政法Civil Suit Law, Code of civil law 民事诉讼法Criminal Law 刑事诉讼法Military Law 军法Conscript Law 兵役法Copyright Law 著作权法penal code 刑法典code of mercantile law 商法典civil rights 民事权利,公民权利right of asylum 避难权human rights, rights of man 人权(customs) duties 关税death duty, death tax 遗产税royalties 版税。
法律英语常用词汇(一)
法律英语词汇一、有关机构的词汇司法部门，司法的judiciary法院court基层人民法院Basic People's Court中级人民法院Intermediate People's Court高级人民法院High People's Court最高人民法院Supreme People's Court专门人民法院special people's court军事法院military court海事法院maritime court铁路运输法院railway transport court审委会judicial committee合议庭collegial panel侦查机关public security inspectorate检察机关procuratorate公诉机关public prosecution organ公安局public security bureau派出所public security station地方人民检察院local people's procuratorate人民调解委员会the people's conciliation committees 居民委员会neighborhood committee村民委员会village committee民政部门civil affairs department二、有关身份和称谓的词汇公民citizen法人legal person未成年人minor成年人adult外国人alien无国籍人stateless person无诉讼行为能力人person with no legal capacity 监护人guardian个体工商户Individual business农村承包经营户leaseholding farm household个人合伙individual partnership法官judge代理审判员acting judge陪审员assessor陪审团jury检察官prosecutor代理检察员acting prosecutor公诉人public prosecutor当事人party, litigant法定代表人legal representative代理人agent诉讼代理人Agents ad Litem法定代理人statutory agent原告complainant；plaintiff；prosecutor；accuser 共同原告co-plaintiff被告defendant；the accused共同被告co-defendant上诉人petitioner被上诉人appellee, respondent受害者victim犯人convict惯犯habitual offender犯罪分子offender律师lawyer attorney公证人public notary监狱长warden证人witness书记员clerk翻译人员interpreter鉴定人expert witnesse勘验人inspection personnel外国企业foreign enterprise债权人creditor债务人debtor要约人offeror受要约人offeree作者author三、有关程序的词汇案件case办案handle a case诉讼lawsuit案由nature of case案件受理费litigation fee起诉initiate legal proceeding，sue, file a lawsuit反诉counter-claim公诉public prosecution公诉书bill of indictment仲裁arbitration合议panel hearing回避withdrawal公开审判public trial两审终审原则the court of second instance being that of last instance 审判权judicial power住所domicile惯常居所地habitual residence财产所在地situs公告public announcement书证documentary evidence物证material evidence视听资料audio-visual material证人证言testimony of witness传闻证据hearsay当事人陈述statements of the parties鉴定结论expert conclusion勘验笔录records of inspection质证cross-examine上诉appeal提起上诉file an appeal申请执行apply for execution独立审判independent adjudication发回重审remand a lawsuit for a new trial维持原判uphold verdict发生法律效力be legally effective管辖权jurisdiction管辖权异议objection to the jurisdiction of a court标的物管辖权subject matter jurisdiction对人管辖权in personam jurisdiction对物管辖权in rem jurisdiction级别管辖jurisdiction by forum level专属管辖exclusive jurisdiction起诉阶段the pleading stage审理trial不予受理refusal to entertain a case驳回起诉rejection of a complaint中止诉讼suspension of legal proceeding终结诉讼termination of legal proceeding缺席判决default judgment承认、放弃、变更诉讼请求admit, waive or modify claims 提起反诉file a counterclaim简易程序summary procedure普通程序ordinary procedure辩护defense调解mediate reconciliation和解accord庭外和解an out-of-court settlement胜诉winning suit撤销withdraw开庭in session法庭辩论court debate处罚penalty处以…的惩罚under penalty of从宽处理lenient punishment；liberal punishment从轻处罚impose a lenient sentence；lighter punishment 从重处罚heavier punishment；severe punishment调查investigation调查取证investigate and collect evidence定案结论verdict定案理由reason for decision财产保全property preservation先予执行advance execution检举accusation鉴定identification结案wind up a case, close a case, settle a lawsuit委托代理entrusted agency法定代理statutory agency指定代理appointed agency公开审理public hearing供认confession共谋collude共同犯罪joint offence共同实施违法行为jointly committed the offence故意伤害intentional injury过失negligence过失杀人manslaughter合法权益lawful benefit；lawful right核实verify缓期执行suspension of execution缓刑suspended sentence极刑capital punishment加重刑罚aggravate punishment假释parole假证据false evidence监内执行execution of punishment inside the prison 监狱jail；prison捏造fabrication捏造证据fabricate evidence伪证perjury搜查令search warrant死刑capital punishment；death penalty他杀homicide通缉令order for arrest窝藏罪犯harbor a criminal无期徒刑life sentence；life imprisonment宣告无罪absolve作案现场scene of crime标的subject matter禁令injunction优势证据preponderance of evidence表面证据prima facie case挑选法院forum-shopping四、有关法律法规的词汇宪法Constitutional law民事诉讼法Civil Procedure Law行政诉讼法Administrative Procedure Law刑事诉讼法criminal procedure law知识产权法intellectual property law国际法international law国际私法international private law法案bill法令decree法律行为act under the law民事法律行为civil juristic act法律后果legal effect法律依据legal basis法律制裁legal sanctions法庭传票bench warrant法院所在地venue of the court反对objection反对驳回objection overruled妨碍司法公正interfere with the course of justice；obstruction of justice 合法的legitimate；lawful非法的illegal；unlawful不动产realty, real property, real estate动产personalty, personal estate, personal property ，chattel违约default抵销Offset留置权，优先权lien期满，到期expire取消，丧失rescind有效的valid无效的invalid主权利principal right从权利accessory right主债务principal debt从债务accessory debt民事权利能力capacity for civil rights民事行为能力capacity for civil conduct完全民事行为能力full capacity for civil conduct 限制民事行为能力limited capacity for civil conduct 代理权agency债权creditors' Right知识产权intellectual Property Right著作权right of authorship版权copyright专利权patent商标专用权exclusive use of trademark证明商标certification trademark发现权right of discovery姓名权right of personal name名称权right of name肖像权right of portrait名誉权right of reputation荣誉权right of honour婚姻自主权right of marriage by choice民事责任civil liability五，其他停止cease查封seal up扣押distrain冻结freeze没收confiscate过错fault正当防卫justifiable defence停止侵害cessation of infringements排除妨碍removal of obstacles消除危险elimination of dangers返还财产return of property恢复原状restoration of original condition修理、重作、更换repair, reworking or replacement 赔偿损失compensation for losses支付违约金payment of breach of contract damages 消除影响elimination of ill effects恢复名誉rehabilitation of reputation赔礼道歉extension of apology诉讼时效limitation of action不可抗力force majeure商誉goodwill假冒经营passing off，palming off在先使用者senior user在后使用者junior user特许权，版税royalty垄断monopoly专利patent有形载体tangible medium域名public domain衍生作品deviate work合理使用fair use损害prejudice合同contract合意mutual assent不当得利unjust enrichment履行、清偿discharge报酬remuneration要约offer承诺acceptance意思表示intent indication要约邀请invitation for offer撤回withdrawn撤销revoke追认ratification公平原则the principle of equity诚实信用原则the principle of good faith 社会公德social ethics公共利益public interest国家秘密State secrets商业秘密trade secrets个人隐私personal privacy破产bankrupt清算 liquidation11。
法律英语翻译常用词汇
Accord和解或和解协议，如reach an accord达成和解协议，accord and satisfaction 和解与清偿等。
Accused被告 Accused通常指刑事案件的被告，民事诉讼的被告称为Defendant；而申索案件中的被索偿的一方称为Respondent（答辩人）。
acquireacquire指对公司的购买，收购，我们通常所说的M&A，即是acquire的名词acquisition和merger的缩写。
如The foreign investor has acquired more than 10 PRC domestic enterprises engaging in related industries within a year. 外国投资者一年内并购中国境内关联行业的企业超过10个。
Acquittal罪名不成立刑事案件经审讯后，被告罪名不成立被释放，称为“The accused is acquitted”。
Acquittal是名词。
详见民法中和刑法中表达不同意思的“acquit”一文。
Actact作为，与不作为forbear相对应。
如：Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the Minister may, on the recommendation of the Commission, direct the Commission to act or forbear from。
Action诉讼，相当于suit或lawsuit，如initiate an action提起诉讼，win an action 在诉讼中获胜，defend oneself in an action在诉讼中为自己辩护等。
Adjourn休庭，押后法庭在聆讯途中暂时休庭30分钟，称为“adjourned for 30 minutes”。
常用法律英语词汇
常用法律英语词汇(详细解释版)AAb initioAb initio是拉丁文,其意思是“自开始之时”或“从头开始”,可以直接翻译为“自始”。
在法律英语中,ab initio的使用频率较高,比较常见。
如:ab initio mundi(有史以来),void ad initio(自始无效)等。
详细Accordaccord在普通英语中的含义是符合,一致,在法律英语中则表示和解或和解协议,指指债务人和一个债权人达成的、以偿还部分债务免除全部债务责任的协议。
如reach an accord达成和解协议,accord and satisfaction和解与清偿等。
Accused被告Accused通常指刑事案件的被告,民事诉讼的被告称为Defendant;而申索案件中的被索偿的一方称为Respondent(答辩人)。
acquireacquire在普通英语中的含义是获得,获取,而且通常指通过后天的努力获得。
在法律英语中通常指对公司的购买,收购,我们通常所说的M&A,即是acquire的名词acquisition和merger的缩写。
如The foreign investor has acquired more than 10 PRC domestic enterprises engaging in related industries within a year. 外国投资者一年内并购中国境内关联行业的企业超过10个。
Acquittal罪名不成立刑事案件经审讯后,被告罪名不成立被释放,称为“The accused is acquitted”。
Acquittal是名词。
详见民法中和刑法中表达不同意思的“acquit”一文。
Actact在普通英语中的含义是行动,行为,在法律英语中通常理解为作为,与不作为forbear相对应。
如:Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the Minister may, on the recommendation of the Commission, direct the Commission to act or forbear from。
法律英语词汇整理
Part One Basis of Legal English公证人：notary专门名词；术语：terminology故意的；蓄意的：deliberate责任：obligation对等的，互惠的：reciprocal分期付款：instalment上述的；前述的：aforesaid不当：inappropriate审理委员会；特别法庭：tribunal否认：negative诉讼：litigation赔偿；补偿：compensation提起（申请等）；提起（诉讼等）；把……登记备案：file质询（书）：interrogatories否定：denial小册子：booklet常设的；永久的：permanent调解、调停：mediation法官；裁判官；法官席：bench一致的：unanimous强制的；不得上诉的：peremptory财产保全；查封；扣押：attachment赔偿金：damages泄露：divulge举证责任：theburdenofproof宪法的：constitutional入侵：invasion租约：lease成文法：statute样式条款：boilerplate clause无效的：null and void其他以外：inter alia= among others：abatement将……遗赠：bequeath起源：provenance扣押：seizure本金：the principal sum规定，条款：provision 立遗嘱者：testator承租人：tenant等同；同价物：equivalent终止：termination开端：commencement制定：formulation恐吓，威胁：intimidate议会，国会：parliament不可撤销的：irrevocable拆分；分立：split传唤；传讯：summon诉讼当事人：litigant辩解；申诉；事实陈述：allegation伪证；伪证罪：perjury庭外采证：deposition控告（某人）犯罪：impeach（法庭上证人的）证词：testimony仲裁：arbitration无陪审团员的审判：bench trail（陪审团的）裁决，判决，结论：verdict批捕令；搜查令：warrant留置权，扣押权：lien欺诈，误导：deceive侵权：infringement诉讼案件：lawsuit控告：prefer动产：chattel执行者：executor诉状：pleading公司面纱：corporate veil全部，所有的人：all and sundry保释：bailment宣告无效：annul报酬：emolument扣押财物：distress拘押：hold合适和恰当：fit and proper争议，纠纷或索赔：dispute ，controversy or claim承诺, 同意和契约：promise ，agree and 储蓄：deposits covenant原告：plaintiff被告：defendant承认：admission回避：forcause交叉盘问：cross examination诉由不成立：no cause清偿保证书：satisfaction发回重审：relitiganteback宣誓过的：sworn法典注释：annotated code法律顾问：barrister汇票：bill of exchange引证：citation or cite编成法典：codify最高上诉法院：courtoflastresort法庭书记官：courtreporter法律汇编：digest（写在判决书前面的）摘要：headnote 名义上的当事人：nominal party律师助手：paralegal州长：sheriff遵循先例：staredecisis摘要：synonym法令：wirt悬而未决的陪审团：hung jury拉丁语：Bona fide = good faith 善意Ex parte =from one side 片面的In r e =in the matter of 关于，对于Percapita=by l eads 人均对价：consideration汇票：draft票据：instrument 诉状：complaint代表自己，自辩：pro se（withoutanattorney ）和解协议：settlement协商；法律顾问：counsel专家证人：expertwitness无效审判：mistrial推翻：overturn自由心证：power of discretionary先行本：advancesheet法警：bailiff受益人：beneficiary最佳证据：bestevidence传讯者：citator法令：decree记录法庭：court of record授权立法：delegatedlegislation备审案件目录表：docket对答案有诱导性的提问：leadingquestion初审管辖：original jurisdiction被告：respondent单行本：slip law（判决书的）判决理由/说明：syllabus正式起诉书：true bill传票：subpoena习惯法：commonlawDe novo =anew 重新；更始Habeas corpus =you should have the body人身保护令Non obstance verdioto =notwithstanding the verdict 否定裁决Per curiam =by the court 引用法官判词相对人：counterpart兑现：honor请求：motionChapter Two American Legal Regime美国联邦上诉法院：United States Court of =巡回上诉法院：Federal Circuit AppealsfortheFederalCircuit最高法院：Supreme Court中级上诉法院：intermediateCourts美国案例选编：American Law Reports 上诉法院：Court of Appeals高级法院上诉庭：Appellate Division ，Supreme Court法律百科全书：Corpus Juris Secundum任命：nominate等级制度；统治集团：hierarchy地方法官，治安官：magistrate遗嘱检验法庭：probate court仲裁人：arbiter无效；废弃：nullification疏忽，过失；粗心大意：negligence渊源；根源：source合理的：equitable证词，证据：testimony挑选陪审团的过程：voir dire强制的；不得上诉的：peremptory审议：deliberation审判官似的；调查官似的；爱打听的：inquisitorial对抗性的，敌对的：adversarial审理委员会；特别法庭：tribunal送还，还押；发回重审：remade抵押；抵押品；质权：pledge成文法；制定法：statuarylaw判例，先例：precedentAdj. 适当的Vt. 占用，侵吞：appropriate传票；引证：citation控告，起诉：prosecution证人证言：affidavit全体陪审员：panel大陪审团：grand jury分配，分布：distribution过错相抵：contributory negligence专利池：patent pool纠问式：inquisitorial system of justice诉讼文件移送命令：certiorari驳回：dismiss暂停：stay异议：dissent抗辩制度：adversarial system公平的：impartial公告，宣告：announcement处理：dispose 任期：tenure司法权，管辖权；管辖范围：jurisdiction 转让（法律权利或义务）：assign少年法庭：juvenile court对（指诉讼，比赛中等）；相对：versus 执行，施行，实施（法律等）；免除：dispense 支持者；建议者；提出认证遗嘱者；提出证据的人：proponent立法机关；立法机构；立法部；（特指）州会议：legislature挑选陪审团成员：impanel陪审员名单：array自由裁量权：discretion当事人；诉讼委托人：client偏一方的：partisanVt.仲裁，裁判N.裁判，仲裁人：umpire上诉的，受理上诉的：appellate前提：premise发誓：swear依照法令的；法定的：statuary制定（法律）；颁布：enactAdj. 立法的，有立法权的N.立法权；立法机构：legislative竞合：concurrence概要，大纲：synopsis复审：review再审：rehear参议院：Senate僵局：deadlock有效：valid篡改：tamper证据规则：evidentiary r ules纠错法院：CourtofErrors撤销：vacate中止：order发回重审：remand特权：privilege主张，用户：advocacy自认犯罪：self-incrimination有说服力的法律依据：persuasive authority 廉正：integrity苏格拉底问法：socraticmethod 法律术语：legalese附录：appendix出庭律师：attorney of record 顾问：consultant法官的附带意见：dictum委托书：engagement letter出口许可证：export license许可证协议：license agreement公证人：notary public公民投票权：referendum法定时效：statuteoflimitation分区条例：zoning ordinanceChapter Three Constitutional Law司法权：judicial power合法化，正当性：legitimacy海事管辖权：maritime jurisdiction 全权：plenary power终身任期：life tenure 民事诉讼：civilprocedure法律联合会：legal fraternity公司章程：article o f i ncorporation计费工时：billable hour标准：criterion网域名称：domain name当庭提出证据：exhibit合营企业：jointventure贷款申请：loan application专利申请书：patentapplication股东，股票持有人：shareholder可撤销的合同：voidablecontract合法的：legitimate海事法，海商法：admiralty按照，根据：pursuant to/in pursuance of 阐明：set forth被授予、赋予（权利）：be vested with原始（初审）管辖权：original（trial ）jurisdiction 上诉管辖权：appellate jurisdiction自动生效：self-executing 共同管辖权，并存管辖权：concurrentjurisdiction参考司法性（或审判）解释：advisory opinions 做出裁判、裁决：rendition做出裁判裁决，判处：render 串通诉讼：collusive suits 模拟诉讼：mootcases成熟原则：ripeness doctrine确认判决，宣告是判决：declaratoryjudgment 诉由，诉讼资格：standing可归因于：be attributable to裁决，裁定：ruling不适用联邦管辖权（以避免和州管辖权的冲突）：abstain待决的，未决的：pendingV. 阻却、禁止N. 阻碍、阻却因素；法律界：bar立法权：legislative power默示的权利：impliedpower 可救济性：redressability规避（原则）：abstention以……作为前提/条件：bepremisedon禁止、命令、指示：enjoin豁免权：immunity明确列举的权力：enumerated power辅助/附属权利：auxiliary/ancillary power必要与适当条款：necessary and proper clause 实施、实行：carryintoexecution人头税：capitation公共基金开支权：spending power 国会调查权：investigatory power 剥夺……（权利）：depriveof/abridgeof 直接税，对财产征收的税：direct taxes 贸易权：commercepower弹劾：impeachment铸币：coinmoney立法权的委托/授予：delegation of legislative 三权分立原则：the separation of power power doctrine促进、助长、推动：in furtherance of公共职权：public functions剥夺公民权法案：bills of attainder程序性的正当程序：procedural due process 平等保护：equal protection个人财产：personal belongings任意的、武断的：arbitrary 申请……：petitionof有溯及力的，溯及既往的：retroactive事后的、有溯及力的、溯及既往的：ex post facto实质性正当程序：substantivedueprocess裁决、判决：adjudication法定权利：entitlement在下、从下：infra严格审查（标准）：strict scrutiny（maximum 中登记审查（标准）：intermediatescrutiny scrutiny ）合理依据、最低审查（标准）：rational basis （minimal scrutiny ）不合理分类：suspect classification受制于、以……为条件：be subject to 为……量身定做：betailoredto商业条款：Commerce Clause歧视性待遇：disparate treatment纠正歧视行动：affirmativeaction 引发、触发：trigger监禁、禁闭：incarceration主要因素：predominant factor授权条款：enabling provision必要的国家利益：compelling state interest 准嫌疑犯分类：quasi-suspect classification 不正当关系：illicit relationships确认生父诉讼、亲子鉴定诉讼：paternitysuits 基本权利：fundamentalrights避孕药物、避孕工具：contraception 撤销、使无效：revoke流产，堕胎：abortion实施：implement原因：causation修正案：amendment支持：upheld违反：infringe损害：impair区别对待：discriminatory application 反驳：rebuttal牵连：entanglement授权，命令：mandate司法审查：judicial review当代的，同时代的：contemporary 行政部门：executive branch使无效：invalidate详尽的，彻底的：exhaustive 包括、包含：encompass财政部：The Treasury Department全体出席的：plenary严格的必要性：strict n ecessity确权之诉：quiet title action驱逐出境：deport代表：delegate有特权的：prerogative非惩罚性：non-punitive避孕：contraceptives据说，据称：allegedly十足信用法案：full faith and credit问题的可讨论性，未决状态：mootness 多元管辖权：diversity jurisdiction批准，认可：ratification取缔诽谤：outlaw slander授予，给予：conferpromise 允诺acceptance 承诺a meeting of minds 意见一致executed contracts 已履行合同specialty contract 书面盖印合同parol contract 非要式合同simplecontract 简单合同offer 要约contracts u nder s eal 盖印合同contracts i n w riting 书面合同contracts e videnced i n w riting 有书面证明的合同口头合同oral contractsunqualified 无条件的conditional a ssent 有条件的同意standing offer 持续要约return performance 相应允诺letter 书信Mail-box Rule 投邮主义the promisee 被允诺人公共职责public duty accordandsatisfaction 和解与清偿允诺禁反言原则doctrine of promissory estoppelexpress terms 明示条款exemptionclauses 免责条款warranty 担保repudiate 拒绝履行certainty 确定性terms i mplied in f act 事实上的默示customary implied terms 惯例性的条款the repugancy rule 矛盾解释规则part4agreement b etween t he p arties 当事人之间的协议mutual a ssent 当事人之间的协议executory contracts 待履行合同valid 有效的void 无效的voidable 可撤销的unenforceable 不能强制执行revocation 撤回rejectionbytheofferee 受要约人拒绝counter-offer 反要约lapse of time 期限届满incapacity 无行为能力failureof a condition subject to which the offerwasmade 要约条件未能满足performance 履行the mirror i mage rule 镜像原则telegram 电报consideration 对价past c onsideration i s n o c onsideration 过去的对价不是对价the principle of mutuality 相关性原则衡平禁反言原则doctrine of equitableestoppelimplied t erms 默示条款condition 条件rescind 废除theconceptoftotalintegration 合同完整性的概念terms implied i n law 法律上的默示the contra proerentem 不利于提供者规则the f our c orners r ule 四角规则the C ontrol o f E xemption C lauses A ct 管制免责条款条例minor 未成年人persons of u nsound mind 精神病人mistake 错误duress 胁迫illegality 非法性operative mistakes 关键性错误warning notices 警告性通知capacitytocontract 缔约能力a person under the influence of drink 醉酒的人corporations 公司misrepresentation 虚假陈述undue influence 不当影响validity 效力liable to be set aside 衡平法上被撤销commonoridenticalmistakes 相同之错误non-identicalmistake 不相同之错误nonestfactum 非我所签契约fraudulentmisrepresentation 欺诈性的虚假陈述affirm 确认duresstogoods 对货物的胁迫actual undue influence 实际不当影响inequality of b argaining power 谈判能力的不对等illegal contract strictly so called 严格意义上的非法合同illegal a s f ormed 成立违法intended b eneficiaries 有益受害人discharged 解决tender of performance 交付履行impossibility 履行不能occurrence of c ondition subsequent 后续条件的发生cancellation 合同的取消substituted contract 替代合同lapse 终止（或失效）breachofcontract 违约damages 损害赔偿quantum meruit 按合理价格支付injunction 禁令corporatelaw 公司法new wordsand expressionsnominalized 使转变为名词abstain 抑制，弃权destitute 使丧失usage 惯例contingency 意外事故，偶发事件telex 电传detriment 损害，伤害undertaking 承诺charter 包租，租用lumber 木材furnish 提供appellee 被上诉人rescind 废除reputable 值得尊重的mutual mistakes 双方错误unilateral mistake 单方错误null and void 无效innocent or n eglient misrepresentation 无过错或过失性的虚假陈述duresstoaperson 对人的胁迫economic duress 经济胁迫persumed undue influence 假设不当影响unconscionability 显示公平制度operationoflaw 依法定得解除illegal c ontract traditionally s o c alled 传统的非法合同illegal a s p erformed 履行违法incidental beneficiaries 附带受益人performance 履行frustration 合同落空履约具有不现实性impracticability rescission 合同的废除novation 合同的更新release 弃权书account stated 明细账supervening illegality 继起违法anticipatorybreach 预期违约action for an agreed sum 商定金额之诉specific performance 实际履行alternative d ispute r esolution 替代性纠纷解决机制inducememt 诱因，诱导solemnity 庄严perpetrator 做坏事者，犯罪者revocation 撤销，撤回dispatch 发出facsimile 传真forbearance 忍耐，克制，不作为accure 发生，产生vessel 船舶freight 运费aver 提出demurrer 异议，抗辩repudiate 拒不履行shack 棚屋，简陋的小屋emasculate 阉割，削弱demolish 摧毁，推翻，驳倒shear(shore,shorn) 切断，剥夺perjury 伪证（罪）officious 爱管闲事的indemnity 赔偿（金）subrogation 代位（求偿权）vitiate （使）消弱，（使）无效reef 礁，暗礁ab initio 自始，从开始时rescission 废除pecuniary 金钱的rogue 无赖，流氓uberrimae fidei [ 拉]最大诚信convent 女修道院devotee 皈依者consummate 完成infirmity 虚假ex turpi causa non oritur actio [ 拉]非法或不道德行为不能取得诉因quantum valebant [ 拉]支付合理价格原则solus 单独的effectuate 实行，完成revoke 撤销；取消concurrent 同时发生的exculpatory 辩解的，辨明无罪的expectation interest 期待利益restitution interest 返还利益maxim 格言subterfuge 托词，借口overt 明显的，公开的a Mareva injunction 玛瑞瓦禁令Textinternational business transactions 国际商业活动；国际经济交往contract 合同，有法律约束力的承诺或协议restatement 再声明，重述duty 义务; 职责，责任deed 地契，土地证seal 密封文档，密封（证明真实有效）formation 成立manifestation 表现形式collateral 附属的absurdity 荒谬的rote 死记硬背，生搬硬套supersede 废除，废弃efficacy 功效onus 义务，负担dissipate 挥霍salvage 救援，营救tender 招标status quo 现状puff 吹嘘restitutio i n i ntegrum[ 拉]恢复原状avoidance 废止，无效coercive 强制的；强迫的ward 被监护人the balance o f probabilities 可能性较高者lopsided 不平等的defraud 诈取，骗取quantum meruit [ 拉]（无合同规定时）支付合理报酬；应得额；合理金额oust 剥夺，驱逐covenant 协议，协定supervening 接着发生encompass 围绕；包含coronation 加冕礼remotedamages 间接损失relianceinterest 信赖利益liquidateddamages 约定损害赔偿金permeate 弥漫，遍布evasion 规避，遁词slack off 松懈；懈怠warranty 保修单，担保securities law 证券法franchise 特许经营Convention on the International Sales ofGoods(CISG) 联合国国际货物销售合同公约binding 有约束力的stipulation 契约，约定，协定evidenced in writing 有书面证明的mutual a ssent 相互同意bound 有义务的advertisementsofrewards 悬赏广告lapseofoffer 要约失效English law 英国法Blackacre 黑地，黑田（辩论中的假设名字，与whiteacre 相对）writ of error 纠错令Chancery Courts 大法官法庭，大法庭Chancellor 首席法官，大法官conditional a ssent 附条件同意order c onfirmation 确认订单auction 拍卖revocation 撤回option 期权，选择权contingency 意外事故，偶发事件standing offer 持续要约decree 判决，裁定refinance 再融资unqualified 没有附加的条件的return promise 反允诺terms and conditions 条款及细则general conditions o f sale 销售的一般条件；买UNIDROIT PICC 国际统一私法协会国际商卖共同条件；一般销售条件事合同通则Mail-Box Rule 邮箱规则detriment 损害，伤害promisor 做出承诺者，契约者，要约人executed 已执行的full settlement of a debt 全额清偿promissory 承诺的，约定的Privy Court 枢密院法庭the principle 本人，被代理人，委托人；保证人；财产，信托财产qualification 条件，资格consideration 对价promisee 受约人executory 待执行的accordandsatisfaction 和解与清偿the principle of mutuality 交互性原则suspensory 中止的resume 恢复Doctrine of E quitable Estoppel 衡平禁反言原则charter party 租船合同frustrate t he m ain p urpose o f t he c ontract 主要目的受阻volition 自愿选择total integration 一体化；完全整合genesis 起源；开端officiousbystander 好事的旁观者the inserter 起草者the onus o f proof 举证责任guaranteesofminors ’ contracts 未成年人保证责任unsound mind/ mental-imcapacity 心智不全nonestfactum 否认立约the P arol E vidence R ule 口头证言规则absurdity 荒谬，不合理supersededdocuments 替代文件negligence 过失；疏忽indemnity 赔偿（金）Age of M ajority Act 成人年龄法guarantee 被保人subrogation 代位清偿fiduciary 基于信托的，受托人，被信托人inducement 引诱，诱导actionablemisrepresentation 可诉的虚假陈述restitutio i n i ntegrum 恢复原状Uberrimae Fidei 最大诚信原则，坦率诚实prospectus 说明书，简介，募股章程contemplation 深思熟虑，沉思vendor 卖方，卖主mutual rescission 相互解约frustrating events 受阻事项a final balance 最后应付余额，最后结余；最后平衡the Utmost Good Faith 最大善意原则undue influence 不当影响self-induced 自己导致的，自己诱导的operation o f l aw(OOL) 法律的实施（效果）unilateralrescission 单方废止；债权人得单方解除契约original transactions 原始交易commercial impracticability 商业不现实性StatuteofLimitations 诉讼时效supervening illegality 继起违法coronation 加冕礼remotenessofdamage 损害的间隔性unliquidated d amages 未经算定损害赔偿；未清算的损失；未确定损害赔偿额specific performance 照规定严格执行goodfaith 善意；真诚expressrepudiation 明示的履行拒绝interlocutory ( 判决等)在诉讼期间宣告的prohibitory 禁止的pending trial 候审期间，未决事项Choice of F orum Clause 选择法院条款Choice of L aw Clause 适用法律选择条款arbitration a greement 仲裁协议exercisecontested 有争议的boilerplate 样板文件；公式化，陈词滥调prevail 占优势optioncontract 期权合同leverage 杠杆作用，举债经营unconscionability 显失公平;显失公平原则impossible of performance 履行不能frustration o f p urpose 合同目的落空Forcr M ajeure C lauses 不可抗力条款foreseeability 可预见性,预见性extravagant 奢侈的；挥霍的claimant 原告，索赔者constant supervision 持续监督good f aith p erformance 合同履行中的诚信原则；善意履行perpetual 不间断的；持续的mandatory 强制的；法定的Municiple Courts 市法院Forum Selection Clause 法院管辖之条款commercial a rbitration 商事仲裁arbitration clauses 仲裁条款recital 一系列事件等的详述Caveat Emptor 货物出门概不退换，买主须自行当心（货物的品质）；买主当心merchandise 货物Statute of Fraudes 反欺诈法unjust enrichment 不正当得利third-party beneficiary 受益第三方forfeiture 没收，丧失illusory promise 虚幻允诺omission 疏忽，懈怠，做某事失败in pais 无法律手续或书据Unit Five故意侵权intentionaltorts威吓assault侵害地产或动产trespasstoLand/Chattels •detrimental r eliance有害依赖；不利之信赖material b reach 重大违约，实质性违约rescind 废除；撤销UniformCommercialCode(UCC) 美国统一商法典quasi-contract 准契约；准合同殴打battery非法监禁false imprisonment侵占他人动产conversion故意精神伤害Intentional infliction of 抗辩事由defenses emotional d istress特权privilege正当防卫self-defense责任duty实际损失或伤害actual loss or damage 比较过失comparativenegligence明示自冒风险express assumption of risk 暗示自冒风险implied assumption of risk 中介原因interveningcause 原告同意consent紧急避险necessity不履行责任breach原告过失contributory negligence自冒风险assumption of risk免责条款exculpatoryclause后果的预见性foreseeabilityofconsequences 连带责任joint and several liability补偿indemnity土地所有人possessor占有人occupier土地侵权人trespasser侵权儿童trespassing children被邀请人invitee不当行为/不当履行misfeasance替代责任vicarious liability侵犯隐私privacytorts侵扰他人私生活intrusion不正当竞争competitive torts倾销dumpingLiability for negligence 过失责任Remedies 损害赔偿Defamation 诽谤Misrepresentation 虚假表述Trespass 非法侵入Product liability 产品责任Damages 赔偿金Punitive d amages 惩罚性赔偿金Discrete 分离的Thestatuteoflimitations 诉讼时效Tavern 客栈Hatchet 短柄小斧；言归于好Integrity 完整Prima facie case 表面上证据确凿的案件Impediment 妨碍Quare clausum fregit 缘何侵入私地令Intermeddle 干涉Dispossess 剥夺Misfeasance 错误行为Agrarian 土地的，农村的Public nuisance 公共公害Omission 疏忽；懈怠Entrant 参加者Satisfaction 清偿Negligentmisrepresentation 过失的虚假表述Sedition 煽动Loathsome 令人讨厌的Duty o f c are 注意义务Incompatible 矛盾的Disparagement 轻视Revelation 披露分担contribution所有权人owner自然危险情况natural hazards被许可人licensee诱惑性公海原则attractive nuisance doctrine 商业被邀请人businessinvitee懈怠不作为/不作为nonfeasance低于成本销售salesbelowcost盗用他人肖像权appropriation扭曲他人形象public disclosure of private life 虚假宣传falseadvertising雇主负责制respondent superiorCivil liability 民事责任Invasionofprivacy 侵犯隐私Fraud 欺诈Conversion 侵犯他人财产Trespass to land/chattels 侵犯他人土地/财产Restitution 返还原物，赔偿金Compensatory damages 补偿性伤害赔偿金Special damages 特定损害赔偿金Affinity 亲切关系Causation 因果关系Cause in fact 事实上的原因Proximate cause 最近原因Malice 恶意Blackout 灯火管制；暂时失去知觉Res Ipsa Loquitur 让事实说话Foreseeability 预见性Tort-feasor 侵权行为人Misconduct 行为不当Non-feasance 不行为Nuisance 妨害行为Private n uisance 私人妨害Contributory negligence 混合过失Confinement 拘禁Indemnity 补偿Malpractice 玩忽职守Libel 书面诽谤Consortium 配偶的地位和权利Venereal 性交的Unchastity 放荡Falselight 扭曲他爱人形象Deceive 欺诈Competitive torts 侵权竞合 Premises 房地产Palm off 哄骗Wherewithal 为做某事而需要的钱 Legal c ause 法定原因，近因 Assailant 攻击者 Defect 瑕 疵Accrue 利息等的自然增值；诉讼的发生 Awritoftrespass侵害令状Confinement 监禁 Deliberation 深思熟虑Trespass de bonis asportate 带走他人动产 Dispossess 剥夺占有 Blackout 失去知觉 Res ipsa Loquitur 不言自明Per c uriam 全庭审Bystander旁观者Impliedwarranty默示担保Entrant 新工作者 ;进入者 Liable 有责任的 Recreationalpremises 娱乐场所 Caveat emptor 顾客留心（一经出售概不负责）Statutesofrepose除斥期间Charitable immunity慈善事业免责Vicarious liability 替代责任Restatement (second) of torts 民事侵权行为重述 （ 第 二 版 ） Prosser 普罗塞（美国杰出法官）part 8双重主义： dualsovereignty 犯罪意图： mensrea联邦和州监狱： prison 或 penitentiary无罪推定： presumption of innocence正当程序： dueprocess 自证其罪： self-incrimination悬而未决的陪审团： hung jury 不抗辩： no contest/nolo contendere 双重危境： double jeopardyIdiosyncratic 独特的 Pass off 冒充 Recoup 重获 Disclose 告 知 Supersede 取代 Warranty 担保；保单 Willful and wanton 放任的Vicarious liability 雇主责任，替代别人的责任 Intent 主观 Volition 意愿 Malice 预谋 Vandal 蓄意破坏者 Proximate cause 近因 Calculus of risk 风险预测计算 But-for causation 若非因果关系 Joint and s everal liability共同连带责任The impact rule 影响规则 Premises liability 场所责任 Nuisance 妨 害Dangerous instrumentality doctrine危险工具Criminal assailants刑事攻击者Caveat lessee 警告承租人Misdiagnosis 错误的诊断 Municipal immunity 市场免责Defamation诽谤Prima facie cause of action诉讼的初步原因Reasonably p rudent p erson合理谨慎的人商业条款： Commerce Clause 夜晚破门入户企图犯重罪： burglary 联邦刑事诉讼法规： Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure排除合理怀疑： proof beyond reasonable doubt隐私权： rightofprivacy以第五条修正案作为辩护理 由P ：lead the Fifth失审：mistrial认罪协商： pleabargainingAcquitted 无罪actusreus ：犯罪行为Allege ：声称Bail：保释bill of attainder ：未经审批直接判有罪Burglary ：闯入他人室内并实施其他犯罪Causation ：犯罪行为和结果之间的因果联系Circumstantial e vidence 旁证Confession：认罪Conspiracy ：共谋Culpable ：有罪的Diplomatic immunity ：外交豁免Entrapment ：诱捕Expostfacto ：溯及既往的First degree murder ：一级谋杀Indictment 刑事起诉状Involuntary manslaughter 因放任或过失在实施其他犯罪行为时造成他人死亡Knock and announce rule 警察搜查时的程序要求Larceny 盗窃Misdemeanor 轻罪Mitigatingcircumstances 罪行减轻情节Motive 犯罪动机Openingstatement 开庭陈述Parole 有条件释放，假释Peremptory challenge 无须理由要求陪审员回避Petty offence 轻微违法行为Police interrogation 警察讯问Probation 缓刑Provocation 挑衅，激怒Reasonable d oubt 合理怀疑Seizure 没收Sheriff 法警，警长Subpoena 传讯，强制传唤Treason 叛国罪Extradition 引渡Federalcriminalstatutes 联邦刑事法规Fictitious=fraudulent 欺骗性的；虚构的County jail 郡的看守所Conviction 定罪Accused ：被告Aforethought：预谋的Asphyxia ：窒息Bigamy 重婚罪Briber y：行贿罪capital p unishment ：死刑challenge for cause ：在陪审员资格审查中因法定原因要求陪审员回避Coercion ：强制Consent ：赞成，同意Corpus delicti ：犯罪事实Detention ：拘留Embezzle ：贪污Euthanasia ：安乐死Felony：重罪Habeas corpus 人身保护令Intoxication 中毒，喝醉Justifiable homicide 有正当理由杀人（如执行死刑）Knowingly 故意的犯罪心理MirandaWarning 米兰达警告Mistrial 因程序问题而导致的无效审判Money laundering 洗钱Obstruction of justice 妨碍司法公证Pardon 赦免Penal c ode 刑法典Perpetrator 犯罪者Plea b argaining 辩诉交易Presumption of innocence 无罪推定Prosecute 提起公诉Public defender 公设辩护律师Searchwarrant 搜查令Sentence 刑事判决，量刑Statutoryrape 法定强奸罪Summons 传票传唤Preponderance of t he evidence 优势证据原则Falsify 伪造Imprisonment 监禁Community service 社区义工Bail bondsmen 保释担保人Corrections officers 狱警Dismiss the charge 撤销指控Wrongfuldeath 错误致死More-than-ordinary=recklessness=criminal negligence 轻率Misperceives reality 对现实认识错误Drug paraphernalia 毒品相关设备Man-endangering 危害到人Strict liability law 严格责任法律Proportionality principle 比例原则Fine 罚金Warrantless arrest 无证逮捕Information 检察院起诉书Excessive bail 过高的保释Judge-made doctrine 法官造法原则MirandaWarnings 米兰达警告Wiretapping statute 窃听法Detention 拘留Grand Jury Appearance 陪审团出席Hot Pursuit 越境追捕Custody 保管；监护Preliminary hearing 预审听证Suppression hearings 听证会Juror opposition 陪审员的反对Right to counsel 获得律师辩护的权利guilty plea 有罪答辩potential penalty 潜在的惩罚paroleterm 假释期限plea bargaining 认罪协商，辩诉交易prosecutorial vindictiveness 报复性起诉hearsay 传闻证据，道听途说harsher sentence 更严厉的判决reconviction 再判决；重新判决atypical and s ignificant hardship 非典型及重大困境，异常而重大的困苦felony murder 谋杀重罪sanity requirement 理智的需求mentalretardation 智力缺陷，精神发育迟缓first appeal 第二审；第一次上诉retroactivity 溯及既往probation 缓刑penologicalinterests 刑罚学利益medical malpractice 医疗事故；医疗纠纷；医Speedy jury trial 快速陪审团Incarcerate （被)监禁Careless/negligent 过失、疏忽大意Unintentional conduct 无意识行为Mistake of law 对法律认识错误Malicious behavior 邪恶行为Culprit 犯罪嫌疑人Gravity 严重性Infraction 侵害Arson 纵火Self-defense 自卫Infamous crime 不名誉罪Exclusive r ule 排除规则Fruit of the p oisonous tree 毒树之果Causal chain 因果关系Parole revocation 假释撤销Station House Detention 派出所拘留DeadlyForce 致命暴力Evanescentevidence 容易消失的证据Waiver 豁免；弃权Stand trial 提起诉讼Burdenofproof 举证责任Inconsistentverdict 不一致的判决Confront w itness 与证人对质plea agreemen 认罪协议tdefense c ounsel 辩护律师fatal 致命的；毁灭性的disproportionate 不成比例的，比例失调的confirmation 证明; 确认resentence 重新判决de novo 重新, 更始jury sentencing 陪审团的判决proportionality 比例原则，（行动、处罚等的）相称原则，恰当性lethalforce 致命武器insane 精神失常的recidivist statutes 累犯法frivolous 轻率的parole 假释imprisonment 关押，监禁contraband 走私，走私品unbiased 公正的；不偏不倚的；无偏见的疗过失double jeopardy 一事不再理原则juvenile proceedings 未成年人诉讼程序sentence enhancer 强化判决collateral estoppel 间接禁反言quasi-criminal 准刑事案；准刑事性；准刑事犯罪prostitute 妓女duly 及时的，适时的balance 差额；结余pertinent 有关的warrant 批捕令，搜查令MIMIC 模仿grandjurytestimony 大陪审团作证trespassory 非法盗窃exclusionary 排斥（性）的；排除在外的exercisestatutory law 成文法，制定法slander 口头诽谤invasion 侵略；侵入homicide 杀人行为maladjusted 失调的；不能适应环境的deus ex machina 解围的人或事件supervision 监督;管理firearm 火器，尤指手枪或步枪conversion 财产转换，兑换bribe 贿赂，行贿duress 强迫，胁迫，威胁false pretenses 欺诈，诈骗amicus curiae 法庭之友skips bail 跳过保释acquit 判决无罪，宣告无罪，开释nullification 无效;废弃mandatory 强制的，义务的contraband 走私attorneygeneral 首席检察官，司法部长grand jury 大陪审团burden 责任，义务prison i nmates 牢犯empanel 选任（陪审员）commencement 开端，开始separate sovereign 独立主权forfeiture 没收；丧失innocent owner 无辜所有主，无过错所有人exigent 紧急的；迫切的accusatory 控告的，控诉的suppress 禁止，使止住handcuff 上手铐prima f acie c ase 表面上证据确凿的案件wingspan 翼幅；翼展Criminal Procedure L aw (CPL) 刑事诉讼法defraud 欺诈magistrate 地方法官，治安官the Rosario doctrine 罗萨里奥学说、理论preponderance 优势；多数battery 殴打罪libel（书面）诽谤extortion 强取；敲诈；勒索malum in se 不法, 不法行为responsiblecorporateofficer 公司管理负责人员forgery 伪造，伪造的文书、签名等misappropriation 侵吞，挪用，滥用;私吞wirefraud 网络诈骗，电信诈骗espionage 侦察;间谍活动assault 突袭，侵犯（人身），威胁kidnapping 绑架searchwarrant 搜查证white collar crime 白领犯罪double-jeopardy 一事不再理原则conspiracy 阴谋，同谋，串谋，共谋closing statements 结束的控词nolocontendere 无罪申诉（刑事诉讼中，被告不认罪但又放弃申辩）prerequisite 先决条件，前提borne by 由……。
法律术语英语词汇
法律术语英语词汇draft 法案,草案Government bill 政府议案to pass a bill, to carry a bill 通过议案to enact a law, to promulgate a law 颁布法律ratification, confirmation 批准law enforcement 法律的实施to come into force 生效decree 法令clause 条款minutes 备忘录report 判例汇编codification 法律汇编legislation 立法legislator 立法者jurist 法学家jurisprudence 法学legitimation 合法化legality, lawfulness 法制,合法legal, lawful 合法的,依法的to contravene a law, to infringe a law, to break a law 违法outlaw, outside the law 超出法律范围的offender 罪犯to abolish 废止,取消rescission, annulment 废除,取消repeal, revocation, annulment 废除(法律) cancellation, annulment, invalidation 废除(合同) cancellation (支票)作废annulment 撤消(遗嘱)repeal rescission 撤消(判决)revocation 撤消immunity 豁免,豁免权〖第一范文网整理该文章，版权归原作者、原出处所有。
〗disability, legal incapacity 无资格nonretroactive character 不溯既往性prescription 剥夺公权attainder 公民权利的剥夺和财产的没收constitutional law 宪法canon law 教会法规common law 习惯法criminal law 刑法administrative law 行政法civil law 民法commercial law, mercantile law 商法law of nations 万国公法,国际法international law 国际法natural law 自然法labour laws 劳工法fiscal law 财政法Civil Suit Law, Code of civil law 民事诉讼法Criminal Law 刑事诉讼法Military Law 军法Conscript Law 兵役法Copyright Law 著作权法penal code 刑法典code of mercantile law 商法典civil rights 民事权利,公民权利right of asylum 避难权human rights, rights of man 人权(customs) duties 关税death duty, death tax 遗产税royalties 版税action of debt 债务诉讼acquit 无罪adjourn 暂时停止执行administrative decision 行政判决结果ad damnum 主张一定数额的赔偿金adverse judgement 不利的判决affidavit 传票送达人所写的切结书affirm 确定原判决affirm defence 积极的抗辩agency stage 行政机关的裁决agency hearing 听证会allegation 主张的事实american law 美国法an ex parte hearing 一方当事人到庭说明an adversary hearing 双方当事人到庭辩论answer 答辩状appellate jurisdiction 上诉管辖权appeal 上诉appellant 上诉人appellee 被上诉人appropriate 永久占有arrest the judgement 暂时终止法院判决结果arraignment 刑事案件法官与当事人之间安排案件的程序assigned counsel 公设辩护人assumpsit 承诺履行bailment 寄托制度bail 保释beyond the reasonable doubt 超越合理的怀疑bill of Middlesex 早期诉讼当事人向国王秘书处申请的令状，同意发给后才能到国王法院进行诉讼bailliff 法庭内的法警bias 偏见bench of conference 到法官室或法官面前进行会议bond 提供担保burden of proof 举证责任case law 案例法cause of action 起诉理由chancellor 衡平法官chancery division 衡平法庭circuit court 巡回法院civil law 大陆法civil right act 人权法案civil procedure 民事诉讼法clerk 书记官closing argument 诉讼结论co－defedant 共同被告common law 普通法、习惯法、一致法、共同法compurgation 宣誓采证法compurgatory 宣誓采证法中的证人complaint 起诉状concurrent jurisdiction 竞合管辖权consideration 约因consortium 婚姻生活权；配偶权；亲权contempt of court 藐视法庭罪contract under seal 封印契约contributory negligence 加工过失corpus juris secundum 美国法律百科全书counterclaim 反诉court of common pleas 民诉法院court of king's bench 王室法院court of exchequer 财务法院court of exchequer chamber 财务上诉法院country court 乡镇法院court of common bench 民诉法院court of chancery 衡平法院court of justice of the peace 地方治安法院court of probate 遗嘱继承法院court of divorce 婚姻法院court of appeal in chancery 衡平上诉法院court of crown cases reserved 皇室上诉法院court of assize 巡回法院court of outside the united kingdom 英国境外各法院court of first instance 第一审法院court of second instance 第二审法院court of the international trade 国际贸易法院court of appeals for the federal circuit 联邦巡回上诉法院covenant 封印契约赔偿令状cross claim 被告间诉讼cross examnation 复向对方提出之证人curia regis 国王的法院damages 损害赔偿debt 返还确定金钱的令状decree 衡平法院作成的判决deductive reasoning 演绎法default judgement 一造判决defendant 被告defendant in error 被上诉人demurrer 驳回deposition 诘问内容作成的笔录detinue 非法留置的动产回复令状dialectical reasoning 论理（辩证）方法direct examination 诘问自己提出辩证direct verdict 法官指示陪审团作出直接判决discovery process 发现程序dismiss 驳回dissenting opinion 不同意见书district court 地方法院diversity jurisdiction 多元管辖权docket 案件登陆dual system 双轨并行制度due process 正当程序ejectment 不动产侵害令状en banc 法院全体法官共同审理equatible right衡平上的权利equatible defence 衡平抗辩estate 遗产ex post facto 溯及既往expert witness 专家证人express mention 明示其一排除其他原则expressio unius est exclusio alterius 明示其一排除其他原则exclusive jurisdiction 排他的管辖权exclusionary rule 证据排除法则eyre system 巡回制度felony 重罪foreman of jury 陪审团主席forms of action 严格的诉讼形式forum 法院fountain of all justices 正义的源泉freehould interest in land 对土地有完全权利者general assumpsit 不当得利令状general jurisdiction 一般管辖权geografhic jurisdiction 地域管辖权grand jury 大陪审团habeas corpus 人身保护令状hearsay evidence 传闻证据high court of justice 高级法院holding 法院判决house of lords 上议院house of commons 下议院hearing 听证会impeach 质疑证人的可信度impleader 第三人诉讼implied promise 默示承诺in personam jurisdiction 对人诉讼independent source rules 独立咨询取得的证据indictment 起诉inductive reasoning 归纳法inevitable discovery rule 当然发现原则inferior court 美国联邦法院第一级法院统称小法院information 检察官的起诉状in good faith 诚信善意原则injunction 禁止命令instruction 法官向陪审团作指示interlocutory appeal 中间上诉intermediate appellate court 中间上诉法院inerrogatory 诘问的问题issues 争点joint and several liability 连带赔偿责任judicial act 司法法案judicial committee of the privy council 枢密院司法委员会judgement on the verdict 确定原判决judgement notwithstanding the verdict 自行判决jurisdiction over the subjuct matter 对物诉讼jury 陪审团juvenile court 青少年法院judgement 法官作成的判决king's bench division 王室法庭king's council国王的咨询会议民商法学与经济法学专业词汇〖文字大小：大中小〗〖打印〗〖收藏到：QQ 百度雅虎〗〖关闭〗元宵短信元宵彩信民商法学与经济法学专业词汇Civil Laws, Commercial Laws and Economic Laws按照出资比例：in proportion to one’s respective contributions to the investment办理注销登记：cancel the registration被代理人：the principal被侵权人the infringed本人名义：in one’s name标的subject matter补偿制度compensation system不动产登记制Lot and Block System财产法property law财产的添附accretion of property; property accession财产抵押权property mortgage财产继承权：the right of inheritance财产关系和人身关系：property relationships and personal relationships财产管理人property administrator; custodian of property财产混同confusion; hotchpot财产留置权encumbrance采用书面形式：in writing仓单warehouse voucher草签合同initial a contract; sign a referendum contract; ad referendum contract长期合同long-term contract偿付能力solvency capability of reimbursement超越代理权：beyond the scope of one’s power of agency撤消合同cancellation of contract撤销合同cancel a contract; rescind a contract; avoid a contract撤销权right of rescission; right of revocation 撤销要约revocation of offer; revoke an offer撤销遗赠cancellation o will; revocationi of will承运人actual fault of the carrier承运人的留置权carrier’s lien诚信原则principle of good faith诚实信用原则：principle honesty and credibility; principle of honestry and good faith; good faith principle ; bona fide principle船舶承租人charterer船舶抵押权right of mortgage with respect to a ship; mortage of the ship; ship mortgage船舶抵押权的设定establishment of mortgage of the ship船舶抵押的消灭extinguishments of the mortgage of the ship船舶抵押权登记registration of ship mortgage船舶留置权possessory lien; lien of ship村民委员会：the village committee惩罚性的损害赔偿punitive damages乘人之危：take advantage of one’s unfavorable position处分财产dispose of properties处分权act of disposition处分原则principle of disposition代理民事活动：be represented in civil activities by 代理权终止：the expiration of one’s power of agency单独承担的责任undivided responsibility单方法律行为unilateral obligation单方行政行为unilateral administrative act等价有偿：making compensation for equal value 对等原则principle of reciprocity对价consideration对抗措施counter measure对人权right in personam; personal right对世权real right; right in rem恶意串通：conspire maliciously恶意行为ill will mala fides法人judicial person; legal body法人的权利能力legal capacity of juristic person 法人的责任能力capacity for responsibility of juristic person法人权限corporate power法人人格corporate personality法人身份status of a legal person法人团体corporation法人资格corporate capacity法人组织章程：the articles of association of the legal person负共同连带责任liable jointly and severally负全部责任bear all responsibilities; in all charge 负有解释的义务accountable负有连带义务的每个债务人：each of the joint debtors附带的条件incident附带要求contingent claim附带原因contributory cause; inherent cause附条件的民事法律行为：conditional civil juristic acts附条件的权利conditional right赋予权力entitle个体工商户：individual businesses个人合伙：individual partnership各尽所能，按劳分配from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs给付定金：leave a deposit with the other party工商行政管理机关：the administrative agency for industry and commerce公民基本义务fundamental duties of citizens合同contract合同法contract law合同副本copies of the contract合同规定contract provisions/stipulations合同履行地法lex loci contractus合同期限contract period (or contract term)合同条款contract terms (or contract clause) 合同有效期contract life合同正本originals of the contract合伙人：partners合议制collegial system核准登记的经营范围：within the range approved and registered恢复原状recovery of original state; restitution; restoration of he original conditions; retitutio in integrum集体所有制企业：an enterprise under collective ownership技术合同纠纷案件controversy over a technology contract监护人：guardian经主管机关核准登记：approved and registered by the competent authority居民委员会：the neighborhood committee履行监护职责：fulfill duty of guardianship埋藏物、隐藏物：buried or concealed object买卖、出租、抵押、转让：be sold, leased, mortgaged or transferred农村承包经营户：leaseholding farm households平等主体：civil subjects with equal status企业法人被撤销：the dissolution of an enterprise as legal person企业法人分立、合并：the division and merger of an enterprise as legal person企业法人解散：disbanding of an enterprise as legal person契约自由liberty of contract取得不当得利：profits acquired improperly and without a lawful basis取得法人资格：be qualified as a legal person全民所有制企业：an enterprise owned by the whole people让与alien; alienate; assign; cede让与的利益benefit of cession让与权benefit of cessioni设定义务的规则rule of imposing duty设立、变更、终止民事关系：establish, change or terminate civil relationship所有权ownership书面合同 a written contract双倍返还定金：repay the deposit in double双方法律行为bilateral legal transaction擅自变更或者解除（民事法律行为）：alter or rescind one’s act arbitrarily他物权right over the property of another提供一定的财产作为抵押物：offer a specific property as a pledge违反合同breach of contract委托代理：entrusted agency委托代理人：an entrusted agent无过错责任liability without negligence无民事行为能力人：a person having no capacity for civil conduct无因管理：act as manager or provide services in order to protect another person’s interests when he is not legally or contractually obligated to do so 下落不明one’s whereabouts have been unknown限制民事行为能力人：a person with limited capacity for civil conduct享有连带权利的每个债权人：each of the joint creditors行使代理权：exercise the power of agency宣告为无（限制）民事行为能力人：declare …to be a person to be without or with limited capacity for civil conduct遗失物、漂流物：lost-and-found objects, flotsam以抵押物折价或者以变卖抵押物的价款优先得到偿还：to keep the pledge to offset the debt or have priority in satisfying his claim out of the proceeds from the sale of the pledge以合法形式掩盖非法目的：perform under the guise of legitimate acts which conceal illegitimate purposes以欺诈、胁迫的手段：as a result of cheating or coercion 意思表示show one’s intention意思表示真实：the intention expressed is genuine优先购买的权利：a right of pre-emption优先权priority, preemptive right有过错的一方：the erring party有连带责任的conjunctly and severally有权向债务人追偿：have the right to claim repayment from the debto造成财产损失：cause any property loss责任能力capacity for responsibility责任年龄capacity of responsibility; year of discretion债的标的object of obligation债的发生creation of obligation债的消灭extinction of obligation占有人有权留置该财产：the possessor shall have a lien on the property指定代理：appointed agency执行合同carry out a contract, execute/implement/fulfill/perform a contract主要办事机构：the main administrative office追偿：claim compensation from住所：domicile法律专业词汇（法理、法制史、宪法学）Jurisprudence, History of Legal Systems and Constitution按照法律规定according to law按照确定的份额分享权力：be entitled to rights in proportion to his proper share of the credit按照确定的份额分担义务：assume obligations in proportion to his proper share of the debt案例教学法case system案例汇编case book; case report; law report柏拉图Plato《保护人权与基本自由公约》(1950) Convention for the Protection of Human Rights andFundamental Freedoms, 1950（罗）被视为be deemed as被宣布为非法be outlawed; be declared illegal比较法comparative law比较法学comparative jurisprudence比较法学派school of comparative jurisprudence 比较法制史comparative legal history比较分析法method of comparative analysis比较刑法comparative penal law比较刑法学comparative penal jurisprudence必然因果关系positive causal relationship边缘法学borderline jurisprudence变通办法adaptation; accommodation补充规定supplementary provision补救办法remedial measures不成文法unwritten law不成文宪法unwritten constitution不动产所在地法律law of the place where the real property is situated; lex loci rei immobilisci不可分割的权利impartible right不可抗力force majuere不可侵犯性inviolability不可让与性inalienability不履行法律义务non-performance of obligation不要式行为informal act不要因的法律行为non-causal juristic act不因实效而丧失的权利imprescriptible right不作为abstain from an act; act of omission部门法department law部门规章regulation参照consult参照具体情况in the light of actual conditions参照原文consult the original查士丁尼法典Code Justinian; Codex Justinianus 查士丁尼法规汇编Authenticum超出法律范围的outside of law超出法律权限的extralegal 超过权限exceed authority; beyond jurisdiction成文法written law成文宪法written constitution冲突法conflict of laws; rules of conflict冲突规则conflict rule; rule of conflict除（本法）另有规定外except for otherwise stipulated (by this law)除外条款provisory clause除外责任条款exclusion clause触犯公共利益encroach on the public interests触犯国际利益go against the state’s interests触犯人民利益encroach on the interests of the people; go against the people’s interests传统法律观念traditional ideas of law纯粹法学pure theory of law次要法规by law次要规则secondary rule从宽解释原则doctrine of liberal construction从权利accessory right达到法定年龄come of age大法the fundamental law大法官Lord High Chancellor大法官法院Court of Chancery大陆法系Continental Legal System大律师barrister《大明律》Criminal Law of the Ming Dynasty （中）大陪审团grand jury《大清律例》the Criminal Laws of the Qing Dynasty (中)《大宪章》(1215) Great Charter, 1215(英)单行法规specific regulations单一法律体系unitary legal system单一制政府unitary government但书proviso当代法学动向current trend of jurisprudence当然解释natural interpretation党纪国法party discipline and the law of the country道德规范norm of morality道德义务moral obligation《德国民法典》German Civil code德拉古Draco地方各级人民代表大会local people’s congresses at different levels地方各级人民法院local people’s courts at different levels地方各级人民检察院local people’s procuratorates at different levels地方各级人民政府local people’s governments at different levels第二读second reading第三读third reading二元论the dualistic theory二元君主立宪制dual constitutional monarchy system二元论the dualistic theory二元论者dualist二元制bicameral system法的本质the nature of law法的变化changes of law法的定义definition of law法的发展development of law法的分类divisions of law法的概念concepts of law法的规范作用normalized usage of law法的继承succession of law法律的理想ideal of law法律的权威authority of law法律的失效lapse of law法律的实施administration of law; law enforcement法律的适用application of law法律的统一unification of law 法律的推定presumption of law法律的推理analogy of law法律的完整性integrity of law法律的效力范围force’s scale of law法律的效力形式force’s form of law法律的修改alteration of law法律的演进evolutin of law法律的原理principle of law法律地位平等equal in legal status法律对人的效力personal act of law编纂法律方法legal methodology法律分类classification of law法律赋予权力authority conferred by law法律改革law reform法律概念legal concept法律根据legal basis法律工作者legal professional法律关系legal relation法律关系的运行process of legal relation法律关系客体object of legal relation法律关系主体subject of legal relation法律规定provisions of law法律规范norm of law法律规范的逻辑结构logical structure of legal rule法律规则体系system of legal rules法律含义intendment of law法律另有规定：otherwise stipulated by law法律现象legal phenomenon法律研究legal research法律要件legal requirement法律依据legal basis法律意见legal advice法律意见书legal opinion法律意识law-consciousness法律意义legal sense法律用语legal language法律与正义先验论 a prior theory of law andjustice法律渊源source of law法律原本注释gloss法律原理legal doctrines法律原则principle of legality法律援助legal aid法律约束legal binding; legal restraint法律责任legal responsibility法律责任的道义基础moral basic of legal obligation法律责任的归结imputaton of legal responsibility 法律责任的认定determination of legal responsibility法律责任的执行enforcement of legal responsibility法律责任客体object of legal responsibility法律责任主体subject of legal responsibility法律哲学philosophy of law; philosophie du droit （法）；philosophia juris法律政策policy of the law法律职业道德legal ethics法律指导legal counsel法律制裁legal sanction法律制度regime of law; legal system法律秩序legal order法律主体资格capacity as a subject of law法律主张proposition of law法律属地原则territoriality of laws法律著述legal literature法律专家legal expert法律专业legal profession法律专著和教科书legal treatise and textbook法律咨询legal advice法律尊严legal sanctity法盲legal illiterates法权right法社会学sociology of law 汉英法律专业词汇（法理、法制史、宪法学）Jurisprudence, History of Legal Systems and Constitution法系legal system法协会law society法学jurisprudence法学博士doctor of jurisprudence法学导论leading principles of law法学的范畴体系the system of categories of jurisprudence法学的范畴意识the consciousness of category of jurisprudence法学的基石范畴fundamental categories of jurisprudence法学方法method of jurisprudence法学方法论methodology of jurisprudence法学会law society法学教科书law textbooks法学理论theory of law; legal theory法学权威an academic authority in law法学士bachelor of law法学体系system of jurisprudence法学通论first principles of law法学院faculty of law; law school法医forensic medicine法医学forensic medicine法院court法院调查judicial investigation法院管辖权competence of court法院管辖以外的extrajudicial法院判决court decision法院系统court structure法院组织法judicature act法则articles法哲学philosophy of law法制legal institution法制传统tradition of law system法制的精神spirit of legality法制的尊严dignity of the legal system法制观念legal concept法制观念淡薄very weak in the understanding of law法制教育legal education; education of legal system法制史legal history; history of legal system法治rule of law法治的机制the mechanism of rule of law法治的要素the element of rule of law非实质的immaterial非营利的non-profit非约束性条款permissive provision废止法律annulment of law分别管辖权separate jurisdiction分别财产制separation of property regime分别规定separate provision分担责任share the responsibility分工负责，互相配合，互相制约divide responsibility for their own work; coordinate their efforts and check each other分工负责制division of labor responsibility system分级管理different levels holding different responsibilities分配制度distribution system分析法理学analytical jurisprudence否决权power veto; veto power否认事实denial of facts服从法律amenable to law; subject to the law服从判决accept a judgment符合程序be in order符合法律be in conformity with law符合宪法constitutionality符合宪法的法律constitutional law符合原则be in conformity with the principle盖尤斯Gaius 概括裁定general verdict概括继承general succession干扰司法公正interference with course of justice 刚性条款entrenched clause刚性宪法rigid constitution岗位责任制post responsibility system高等法院high court; high court of justice高度集中highly centralize高度民主high level of democracy高度自治权high degree of autonomy高级法官senior judge高级法院superior court高级人民法院Higher People’s Court高级人民检察院Higher People’s Procuratortate 搁置set aside; abeyance格式条款clause of style公认的行为准则established standard of conduct规避法律in fraud of law规避义务evade obligations规范的法律规则normative rule of law规范法学normative jurisprudence规范性法律文件normalizative document of law规范性法律文件的规范化normalization of normative legal document国际法international law国际法学international jurisprudence过错方tort-feasor; wrongdoer过错推定原则doctrine of presumption过错责任liability for wrongs; tort liability海事法院court of admiralty《汉穆拉比法典》Code of Hammurabi合并条款consolidation of provisions合法的个人财产legal personal property合法地位legal status合法权益the lawful rights and interests合法行为lawful acts; legality of purpose合宪性constitutionality衡平法equity衡平法规则rule of equity衡平法学equity jurisprudence衡平法院Court of Chancery (美)；Court of Equity （英）后法取代前法 A later statute takes away the effect of a prior one.后法优于前法lex posterior derogat priori户籍所在地：the place where his residence is registered互为因果reciprocal causation基本法fundamental law基本法律规范basic norm of law基本方针basic policies基本权利和义务basic rights and duties基本司法概念和假设basic legal conception and assumption技术性法规technical legal rule家庭法family law建立法律关系create legal relations教会法canon law《教会法大全》Corpus Juris Canonici教会法学家decretalists解释法律的技术规则technical rule of interpretation解释权power of interpretation近因immediate cause禁治产人imbecile; interdicted person经常居住地：habitual residence经法律确认的ascertained by law经法律许可authorized by law经验法学scholastic theories of law纠问式审判trial by inspection or examination具有法律约束力的文件legally binding instrument 具有同等效力的with equal authenticity具有约束力的判例binding precedent绝对衡平法absolute equity 君主立宪制度constitutional monarchy开罗会议Cairo Conference凯恩斯主义keynesianism可撤销的法律行为revocable juristic act可让与性alienability可用法律强制执行的enforceable at law可预见的foreseeable可直接适用的法律directly applicable law可追溯的retrospective客观条件objective condition客观因素objective factor客体object扩充解释amplified interpretation理论法理学派theoretical jurisprudence school理性决定说theory of rational decision理性认识conceptual knowledge历史法学historical jurisprudence历史法学派historical school of law历史解释historical interpretation立法机构legislative body立法权law-making power; legislative power 立法委任权legislation mandate立法效力legislative effect立法议案bills立法者law-maker; legislator立宪constitutionalism利益冲突conflict of interests利害关系人interested person连带法律关系joint legal relations连带责任joint and several obligation论理解释logical interpretation罗马法Roman Law; Jus Romanum罗马法系Roman-Law System罗马皇帝优士丁尼一世Justinian I罗马法理学jurisprudential《罗马法律汇编》Roman Digest罗马法学派school of Romanists罗马－日耳曼法系Roman-Germanic family罗马私法Jus Privatum逻辑解释logical interpretation马伯里诉麦迪逊案Marbury vs. Madison马克思主义法律理论Marxism-leninism马克思主义法学Marxist jurisprudence马克思主义法学家Marxist jurist没有事实根据的unsubstantial美国国际法协会American Institute of International Law美国海事法庭Admiralty Courts of the U.S.A.美国联邦地区法院United States district courts美国联邦法官federal judge没有法律依据的lawless没有判决先例的案件case of first impression《民法大全》Corpus Juris Civilis民法典civil code民法法系Civil-Law System民法通则：General Principles of the Civil Law民法学science of civil law民事案件中“占有优势证据”的原则“by a preponderance of evidence”in civil cases民事权利能力：the capacity for civil rights民事权益：civil rights and interests 民事诉讼法学Civil Procedure Law民事制裁civil punishment; civil sanction民政部门：the civil affairs department明代法规laws and regulations of Ming Dynasty 明示或默示的express or implied默示表达communication by implication拿破仑法典The Code Napolean内部规章internal regulations纳妾制concubinage南京条约(1843) Treaty of Nanking, 1843拟制理论fiction theory拟制买卖mancipatio欧洲大陆法continental law偶然权利contingent right偶然因果关系fortuitous causal relationship偶然因素accidentalia偶因accidental cause排他的权利right to exclude all others派生的权利derived right派生取得derivative acquisition判例法系Case Law System普通法法系Common-Law System判例法系Case Law System判例汇编reports; reports of judgments普通法common lawAb initio从开始形容事件由开始时的状态，例如合约从开始便已经无效，称为“The contract was void ab initio”。
常用法律英语词汇(详细解释版)
AAb initioAb initio是拉丁文，其意思是“自开始之时”或“从头开始”，可以直接翻译为“自始”。
在法律英语中，ab initio的使用频率较高，比较常见。
如：ab initio mundi（有史以来），void ad initio（自始无效）等。
详细Accordaccord在普通英语中的含义是符合，一致，在法律英语中则表示和解或和解协议，指指债务人和一个债权人达成的、以偿还部分债务免除全部债务责任的协议。
如reach an accord达成和解协议，accord and satisfaction和解与清偿等。
Accused被告 Accused通常指刑事案件的被告，民事诉讼的被告称为Defendant；而申索案件中的被索偿的一方称为Respondent（答辩人）。
acquireacquire在普通英语中的含义是获得，获取，而且通常指通过后天的努力获得。
在法律英语中通常指对公司的购买，收购，我们通常所说的M&A，即是acquire的名词acquisition和merger的缩写。
如The foreign investor has acquired more than 10 PRC domestic enterprises engaging in related industries within a year. 外国投资者一年内并购中国境内关联行业的企业超过10个。
Acquittal罪名不成立刑事案件经审讯后，被告罪名不成立被释放，称为“The accused is acquitted”。
Acquittal是名词。
详见民法中和刑法中表达不同意思的“acquit”一文。
Actact在普通英语中的含义是行动，行为，在法律英语中通常理解为作为，与不作为forbear相对应。
如：Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the Minister may, on the recommendation of the Commission, direct the Commission to act or forbear from。
法律常用英语单词
法律常用英语单词AAb initioAb initio是拉丁文，其意思是“自开始之时”或“从头开始”，可以直接翻译为“自始”。
在法律英语中，ab initio的使用频率较高，比较常见。
如：ab initio mundi（有史以来），void ad initio（自始无效）等。
Accordaccord在普通英语中的含义是符合，一致，在法律英语中则表示和解或和解协议，指指债务人和一个债权人达成的、以偿还部分债务免除全部债务责任的协议。
如reach an accord达成和解协议，accord and satisfaction和解与清偿等。
Accused被告Accused通常指刑事案件的被告，民事诉讼的被告称为Defendant；而申索案件中的被索偿的一方称为Respondent（答辩人）。
Acquireacquire在普通英语中的含义是获得，获取，而且通常指通过后天的努力获得。
在法律英语中通常指对公司的购买，收购，我们通常所说的M&A，即是acquire的名词acquisition和merger的缩写。
如The foreign investor has acquired more than 10 PRC domestic enterprises engaging in related industries within a year. 外国投资者一年内并购中国境内关联行业的企业超过10个。
Acquittal罪名不成立。
刑事案件经审讯后，被告罪名不成立被释放，称为“The accused is acquitted”。
Acquittal是名词。
详见民法中和刑法中表达不同意思的“acquit”一文。
Actact在普通英语中的含义是行动，行为，在法律英语中通常理解为作为，与不作为forbear相对应。
如：Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the Minister may, on the recommendation of the Commission, direct the Commission to act or forbear from。
很全的一版法律英语词汇
很全的一版法律英语词汇引言法律英语是法律专业人士必备的一项重要技能。
无论是在法律实践中的法庭辩论，还是在法律文书的撰写中，合适的法律英语词汇都是至关重要的。
本文档旨在提供一个很全的法律英语词汇列表，帮助读者提高法律英语的水平。
一、通用法律术语w - 法律2.Legislation - 法规3.Statute - 法令4.Regulation - 规章5.Act - 法案6.Case - 案例7.Jurisdiction - 管辖权8.Court - 法院9.Judge - 法官10.A ttorney - 律师11.D efendant - 被告12.P lntiff - 原告13.W itness - 证人14.E vidence - 证据15.V erdict - 裁决二、合同法1.Contract - 合同2.Offer - 出价3.Acceptance - 接受4.Consideration - 对价5.Breach - 违约6.Performance - 履行7.Damages - 损害赔偿8.Termination - 终止9.Agreement - 协议10.C ounteroffer -还盘三、刑法1.Crime - 犯罪2.Offense - 违法行为3.Murder - 谋杀4.Robbery - 抢劫5.Theft - 盗窃6.Assault - 袭击7.Fraud - 欺诈8.Sentence - 判决9.Conviction - 定罪10.G uilty - 有罪11.I nnocent - 无罪四、知识产权法1.Copyright - 版权2.Trademark - 商标3.Patent - 专利4.Infringement - 侵权5.Intellectual Property - 知识产权6.License - 许可证7.Royalty - 版税8.Invention - 发明9.Trade Secret - 商业秘密10.F r Use - 合理使用五、公司法pany - 公司2.Shareholder - 股东3.Director - 董事4.Merger - 合并5.Acquisition - 收购6.Incorporation - 注册成立7.Bylaws - 法规章程8.Share - 股份9.Dividend - 红利10.B oard of Directors - 董事会六、劳动法1.Employment - 就业2.Employee - 员工3.Employer - 雇主4.Discrimination - 歧视5.Overtime - 加班6.Termination - 解雇7.Retaliation - 报复8.Worker’s Compensation - 工伤赔偿9.Collective Bargning - 集体协商10.M inimum Wage - 最低工资结论以上展示了一个很全的法律英语词汇列表，覆盖了通用法律术语以及一些常见的法律领域术语。
法律英语翻译的常用术语
监狱 prison检察官 procurator检察权 prosecutorial power检察委员会 procuratorial/prosecutorial committee 检察院 procuratorate法警 bailiff； court police法律文书 legal instruments/papers法律援助 legal aid法律咨询 legal consulting法庭辩论 court debate法庭调查 court investigation法定证据制度 system of legal evidence法官 judges法庭审理笔录 court record法庭审理方式 mode of court trial法庭庭长 chief judge of a tribunal法院 court法院公告 court announcement反诉 counterclaim反诉答辩状 answer with counterclaim反诉状 counterclaim犯罪嫌疑人 criminal suspect附带民事诉讼案件 a collateral civil action附带民事诉讼被告 defendant of collateral civil action复查 reexamination； recheck复验 reinspect高级法官 senior judge高级检察官 senior procurator高级人民法院 Higher People's Court告诉案件 case of complaint告诉才处理的案件 case accepted at complaint告诉申诉庭 complaint and petition division工读学校 work-study school for delinquent children公安部 Ministry of Public Security公安分局 public security sub-bureau公安厅 public security bureau at the levels of provinces，autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government公开审理 trial in public公开审判制度 open trial system公示催告程序 procedure of public summons for exhortation公诉案件 public-prosecuting case公诉词 statement of public prosecution公证机关 public notary office共同管辖 concurrent jurisdiction管辖 jurisdiction国际司法协助 international judicial assistance海事法院 maritime court合议庭 collegial panel合议庭评议笔录 record of deliberating by the collegiate bench和解 composition； compromise核对诉讼当事人身份 check identity of litigious parties恢复执行 resumption of execution回避 withdrawal混合式诉讼 mixed action基层人民法院 basic People's Court羁押期限 term in custody级别管辖 subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels 监视居住 living at home under surveillance监狱 prison检察官 procurator检察权 prosecutorial power检察委员会 procuratorial/prosecutorial committee检察院 procuratorate检察院派出机构 outpost tribunal of procuratorate简易程序 summary procedure鉴定结论 expert conclusion经济审判庭 economic tribunal径行判决 direct adjudication without sessions； judgement without notice纠问式诉讼 inquisitional proceedings拘传 summon by force； summon by warrant拘留所 detention house举报 information/report of an offence举证责任 burden of proof； onus probandi决定书 decision军事法院 military procuratorate开庭审理 open a court session开庭通知 notice of court session勘验笔录 record of inquest看守所 detention house可执行财产 executable property控告式诉讼 accusatory proceedings控诉证据 incriminating evidence控诉职能 accusation function扣押 distrain on； attachment扣押物 distress/distraint宽限期 period of grace劳动争议仲裁申请书 petition for labor dispute arbitration劳改场 reform-through-labor farm劳教所 reeducation-through-labor office类推判决的核准程序 procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence累积证据 cumulative evidence立案报告 place a case on file立案管辖 functional jurisdiction立案决定书 written decision of case-filing立案侦查 report of placing a case on file利害关系人 interested party临时裁决书 interim award律师见证书 lawyer's written attestation； lawyer's written authentication律师事务所 law office； law firm律师提前介入 prior intervention by lawyer免于刑事处分 exemption from criminal penalty民事案件 civil case民事审判庭 civil tribunal民事诉讼 civil action民事诉讼法 Civil Procedural Law扭送 seize and deliver a suspect to the police派出法庭 detached tribunal派出所 police station判决 judgement； determination判决书 judgement； determination； verdict （指陪审团作出的）旁证 circumstantial evidence陪审员 juror批准逮捕 approval of arrest破案 clear up a criminal case； solve a criminal case破产 bankruptcy； insolvency普通程序 general/ordinary procedure普通管辖 general jurisdiction企业法人破产还债程序 procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation起诉 filing of a lawsuit起诉 sue； litigate； prosecute； institution of proceedings上诉 appeal上诉人 appellant起诉状 indictment； information区县检察院 grassroots People's Procuratorate取保候审 the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving 缺席判决 default judgement人民调解委员会 People's Mediation Committee认定财产无主案件 cases concerning determination of property as qwnerless认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件cases concerning determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity。
法律英语常用词汇大全
法律英语常用词汇大全一、律师部分案件受理费court acceptance fee案情重大、复杂important and complicated case案由cause of action案子case包揽诉讼monopolize lawsuits被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件)被上诉人appellee被诉人respondent; defendant本案律师councel pro hac vice本地律师local counsel毕业证diploma; graduation certificate辩护词defense; pleadings辩护律师defense lawyer辩护要点point of defense辩护意见submission财产租赁property tenancy裁定书order; ruling; determination（指终审裁定）裁决书award（用于仲裁）裁决书verdict（用于陪审团）采信的证据admitted evidence; established evidence草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests查阅法条source legal provisions产权转让conveyancing出差go on errand; go on a business trip出国深造further study abroad出具律师意见书providing legal opinion出示的证据exhibit出庭appear in court传票summons; subpoena答辩状answer; reply代理词representation代理房地产买卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations代理仲裁agency for arbitration代写文书drafting of legal instruments待决案件pending case当事人陈述statement of the parties第三人third party吊销执业证revocation of lawyer license调查笔录investigative record调查取证investigation and gathering for evidence调解mediation调解书mediation二审案件case of trial of second instance发送电子邮件send e-mail法律顾问legal consultants法律意见书legal opinions法律援助legal aid法律咨询legal counseling法庭division; tribunal法学博士学位LL.D (Doctor of Laws)法学会law society法学课程legal courses法学硕士学位LL.M (Master of Laws)法学系faculty of law; department of law法学学士学位LL.B (Bachelor of Laws)J.D ( juris doctor缩写，美国法学学士)法学院law school法院公告court announcement反诉状counterclaim房地产律师real estate lawyer; real property lawyer非合伙律师associate lawyer非诉讼业务non-litigation practice高级合伙人senior partner高级律师senior lawyer各类协议和合同agreements and contracts公安局Public Security Bureau公司上市company listing公诉案件public-prosecuting case公证书notarial certificate国办律师事务所state-run law office国际贸易international trade国际诉讼international litigation国内诉讼domestic litigation合伙律师partner lawyer合伙制律师事务所law office in partner-ship; cooperating law ofice 合同审查、草拟、修改contract review, drafting and revision会见当事人interview a client会见犯罪嫌疑人interview a criminal suspect兼职律师part-time lawyer监狱prison; jail鉴定结论expert conclusion缴纳会费membership dues举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi决定书decision勘验笔录record of request看守所detention house抗诉书protest控告人accuser; complainant跨国诉讼transnational litigation劳动争议labor disputes劳动争议仲裁委员会arbitration committee for labor disputes 劳改场reform-through-labor farm; prison farm利害关系人interested party; party in interest律管处处长director of lawyer control department律师lawyer attorney; attorney at law律师惩戒lawyer discipline律师法Lawyer Law律师费lawyer fee律师函lawyer’s letter律师见证lawyer attestation/authentication律师见证书lawyer certification/authentication/witness律师卷宗lawyer’s docile; file律师刊物lawyer’s journal律师联系电话contact phone number of a lawyer律师事务所law office; law firm律师收费billing by lawyer律师网站lawyer website律师协会National Bar (Lawyer) Association律师协会会员member of Lawyer Association律师协会秘书长secretary general of Bar (Lawyer) Association 律师协会章程Articles of Lawyer Assocition律师业务室lawyer’s office律师执业证lawyer license律师助理assistant lawyer律师资格考试bar exam; lawyer qualification exam律师资格证lawyer qualification certificate民事案件civil case民事调解civil mediation民事诉讼civil litigation派出所local police station; police substation判决judgement(用于民事、行政案件);determination(用于终审);sentence(用于刑事案);verdict(由陪审团作出)旁证circumstantial evidence企业章程articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw 企业重组corporate restructure起诉状information; indictment取消律师资格disbar全国律师代表大会National Lawyer Congress缺席宣判pronounce judgement or determination by default人民法院People’s Court人民检察院People’s Procuratorate认定事实determine facts上诉案件case of trial of second instance; appellate case上诉人appellant上诉状petition for appeal涉外律师lawyers specially handling foreign-related matters申请复议administrative reconsideration petition申请加入律师协会application for admission to Law Association 申请人petitioner; claimant申诉案件appeal case申诉人（仲裁）claimant; plaintiff申诉书appeal for revision, petition for revision实习律师apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period实习律师证certificate of apprentice lawyer视听证据audio-visual reference material适用法律apply law to facts受害人victim书证documentary evidence司法部Ministry of Justice司法建议书judicial advise司法局Judicial Bureau司法局副局长deputy director of Judicial Bureau司法局局长director of Judicial Bureau司法统一考试uniform judicial exam送达service of process诉讼litigation; action; lawsuit诉讼当事人litigation party; litigious party诉讼业务litigation practice诉状complaint; bill of complaint; statement of claim推销法律服务promote/market legal service外国律师事务所foreign law office委托代理合同authorized representation contract委托代理人agent ad litem; entrusted agent委托授权书power of attorney物证material evidence嫌疑人criminal suspect项目融资project financing项目谈判project negotiating刑事案件criminal case刑事诉讼criminal litigation行政诉讼administrative litigation休庭adjourn the court; recess宣判pronounce judgement; determination宣誓书affidavit业务进修attendance in advanced studies一审案件case of trial of first instance与国外律师事务所交流communicate with foreign law firms 原告plaintiff证券律师securities lawyer证人证言testimony of witness; affidavit执行笔录execution record执业登记registration for practice执业范围scope of practice; sphere of practice; practice area 执业申请practice application执业证年检annual inspection of lawyer license仲裁arbitration仲裁案件arbitration case仲裁机构arbitration agency专门律师specialized lawyer专职律师professional lawyer; full-time lawyer撰写法律文章write legal thesis资信调查credit standing investigation自诉案件private prosecuting case二、诉讼法律案件case案件发回remand/rimit a case (to a low court)案件名称title of a case案卷材料materials in the case案情陈述书statement of case案外人person other than involved in the case案值total value involved in the case败诉方losing party办案人员personnel handling a case保全措施申请书application for protective measures报案report a case (to security authorities)被告defendant; the accused被告人最后陈述final statement of the accused被告向原告第二次答辩rejoinder被害人victim被害人的诉讼代理人victim’s agent ad litem被上诉人respondent; the appellee被申请人respondent被申请执行人party against whom execution is filed被执行人person subject to enforcement本诉principal action必要共同诉讼人party in necessary co-litigation变通管辖jurisdiction by accord辩护defense辩护律师defense attorney/lawyer辩护人defender辩护证据exculpatory evidence; defense evidence辩论阶段stage of court debate驳回反诉dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim驳回请求deny/dismiss a motion驳回上诉、维持原判reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling驳回诉讼dismiss an action/suit驳回通知书notice of dismissal驳回自诉dismiss/reject a private prosecution驳回自诉裁定书ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case补充答辩supplementary answer补充判决supplementary judgement补充侦查supplementary investigation不公开审理trial in camera不立案决定书written decision of no case-filing不批准逮捕决定书written decision of disapproving an arrest不起诉nol pros不予受理起诉通知书notice of dismissal of accusation by the court财产保全申请书application for attachment; application for property preservation裁定order; determination (指最终裁定)裁定管辖jurisdiction by order裁定书order; ruling裁决书award采信的证据admitted evidence查封seal up撤回上诉withdraw appeal撤诉withdraw a lawsuit撤销立案revoke a case placed on file撤销原判，发回重审rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial出示的证据exhibit除权判决invalidating judgement (for negotiable instruments)传唤summon; call传闻证据hearsay答辩answer; reply答辩陈述书statement of defence答辩状answer; reply大法官associate justices; justice大检察官deputy chief procurator代理控告agency for accusation代理申诉agency for appeal代理审判员acting judge代为申请取保候审agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving 弹劾式诉讼accusatory procedure当事人陈述statement of the parties当庭宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court地区管辖territorial jurisdiction地区检察分院inter-mediate People’s Procuratorate第三人third party调查笔录record of investigation定期宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date定罪证据incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence冻结freeze督促程序procedure of supervision and urge独任庭sole-judge bench独任仲裁员sole arbitrator对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施compulsory measures against impairment of civil action对席判决judgement inter parties二审trial of second instance二审案件case of trial of second insurance罚款impose a fine法定证据statutory legal evidence法定证据制度system of legal evidence法官judges法警bailiff; court police法律文书legal instruments/papers法律援助legal aid法律咨询legal consulting法庭辩论court debate法庭调查court investigation法庭审理笔录court record法庭审理方式mode of court trial法庭庭长chief judge of a tribunal法院court法院公告court announcement反诉counterclaim反诉答辩状answer with counterclaim反诉状counterclaim犯罪嫌疑人criminal suspect附带民事诉讼案件a collateral civil action附带民事诉讼被告defendant of collateral civil action复查reexamination; recheck复验reinspect高级法官senior judge高级检察官senior procurator高级人民法院Higher People’s Court告诉案件case of complaint告诉才处理的案件case accepted at complaint告诉申诉庭complaint and petition division工读学校work-study school for delinquent children公安部Ministry of Public Security公安分局public security sub-bureau公安厅public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government公开审理trial in public公开审判制度open trial system公示催告程序procedure of public summons for exhortation公诉案件public-prosecuting case公诉词statement of public prosecution公证机关public notary office共同管辖concurrent jurisdiction管辖jurisdiction国际司法协助international judicial assistance海事法院maritime court合议庭collegial panel合议庭评议笔录record of deliberating by the collegiate bench和解composition; compromise核对诉讼当事人身份check identity of litigious parties恢复执行resumption of execution回避withdrawal混合式诉讼mixed action基层人民法院basic People’s Court羁押期限term in custody级别管辖subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels监视居住living at home under surveillance监狱prison检察官procurator检察权prosecutorial power检察委员会procuratorial/prosecutorial committee检察院procuratorate检察院派出机构outpost tribunal of procuratorate简易程序summary procedure鉴定结论expert conclusion经济审判庭economic tribunal径行判决direct adjudication without sessions; judgement without notice纠问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings拘传summon by force; summon by warrant拘留所detention house举报information/report of an offence举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi决定书decision军事法院military procuratorate开庭审理open a court session开庭通知notice of court session勘验笔录record of inquest看守所detention house可执行财产executable property控告式诉讼accusatory proceedings控诉证据incriminating evidence控诉职能accusation function扣押distrain on; attachment扣押物distress/distraint宽限期period of grace劳动争议仲裁申请书petition for labor dispute arbitration劳改场reform-through-labor farm劳教所reeducation-through-labor office类推判决的核准程序procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence 累积证据cumulative evidence立案报告place a case on file立案管辖functional jurisdiction立案决定书written decision of case-filing立案侦查report of placing a case on file利害关系人interested party临时裁决书interim award律师见证书lawyer’s written attestation; lawyer’s written authentication律师事务所law office; law firm律师提前介入prior intervention by lawyer免于刑事处分exemption from criminal penalty民事案件civil case民事审判庭civil tribunal民事诉讼civil action民事诉讼法Civil Procedural Law扭送seize and deliver a suspect to the police派出法庭detached tribunal派出所police station判决judgement; determination判决书judgement; determination; verdict (指陪审团作出的)旁证circumstantial evidence陪审员juror批准逮捕approval of arrest破案clear up a criminal case; solve a criminal case破产bankruptcy; insolvency普通程序general/ordinary procedure普通管辖general jurisdiction企业法人破产还债程序procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation起诉filing of a lawsuit起诉sue; litigate; prosecute; institution of proceedings起诉状indictment; information区县检察院grassroots People’s Procuratorate取保候审the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving缺席判决default judgement人民调解委员会People’s Mediation Committee认定财产无主案件cases concerning determination of property as qwnerless认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件cases concerning determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity上诉appeal上诉人appellant上诉状petition for appeal少管所juvenile prison社会治安综合治理comprehensive treatment of social security涉外案件cases involving foreign interests涉外民事诉讼foreign civil proceedings涉外刑事诉讼foreign criminal proceedings申请人applicant; petitioner申请书petition; application for arbitration申请执行人execution applicant申诉人宣誓书claimant’s affidavit of authenticity申诉书appeal for revision; petition for revision神示证据制度system of divinity evidence神示制度ordeal system审查案件case review审查并决定逮捕examine and decide arrest审查起诉阶段stage of review and prosecution审理通知书notice of hearing审判长presiding judge审判长宣布开庭presiding judge announce court in session审判管辖adjudgement/trial jurisdiction审判监督程序procedure for trial supervision审判委员会judicial committee审判员judge审问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings生效判决裁定legally effective judgement/order胜诉方winning party省市自治区检察院higher People’s Procuratorate失踪和死亡宣告declaration of disappearance and death实（质）体证据substantial evidence实物证据tangible evidence实在证据real evidence示意证据demonstrative evidence视听证据audio-visual evidence收容所collecting post; safe retreat首席大法官chief justice首席检察官chief procurator受害人的近亲属victim’s immediate family受理acceptance受理刑事案件审批表registration form of acceptance of criminal case受送达人the addressee书记员court clerk书记员宣读法庭纪律court clerk reads court rules书证documentary evidence司法部Ministry of Justice司法机关judicial organizatons司法警察judicial police司法局judicial bureau司法厅judicial bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government司法协助judicial assistance死缓的复核judicial review of death sentence with a retrieve死刑复核程序procedure for judicial review of death sentence死刑复核权competence for judicial review of death sentence送达service of process送达传票service of summons/subpoena送达诉状service of bill of complaint搜查search诉sue; suit; action; lawsuit诉前财产保全property attachment prior to lawsuit诉讼litigation; lawsuit; sue; action诉讼保全attachment诉讼参加人litigious participants诉讼代理人agent ad litem诉状complaint; bill of complaint; state of claim特别程序special procedures提起公诉institute a public prosecution铁路法院railway court铁路检察院railroad transport procuratorate庭审程序procedure of court trial通缉wanted for arrest投案appearance退回补充侦查return of a case for supplementary investigation委托辩护entrusted defense未成年人法庭juvenile court无行政职务的法官associate judge无正当理由拒不到庭refuse to appear in court without due cause无罪判决acquittal, finding of “not guilty ”物证material evidence先予执行申请书application for advanced execution先予执行advanced execution刑事案件criminal case刑事拘留criminal detention刑事强制拘留criminal coercive/compulsory measures刑事审判庭criminal tribunal刑事诉讼criminal proceedings刑事诉讼法Criminal Procedural Law刑事自诉状self-incriminating criminal complaint行政案件administrative case行政审判庭administrative tribunal行政诉讼administrative proceedings行政诉讼法Administrative Procedural Law宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件cases concerning the declaration of disappearance and death 宣判笔录record of rendition of judgement选民资格案件cases concerning qualifications of voters询问证人inquire/question a witness训诫reprimand讯问笔录record of interrogation询问犯罪嫌疑人interrogate criminal suspect言词证据verbal evidence要求传唤证人申请书application for subpoena一裁终局arbitration award shall be final and binding一审trial of first instance一审案件case of trial of first instance应诉通知书notice of respondence to action有罪判决sentence; finding of “guilty”予审preliminary examinantion; pretrial原告plaintiff院长court president阅卷笔录record of file review (by lawyers)再审案件case of retrial再审申请书petition for retrial责令具结悔过order to sign a statement of repentance债权人会议creditors’meeting侦查阶段investigation stage侦查终结conclusion of investigation征询原、被告最后意见consulting final opinion of the plaintiff and defendant 证据evidence证据保全preserve evidence证据保全申请书application for evidence preservation证人证言testimony of witness; affidavit支付令payment order/warrant知识产权庭intellectual property tribunal执行程序procedure execution执行逮捕execution of arrest执行和解conciliation of execution执行回转recovery of execution执行庭executive tribunal执行异议objection to execution执行员executor执行中止discontinuance of execution执行终结conclusion of execution指定辩护appointed defense指定仲裁员声明statement of appointing arbitrator中级人民法院intermediate People’s Court中途退庭retreat during court session without permission仲裁arbitration仲裁被诉人respondent; defendant仲裁裁决award仲裁申请书arbitration仲裁申诉人claimant; plaintiff仲裁庭arbitration tribunal仲裁委员会arbitration committee仲裁协议arbitration agreement; clauses of arbitration仲裁员arbitrator主诉检察官principal procurator助理检察官assistant procurator助理审判员assistant judge专门法院special court专门管辖specific jurisdiction专属管辖exclusive jurisdiction追究刑事责任investigate for criminal responsibility自首confession to justice自诉案件private-prosecuting case自行辩护self-defense自由心证制度doctrine of discretional evaluation of evidence自侦案件self-investigating case最高人民法院the Supreme People’s Court最高人民检察院the Supreme People’s Procuratorate最后裁决书final award三、民事法律法律渊源source of law制定法statute判例法case law; precedent普通法common law特别法special law固有法native law; indigenous law继受法adopted law实体法substantial law程序法procedural law原则法fundamental law例外法exception law司法解释judicial interpretation习惯法customary law公序良俗public order and moral自然法natural law罗马法Roman Law私法private law公法public law市民法jus civile万民法jus gentium民法法系civil law system英美法系system of Anglo-American law大陆法系civil law system普通法common law大陆法continental law罗马法系Roman law system英吉利法English law衡平法equity; law of equity日尔曼法Germantic law教会法ecclesiastical law寺院法canon law伊斯兰法Islamic law民法法律规范norm of civil law授权规范authorization norm禁止规范forbidding norm义务性规范obligatory norm命令性规范commanding norm民法基本原则fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则principle of equality自愿原则principle of free will公平原则principle of justice等价有偿原则principle of equal value exchange 诚实信用原则principle of good faith行为act作为act不作为omission合法行为lawful act违法行为unlawful act民事权利权利能力civil right绝对权absolute right相对权relative right优先权right of priority先买权preemption原权antecedent right救济权right of relief支配权right of dominion请求权right of claim物上请求权right of claim for real thing形成权right of formation撤销权right of claiming cancellation否认权right of claiming cancellation解除权right of renouncement代位权subrogated right选择权right of choice承认权right of admission终止权right of termination抗辩权right of defense一时性抗辩权momentary right of defense永久性抗辩权permanent counter-argument right不安抗辩权unstable counter-argument right同时履行抗辩权defense right of simultaneous performance 既得权tested right期待权expectant right专属权exclusive right非专属权non-exclusive right人身权利personal right人权human right人格权right of personality生命健康权right of life and health姓名权right of name名称权right of name肖像权right of portraiture自由权right of freedom名誉权right reputation隐私权right of privacy私生活秘密权right of privacy贞操权virginity right身份权right of status亲权parental power; parental right亲属权right of relative探视权visitation right配偶权right of spouse荣誉权right of honor权利的保护protection of right公力救济public protection私力救济self-protection权利本位standard of right社会本位standard of society无责任行为irresponsible right正当防卫justifiable right; ligitimate defence防卫行为act of defence自为行为self-conducting act紧急避险act of rescue; necessity自助行为act of self-help不可抗力force majeure意外事件accident行为能力capacity for act意思能力capacity of will民事行为civil act意思表示declaration of intention意思表示一致meeting of minds; consensus完全行为能力perfect capacity for act限制行为能力restrictive capacity for act准禁治产人quasi-interdicted person保佐protection自治产人minor who is capable of administering his own capacity 无行为能力incapacity for act禁治产人interdicted person自然人natural person公民citizen住所domicile居所residence经常居住地frequently dwelling place户籍census register监护guardianship个体工商户individual business农村承包经营户leaseholding rural household合伙partnership合伙人partner合伙协议partnership agreement合伙财产property of partnership合伙债务debt of partnership入伙join partnership退伙withdrawal from partnership合伙企业partnership business establishment个人合伙partnership法人合伙partnership of legal person特别合伙special partnership普通合伙general partnership有限合伙limited partnership民事合伙civil partnership隐名合伙sleeping partnership; dormant partnership私营企业private enterprise; proprietorship法人legal person企业法人legal body of enterprise企业集团group of enterprise关联企业affiliate enterprise个人独资企业individual business establishment国有独资企业solely state-owned enterprise中外合资企业Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise中外合作企业Sino-foreign contractual enterprise社团法人legal body of mass organization财团法人legal body of financial group联营joint venture法人型联营association of legal persons合伙型联营coordinated management in partnership协作型联营cooperation-type coordinated management合作社cooperative民事法律行为civil legal act单方民事法律行为unilateral civil legal act双方民事法律行为bilateral civil legal act多方民事法律行为joint act civil legal act有偿民事法律行为civil legal act with consideration无偿民事法律行为civil legal act without consideration; civil legal act without award 实践性民事法律行为practical civil legal act诺成性民事法律行为consental civil legal act要式民事法律行为formal civil legal act不要式民事法律行为informal civil legal act要因民事法律行为causative civil legal act不要因民事法律行为noncausative civil legal act主民事法律行为principal civil legal act从民事法律行为accessory civil legal act附条件民事法律行为conditional civil legal act附期限民事法律行为civil legal act with term生前民事法律行为civil legal act before death死后民事法律行为civil legal act after death准民事法律行为quasi-civil legal act无效行为ineffective act可撤销民事行为revocable civil act违法行为illegal act; unlawful act侵权行为tort欺诈fraud胁迫duress乘人之危taking advantage of others’precarious position以合法形式掩盖非法目的legal form concealing illegal intention 恶意串通malicious collaboration重大误解gross misunderstanding显失公平obvious unjust误传misrepresentation代理agency本人principal被代理人principal受托人trustee代理人agent本代理人original agent法定代理人statutory agent; legal agent委托代理人agent by mandate指定代理人designated agent复代理人subagent再代理人subagent转代理人subagent代理权right of agency授权行为act of authorization授权委托书power of attorney代理行为act of agency委托代理agency by mandate本代理original agency复代理subagency次代理subagency有权代理authorized agency表见代理agency by estoppel; apparent agency律师代理agency by lawyer普通代理general agency全权代理general agency全权代理委托书general power of attorney共同代理joint agency独家代理sole agency居间brokerage居间人broker行纪commission; broker house信托trust时效time limit; prescription; limitation时效中止suspension of prescription/limitation时效中断interruption of limitation/prescription时效延长extension of limitation取得时效acquisitive prescription时效终止lapse of time; termination of prescription期日date期间term涉外民事关系civil relations with foreign elements冲突规范rule of conflict准据法applicable law; governing law反致renvoi; remission转致transmission识别identification公共秩序保留reserve of public order法律规避evasion of law国籍nationality国有化nationalization法律责任legal liability民事责任civil liability/responsibility行政责任administrative liability/responsibility刑事责任criminal liability/responsibility违约责任liability of breach of contract; responsibility of default 有限责任limited liability无限责任unlimited liability按份责任shared/several liability连带责任joint and several liability过失责任liability for negligence; negligent liability过错责任fault liability; liability for fault单独过错sole fault共同过错joint fault混合过错mixed fault被害人过错victim’s fault第三人过错third party’s fault推定过错presumptive fault恶意bad faith; malice故意deliberate intention; intention; willfulness过失negligence重大过失gross negligence疏忽大意的过失careless and inadvertent negligence过于自信的过失negligence with undue assumption损害事实facts of damage有形损失tangible damage/loss无形损失intangible damage/loss财产损失property damage/loss人身损失personal damage/loss精神损失spiritual damage/loss民事责任承担方式methods of bearing civil liability停止侵害cease the infringing act排除妨碍exclusion of hindrance; removal of obstacle消除危险elimination of danger返还财产restitution of property恢复原状restitution; restitution of original state赔偿损失compensate for a loss; indemnify for a loss支付违约金payment of liquidated damage消除影响eliminate ill effects恢复名誉rehabilitate one’s reputation赔礼道歉extend a formal apology物权jus ad rem; right in rem; real right物权制度real right system; right in rem system一物一权原则the principal of One thing, One Right物权法定主义principal of legality of right in rem物权公示原则principal of public summons of right in rem 物权法jus rerem物property生产资料raw material for production生活资料means of livelihood; means of subsistence流通物res in commercium; a thing in commerce限制流通物limited merchantable thing禁止流通物res extra commercium; a thing out of commerce 资产asset固定资产fixed asset流动资产current asset; floating asset动产movables; chattel不动产immovable; real estate特定物res certae; a certain thing种类物genus; indefinite thing可分物res divisibiles; divisible things不可分物res indivisibiles; indivisible things主物res capitalis; a principal thing从物res accessoria; an accessory thing原物original thing孳息fruits天然孳息natural fruits法定孳息legal fruits无主物bona vacatia; vacant goods; ownerless goods遗失物lost property漂流物drifting object埋藏物fortuna; hidden property货币currency证券securities债券bond物权分类classification of right in rem/real right自物权jus in re propria; right of full ownership所有权dominium; ownership; title所有权凭证document of title; title of ownership占有权dominium utile; equitable ownership使用权right of use; right to use of收益权right to earnings; right to yields处分权right of disposing; jus dispodendi善意占有possession in good faith恶意占有malicious possession按份共有several possession共同共有joint possession他物权jus in re aliena用益物权real right for usufruct使用权right to use; right of use土地使用权right to the use of land林权forest ownership采矿权mining ownership经营权managerial authority; power of management承包经营权right to contracted management相邻权neighboring right; relatedright地上权superficies永佃权jus emphyteuticum; right to landed estate granted in perpetuity through a contract 地役权servitude; easement人役权servitus personarum; personal servitude担保物权real right for security物的担保security for thing物的瑕疵担保warranty against defect of a thing抵押权hypotheca; hypothecation; right to mortgage抵押权的设定creation of right to mortgage抵押人mortgagor抵押权人mortgagee抵押标的物collateral; estate under mortgage抵押权的效力deffect of right to mortgage抵押权的次序sequence of right to mortgage抵押权的抛弃abandonment of right to mortgage抵押权的让与alienation of right to mortgage抵押权的实现materialization of right to mortgage。
法律英语单词
Lesson 1 Lawjustice ['dʒʌstis] n. 司法,正义,公正（上诉法庭的法官）enforce [in'fɔ:s] v. 执行（厉行,强迫）penalize ['pi:nəlaiz] v. 处罚（宣告有罪,使不利）anarchy n. 无政府状态（混乱）judicial [dʒu(:)'diʃəl] a.司法的（法庭的,公正的,审判上的）procedural [prə'si:dʒərəl] a. 程序的relief [ri'li:f] n.救济（减轻,解除）petition [pi'tiʃən] v. 请求remedy ['remidi] n. 救济equity ['ekwiti] n. 衡平法，公平plaintiff ['pleintif] n. 原告【defendant [di'fend?nt] n. 被告complaint [kəm'pleint] n. 诉状decree [di'kri:] n. 法令,判决jurisprudence [,dʒuəris'pru:dəns]n.（英）法律体系（法律学,法学）enact [i'nækt] v. 颁布（法律）statute ['stætju:t] n. 法令,法规antitrust a. 反托拉斯的ordinance ['ɔ:dinəns] n. 法令,条例dealings ['di:liŋz]n. 交易、行为senate ['senit] n. 参议院，上院Lesson 2 Legal Systemcodify ['kɔdifai, 'kəu-] v. 使法典化，法典，编纂democracy [di'mɔkrəsi] n. 民主（民主制,民主国家）precedent [pri'si:dənt] n. 先例,判例jurist ['dʒuərist] n. 法官，律师，法律学者delegation [,deli'geiʃən] n. 授权promulgate ['prɔməlgeit] v. 公布tribunal [tri'bju:nl, trai-] n. 法庭executive [ig'zekjutiv] a. 行政的statutory ['stætjut(ə)ri] a. 成文法的,法定的damages n. 损害赔偿金amendment n. 修正案trust [trʌst] n. 信托，托管财产injunction [in'dʒʌŋkʃən] n. 禁止令，禁令jury ['dʒuəri] n. 陪审团trial ['traiəl] n. 审判guarantee [,gærən'ti:] n. 保障,担保analogy n. 类推default [di'fɔ:lt] n. 不履约，不到庭investigate [in'vestigeit] v. 调查,侦查advocate ['ædvəkit] n. 辩护人，律师Lesson 3 Legal Educationprofessional [prə'feʃənl] n. 专业人员substantive ['sʌbstəntiv] a. 独立的,规定doctrine ['dɔktrin] n. 原则，学说jurisprudence [,dʒuəris'pru:dəns] n. 法理，法理学bar n. 律师业，律师pretrial [pri:'traiəl] a. 审判前的client ['klaiənt] n. 委托人counseling ['kaunsəliŋ]n. 咨询服务negotiation [ni,gəuʃi'eiʃən] n. 谈判,协商attorney [ə'tə:ni] n. (美) 律师，代理人prosecutor ['prɔsikju:tə] n. 检察官litigation [,liti'geiʃən] n. 诉讼discrimination [dis,krimi'neiʃən n. 歧视institution [,insti'tju:ʃən] n. 制度Lesson 4 Court Systemhearing ['hiəriŋ]n. 审判，听审，听证会accuse [ə'kju:z] v. 控告，控诉release [ri'li:s] v. 释放justice ['dʒʌstis] n. 正义,公正，上诉法庭的法官delinquency [di'liŋkwənsi] n.（青少年）不法行为,犯罪injury ['indʒəri] n.伤害appellate [ə'pelət] a. 控诉的,上诉的reversal [ri'və:səl] n. 撤销prosecution [,prɔsi'kju:ʃən] n.指控try [trai] n. 审判，审理discretion [dis'kreʃən] n.自由裁量权arbiter ['a:bitə] n. 裁决人Lesson 5 Constitutionconstitution[,kɔnsti'tju:ʃən] n.宪法abide [ə'baid] v. 遵守charter ['tʃɑ:tə] n.宪章,特许状legislate ['ledʒis,leit] v. 立法ratify['rætifai] v. 批准ultra vires ['ʌltrə] [拉] 超越权限，越权congress ['kɔŋgres] n. 国会justification [dʒʌstifi'keiʃ(ə)n] n. 理由judiciary[dʒu(:)'diʃiəri] n. 司法部门,法院系统regulate['regjuleit] v. 调整，控制convention [kən'venʃən] n.惯例legitimacy[l i'dʒitiməsi] n. 合法性，合理性supremacy n.最高权力unconstitutional a.不符合宪法的referendum [,refə'rendəm] n. 公民投票parliament ['pɑ:ləmənt] n. （英）议会prerogative [pri'rɔgətiv] a. (有)特权的n. 特权abolish[ə'bɔliʃ] v. 废止Lesson 6 Administrative Lawadministrative [əd'ministrətiv] a. 行政的investigatory[in'vestigeitəri] a. 研究的adjudicatory [ə'dʒu:dikeit] a. 裁判的delegate['deligit] v.赋予（权力）compensation [kɔmpen'seiʃən] n. 补偿,赔偿impartial [im'pɑ:ʃəl] a. 公平的,不偏不倚的govern ['gʌvən] v.控制，管理regulatory ['regjulətəri] a.制定规章的license ['laisəns] v. 准许，发给执照fine [fain] n. 罚款,罚金detrimental [,detri'mentl] a. 有害的Lesson 7 Criminal Lawomission [əu'miʃən] n.不作为,疏忽，失职liability [,laiə'biliti] n. 责任defence [di'fens] n. 辩护guilty ['gilti] a. 有罪的mens rea (拉)犯罪意图defendant [di'fend?nt] n. 被告actus reus (拉)具有犯罪意图的行为conduct ['kɔndʌkt, -dəkt] n. 行为circumstance ['sə:kəmstəns] n. 情况，情节manslaughter ['mæn,slɔ:tə] n.杀人，一般杀人罪，过失杀人(罪)assault v. 袭击,突袭misconduct [mis'kɔndʌkt] n. 不正当行为arson n. 纵火,纵火罪discharge [dis'tʃɑ:dʒ] v. 履行（职责）causation [kɔ:'zeiʃən] n. 因果关系,起因adjudication[ə,dʒu:di'keiʃən] n. 判决Lesson 8 Criminal Procedure Felony ['feləni] n. 重罪subpoena[səb'pi:nə] n. 传票custody ['kʌstədi] n. 羁押arrestee n. 被捕人contraband['kɔntrə,bænd] n. 违禁品,走私品search [sə:tʃ] n. 搜查prosecutor['prɔsikju:tə] n. 检察官complaint [kəm'pleint] n. 起诉书，正式指控information[,infə'meiʃən] n. 起诉书（检察官提交）indictment [in'daitmənt] n. 起诉书（大陪审团提交）warrant['wɔrənt] n.证明，逮捕证（令）detention[di'tenʃən] n.拘留accusatiory [ækju(:)'zeiʃən] n.指控的arraignment n. 提审，聆讯plea [pli:] n. 辩解，答辩discovery [dis'kʌvəri] n. 证据开示suppression [sə'preʃən] n. 排除（证据）incriminate[in'krimi,neit] vt. 控告probation[prə'beiʃən] n. 缓刑incarcerate [in'kɑ:səreit] n. 关押adversary ['ædvəsəri] n. 对抗,对手Lesson 9 Civil Procedurenegligent ly ['neglidʒənt] ad.过失地breach n.违背,不履行redress [ri'dres] n. 赔偿,救济perpetrator n. 犯罪者，作恶者Sue [sju:, su:] V. 提出诉讼，起诉Wrongdoer n. 做坏事的人suit ['lɔ:su:t, 'lɔ:sju:t] n. 诉讼,官司lawarbitration n. 仲裁,公断mediation [,mi:di'eiʃən] n. 调停,调解,仲裁vindicate ['vindikeit] v. 维护actionable a. 可提起诉讼的liable ['laiəbl] a.应负有责任的forum ['fɔ:rəm] n. 法庭venue ['venju:] n. 审判地,管辖地，法庭jury ['dʒuəri] n. 陪审团recover [ri'kʌvə] v. 重新获得deprivation [,depri'veiʃən] n. 剥夺,丧失tort n. 侵权，侵权行为prescribe [pris'kraib] v. 规定,命令plead [pli:d] v. 辩护,答辩Lesson 10 Tortswrong [rɔŋ] n. 坏事，错误，错事award [ə'wɔ:d] v. 判给tortuous a.侵权的deterrence n.威慑手段intent [in'tent] n. 意图presumption [pri'zʌmpʃən] n. 假定battery ['bætəri] n. 殴打，击打imprisonment [im'prizənmənt] n. 关押confine ['kɔnfain] v. 限制行动trespass ['trespəs] n.非法进入（私人领地）prima facie ['pri:mə] （拉）初步的，表面的effect [i'fekt] v.实现negligence ['neglidʒəns] n. 过失，过错bar v.阻止recovery [ri'kʌvəri] n. 恢复原状privity n.非当事人的利益Lesson 11 Contractbinding a. 有约束力的bilateral [bai'lætərəl] a. 双边的，双方面的unilateral ['ju:ni'lætərəl] a. 单方面的,单边的void [vɔid] a. 无效的voidable a.可撤销的offer ['ɔfə] n. 要约nullity ['nʌliti] n. 无效,无效行为rescind [ri'sind] v. 废除notary ['nəutəri] n. 公证人acceptance [ək'septəns] n. 承诺consideration [kənsidə'reiʃən] n. 约因，对价shareholder ['ʃєəhəuldə] n. 股东minor ['mainə] n. 未成年人deliver [di'livə] v. 递送,交付valid ['vælid] a. 有效的Lesson 12 Property Lawtenure ['tenjuə] n. (土地)使用和占有chattel ['tʃætl] n. 动产proprietary [prə'praiətəri] a. 所有的，私人拥有的confer [kən'fə:] v. 赠予alienable a.可让与的devolution [,di:və'l(j)u:ʃən] n. （财产）转移intestacy n. 未留遗嘱而死亡的dichotomy [dai'kɔtəmi] n.二分法fixture ['fikstʃə] n. 俯在不动产上的动产hereditament n.可继承的财产easement ['i:zmənt] n. 在他人土地上的通行权consensual [kən'senʃuəl] a. 在双方意愿下成立的disposition [dispə'ziʃən] n. 处置权，支配权beneficiary n. 受益人intestate [in'testeit] a. 未留遗嘱的execution [,eksi'kju:ʃən] n. 执行lease [li:s] n.租借，租约,租赁物leasehold ['li:shəuld] n. 租赁权，租赁，租赁物tenent n.承租人consumerism [kən'sju:məriz(ə)m]n.保护消费者权益运动，用户至上主张Lesson 13 Law Of Corporationtoll [təul] n. (通行)税,费monopoly [mə'nɔpəli] n. 垄断lobby ['lɔbi] v. 游说议员investor [in'vestə] n. 投资人concern [kən'sə:n] n. 公司，商店charter ['tʃɑ:tə] n. 营业执照campaign [kæm'pein] n. 竞选活动incorporate [in'kɔ:pəreit] n.设立法人组织capital ['kæpitəl] n.资本,资金stance [stæns] n.态度，立场stock [stɔk] n. 股票entity ['entiti] n. 实体assets n. 财产merge [mə:dʒ] v. 合并vest [vest] v. 赋予（权利或权力）transferability [-,fə:rə'biliti] n. 可转让性Lesson 14 Intellectual Propertycommerce['kɔmə(:)s] n. 商业confidential[kɔnfi'denʃəl] a. 机密的patent['peitənt, 'pætənt] n. 专利copyright ['kɔpirait] n. 版权,著作权trademark['treidmɑ:k] n. 商标assign v. 转让bequeath v. 遗赠account[ə'kaunt] v. 解释exclusive [iks'klu:siv] a. 独占的，排他的exploit [iks'plɔit] v.使用,利用remit[ri'mit] v. 移交的事物，移转database ['deitəbeis] n. 数据库claimant['kleimənt] n. （根据权利）提出要求者infringe [in'frindʒ] v. 侵犯interim ['intərim] a. 临时的incentive [in'sentiv] a. 刺激，诱因contest['kɔntest] v.争辩，争夺pend[pend] v. 待决Lesson 15 International Lawmunicipal [mju(:)'nisipəl] a.国内的,仅用与municipal lawsovereignty ['sɔvrinti] n. 主权,主权国家blend [blend] v. 混合discrete [dis'kri:t] a. 不连续的convention[kən'venʃən] n. 国际公约justifiable ['dʒʌstifaiəbl] a. 正当的observance[əb'zə:vəns] n. 遵守,惯例supranational[,sju:prə'næʃənl] a. 超国家的arbitral a. 仲裁的ad hoc a.(拉)专门的，临时的diplomatic [,diplə'mætik] a. 外交的，老道的elaboration [i,læbə'reiʃən] n. 苦心经营vitality [vai'tæliti] n. 活力,生命力regime[rei'ʒi:m] n. 政体,政权制度Lesson 16 Evidenceconviction [kən'vikʃən] n. 定罪verdict ['və:dikt] n. 裁决advocate['ædvəkit] v. 证明，辩护conjecture [kən'dʒektʃə] v.&n. 推测inference ['infərəns] n. 推论，推断supposition [,sʌpə'ziʃən] n. 假定competency['kɔmpit(ə)nsi] n. 作证能力，作证资格ruling ['ru:liŋ] n. 判决relevancy ['reləvənsi] n. 相关性mandatory ['mændətəri] a. 强制性的admissibility n. 可采用性material [mə'tiəriəl] a. 实质性的，重要的eyewitness['aiwitnis] n. 目击证人testimony['testiməni] n. 证人证言confession [kən'feʃən] n. 供认，供述，坦白fraudulent ['frɔ:djulənt] a. 欺诈的,欺骗的。
常用的法律英语术语
常用的法律英语术语常用的法律英语术语draft法案，草案Government bill政府议案to pass a bill, to carry a bill经过议案to enact a law, to promulgate a law公布法律ratification, confirmation同意law enforcement法律的实行to come into force奏效decree法律clause条款minutes备忘录report判例汇编codification法律汇编legislation立法legislator立法者jurist法学家jurisprudence法学legitimation合法化legality, lawfulness 法制，合法legal, lawful 合法的 ,依法的to contravene a law, to infringe a law, tobreak a law违纪outlaw, outside the law高出法律范围的offender犯人撤消，撤消rescission, annulment取销，撤消repeal, revocation, annulment取销(法律)cancellation, annulment, invalidation取销(合同 )cancellation (支票)作废annulment 撤消 (遗言 )repeal rescission撤消(判决)revocation immunity撤消宽免，宽免权disability, legal incapacity nonretroactive character无资格不溯既往性prescription剥夺公权attainder 公民权益的剥夺和财富的充公constitutional law 宪法canon law common law criminal law教会法例习惯法刑法administrative law行政法civil law 民法commercial law, mercantile law商法law of nations万国公法，国际法international law国际法natural law自然法labour laws劳工法fiscal law 财政法Civil Suit Law, Code of civil law民事诉讼法Criminal Law刑事诉讼法Military Law军法Conscript Law兵役法Copyright Law著作权法penal code刑法典code of mercantile law商法典civil rights民事权益，公民权益right of asylum逃难权human rights, rights of man人权(customs) duties关税death duty, death tax遗产税royalties 版税ratification, confirmation同意law enforcement法律的实行to come into force奏效decree法律clause条款minutes备忘录report判例汇编codification法律汇编legislation立法legislator立法者jurist法学家jurisprudence法学legitimation合法化legality, lawfulness法制，合法legal, lawful合法的,依法的to contravene to break a law a law,违纪to infringe a law,outlaw, outside the law 高出法律范围的offender犯人to abolish撤消，撤消rescission, annulment取销，撤消repeal, revocation, annulment取销(法律)cancellation, annulment, invalidation废除(合同 )cancellation (支票 )作废annulment 撤消 (遗言 )repeal rescission撤消(判决)revocation撤消immunity宽免，宽免权disability, legal incapacity无资格nonretroactive character不溯既往性prescription剥夺公权attainder公民权益的剥夺和财富的充公constitutional law宪法canon law教会法例common law习惯法criminal law刑法administrative law行政法civil law民法commercial law, mercantile law商法law of nations公法，国际法international law国际法natural law自然法labour laws劳工法fiscal law财政法Civil Suit Law, Code of civil law 民事诉讼法Criminal Law刑事诉讼法Military Law军法Conscript Law兵役法Copyright Law著作权法penal code刑法典code of mercantile law商法典civil rights民事权益，公民权益right of asylum逃难权human rights, rights of man人权(customs) duties关税death duty, death tax遗产税royalties版税案件 case案件发回remand/rimit a case（to a l ow court）案件名称title of a case模卷资料案情陈说书statement of 案外人 person other than case involved inthe case案值 total value involved in the case败诉方 losing party办案人员personnel handling a case保全举措申请书application for protect ive measures报案report a case（to security auth orities）被告 defendant;被告人最后陈说thefinalaccusedstatement of theaccused被告向原告第二次争辩rejoinder被害人 victim被害人的诉讼代理人victim's agent ad litem被上诉人 respondent; the appellee 被申请人 respondent被申请履行人party against whom exe cution is filed被履行人person subject to enforcem ent本诉 principal 必需共同诉讼人actionparty in necessary co-litigation变通管辖jurisdiction by accord辩白 defense辩白律师defense attorney/lawyer辩白人 defender辩白凭证exculpatory evidence;defen se evidence争辩阶段驳回反诉stagedismissof court debate acounterclaim;reject a counterclaim驳回恳求deny/dismiss a motion驳回上诉、保持原判reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgeme nt/ruling驳回诉讼 dismiss an action/suit 驳回通知书 notice of dismissal驳回自诉 dismiss/reject a private pros ecution驳回自诉裁定书 ruling of dismissing p rivate-prosecuting case增补争辩 supplementary answer 增补判决 supplementary judgement 增补侦察supplementary investigation不公然审理trial in camera不立案决定书written decision of no c ase-filing不同意逮捕决定书written decision of disapproving an arrest不起诉 nol pros不予受理起诉通知书notice of dismissal of accusation by 财富保全申请书ment;application the courtapplicationforpropertyfor attachpreservation裁定 order; determination（指最后裁定）裁定管辖 jurisdiction by order 裁定书 order; ruling 判决书 award采信的凭证 admitted evidence 查封 seal up撤回上诉withdraw appeal撤诉 withdraw a lawsuit撤除立案revoke a case placed on fil e撤除原判，发回重审rescind the origina l judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial出示的凭证exhibit除权判决invalidating judgement（for negotiable instruments）传唤 summon;call听说凭证hearsay争辩 answer;reply争辩陈说书statement of defence争辩状 answer;reply大法官 associate justices;justice大检察官deputy chief procurator代理指控agency for accusation代理申述agency for appeal代理审问员acting judge代为申请取保候审agency for applicatid liberty of moving弹劾式诉讼accusatory procedure当事人陈说statement of the parties当庭宣判pronouncement of judgemen t or sentence in court地域管辖territorial jurisdiction地域检察分院inter-mediate People's P rocuratorate第三人 third party检查笔录record of investigation按期宣判pronouncement of judgemen t or sentence later on a fixed date定罪凭证incriminating evidence; incul patory evidence冻结 freeze敦促程序procedure of supervision an d urge独任庭 sole-judge bench独任仲减员sole arbitrator对阻碍民事诉讼的强迫举措 compulsory measures against impairment of civil acti on对席判决 judgement inter parties 二审 trial of second instance二审案件case of trial of second insu rance罚款 impose a fine法定凭证statutory legal evidence法定凭证制度system of legal evidenc e法官 judges法警 bailiff; court police法律文书 legal instruments/papers法律救助 legal aid法律咨询legal consulting法庭争辩court debate法庭检查 court investigation法庭审理笔录 court record法庭审理方式mode of court trial法庭庭长 chief judge of a tribunal 法院court法院通告 court announcement反诉 counterclaim反诉争辩状 answer with counterclaim 反诉状 counterclaim犯法嫌疑人criminal suspect附加民事诉讼案件 a collateral civil acti on附加民事诉讼被告 defendant of collate ral civil action复查 reexamination; recheck 复验 reinspect高级法官senior judge高级检察官senior procurator高级人民法院 Higher People's Court 告诉案件 case of complaint告诉才办理的案件case accepted at co mplaint告诉申述庭complaint and petition div ision工读学校work-study school for delinquent children公安部 Ministry of Public Security公本分局public security sub-bureau公安厅 public security bureau at theand cities under direct jurisdiction of c entral government公然审理trial in public公然审问制度open trial system公示催告程序 procedure of public su mmons for exhortation公诉案件public-prosecuting case公诉词 statement of public prosecutio n公证机关 public notary office 共同管辖 concurrent jurisdiction 管辖jurisdiction国际司法辅助 international judicial ass istance海事法院maritime court合议庭 collegial panel合议庭评论笔录record of deliberatingby the collegiate bench和解 composition;compromise查对诉讼当事人身份check identity of l itigious parties恢复履行回避 withdrawal混淆式诉讼mixed action基层人民法院basic People's Court羁押限时term in custody级别管辖subject matter jurisdiction o f courts at different levels监督居住living at home under surveil lance牢狱 prison检察官 procurator检察权 prosecutorial power检察委员会procuratorial/prosecutorial committee检察院 procuratorate检察院派出机构outpost tribunal of pr ocuratorate简略程序summary procedure判定结论expert conclusion经济审问庭economic tribunal径行判决direct adjudication without essions; judgement without notice纠问式诉讼拘传 summon by force; summon byswarrant拘禁所 detention house检举 information/report of 举证责任burden of proof;an offence onus probandi决定书 decision军事法院 military procuratorate 开庭审理 open a court session 开庭通知notice of court session 勘验笔录record of inquest 看守所 detentionhouse可履行财富executable property指控式诉讼 accusatory proceedings 控告凭证 incriminating evidence 控告职能accusation function 扣押 distrain on;attachment扣押物 distress/distraint宽容期 period of grace劳动争议仲裁申请书petition for labor dispute arbitration劳改场劳教所reeducation-through-labor offic e类推判决的同意程序 procedure for exa mination and approval of analogical sentence积累凭证cumulative evidence 立案报告 place a case on file 立案管辖 functional jurisdiction立案决定书written decision of case-fil ing立案侦察report of placing a case on file利害关系人 interested party 暂时判决书 interim award律师目睹书 lawyer's written attestatio n; lawyer's written authentication律师事务所law office; law firm律师提早介入prior intervention by la wyer免于刑事处罚 exemption from criminal penalty民事案件civil民事审问庭civil tribunal民事诉讼civil action民事诉讼法Civil Procedural Law扭送 seize and deliver a suspect to t he police派出法庭detached tribunal派出所 police station判决 judgement; determination判决书 judgement;determination;ver dict（指陪审团作出的）佐证 circumstantial evidence陪审员 juror同意逮捕approval of arrest破案 clear up a criminal case;solve a criminal case破产 bankruptcy;insolvency一般程序general/ordinary procedure一般管辖general jurisdiction公司法人破产还债程序 procedure of ba nkruptcy and liquidation of a business c orporationon起诉起诉 sue; litigate;prosecute;of proceedingsinstituti起诉状 indictment;information区县检察院grassroots People's Procuratorate取保候审the bail pending trial with estricted liberty of moving缺席判决default judgement人民调停委员会People's Mediationr Committee认定财富无主案件 cases etermination of property as concerning qwnerlessd认定公民无民事行为能力力案件 cases concerning、限制民事行为能determination ofa citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity上诉 appeal上诉人 appellant上诉状 petition for appeal少管所 juvenile prison社会治安综合治理comprehensive treat ment of social security涉外案件cases involving foreign inter ests涉外民事诉讼foreign civil proceedings涉外刑事诉讼foreign criminal proceed ings申请人 applicant;petitioner申请书 petition; application for arbitra tion申请履行人execution applicant申述人起誓书claimant's affidavit of a uthenticity申述书 appeal for revision; petition fo r revision神示凭证制度system of divinity evide nce神示制度ordeal system审察案件case review审察并决定逮捕examine and decide a rrest审察起诉阶段 stage of review and pro secution审理通知书 notice of hearing 审问长 presiding judge审问长宣布开庭 presiding judge annou nce court in session审问管辖 adjudgement/trial jurisdiction 审问监察程序 procedure for trial supervision审问委员会 judicial committee 审问员 judge审问式诉讼 inquisitional proceedings 奏效判决裁定 legally effective judgement/order胜诉方 winning party省市自治区检察院higher People's Pro curatorate失散和死亡宣布declaration of disappe arance and death实（质）体凭证substantial e vidence 实物凭证tangible evidence实在凭证real evidence表示凭证demonstrative evidence视听凭证收留所 collecting post; safe retreat首席大法官chief justice首席检察官chief procurator受害人的近家属victim's immediate fa milyof受理 acceptance受理刑事案件审批表registration acceptance of criminal case受送到人the addressee书记员 court clerk书记员宣读法庭纪律court clerkformreadscourt rules书证 documentary evidence司法部 Ministry of Justice司法机关judicial organizatons司法警察judicial police司法局 judicial bureau司法厅 judicial bureau at the levels o f provinces,autonomous regions,and cit ies under direct jurisdiction of central go vernment司法辅助 judicial assistance死缓的复核 judicial review of death s entence with a retrieve极刑复核程序 procedure for judicial re view of death sentence极刑复核权 competence for judicial re view of death sentence送到 service of process送到传票 service of summons/subpoena送到诉状 service of bill of complaint 搜寻search诉 sue; suit; action; lawsuit诉前财富保全property attachment pri or to lawsuitsue;action 诉讼 litigation;lawsuit;诉讼保全attachment诉讼参加人litigious participants诉讼代理人agent 诉状 complaint;adbilllitemof complaint;state of claim特别程序提起公诉special proceduresn铁路法院railway court铁路检察院railroad transport procurat orate庭审程序procedure of 通缉 wanted for arrest 投案 appearance退回增补侦察return of court triala case for supplementary investigation拜托辩白entrusted defense未成年人法庭juvenile court无行政职务的法官associate无正当原由拒不到庭refuse n court without due cause 无罪判决acquittal,finding uilty”judgeto appearof “ not gi人证 material evidence先予履行申请书 application for advanc ed execution先予履行 advanced execution 刑事案件 criminal case刑事拘禁criminal detention刑事强迫拘禁 criminal coercive/compul sory measures刑事审问庭 criminal tribunal 刑事诉讼 criminal proceedings刑事诉讼法 Criminal Procedural Law 刑事自诉状 self-incriminating criminal complaint行政案件administrative行政审问庭administrative 行政诉讼administrative行政诉讼法Administrative casetribunal proceedingsProceduralLaw宣布失散、宣布死亡案件 cases concerni ng the declaration of disappearance anddeath宣判笔录record of rendition of judge ment选民资格案件cases concerning qualifi cations of voters咨询证人inquire/question a witness训斥 reprimand讯问笔录咨询犯法嫌疑人interrogate criminal s uspect言词凭证verbal evidence要求传唤证人申请书application for su bpoena一裁终局arbitration award shall be fi nal and binding一审 trial 一审案件of firstcase ofinstancetrial of first instance应诉通知书 notice of respondence to action有罪判决 sentence; finding of “guilty ”予审preliminary examinantion; pretrial原告 plaintiff院长 court president阅卷笔录 record of file review（by la wyers ）再审案件 case of retrial再审申请书 petition for retrial责令具结悔悟 order to sign a stateme nt of repentance债权人会议 creditors'meeting侦察阶段 investigation stage侦察终结 conclusion of investigation征询原、被告最后建议consulting final opinion of the plaintiff and defendant 凭证 evidence凭证保全 preserve evidence凭证保全申请书 application for eviden ce preservation证证人言 testimony of witness;affida vit支付令 payment order/warrant知识产权庭 intellectual property tribun al履行程序 procedure execution履行逮捕 execution of arrest履行和解conciliation of execution履行展转recovery of execution履行庭 executive tribunal履行异议objection to execution履行员 executor履行中断discontinuance of execution履行终结conclusion of execution指定辩白appointed defense指定仲减员申明statement of appointin g arbitrator中级人民法院intermediate People's C ourt半途退庭 retreat during court session without permission仲裁 arbitration仲裁被诉人 respondent; defendant 仲裁判决 award仲裁申请书arbitration仲裁申述人 claimant; plaintiff 仲裁庭 arbitration tribunal仲裁委员会arbitration committee仲裁协议arbitration agreement;clauses of arbitration仲减员 arbitrator主诉检察官 principal procurator 助理检察官 assistant procurator 助理审问员 assistant judge 特意法院special court特意管辖 specific jurisdiction 专属管辖 exclusive jurisdiction追查刑事责任 investigate for criminal responsibility自首 confession to justice自诉案件 private-prosecuting case 自行辩白 self-defense自由心证制度 doctrine of discretional evaluation of evidence自侦案件self-investigating case最高人民法院the Supreme People's C ourt最高人民检察院the Supreme People's Procuratorate最后判决书final awardAa law 法例 ,法例argumentative question 争辩性的问题attempt 妄图 aabate 降低 ,减少 ,清除abduct 诱骗 ,诱拐abortion 打胎abscond 逃窜 ,逃跑absolve 宣布无罪abstract 纲要abuse (people) 凌虐 ,谩骂abuse (power) 滥用权益abuse (office) 滥用职权acceptance of bribes行贿accessory从犯accident 事故 ,不测accomplice 共犯 ,帮凶accord and satisfaction和解与清账according to law 依据法律 ,依据法律 ,与法律一致accusation 指控 ,指控accused 被告acquittal 宣布无罪act of Congress 国会法案act of God 不行抗力 ,天灾adjudication 判决 ,裁定admitted into evidence 接收为凭证 admissible evidence可采取的凭证 admission 招供 ,招认adoption 收养 ,领养 ,认养 ;采纳 ,采取Adult Probation and Parole 成人缓刑与假释adultery 通奸advisement of rights 权益劝告advocate (n) 辩白人advocate (v) 辩白 ;倡议affiant 起誓人 ,起誓言人affidavit 起誓书 ,经起誓的书面陈说affirm 确认 ,(上诉院 )保持原判aggravated 加重的aggravated circumstances增添严重性的情节agreement 协议aid and abet 协谋 ,挑拨 ,帮凶aiding escape 辅助逃跑aiding prostitution 辅助卖淫alias 又名 ,假名 ,假名alibi 不在现场的凭证alien 侨民 ,侨民alimony (付给前配偶的 )奉养费allegation 指称 ,指控alleged thief 被指称为窃贼的人 allocution 认罪口供 ,自白口供 amnesty 大赦ancillary 隶属的animal control officer 动物检疫人员animal cruelty 虐畜罪anticompetitive practices防备竞争举措 antitrust act 反托拉斯法案 ,发信托案appeal 上诉appearance 出庭appellate court 上诉法庭applicability 可适应性appoint 指定 ,委派 ,任命appraisal 估价aquatic wildlife 野生水中动物 ,鱼类arbitration 仲裁 ,公断 argument 争辩 ,争辩arm of the law 法律的权益armed robbery 持械打劫arraignment 提审 ,提讯 ,提堂 ,过堂 arraignment hearing 提讯听证arrest 逮捕 ,逮捕arrest on suspicion因有疑而被捕 arrest warrant 逮捕证 ,通缉令arresting officer 履行逮捕的警察arsenal 弹药库 ,枪械库arson 放火罪ascertain 确立 ,查明aspersion 中伤 ,诋毁assassin刺客 ,暗害凶手assailant 攻击者assault 攻击assault and battery 殴打罪 ,损害人身罪assess估价 ,征收assets 财富asylum 包庇atrocity 暴行attempted crime 犯法未遂attempted murder 谋杀未遂audit 稽察 ,查帐 ,审计 ,审察authenticate 判定 ,认证auto burglary 偷汽车里的东西auto theft 偷汽车automobile homicide 车祸杀人autopsy 验尸 ,尸体剖检avow 招认 ,认可award (v) 判给award (n) 裁定额Bbackup 后盾 ,后备badge (of a police officer)徽章bail 保释 ,保释金bail bond 保释保证金 ,保金bail bondsman 保释代理人bail forfeiture 保释金充公bail jumping 弃保逃窜 ,保释中逃跑 ,逃保Bail Reform Act 保释修正案 bailey 法庭bailiff 法警 ,法庭履行官ban 严禁 ,禁令 ,撤消bandit 响马 ,匪贼banish 流放 ,驱赶bar 律师业bar association 律师协会barricade 暂时防守 ,阻碍物befouling water 污染水源behavior 品性 ,行为bench 法官席 ,法官bench trail 法官 (无陪审团 )审问bench warrant 法庭传票beyond reasonable doubt理无置疑 ,无合理思疑bias 成见bicycle path 自行车 /脚踏车 /单车专用道bid 招标 ,出价bigamy 一夫多妻制 ;重婚罪bill (in a legislature) 议案bill of lading 提货单 ,提单bill of particular 诉讼明细书Bill of Rights 人权法案 ,基本权益法案bind over 责令待审binding 有拘束力的 ,附有义务的binding agreement 有拘束力的协议 birthright 与生俱来的权益 blackmarket 黑市blackmail 敲诈 ,欺诈 ,敲诈blood alcohol 血液内的酒精含量 blood test 验血bludgeon 杖刑board certified (medical) 拥有 (医学 )公会认同的资格执照board examiner (medical) (医学 )公会监考员 boating infractions 划船游玩方面的违规body search 搜身book verb 入案 ,落案bookie /bookmaker 赌博 (各样竞赛 )的经纪人 bookmaking 外头下注 bound 遇到拘束的bounty hunter 为领赏而追捕逃犯的人brandish a weapon 摆动武器 (来威迫 ) breaking and entering 强行闯进 bribe贿赂 ,贿赂brief 纲要书 ,辨诉状bring to justice 移送法办 ,严惩不贷burden of proof 举证责任burglary 偷窃 ,偷窃罪business license营业执照bylaws 规章 ,规程C(credit for) time served 已服刑时间campaign contribution 竞选捐赠 ,竞选献金cannabis 大麻 ,大麻类毒品capital punishment 极刑carcass 动物尸体carjacking 劫车carpool lane 适用车专用道carrying a concealed weapon身携暗器 ,携带暗器case 案子 ,诉讼案件case in chief 主案 ,控方的凭证 case law 判例法 ,事例法causation 因果关系 ,造事原由causing catastrophe造成大灾害caveat 警示 ,中断诉讼的通知cease and desist停止 ,遏止census 人口普查 ,人口检查certified 被证明的 ,有保证的chain of custody 接受看管的序次a. preemptory challenge 不述原由而要求陪审员离席b. challenge for cause有原由要求陪审员离席challenge (v) 反对 ,责问change of venue更改审问地址 ,转移管辖 character evidence 人品凭证 ,道德凭证 charges 指控 ,罪名charge to the jury (法官 )对陪审团的指导charitable organization 慈善机构 ,慈善组织charity drive 慈善活动chattel 动产 ,有形财富chief justice 首席法官child endangerment 危害少儿 child labor law 童工法child molestation 猥亵少儿child welfare service 少儿福利服务 choking 窒息circuit court 巡回法庭circumstantial evidence间接凭证 ,佐证citation 罚单 ,传票civil code 民事法典civil enforcement 履行民事法典civil law 民法civil liberty 公民自由civil right 公民权益claim (n) 要求权claim (v) 宣称 ,断言claim (damages) 索赔claim (lost or stolen property) 认领 claimant 债权人 ,原告 ,索赔人clandestine 暗中的 ,奥密的class action lawsuit集体诉讼classified (advertisement)分类的classified (document)保密的clerk of the court 法庭书记closing argument 终结陈说 ,终结争辩cocaine 古柯碱 ,可卡因 ,白粉co-conspirator 同谋人 ,篡谋人coercion 逼迫 ,威迫 ,挟制cohabitation 同居commercial drivers license商业性驾驶执照commit a crime 犯下罪状commitment hearing 拘禁听证common law 判例法 ,习惯法 ,一般法common law marriage 一般法 /习惯法上的婚姻community service 社区服务 community standards 共同道德标准 compelling argument 有道理 /有说服力的争辩competence 能力 ,权限competent council合格的律师competent court 管辖法院 ,主管法院complaint 控告 ,民事起诉 compulsory education义务教育 compulsory process强迫到庭的程序 computer crimes 用计算机 (电脑 )犯法 concealed firearm 夹带 /夹藏的枪械 concealed weapon夹带 /夹藏武器 ,暗器 concurrent sentences归并刑期 ,同时履行confession认罪 ,招供 ,招认confidentiality 保密性 ,机密性confinement 看管 ,拘禁confiscate 充公 ,充公 conflict ofinterest 利益矛盾 confrontationof witness证人对证 consecutive sentences连续刑期 conspiracy同谋 ,篡谋conspiracy to commit a crime篡谋犯法constable 警察constitutional right 宪法权益contempt of court 歧视法庭continuance/continuation (of the case)诉讼缓期 ,展延contract 契约 ,合同contract law 合同法 ,契约法contradict 辩驳contradict oneself 自相矛盾contradiction 矛盾convict noun 犯人convict verb 定罪conviction 定罪 ,判罪coroner 验尸官correctional officer 狱警 ,看管警察corroborate 证明costs incurred 所惹起的花费counsel 律师counseling 心理指导count 罪项court 法庭 ,法院court appointed attorney 法庭任命的律师court interpreter 法庭翻译 ,法庭传译court of appeals 上诉法院 court of last resort 终审法院court of record 案件记录所在。
Law 英文术语
法律英语常用词汇大全一、律师部分案件受理费court acceptance fee 案情重大、复杂important and complicated case案由cause of action 案子case 包揽诉讼monopolize lawsuits被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件)被上诉人appellee 被诉人respondent; defendant 本案律师councel pro hac vice本地律师local counsel 毕业证diploma; graduation certificate辩护词defense; pleadings 辩护律师defense lawyer 辩护要点point of defense辩护意见submission 财产租赁property tenancy 裁定书order; ruling; determination（指终审裁定）裁决书award（用于仲裁）裁决书verdict（用于陪审团）采信的证据admitted evidence; established evidence草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests查阅法条source legal provisions 产权转让conveyancing出差go on errand; go on a business trip 出国深造further study abroad出具律师意见书providing legal opinion 出示的证据exhibit 出庭appear in court传票summons; subpoena 答辩状answer; reply 代理词representation代理房地产买卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations 代理仲裁agency for arbitration代写文书drafting of legal instruments 待决案件pending case当事人陈述statement of the parties 第三人third party吊销执业证revocation of lawyer license 调查笔录investigative record调查取证investigation and gathering for evidence 调解mediation 调解书mediation二审案件case of trial of second instance 发送电子邮件send e-mail法律顾问legal consultants 法律意见书legal opinions 法律援助legal aid法律咨询legal counseling 法庭division; tribunal法学博士学位LL.D (Doctor of Laws)法学会law society 法学课程legal courses 法学硕士学位LL.M (Master of Laws)法学系faculty of law; department of law 法学学士学位LL.B (Bachelor of Laws) J.D ( Juris doctor缩写，美国法学学士) 法学院law school 法院公告court announcement反诉状counterclaim 房地产律师real estate lawyer; real property lawyer非合伙律师associate lawyer 非诉讼业务non-litigation practice 高级合伙人senior partner 高级律师senior lawyer 各类协议和合同agreements and contracts公安局Public Security Bureau 公司上市company listing 公诉案件public-prosecuting case 公证书notarial certificate 国办律师事务所state-run law office 国际贸易international trade 国际诉讼international litigation 国内诉讼domestic litigation 合伙律师partner lawyer合伙制律师事务所law office in partner-ship; cooperating law office合同审查、草拟、修改contract review, drafting and revision 会见当事人interview a client 会见犯罪嫌疑人interview a criminal suspect 兼职律师part-time lawyer 监狱prison; jail 鉴定结论expert conclusion 缴纳会费membership dues 举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi决定书decision 勘验笔录record of request 看守所detention house 抗诉书protest 控告人accuser; complainant 跨国诉讼transnational litigation 劳动争议labor disputes 劳动争议仲裁委员会arbitration committee for labor disputes 劳改场reform-through-labor farm; prison farm 利害关系人interested party; party in interest 律管处处长director of lawyer control department 律师lawyer attorney; attorney at law 律师惩戒lawyer discipline 律师法Lawyer Law 律师费lawyer fee 律师函lawyer’s letter 律师见证lawyer attestation/authentication律师见证书lawyer certification/authentication/witness 律师卷宗lawyer’s docile; file律师刊物lawyer’s journal 律师联系电话contact phone number of a lawyer律师事务所law office; law firm 律师收费billing by lawyer 律师网站lawyer website律师协会National Bar (Lawyer) Association 律师协会会员member of Lawyer Association律师协会秘书长secretary general of Bar (Lawyer) Association律师协会章程Articles of Lawyer Association律师业务室lawyer’s office 律师执业证lawyer license 律师助理assistant lawyer律师资格考试bar exam; lawyer qualification exam 律师资格证lawyer qualification certificate 民事案件civil case民事调解civil mediation 民事诉讼civil litigation派出所local police station; police substation判决judgment(用于民事、行政案件); determination(用于终审);sentence(用于刑事案); verdict(由陪审团作出) 旁证circumstantial evidence企业章程articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw 企业重组corporate restructure 起诉状information; indictment 取消律师资格disbar全国律师代表大会National Lawyer Congress缺席宣判pronounce judgement or determination by default 人民法院People’s Court人民检察院People’s Procuratorate 认定事实determine facts上诉案件case of trial of second instance; appellate case 上诉人appellant上诉状petition for appeal 涉外律师lawyers specially handling foreign-related matters申请复议administrative reconsideration petition申请加入律师协会application for admission to Law Association 申请人petitioner; claimant 申诉案件appeal case 申诉人（仲裁）claimant; plaintiff申诉书appeal for revision, petition for revision 实习律师apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period 实习律师证certificate of apprentice lawyer视听证据audio-visual reference material 适用法律apply law to facts 受害人victim书证documentary evidence司法部Ministry of Justice 司法建议书judicial advise 司法局Judicial Bureau司法局副局长deputy director of Judicial Bureau 司法局局长director of Judicial Bureau司法统一考试uniform judicial exam 送达service of process 诉讼litigation; action; lawsuit 诉讼当事人litigation party; litigious party 诉讼业务litigation practice诉状complaint; bill of complaint; statement of claim推销法律服务promote/market legal service 外国律师事务所foreign law office委托代理合同authorized representation contract 委托代理人agent ad litem; entrusted agent委托授权书power of attorney 物证material evidence 嫌疑人criminal suspect 项目融资project financing 项目谈判project negotiating刑事案件criminal case刑事诉讼criminal litigation 行政诉讼administrative litigation 休庭adjourn the court; recess宣判pronounce judgement; determination 宣誓书affidavit业务进修attendance in advanced studies 一审案件case of trial of first instance与国外律师事务所交流communicate with foreign law firms 原告plaintiff证券律师securities lawyer 证人证言testimony of witness; affidavit执行笔录execution record 执业登记registration for practice执业范围scope of practice; sphere of practice; practice area 执业申请practice application执业证年检annual inspection of lawyer license 仲裁arbitration 仲裁案件arbitration case仲裁机构arbitration agency 专门律师specialized lawyer专职律师professional lawyer; full-time lawyer 撰写法律文章write legal thesis资信调查credit standing investigation 自诉案件private prosecuting case二、诉讼法律案件case 案件发回remand/rimit a case (to a low court) 案件名称title of a case案卷材料materials in the case 案情陈述书statement of case案外人person other than involved in the case 案值total value involved in the case败诉方losing party 办案人员personnel handling a case保全措施申请书application for protective measures 报案report a case (to security authorities) 被告defendant; the accused 被告人最后陈述final statement of the accused被告向原告第二次答辩rejoinder 被害人victim 被害人的诉讼代理人victim’s agent ad litem被上诉人respondent; the appellee 被申请人respondent 被申请执行人party against whom execution is filed被执行人person subject to enforcement 本诉principal action 必要共同诉讼人party in necessary co-litigation 变通管辖jurisdiction by accord辩护defense 辩护律师defense attorney/lawyer 辩护人defender辩护证据exculpatory evidence; defense evidence 辩论阶段stage of court debate驳回反诉dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim 驳回请求deny/dismiss a motion驳回上诉、维持原判reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling驳回诉讼dismiss an action/suit 驳回通知书notice of dismissal驳回自诉dismiss/reject a private prosecution驳回自诉裁定书ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case 补充答辩supplementary answer 补充判决supplementary judgement 补充侦查supplementary investigation不公开审理trial in camera 不立案决定书written decision of no case-filing不批准逮捕决定书written decision of disapproving an arrest 不起诉nol pros不予受理起诉通知书notice of dismissal of accusation by the court财产保全申请书application for attachment; application for property preservation 裁定order; determination (指最终裁定)裁定管辖jurisdiction by order 裁定书order; ruling 裁决书award采信的证据admitted evidence 查封seal up 撤回上诉withdraw appeal撤诉withdraw a lawsuit 撤销立案revoke a case placed on file撤销原判，发回重审rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial出示的证据exhibit 除权判决invalidating judgement (for negotiable instruments)传唤summon; call 传闻证据hearsay 答辩answer; reply 答辩陈述书statement of defence 答辩状answer; reply 大法官associate justices; justice 大检察官deputy chief procurator代理控告agency for accusation 代理申诉agency for appeal 代理审判员acting judge代为申请取保候审agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving弹劾式诉讼accusatory procedure 当事人陈述statement of the parties当庭宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court 地区管辖territorial jurisdiction地区检察分院inter-mediate People’s Procuratorate 第三人third party调查笔录record of investigation定期宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date定罪证据incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence 冻结freeze督促程序procedure of supervision and urge 独任庭sole-judge bench独任仲裁员sole arbitrator对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施compulsory measures against impairment of civil action对席判决judgement inter parties 二审trial of second instance二审案件case of trial of second insurance罚款impose a fine 法定证据statutory legal evidence 法定证据制度system of legal evidence 法官judges 法警bailiff; court police 法律文书legal instruments/papers 法律援助legal aid 法律咨询legal consulting 法庭辩论court debate 法庭调查court investigation法庭审理笔录court record 法庭审理方式mode of court trial法庭庭长chief judge of a tribunal 法院court 法院公告court announcement反诉counterclaim 反诉答辩状answer with counterclaim 反诉状counterclaim犯罪嫌疑人criminal suspect 附带民事诉讼案件 a collateral civil action附带民事诉讼被告defendant of collateral civil action 复查reexamination; recheck复验reinspect 高级法官senior judge 高级检察官senior procurator高级人民法院Higher People’s Court 告诉案件case of complaint告诉才处理的案件case accepted at complaint告诉申诉庭complaint and petition division工读学校work-study school for delinquent children公安部Ministry of Public Security 公安分局public security sub-bureau公安厅public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government 公开审理trial in public公开审判制度open trial system 公示催告程序procedure of public summons for exhortation 公诉案件public-prosecuting case 公诉词statement of public prosecution公证机关public notary office共同管辖concurrent jurisdiction 管辖jurisdiction国际司法协助international judicial assistance 海事法院maritime court合议庭collegial panel 合议庭评议笔录record of deliberating by the collegiate bench和解composition; compromise 核对诉讼当事人身份check identity of litigious parties恢复执行resumption of execution 回避withdrawal 混合式诉讼mixed action基层人民法院basic People’s Court 羁押期限term in custody级别管辖subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels监视居住living at home under surveillance 监狱prison 检察官procurator检察权prosecutorial power 检察委员会procuratorial/prosecutorial committee检察院procuratorate 检察院派出机构outpost tribunal of procuratorate简易程序summary procedure 鉴定结论expert conclusion 经济审判庭economic tribunal径行判决direct adjudication without sessions; judgement without notice纠问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings 拘传summon by force; summon by warrant拘留所detention house 举报information/report of an offence举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi 决定书decision 军事法院military procuratorate开庭审理open a court session 开庭通知notice of court session 勘验笔录record of inquest看守所detention house 可执行财产executable property 控告式诉讼accusatory proceedings 控诉证据incriminating evidence 控诉职能accusation function 扣押distrain on; attachment 扣押物distress/distraint 宽限期period of grace劳动争议仲裁申请书petition for labor dispute arbitration 劳改场reform-through-labor farm 劳教所reeducation-through-labor office类推判决的核准程序procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence累积证据cumulative evidence 立案报告place a case on file 立案管辖functional jurisdiction 立案决定书written decision of case-filing 立案侦查report of placing a case on file利害关系人interested party 临时裁决书interim award律师见证书lawyer’s written attestation; lawyer’s written authentication律师事务所law office; law firm 律师提前介入prior intervention by lawyer免于刑事处分exemption from criminal penalty 民事案件civil case民事审判庭civil tribunal 民事诉讼civil action 民事诉讼法Civil Procedural Law扭送seize and deliver a suspect to the police 派出法庭detached tribunal派出所police station判决judgement; determination 判决书judgement; determination; verdict(指陪审团作出的) 旁证circumstantial evidence 陪审员juror 批准逮捕approval of arrest破案clear up a criminal case; solve a criminal case 破产bankruptcy; insolvency普通程序general/ordinary procedure 普通管辖general jurisdiction企业法人破产还债程序procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation起诉filing of a lawsuit 起诉sue; litigate; prosecute; institution of proceedings起诉状indictment; information 区县检察院grassroots People’s Procuratorate取保候审the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving 缺席判决default judgement人民调解委员会People’s Mediation Committee认定财产无主案件cases concerning determination of property as qwnerless认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件cases concerning determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity上诉appeal 上诉人appellant 上诉状petition for appeal 少管所juvenile prison社会治安综合治理comprehensive treatment of social security涉外案件cases involving foreign interests 涉外民事诉讼foreign civil proceedings涉外刑事诉讼foreign criminal proceedings申请人applicant; petitioner 申请书petition; application for arbitration申请执行人execution applicant 申诉人宣誓书claimant’s affidavit of authenticity申诉书appeal for revision; petition for revision 神示证据制度system of divinity evidence神示制度ordeal system 审查案件case review 审查并决定逮捕examine and decide arrest 审查起诉阶段stage of review and prosecution 审理通知书notice of hearing审判长presiding judge 审判长宣布开庭presiding judge announce court in session审判管辖adjudgement/trial jurisdiction 审判监督程序procedure for trial supervision审判委员会judicial committee 审判员judge 审问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings生效判决裁定legally effective judgement/order 胜诉方winning party省市自治区检察院higher People’s Procuratorate 失踪和死亡宣告declaration of disappearance and death 实（质）体证据substantial evidence 实物证据tangible evidence实在证据real evidence 示意证据demonstrative evidence 视听证据audio-visual evidence收容所collecting post; safe retreat首席大法官chief justice 首席检察官chief procurator受害人的近亲属victim’s immediate family 受理acceptance 受理刑事案件审批表registration form of acceptance of criminal case 受送达人the addressee书记员court clerk 书记员宣读法庭纪律court clerk reads court rules书证documentary evidence 司法部Ministry of Justice 司法机关judicial organizatons司法警察judicial police 司法局judicial bureau司法厅judicial bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government 司法协助judicial assistance死缓的复核judicial review of death sentence with a retrieve死刑复核程序procedure for judicial review of death sentence 死刑复核权competence for judicial review of death sentence 送达service of process送达传票service of summons/subpoena 送达诉状service of bill of complaint 搜查search诉sue; suit; action; lawsuit 诉前财产保全property attachment prior to lawsuit诉讼litigation; lawsuit; sue; action 诉讼保全attachment 诉讼参加人litigious participants诉讼代理人agent ad litem 诉状complaint; bill of complaint; state of claim特别程序special procedures 提起公诉institute a public prosecution 铁路法院railway court 铁路检察院railroad transport procuratorate 庭审程序procedure of court trial通缉wanted for arrest 投案appearance退回补充侦查return of a case for supplementary investigation委托辩护entrusted defense 未成年人法庭juvenile court 无行政职务的法官associate judge 无正当理由拒不到庭refuse to appear in court without due cause无罪判决acquit tal, finding of “ not guilty ” 物证material evidence先予执行申请书application for advanced execution 先予执行advanced execution刑事案件criminal case 刑事拘留criminal detention刑事强制拘留criminal coercive/compulsory measures 刑事审判庭criminal tribunal刑事诉讼criminal proceedings 刑事诉讼法Criminal Procedural Law刑事自诉状self-incriminating criminal complaint 行政案件administrative case行政审判庭administrative tribunal 行政诉讼administrative proceedings行政诉讼法Administrative Procedural Law宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件cases concerning the declaration of disappearance and death宣判笔录record of rendition of judgement选民资格案件cases concerning qualifications of voters询问证人inquire/question a witness 训诫reprimand 讯问笔录record of interrogation询问犯罪嫌疑人interrogate criminal suspect 言词证据verbal evidence要求传唤证人申请书application for subpoena 一裁终局arbitration award shall be final and binding 一审trial of first instance 一审案件case of trial of first instance应诉通知书notice of respondence to action 有罪判决sentence; finding of “guilty”予审preliminary examinantion; pretrial 原告plaintiff 院长court president 阅卷笔录record of file review (by lawyers) 再审案件case of retrial 再审申请书petition for retrial责令具结悔过order to sign a statement of repentance 债权人会议creditors’ meeting侦查阶段investigation stage 侦查终结conclusion of investigation征询原、被告最后意见consulting final opinion of the plaintiff and defendant 证据evidence 证据保全preserve evidence 证据保全申请书application for evidence preservation证人证言testimony of witness; affidavit 支付令payment order/warrant知识产权庭intellectual property tribunal 执行程序procedure execution执行逮捕execution of arrest 执行和解conciliation of execution执行回转recovery of execution 执行庭executive tribunal 执行异议objection to execution 执行员executor执行中止discontinuance of execution 执行终结conclusion of execution指定辩护appointed defense指定仲裁员声明statement of appointing arbitrator 中级人民法院intermediate People’s Court 中途退庭retreat during court session without permission 仲裁arbitration仲裁被诉人respondent; defendant 仲裁裁决award 仲裁申请书arbitration仲裁申诉人claimant; plaintiff 仲裁庭arbitration tribunal 仲裁委员会arbitration committee 仲裁协议arbitration agreement; clauses of arbitration 仲裁员arbitrator主诉检察官principal procurator 助理检察官assistant procurator 助理审判员assistant judge 专门法院special court专门管辖specific jurisdiction 专属管辖exclusive jurisdiction追究刑事责任investigate for criminal responsibility 自首confession to justice自诉案件private-prosecuting case自行辩护self-defense 自由心证制度doctrine of discretional evaluation of evidence自侦案件self-investigating case 最高人民法院the Supreme People’s Court最高人民检察院the Supreme People’s Procuratorate 最后裁决书final award三、民事法律法律渊源source of law 制定法statute 判例法case law; precedent 普通法common law特别法special law 固有法native law; indigenous law 继受法adopted law实体法substantial law 程序法procedural law 原则法fundamental law 例外法exception law 司法解释judicial interpretation 习惯法customary law 公序良俗public order and moral 自然法natural law 罗马法Roman Law 私法private law 公法public law 市民法jus civile 万民法jus gentium 民法法系civil law system 英美法系system of Anglo-American law大陆法系civil law system 普通法common law 大陆法continental law罗马法系Roman law system 英吉利法English law 衡平法equity; law of equity日尔曼法Germantic law 教会法ecclesiastical law 寺院法canon law 伊斯兰法Islamic law 民法法律规范norm of civil law 授权规范authorization norm 禁止规范forbidding norm义务性规范obligatory norm 命令性规范commanding norm民法基本原则fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则principle of equality自愿原则principle of free will 公平原则principle of justice等价有偿原则principle of equal value exchange 诚实信用原则principle of good faith行为act 作为act 不作为omission 合法行为lawful act 违法行为unlawful act民事权利权利能力civil right 绝对权absolute right 相对权relative right优先权right of priority 先买权preemption 原权antecedent right救济权right of relief 支配权right of dominion 请求权right of claim物上请求权right of claim for real thing 形成权right of formation撤销权right of claiming cancellation 否认权right of claiming cancellation解除权right of renouncement 代位权subrogated right 选择权right of choice承认权right of admission 终止权right of termination 抗辩权right of defense一时性抗辩权momentary right of defense 永久性抗辩权permanent counter-argument right不安抗辩权unstable counter-argument right同时履行抗辩权defense right of simultaneous performance 既得权tested right期待权expectant right 专属权exclusive right 非专属权non-exclusive right人身权利personal right 人权human right 人格权right of personality生命健康权right of life and health 姓名权right of name 名称权right of name肖像权right of portraiture 自由权right of freedom 名誉权right reputation隐私权right of privacy 私生活秘密权right of privacy 贞操权virginity right身份权right of status 亲权parental power; parental right 亲属权right of relative探视权visitation right 配偶权right of spouse 荣誉权right of honor权利的保护protection of right 公力救济public protection 私力救济self-protection权利本位standard of right 社会本位standard of society 无责任行为irresponsible right正当防卫justifiable right; ligitimate defence 防卫行为act of defence自为行为self-conducting act 紧急避险act of rescue; necessity 自助行为act of self-help不可抗力force majeure 意外事件accident 行为能力capacity for act意思能力capacity of will 民事行为civil act 意思表示declaration of intention意思表示一致meeting of minds; consensus 完全行为能力perfect capacity for act限制行为能力restrictive capacity for act 准禁治产人quasi-interdicted person保佐protection 自治产人minor who is capable of administering his own capacity无行为能力incapacity for act 禁治产人interdicted person 自然人natural person公民citizen 住所domicile 居所residence 经常居住地frequently dwelling place户籍census register 监护guardianship 个体工商户individual business农村承包经营户leaseholding rural household 合伙partnership 合伙人partner合伙协议partnership agreement 合伙财产property of partnership合伙债务debt of partnership 入伙join partnership 退伙withdrawal from partnership合伙企业partnership business establishment 个人合伙partnership法人合伙partnership of legal person 特别合伙special partnership普通合伙general partnership 有限合伙limited partnership 民事合伙civil partnership隐名合伙sleeping partnership; dormant partnership 私营企业private enterprise; proprietorship 法人legal person 企业法人legal body of enterprise 企业集团group of enterprise关联企业affiliate enterprise 个人独资企业individual business establishment国有独资企业solely state-owned enterprise 中外合资企业Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise 中外合作企业Sino-foreign contractual enterprise 社团法人legal body of mass organization财团法人legal body of financial group 联营joint venture法人型联营association of legal persons 合伙型联营coordinated management in partnership协作型联营cooperation-type coordinated management 合作社cooperative民事法律行为civil legal act 单方民事法律行为unilateral civil legal act双方民事法律行为bilateral civil legal act 多方民事法律行为joint act civil legal act有偿民事法律行为civil legal act with consideration无偿民事法律行为civil legal act without consideration; civil legal act without award实践性民事法律行为practical civil legal act 诺成性民事法律行为consental civil legal act要式民事法律行为formal civil legal act 不要式民事法律行为informal civil legal act要因民事法律行为causative civil legal act 不要因民事法律行为noncausative civil legal act 主民事法律行为principal civil legal act 从民事法律行为accessory civil legal act附条件民事法律行为conditional civil legal act 附期限民事法律行为civil legal act with term 生前民事法律行为civil legal act before death 死后民事法律行为civil legal act after death准民事法律行为quasi-civil legal act 无效行为ineffective act可撤销民事行为revocable civil act 违法行为illegal act; unlawful act 侵权行为tort欺诈fraud 胁迫duress 乘人之危taking advantage o f others’ precarious position以合法形式掩盖非法目的legal form concealing illegal intention恶意串通malicious collaboration 重大误解gross misunderstanding 显失公平obvious unjust 误传misrepresentation 代理agency 本人principal 被代理人principal 受托人trustee代理人agent 本代理人original agent 法定代理人statutory agent; legal agent委托代理人agent by mandate 指定代理人designated agent 复代理人subagent再代理人subagent 转代理人subagent 代理权right of agency 授权行为act of authorization 授权委托书power of attorney 代理行为act of agency 委托代理agency by mandate本代理original agency 复代理subagency 次代理subagency 有权代理authorized agency 表见代理agency by estoppel; apparent agency 律师代理agency by lawyer普通代理general agency 全权代理general agency全权代理委托书general power of attorney 共同代理joint agency 独家代理sole agency居间brokerage 居间人broker 行纪commission; broker house 信托trust时效time limit; prescription; limitation 时效中止suspension of prescription/limitation时效中断interruption of limitation/prescription 时效延长extension of limitation取得时效acquisitive prescription 时效终止lapse of time; termination of prescription期日date 期间term 涉外民事关系civil relations with foreign elements冲突规范rule of conflict 准据法applicable law; governing law 反致renvoi; remission转致transmission 识别identification 公共秩序保留reserve of public order法律规避evasion of law 国籍nationality 国有化nationalization 法律责任legal liability民事责任civil liability/responsibility 行政责任administrative liability/responsibility刑事责任criminal liability/responsibility违约责任liability of breach of contract; responsibility of default 有限责任limited liability无限责任unlimited liability 按份责任shared/several liability连带责任joint and several liability 过失责任liability for negligence; negligent liability过错责任fault liability; liability for fault 单独过错sole fault 共同过错joint fault混合过错mixed fault 被害人过错victi m’s fault 第三人过错third party’s fault推定过错presumptive fault 恶意bad faith; malice故意deliberate intention; intention; willfulness 过失negligence 重大过失gross negligence疏忽大意的过失careless and inadvertent negligence过于自信的过失negligence with undue assumption 损害事实facts of damage有形损失tangible damage/loss 无形损失intangible damage/loss财产损失property damage/loss 人身损失personal damage/loss精神损失spiritual damage/loss民事责任承担方式methods of bearing civil liability 停止侵害cease the infringing act排除妨碍exclusion of hindrance; removal of obstacle 消除危险elimination of danger返还财产restitution of property 恢复原状restitution; restitution of original state赔偿损失compensate for a loss; indemnify for a loss支付违约金payment of liquidated damage 消除影响eliminate ill effects恢复名誉rehabilitate one’s reputation 赔礼道歉extend a formal apology物权jus ad rem; right in rem; real right物权制度real right system; right in rem system一物一权原则the principal of One thing, One Right物权法定主义principal of legality of right in rem物权公示原则principal of public summons of right in rem 物权法jus rerem物property 生产资料raw material for production生活资料means of livelihood; means of subsistence流通物res in commercium; a thing in commerce 限制流通物limited merchantable thing禁止流通物res extra commercium; a thing out of commerce 资产asset 固定资产fixed asset 流动资产current asset; floating asset 动产movables; chattel 不动产immovable; real estate特定物res certae; a certain thing 种类物genus; indefinite thing可分物res divisibiles; divisible things 不可分物res indivisibiles; indivisible things主物res capitalis; a principal thing 从物res accessoria; an accessory thing原物original thing 孳息fruits 天然孳息natural fruits 法定孳息legal fruits无主物bona vacatia; vacant goods; ownerless goods 遗失物lost property漂流物drifting object 埋藏物fortuna; hidden property 货币currency证券securities 债券bond 物权分类classification of right in rem/real right自物权jus in re propria; right of full ownership 所有权dominium; ownership; title所有权凭证document of title; title of ownership 占有权dominium utile; equitable ownership 使用权right of use; right to use of 收益权right to earnings; right to yields处分权right of disposing; jus dispodendi 善意占有possession in good faith恶意占有malicious possession 按份共有several possession 共同共有joint possession他物权jus in re aliena 用益物权real right for usufruct 使用权right to use; right of use土地使用权right to the use of land 林权forest ownership 采矿权mining ownership经营权managerial authority; power of management 承包经营权right to contracted management相邻权neighboring right; relatedright 地上权superficies永佃权jus emphyteuticum; right to landed estate granted in perpetuity through a contract地役权servitude; easement 人役权servitus personarum; personal servitude担保物权real right for security 物的担保security for thing物的瑕疵担保warranty against defect of a thing抵押权hypotheca; hypothecation; right to mortgage 抵押权的设定creation of right to mortgage 抵押人mortgagor 抵押权人mortgagee 抵押标的物collateral; estate under mortgage抵押权的效力deffect of right to mortgage 抵押权的次序sequence of right to mortgage抵押权的抛弃abandonment of right to mortgage 抵押权的让与alienation of right to mortgage抵押权的实现materialization of right to mortgage抵押权的消灭extinction of right to mortgageregistration of estate under mortgage抵押物登记registration of estate under mortgage 抵押优先权priority of mortgage留置权lien 一般留置权general lien 特别留置权special lien质权hypotheque; pledge; right of pledge 佃权tenant right债权jus in personam; right to give or pro cure; claim; creditor’s right债权人creditor 债务人debtor 相对人counterpart; offeree 给付give; pay债务debt; liability; obligation 债务的偿还payment of debt 债务的偿清discharge of debt债务的担保guarantee of debt 债务的合并consolidation of debt债务的给付日期debt maturity 债务的免除exemption of debt 债的分类obligatio; obligation 法定之债legal obligation 任意之债voluntary obligation 简单之债simple obligation选择之债alternative obligation 主债prime/principal obligation 从债accessory obligation单一之债single obligation 按份之债several obligation 连带之债joint obligation特定之债certain obligation 种类之债indefinite obligation 合同之债contractual obligation 侵权行为之债tort obligation损害赔偿之债obligation of compensation for injury; obligation of damages人身损害damage to person 精神损害moral/mental/spiritual damage医药费hospital treatment expense 医疗费medical charge 抚恤金pension慰问金consolation money 产品瑕疵defect of product 不当得利unjust enrichment无因管理voluntary service债的担保guarantee of obligation 财产担保property guarantee 信用担保credit guarantee让与担保alienation guarantee 保证guaranty 明示保证express guaranty默示保证implied guaranty 保证人guarantor 保证合同contract of guaranty/suretyship保证金guaranty bond; security deposit 押金deposit; foregift 预付款advanced payment定金earnest money; deposit 违约金liquidated damages法定违约金liquidated damages by law 约定违约金liquidated damages by agreement债的履行performance of obligation 实际履行原则doctrine of specific performance情事变更原则doctrine of change of circumstances 不当履行misfeasance清偿discharge; satisfaction提存debtor’s submission of the subject matter of obli gation to competent authority 抵销setoff知识产权intellectual property知识产权国际保护international protection of intellectual property国民待遇原则doctrine of national treatment 优先权原则a right of priority doctrine自动保护原则doctrine of automatic protection 特许权使用费royalties智力成果intellectual property 著作权copyright 版权copyright 著作权人copyright owner 创作creation 作品opus; product; work 著作人格权right of personality of copyright发表权right of publication 署名权right of authorship; right of paternity修改权right of modification; right of revision 完整性保持权right to maintain integrity不可侵犯权inviolability 收回权right of recall; right of retrieval自费出版publish a boo k at the author’s own expense 著作财产权property right in work使用收益分享权right to share usufruct 利用权right to make use of获得报酬权right to get payment 重播权right of rebroadcasting 录制权right of fixation。
法律英语资料常用词汇大全
法律英语常用词汇大全案件受理费court acceptance fee案情重大、复杂important and complicated case案由cause of action案子case包揽诉讼monopolize lawsuits被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件)被上诉人appellee被诉人respondent; defendant本案律师councel pro hac vice本地律师local counsel毕业证diploma; graduation certificate辩护词defense; pleadings辩护律师defense lawyer辩护要点point of defense辩护意见submission财产租赁property tenancy裁定书order; ruling; determination（指终审裁定）裁决书award（用于仲裁）裁决书verdict（用于陪审团）采信的证据admitted evidence; established evidence草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests查阅法条source legal provisions产权转让conveyancing出差go on errand; go on a business trip出国深造further study abroad出具律师意见书providing legal opinion出示的证据exhibit出庭appear in court传票summons; subpoena答辩状answer; reply代理词representation代理房地产买卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations代理仲裁agency for arbitration代写文书drafting of legal instruments待决案件pending case当事人陈述statement of the parties第三人third party吊销执业证revocation of lawyer license调查笔录investigative record调查取证investigation and gathering for evidence调解mediation调解书mediation二审案件case of trial of second instance发送电子邮件send e-mail法律顾问legal consultants法律意见书legal opinions法律援助legal aid法律咨询legal counseling船舶登记证书certificate of registry船舶丈量tonnage measurement of ships船舶进港费groundage船舶抵押ship mortgage船舶租赁ship chartering船舶转租ship subchartering船舶所有人责任限制limitation of liabilities of ship owners 船舶碰撞ship collision船舶遇难maritime distress海上灾难perils of the sea海上拖航marine towage船舶扣押detention of ship船舶债权ship’s credit船级社classification society船级证书certificate of class海上留置权maritime lien船舶留置权maritime lien船舶抵押权maritime mortgage海上优先请求权priority claim to seagoing ships救助优先权priority claim to salvage共同海损优先权priority claim to general average服务优先权priority claim to service货物损害优先权priority claim to cargo damage传播抵押借款和货物抵押借款优先权priority claim to ship credit and goods credit 海运合同shipping contract提单bill of lading(B/L)空舱费dead freight租船费charterage租船合同charter-party contract of affreightment期租船合同time charter-party; time CP航次租船合同voyage charter-party定期租船合同time charter-party光船租船合同bareboat charter-party; bareboat CP包租运输合同shipping charter-party海上旅客运输合同contract for carriage of passengers by sea远洋拖带合同contract of ocean towage港内拖带合同contract of port towage海难救助合同salvage contract海事报告master’s protest;; sea protest海事声明书sea protest海事争议maritime dispute海事法院maritime court;; admiralty court海事诉讼程序maritime proceedings船舶碰撞案件的民事管辖权civil jurisdiction of sea collision船舶碰撞案件的刑事管辖权criminal jurisdiction of sea collision海事争议的审理hearing/trial of maritime disputes海事诉讼保全措施measures for maritime attachment海事优先请求权preferential right top maritime claim海事请求保全申请书application/petition for maritime attachment海事诉讼法律文书送达service of legal instruments in maritime action/proceedings 涉外海事诉讼管辖权jurisdiction of maritime action involving for elements强制变卖被扣押船舶compulsory realization of the distrained ship海事仲裁程序规则rules of maritime arbitration procedure保险法insurance law自愿保险voluntary insurance强制保险compulsory insurance商业保险commercial insurance财产保险property insurance人身保险personal insurance人寿保险life insurance健康保险health insurance意外保险accident insurance社会保险social insurance养老保险endowment insurance医疗保险medical insurance失业保险unemployment insurance信用保险credit insurance保证保险guaranty insurance保险合同insurance contract保险人insurer; underwriter被保险人the insured受益人benificiary投保人applicant for insurance;; policy holder 保险单insurance policy保险标的insurance object保险费premium保险期限time limit of insurance保险利益insurable interest保险金额insurance; insurance compensation 保险事故insurance accident保险赔偿insurance indemnity保险代理人insurance agent保险经纪人insurance broker索赔claim代位索赔claim by subrogation理赔settlement of claim代位求偿权right of subrogation委付abandonment退保cancellation/discharging of insurance五、刑法总论刑法学criminal law; penal law犯罪学criminology犯罪心理学criminal psychology劳动改造法学reform-through-labor中国刑法史history of Chinese criminal law比较刑法学comparative criminal law刑事侦查criminal detection司法精神病学forensic psychiatry罪刑法定原则principal of a legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime 罪刑相适应原则principal of suiting punishment to crime罪责自负原则principal of bearing responsibility solely for one’s own crime惩罚与教育相结合原则principal of combining punishment with education从旧原则the doctrine of observing old laws从新原则the doctrine of observing new laws从旧兼从轻原则the doctrine of observing old laws and new ones when with lighter punishment英语 | 日语 | 法语 | 韩语 | 部落 | 小D | 网店 | 网校 | 更多热门关键词：学英语英语四级英语六级网校体验班美剧听写BEC 词汇天天向上沪江品牌录沪江英语实用英语娱乐英语考试英语基础英语法律英语常用词汇大全所属：沪江英语阅读：13360 评论：0把喜欢的文章收藏起来，日后复习吧！哎呀，可惜你是未注册用户！本文相关应用•鼠标划词已启用•挑错•收藏•评论•打印法律英语常用词汇大全一、律师部分案件受理费court acceptance fee案情重大、复杂important and complicated case案由cause of action案子case包揽诉讼monopolize lawsuits被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件) 被上诉人appellee被诉人respondent; defendant本案律师councel pro hac vice本地律师local counsel毕业证diploma; graduation certificate辩护词defense; pleadings辩护律师defense lawyer辩护要点point of defense辩护意见submission财产租赁property tenancy裁定书order; ruling; determination（指终审裁定）裁决书award（用于仲裁）裁决书verdict（用于陪审团）采信的证据admitted evidence; established evidence草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests 查阅法条source legal provisions产权转让conveyancing出差go on errand; go on a business trip出国深造further study abroad出具律师意见书providing legal opinion出示的证据exhibit出庭appear in court传票summons; subpoena答辩状answer; reply代理词representation代理房地产买卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations代理仲裁agency for arbitration代写文书drafting of legal instruments待决案件pending case当事人陈述statement of the parties第三人third party吊销执业证revocation of lawyer license调查笔录investigative record调查取证investigation and gathering for evidence调解mediation调解书mediation二审案件case of trial of second instance发送电子邮件send e-mail法律顾问legal consultants法律意见书legal opinions法律援助legal aid法律咨询legal counseling法庭division; tribunal法学博士学位LL.D (Doctor of Laws)法学会law society法学课程legal courses法学硕士学位LL.M (Master of Laws)法学系faculty of law; department of law法学学士学位LL.B (Bachelor of Laws)J.D ( juris doctor缩写，美国法学学士)法学院law school法院公告court announcement反诉状counterclaim房地产律师real estate lawyer; real property lawyer 非合伙律师associate lawyer非诉讼业务non-litigation practice高级合伙人senior partner高级律师senior lawyer各类协议和合同agreements and contracts公安局Public Security Bureau公司上市company listing公诉案件public-prosecuting case公证书notarial certificate国办律师事务所state-run law office国际贸易international trade国际诉讼international litigation国内诉讼domestic litigation合伙律师partner lawyer合伙制律师事务所law office in partner-ship; cooperating law ofice 合同审查、草拟、修改contract review, drafting and revision会见当事人interview a client会见犯罪嫌疑人interview a criminal suspect兼职律师part-time lawyer监狱prison; jail鉴定结论expert conclusion缴纳会费membership dues举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi决定书decision勘验笔录record of request看守所detention house抗诉书protest控告人accuser; complainant跨国诉讼transnational litigation劳动争议labor disputes劳动争议仲裁委员会arbitration committee for labor disputes劳改场reform-through-labor farm; prison farm利害关系人interested party; party in interest律管处处长director of lawyer control department律师lawyer attorney; attorney at law律师惩戒lawyer discipline律师法Lawyer Law律师费lawyer fee律师函lawyer’s letter律师见证lawyer attestation/authentication律师见证书lawyer certification/authentication/witness律师卷宗lawyer’s docile; file律师刊物lawyer’s journal律师联系电话contact phone number of a lawyer律师事务所law office; law firm律师收费billing by lawyer律师网站lawyer website律师协会National Bar (Lawyer) Association律师协会会员member of Lawyer Association律师协会秘书长secretary general of Bar (Lawyer) Association 律师协会章程Articles of Lawyer Assocition律师业务室lawyer’s office律师执业证lawyer license律师助理assistant lawyer律师资格考试bar exam; lawyer qualification exam律师资格证lawyer qualification certificate民事案件civil case民事调解civil mediation民事诉讼civil litigation派出所local police station; police substation判决judgement(用于民事、行政案件);determination(用于终审);sentence(用于刑事案);verdict(由陪审团作出)旁证circumstantial evidence企业章程articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw 企业重组corporate restructure起诉状information; indictment取消律师资格disbar全国律师代表大会National Lawyer Congress缺席宣判pronounce judgement or determination by default人民法院People’s Court人民检察院People’s Procuratorate认定事实determine facts上诉案件case of trial of second instance; appellate case上诉人appellant上诉状petition for appeal涉外律师lawyers specially handling foreign-related matters 申请复议administrative reconsideration petition申请加入律师协会application for admission to Law Association 申请人petitioner; claimant申诉案件appeal case申诉人（仲裁）claimant; plaintiff申诉书appeal for revision, petition for revision实习律师apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period实习律师证certificate of apprentice lawyer视听证据audio-visual reference material适用法律apply law to facts受害人victim书证documentary evidence司法部Ministry of Justice司法建议书judicial advise司法局Judicial Bureau司法局副局长deputy director of Judicial Bureau司法局局长director of Judicial Bureau司法统一考试uniform judicial exam送达service of process诉讼litigation; action; lawsuit诉讼当事人litigation party; litigious party诉讼业务litigation practice诉状complaint; bill of complaint; statement of claim 推销法律服务promote/market legal service外国律师事务所foreign law office委托代理合同authorized representation contract委托代理人agent ad litem; entrusted agent委托授权书power of attorney物证material evidence嫌疑人criminal suspect项目融资project financing项目谈判project negotiating刑事案件criminal case刑事诉讼criminal litigation行政诉讼administrative litigation休庭adjourn the court; recess宣判pronounce judgement; determination宣誓书affidavit业务进修attendance in advanced studies一审案件case of trial of first instance与国外律师事务所交流communicate with foreign law firms原告plaintiff证券律师securities lawyer证人证言testimony of witness; affidavit执行笔录execution record执业登记registration for practice执业范围scope of practice; sphere of practice; practice area 执业申请practice application执业证年检annual inspection of lawyer license仲裁arbitration仲裁案件arbitration case仲裁机构arbitration agency专门律师specialized lawyer专职律师professional lawyer; full-time lawyer撰写法律文章write legal thesis资信调查credit standing investigation自诉案件private prosecuting case二、诉讼法律案件case案件发回remand/rimit a case (to a low court)案件名称title of a case案卷材料materials in the case案情陈述书statement of case案外人person other than involved in the case案值total value involved in the case败诉方losing party办案人员personnel handling a case保全措施申请书application for protective measures 报案report a case (to security authorities)被告defendant; the accused被告人最后陈述final statement of the accused被告向原告第二次答辩rejoinder被害人victim被害人的诉讼代理人victim’s agent ad litem被上诉人respondent; the appellee被申请人respondent被申请执行人party against whom execution is filed 被执行人person subject to enforcement本诉principal action必要共同诉讼人party in necessary co-litigation变通管辖jurisdiction by accord辩护defense辩护律师defense attorney/lawyer辩护人defender辩护证据exculpatory evidence; defense evidence辩论阶段stage of court debate驳回反诉dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim驳回请求deny/dismiss a motion驳回上诉、维持原判reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling驳回诉讼dismiss an action/suit驳回通知书notice of dismissal驳回自诉dismiss/reject a private prosecution驳回自诉裁定书ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case补充答辩supplementary answer补充判决supplementary judgement补充侦查supplementary investigation不公开审理trial in camera不立案决定书written decision of no case-filing不批准逮捕决定书written decision of disapproving an arrest不起诉nol pros不予受理起诉通知书notice of dismissal of accusation by the court财产保全申请书application for attachment; application for property preservation 裁定order; determination (指最终裁定)裁定管辖jurisdiction by order裁定书order; ruling裁决书award采信的证据admitted evidence查封seal up撤回上诉withdraw appeal撤诉withdraw a lawsuit撤销立案revoke a case placed on file撤销原判，发回重审rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial出示的证据exhibit除权判决invalidating judgement (for negotiable instruments)传唤summon; call传闻证据hearsay答辩answer; reply答辩陈述书statement of defence答辩状answer; reply大法官associate justices; justice大检察官deputy chief procurator代理控告agency for accusation代理申诉agency for appeal代理审判员acting judge代为申请取保候审agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving弹劾式诉讼accusatory procedure当事人陈述statement of the parties当庭宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court地区管辖territorial jurisdiction地区检察分院inter-mediate People’s Procuratorate第三人third party调查笔录record of investigation定期宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date定罪证据incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence冻结freeze督促程序procedure of supervision and urge独任庭sole-judge bench独任仲裁员sole arbitrator对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施compulsory measures against impairment of civil action对席判决judgement inter parties二审trial of second instance二审案件case of trial of second insurance 罚款impose a fine法定证据statutory legal evidence法定证据制度system of legal evidence法官judges法警bailiff; court police法律文书legal instruments/papers法律援助legal aid法律咨询legal consulting法庭辩论court debate法庭调查court investigation法庭审理笔录court record法庭审理方式mode of court trial法庭庭长chief judge of a tribunal法院court法院公告court announcement反诉counterclaim反诉答辩状answer with counterclaim反诉状counterclaim犯罪嫌疑人criminal suspect附带民事诉讼案件a collateral civil action附带民事诉讼被告defendant of collateral civil action复查reexamination; recheck复验reinspect高级法官senior judge高级检察官senior procurator高级人民法院Higher People’s Court告诉案件case of complaint告诉才处理的案件case accepted at complaint告诉申诉庭complaint and petition division工读学校work-study school for delinquent children公安部Ministry of Public Security公安分局public security sub-bureau公安厅public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government公开审理trial in public公开审判制度open trial system公示催告程序procedure of public summons for exhortation公诉案件public-prosecuting case公诉词statement of public prosecution公证机关public notary office共同管辖concurrent jurisdiction管辖jurisdiction国际司法协助international judicial assistance海事法院maritime court合议庭collegial panel合议庭评议笔录record of deliberating by the collegiate bench和解composition; compromise核对诉讼当事人身份check identity of litigious parties恢复执行resumption of execution回避withdrawal混合式诉讼mixed action基层人民法院basic People’s Court羁押期限term in custody级别管辖subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels 监视居住living at home under surveillance监狱prison检察官procurator检察权prosecutorial power检察委员会procuratorial/prosecutorial committee检察院procuratorate检察院派出机构outpost tribunal of procuratorate简易程序summary procedure鉴定结论expert conclusion经济审判庭economic tribunal径行判决direct adjudication without sessions; judgement without notice 纠问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings拘传summon by force; summon by warrant拘留所detention house举报information/report of an offence举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi决定书decision军事法院military procuratorate开庭审理open a court session开庭通知notice of court session勘验笔录record of inquest看守所detention house可执行财产executable property控告式诉讼accusatory proceedings控诉证据incriminating evidence控诉职能accusation function扣押distrain on; attachment扣押物distress/distraint宽限期period of grace劳动争议仲裁申请书petition for labor dispute arbitration劳改场reform-through-labor farm劳教所reeducation-through-labor office类推判决的核准程序procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence累积证据cumulative evidence立案报告place a case on file立案管辖functional jurisdiction立案决定书written decision of case-filing立案侦查report of placing a case on file利害关系人interested party临时裁决书interim award律师见证书lawyer’s written attestation; lawyer’s written authentication 律师事务所law office; law firm律师提前介入prior intervention by lawyer免于刑事处分exemption from criminal penalty民事案件civil case民事审判庭civil tribunal民事诉讼civil action民事诉讼法Civil Procedural Law扭送seize and deliver a suspect to the police派出法庭detached tribunal派出所police station判决judgement; determination判决书judgement; determination; verdict (指陪审团作出的)旁证circumstantial evidence陪审员juror批准逮捕approval of arrest破案clear up a criminal case; solve a criminal case破产bankruptcy; insolvency普通程序general/ordinary procedure普通管辖general jurisdiction企业法人破产还债程序procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation起诉filing of a lawsuit起诉sue; litigate; prosecute; institution of proceedings起诉状indictment; information区县检察院grassroots People’s Procuratorate取保候审the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving缺席判决default judgement人民调解委员会People’s Mediation Committee认定财产无主案件cases concerning determination of property as qwnerless认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件cases concerning determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity上诉appeal上诉人appellant上诉状petition for appeal少管所juvenile prison社会治安综合治理comprehensive treatment of social security涉外案件cases involving foreign interests涉外民事诉讼foreign civil proceedings涉外刑事诉讼foreign criminal proceedings申请人applicant; petitioner申请书petition; application for arbitration申请执行人execution applicant申诉人宣誓书claimant’s affidavit of authenticity申诉书appeal for revision; petition for revision神示证据制度system of divinity evidence神示制度ordeal system审查案件case review审查并决定逮捕examine and decide arrest审查起诉阶段stage of review and prosecution审理通知书notice of hearing审判长presiding judge审判长宣布开庭presiding judge announce court in session 审判管辖adjudgement/trial jurisdiction审判监督程序procedure for trial supervision审判委员会judicial committee审判员judge审问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings生效判决裁定legally effective judgement/order胜诉方winning party省市自治区检察院higher People’s Procuratorate失踪和死亡宣告declaration of disappearance and death实（质）体证据substantial evidence实物证据tangible evidence实在证据real evidence示意证据demonstrative evidence视听证据audio-visual evidence收容所collecting post; safe retreat首席大法官chief justice首席检察官chief procurator受害人的近亲属victim’s immediate family受理acceptance受理刑事案件审批表registration form of acceptance of criminal case受送达人the addressee书记员court clerk书记员宣读法庭纪律court clerk reads court rules书证documentary evidence司法部Ministry of Justice司法机关judicial organizatons司法警察judicial police司法局judicial bureau司法厅judicial bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government司法协助judicial assistance死缓的复核judicial review of death sentence with a retrieve死刑复核程序procedure for judicial review of death sentence死刑复核权competence for judicial review of death sentence送达service of process送达传票service of summons/subpoena送达诉状service of bill of complaint搜查search诉sue; suit; action; lawsuit诉前财产保全property attachment prior to lawsuit诉讼litigation; lawsuit; sue; action诉讼保全attachment诉讼参加人litigious participants诉讼代理人agent ad litem诉状complaint; bill of complaint; state of claim特别程序special procedures提起公诉institute a public prosecution铁路法院railway court铁路检察院railroad transport procuratorate庭审程序procedure of court trial通缉wanted for arrest投案appearance退回补充侦查return of a case for supplementary investigation 委托辩护entrusted defense未成年人法庭juvenile court无行政职务的法官associate judge无正当理由拒不到庭refuse to appear in court without due cause 无罪判决acquittal, finding of “ not guilty ”物证material evidence先予执行申请书application for advanced execution先予执行advanced execution刑事案件criminal case刑事拘留criminal detention刑事强制拘留criminal coercive/compulsory measures刑事审判庭criminal tribunal刑事诉讼criminal proceedings刑事诉讼法Criminal Procedural Law刑事自诉状self-incriminating criminal complaint行政案件administrative case行政审判庭administrative tribunal行政诉讼administrative proceedings行政诉讼法Administrative Procedural Law宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件cases concerning the declaration of disappearance and death宣判笔录record of rendition of judgement选民资格案件cases concerning qualifications of voters询问证人inquire/question a witness训诫reprimand讯问笔录record of interrogation询问犯罪嫌疑人interrogate criminal suspect言词证据verbal evidence要求传唤证人申请书application for subpoena一裁终局arbitration award shall be final and binding一审trial of first instance一审案件case of trial of first instance应诉通知书notice of respondence to action有罪判决sentence; finding of “guilty”予审preliminary examinantion; pretrial原告plaintiff院长court president阅卷笔录record of file review (by lawyers)再审案件case of retrial再审申请书petition for retrial责令具结悔过order to sign a statement of repentance债权人会议creditors’ meeting侦查阶段investigation stage侦查终结conclusion of investigation征询原、被告最后意见consulting final opinion of the plaintiff and defendant 证据evidence证据保全preserve evidence证据保全申请书application for evidence preservation证人证言testimony of witness; affidavit支付令payment order/warrant知识产权庭intellectual property tribunal执行程序procedure execution执行逮捕execution of arrest执行和解conciliation of execution执行回转recovery of execution执行庭executive tribunal执行异议objection to execution执行员executor执行中止discontinuance of execution执行终结conclusion of execution指定辩护appointed defense指定仲裁员声明statement of appointing arbitrator中级人民法院intermediate People’s Court中途退庭retreat during court session without permission 仲裁arbitration仲裁被诉人respondent; defendant仲裁裁决award仲裁申请书arbitration仲裁申诉人claimant; plaintiff仲裁庭arbitration tribunal仲裁委员会arbitration committee仲裁协议arbitration agreement; clauses of arbitration仲裁员arbitrator主诉检察官principal procurator助理检察官assistant procurator助理审判员assistant judge专门法院special court专门管辖specific jurisdiction专属管辖exclusive jurisdiction追究刑事责任investigate for criminal responsibility自首confession to justice自诉案件private-prosecuting case自行辩护self-defense自由心证制度doctrine of discretional evaluation of evidence 自侦案件self-investigating case最高人民法院the Supreme People’s Court最高人民检察院the Supreme People’s Procuratorate最后裁决书final award三、民事法律法律渊源source of law制定法statute判例法case law; precedent普通法common law特别法special law固有法native law; indigenous law继受法adopted law实体法substantial law程序法procedural law原则法fundamental law例外法exception law司法解释judicial interpretation习惯法customary law公序良俗public order and moral自然法natural law罗马法Roman Law私法private law公法public law市民法jus civile万民法jus gentium民法法系civil law system英美法系system of Anglo-American law 大陆法系civil law system普通法common law大陆法continental law罗马法系Roman law system英吉利法English law衡平法equity; law of equity日尔曼法Germantic law教会法ecclesiastical law寺院法canon law伊斯兰法Islamic law民法法律规范norm of civil law授权规范authorization norm禁止规范forbidding norm义务性规范obligatory norm命令性规范commanding norm民法基本原则fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则principle of equality自愿原则principle of free will公平原则principle of justice等价有偿原则principle of equal value exchange 诚实信用原则principle of good faith行为act作为act不作为omission合法行为lawful act违法行为unlawful act民事权利权利能力civil right绝对权absolute right相对权relative right优先权right of priority先买权preemption原权antecedent right救济权right of relief支配权right of dominion请求权right of claim物上请求权right of claim for real thing 形成权right of formation撤销权right of claiming cancellation 否认权right of claiming cancellation 解除权right of renouncement代位权subrogated right选择权right of choice承认权right of admission终止权right of termination抗辩权right of defense一时性抗辩权momentary right of defense永久性抗辩权permanent counter-argument right不安抗辩权unstable counter-argument right同时履行抗辩权defense right of simultaneous performance 既得权tested right期待权expectant right专属权exclusive right非专属权non-exclusive right人身权利personal right人权human right人格权right of personality生命健康权right of life and health姓名权right of name名称权right of name肖像权right of portraiture自由权right of freedom名誉权right reputation隐私权right of privacy私生活秘密权right of privacy贞操权virginity right身份权right of status亲权parental power; parental right亲属权right of relative探视权visitation right配偶权right of spouse荣誉权right of honor权利的保护protection of right公力救济public protection私力救济self-protection权利本位standard of right社会本位standard of society无责任行为irresponsible right正当防卫justifiable right; ligitimate defence 防卫行为act of defence自为行为self-conducting act紧急避险act of rescue; necessity自助行为act of self-help不可抗力force majeure意外事件accident行为能力capacity for act意思能力capacity of will民事行为civil act意思表示declaration of intention意思表示一致meeting of minds; consensus完全行为能力perfect capacity for act限制行为能力restrictive capacity for act准禁治产人quasi-interdicted person保佐protection自治产人minor who is capable of administering his own capacity 无行为能力incapacity for act禁治产人interdicted person自然人natural person公民citizen住所domicile居所residence经常居住地frequently dwelling place户籍census register监护guardianship个体工商户individual business农村承包经营户leaseholding rural household合伙partnership合伙人partner合伙协议partnership agreement合伙财产property of partnership合伙债务debt of partnership入伙join partnership退伙withdrawal from partnership合伙企业partnership business establishment个人合伙partnership法人合伙partnership of legal person特别合伙special partnership普通合伙general partnership有限合伙limited partnership民事合伙civil partnership隐名合伙sleeping partnership; dormant partnership 私营企业private enterprise; proprietorship法人legal person企业法人legal body of enterprise企业集团group of enterprise关联企业affiliate enterprise个人独资企业individual business establishment国有独资企业solely state-owned enterprise中外合资企业Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise中外合作企业Sino-foreign contractual enterprise社团法人legal body of mass organization财团法人legal body of financial group联营joint venture法人型联营association of legal persons合伙型联营coordinated management in partnership协作型联营cooperation-type coordinated management合作社cooperative民事法律行为civil legal act单方民事法律行为unilateral civil legal act双方民事法律行为bilateral civil legal act多方民事法律行为joint act civil legal act有偿民事法律行为civil legal act with consideration无偿民事法律行为civil legal act without consideration; civil legal act without award实践性民事法律行为practical civil legal act诺成性民事法律行为consental civil legal act要式民事法律行为formal civil legal act不要式民事法律行为informal civil legal act要因民事法律行为causative civil legal act。
法院法律诉讼相关英语词汇(国外英语)
法院法律诉讼相关英语词汇（国外英语）1.Litigation（诉讼）：指在法院进行的法律程序，涉及原告和被告之间的争议解决。
2.Plaintiff（原告）：提起诉讼的一方，声称自己的权益受到侵害。
3.Defendant（被告）：被指控侵犯原告权益的一方，需在法庭上为自己辩护。
wsuit（诉讼案件）：指原告对被告提起的诉讼请求。
5.Court（法院）：审理诉讼案件的司法机关。
6.Judge（法官）：在法庭上审理案件、维护法律秩序的司法官员。
wyer（律师）：为当事人提供法律咨询、代理诉讼的专业人士。
8.Barrister（大律师）：在英美法系国家，指专门在法庭上代表当事人进行诉讼的律师。
9.Solicitor（事务律师）：在英美法系国家，指为客户提供法律咨询、处理法律事务的律师。
10.Trial（审判）：法院对案件进行审理的过程。
11.Verdict（裁决）：陪审团或法官对案件事实的认定。
12.Jury（陪审团）：在英美法系国家，由普通公民组成的审理案件事实的团体。
13.Witness（证人）：在法庭上提供证言的人。
14.Testimony（证词）：证人在法庭上所作的陈述。
15.Evidence（证据）：用以证明案件事实的材料。
16.Pleadings（诉状）：原告和被告在诉讼过程中提交的书面陈述。
17.Summons（传票）：法院发出的要求被告出庭应诉的通知。
18.Judgment（判决）：法院对案件作出的最终决定。
19.Appeal（上诉）：当事人对法院判决不服，请求上级法院重新审理的行为。
20.Execution（执行）：法院根据判决书，强制履行债务人的财产或行为。
当然，让我们继续丰富这份文档，探索更多与法院法律诉讼相关的英语词汇：21. Deposition（证人陈述）：在法庭审判之外，证人根据律师的提问所作的正式陈述，通常用于收集证据。
22. Discovery（证据开示）：诉讼过程中，双方当事人互相交换证据和信息的程序。
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Contributory Negligence——分担责任、过失责任
Contributory negligence， is a common law defence to a claim or action in tort. It applies to a situation where a plaintiff or claimant has, through their own negligence, caused or contributed to the injury they suffered from a tort. For example where a pedestrian crosses a road carelessly and is hit by a driver who is also driving carelessly.
Counter Claim——反诉、反要求、反索赔
A claim by the defendant in a civil action that the defendant is entitled to damages or other relief from the plaintiff.
【注】庭审口译员，即将庭审内容翻译成其他语言的人。庭审口译主要发生在刑事案件和青少年案件中，象离婚等民事案件无权要求庭审口译。
『笺』 有史记载的法庭口译最早可以追溯到十七世纪在南非的殖民时期（Moeketsi, 1999; Mikkelson，2000）。Colin Morris (1996)比较详细地记录了1682年和1820年在英国进行的有口译服务的庭审（引自Mikkelson，2000）。1682年的那次庭审涉及一件凶杀案，诉讼各方有多种语言背景。而当时法庭在决定哪一方诉讼人有权享有法庭口译服务时，依据的不是各方的语言需求而是阶级，即说英语的贵族才有权享有口译服务。1820年的庭审则是一场涉及卡罗琳王后的通奸案。该案的庭审口译不仅翻译了证人证言的语言内容，而且还解释了其中的文化差异（Mikkelson，2000）。
藐视法庭罪，是指负有举证责任的单位和个人迟延提交证据或者拒不提交证据；负有出庭作证的单位和个人无正当理由拒不出庭作证；负有协助法庭执行审判职务的义务拒不履行协助义务；拒不交纳法庭罚款；在法庭上辱骂或者殴打司法工作人员；对法官进行言语攻击和无理纠缠；聚众哄闹、冲击法庭、扰乱法庭秩序，情节严重的行为。
美国联邦法院于1978年制订了《庭审口译员法案》(Court Interpreters Act of 1978)，要求法庭口译员必须完整准确、一字不差地(verbatim)翻译源语信息，不得修饰和省略源语信息，不得更改源话语的语体和语域。该法案为联邦地方法院在美国作为原告时的民事和刑事诉讼中使用庭审口译服务提供了依据，也为颁发庭审口译员证书提供了依据，标志着美国议会对庭审口译这一专业性很的职业的认可。从此，法庭口译成为一个独立的职业，专门为英语水平较差者提供语言服务。该法案规定的两类服务对象是：只会说或主要说除英语以外的其他语言的，以及有听力障碍的。
Court Interpreter——庭审口译员
The person who translates court hearings from English to another language. Provided at state expense in all criminal cases and in cases enforcing child support orders, if requested. No interpreter is available for divorce or any other civil case.
最近在追<Drop Dead Diva>~每次听到“objection,your honour”都有感。。前几天记的Custody死活都不记得什么意思了。。拼也拼不来~ 所以为了威武，特意上网搜了一些法庭英语~ 英语。。。我要把你拿下。。
1、Oyez
美国最高法院开庭前，总要连喊三遍Oyez，叫大家注意并保持肃静，做为开庭前法官入席的一个仪式。Oyez起源于法语ou?r，在诺曼公爵征服英国后被做为法庭法语引进英国，意思是“注意听”或“你们听”。美国最高法院开庭前，有这么一段，听上去就像念经一样，充满了宗教的仪式感。
Continuance——休庭
The adjournment or postponement of a court case to another day.
【注】 即暂时中止一案件的审理，并择日再审。
Copyright——版权
An intangible right granted by statute to the author or originator of certain literary or artistic productions, whereby, for a limited period, the exclusive privilege is given to the person to make copies of the same for publication and sale.
Oyez! Oyez! Oyez! All persons having business before the Honorable, the Supreme Court of the United States, are admonished to draw near and give their attention, for the Court is now sitting. God save the United States and this Honorable Court!
【注】版权，是作者对他所创作的作品的发表、翻印、复制等专有权利，版权在作品完成后便自动产生及受法律保护，毋须经过任何注册程序，但必须为原创作品才拥有版权。
『笺』美国的第一部版权法是1790年版权法，这部法律保障作者14年出版“地图、图表和书籍”的专权。美国现行的版权法是1976年修改并于1978年月1月1日生效的版权法。尽管美国版权法是国内法，但其对于外国作者的版权在一定情况下给予保护。即不管作者的国籍，只要其作品于1978年1月1日后第一次在美国出版的，美国版权法对其权利给予一定的保护。如果外国作者的作品是1978年以前出版的，其必须是与美国签订有版权公约的有关国家的公民或者其在美国有住所。关于版权侵权方面，美国版权法仅限于保护侵权行为发生在美国的情况。对发生在美国国外的版权侵权问题，美国版权法一般不对版权所有者提供保护。
【注】藐视法庭，是一种严重的罪行，可以被判罚款或监禁。藐视法庭包括不遵守法庭命令、违反对法庭作出的承诺，妨碍司法公正等行为。
『笺』藐视法庭罪，其惩罚范围极其宽泛：凡不服从或不尊重法庭或法官、可能影响司法运作之言行，皆可入罪。蔑视法庭罪，部分是渊源于判例法，部分依据1981年《蔑视法庭法案》。
2、May it please the court
在美国法院，尤其是高级的法院，律师在陈述前一般都会来这么一句May it please the court…，意思是“庭上，请允许我……”以显示对于法庭的尊敬。
3、Your Honour
Your honour原意是“阁下”“大人”的意思，更多的是我们听见律师们在法庭上对于法官的尊称，即“尊敬的法官大人”。而对于在平时，更多的是直接称呼为Judge，在老美的各种法庭剧中，最常听见的一句就是律师高喊Objection, your honour了。在英国，在法庭上称呼法官则是My Lord。
【注】 法庭指定律师，指的是由法庭指定的以代某一案件的当事人进行辩护的律师。
『笺』美国宪法第六条修正案规定，被告人享有获得律师帮助为其辩护的权利。在司法实践中，这一保障被理解为在刑事诉讼的每个重要阶段被告人都可以由其律师代表，其目的是切实保障刑事被告人在刑事诉讼各阶段的合法权益不受侵犯，切实保障法庭的公正审判得以实现。如果被告人因贫穷无钱聘请律师，法院有义务为其指定律师，费用由政府方开支。
A finding of contempt of court may result from a failure to obey a lawful order of a court, showing disrespect for the judge, disruption of the proceedings through poor behavior, or publication of material deemed likely to jeopardize a fair trial. A judge may impose sanctions such as a fine or jail for someone found guilty of contempt of court. Typically judges in common law systems have more extensive power to declare someone in contempt than judges in civil law systems.
In English law (a common law jurisdiction) the law on contempt is partly set out in case law, and partly specified in the Contempt of Court Act 1981. Contempt may be a criminal or civil offence.
Othet——蔑视法庭、蔑视法庭
A finding that someone disobeyed a court order. Can also mean disrupting court, for example, by being loud or disrespectful in court.