7月全国自考英语科技文选试卷及答案解析
2020年7月全国自考英语科技文选试题及答案解析
全国自考2018年7月英语科技文选试题课程代码：00836PART A：VOCABULARYI．Directions: Add the affix to each word according to the given Chinese, making changes when necessary. (8%)1．consciously 意识1．______________2．variant 不变量2．______________3．guarantee 保证人3．______________4．play 相互作用4．______________5．scan 扫描仪5．______________6．diversify 变化；不同之处6．______________7．nourished 营养不良的7．______________8．rhythm 有节奏地8．______________II．Directions: Fill in the blanks, each using one of the given words or phrases below in its proper form. (12%)after all expose to contribute to a spectrum of in relation to response toa shower of delve into shake up (with)run for emanate from incomparison9．More people than ever before are _________ the city council.10．The whole world today is so much _________ the word “biotechnology” that it has become a strong belief that this is “the field” which will give solution to our “any” problem. 11．The money he had been ordered to pay was minimal _________ his salary.112．The law was passed by the town council in_________ complaints from local residents. 13．He should do well at college; _________, he is a very smart boy.14．Pollution _________ these sites and the movement of diseases across ecosystems have turned some environments off aquaculture.15．_________, photographs are recorded images of the intensity of ordinary, incoherent light.16．Everyone on the team _________ winning the game last Saturday.17．There’s _________ opinion on this question.18．A0620-00 was discovered in 1975, when it emitted _________ light and X rays. 19．Kate _________ new ideas when she went to college.20．Mary said she was tired of journalists’ digging and _________ her private life.III. Directions: Fill in each blank with a suitable word given below. (10%)true to called contain exclusively animals live diet fit eatA carnivore is an animal that eats a diet consisting mainly of meat, whether it comes from21 animals or dead ones (scavenging). Some 22 are considered carnivores even if their diets 23 very little meat (e.g., predatory arthropods such as spiders or mantids that may rarely consume small vertebrate prey). Animals that subsist on a 24 consisting only of meat are referred to as obligate carnivores. The word also refers 25 the mammals of the Order Carnivora, many (but not all) of which 26 the first definition. Bears are an example of members of Carnivora that are not 27 carnivores. Carnivores that 28 insects primarily or exclusively are 29 insectivores, while those that eat fish primarily or 30 are called piscivores.PART B：TRANSLATIONIV．Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, each using one of the given words or phrases below. (10%)cater for analytical draw on do justice to sth./sb. arbitrary231．她要做的事太多，因此没有好好上课。
2022年自考专业(英语)英语科技文选考试真题及答案37
2022年自考专业(英语)英语科技文选考试真题及答案一、阅读理解题Directions: Read through the following passages. Choose the best answer and put the letter in the bracket. (20%)1、 (A) With the recent award of the Nobel Prize in physics, the spectacular work on Bose-Einstein condensation in a dilute gas of atoms has been honored. In such a Bose-Einstein condensate, close to temperatures of absolute zero, the atoms lose their individuality and a wave-like state of matter is created that can be compared in many ways to laser light. Based on such a Bose-Einstein condensate researchers in Munich together with a colleague from the ETH Zurich have now been able to reach a new state of matter in atomic physics. In order to reach this new phase for ultracold atoms, the scientists store a Bose-Einstein condensate in a three-dimensional lattice of microscopic light traps. By increasing the strength of the lattice, the researchers are able to dramatically alter the properties of the gas of atoms and can induce a quantum phase transition from the superfluid phase of a Bose-Einsteincondensate to a Mott insulator phase. In this new state of matter it should now be possible to investigate fundamental problems of solid-state physics, quantum optics and atomic physics. For a weak optical lattice the atoms form a superfluid phase of a Bose-Einstein condensate. In this phase, each atom is spread out over the entire lattice in a wave-like manner as predicted by quantum mechanics. The gas of atoms may then move freely through the lattice. For a strong optical lattice the researchers observe a transition to an insulating phase, with an exact number of atoms at each lattice site. Now the movement of the atoms through the lattice is blocked due to therepulsive interactions between them. Some physicists have been able to show that it is possible to reversibly cross the phase transition between these two states of matter. The transition is called a quantum phase transition because it is driven by quantum fluctuations and can take place even at temperatures of absolute zero. These quantum fluctuations are a direct consequence of Heisenberg’s uncertainty relation. Normally phase transitions are driven by thermal fluctuations, which are absent at zero temperature. With their experiment, the researchers in Munich have been able to enter a new phase in the physics of ultracold atoms. In the Mott insulator state theatoms can no longer be described by the highly successful theories for Bose-Einstein condensates. Now theories are required that take into account the dominating interactions between the atoms and which are far less understood. Here the Mott insulator state may help in solving fundamental questions of strongly correlated systems, which are the basis for our understanding of superconductivity. Furthermore, the Mott insulator state opens many exciting perspectives for precision matter-wave interferometry and quantum computing.What does the passage mainly discuss?A.Bose-Einstein condensation.B.Quantum phase transitions.C.The Mott insulator state.D.Optical lattices.2、What will the scientists possibly do by reaching the new state of matter in atomic physics?A.Store a Bose-Einstein condensate in three-dimensional lattice of microscopic light traps.B.Increase the strength of the lattice.C.Alter the properties of the gas of atoms.D.Examine fundamental problems of atomic physics.3、Which of the following is NOT mentioned in relation to aweak optical lattice?A.The atoms form a superfluid phase of a Bose-Einstein condensate.B.Each atom is spread out over the entire lattice.C.The gas of atoms may move freely through the lattice.D.The superfluid phase changes into an insulating phase.4、What can be said about the quantum phase transition?A.It can take place at temperatures of absolute zero.B.It cannot take place above the temperatures of absolute zero.C.It is driven by thermal fluctuations.D.It is driven by the repulsive interactions between atoms.5、The author implies all the following about the Mott insulator state EXCEPT that______.A.the theory of Bose-Einstein condensation can’t possibly account for the atoms in the Mott insulator stateB.not much is known about the dominating interactions between the atoms in the Mott insulator stateC.it offers new approaches to exact quantum computingD.it forms a superfluid phase of a Bose-Einstein condensate6、 (B) Gene therapy and gene-based drugs are two ways we would benefit from our growing mastery of genetic science. But therewill be others as well. Here is one of the remarkable therapies on the cutting edge of genetic research that could make their way into mainstream medicine in the c oming years. While it’s true that just about every cell in the body has the instructions to make a complete human, most of those instructions are inactivated, and with good reason: the last thing you want for your brain cells is to start churning out stomach acid or your nose to turn into a kidney. The only time cells truly have the potential to turn into any and all body parts is very early in a pregnancy, when so-called stem cells haven’t begun to specialize. Most diseases involve the death of healthy cells—brain cells in Alzheimer’s, cardiac cells in heart disease, pancreatic cells in diabetes, to name a few; if doctors could isolate stem cells, then direct their growth, they might be able to furnish patients with healthy replacement tissue. It was incredibly difficult, but last fall scientists at the University of Wisconsin managed to isolate stem cells and get them to grow into neural, gut, muscle and bone cells. The process still can’t be controlled, and may have unforeseen limitations; but if efforts to understand and master stem-cell development prove successful, doctors will have a therapeutic tool of incredible power. The same applies to cloning, whichis really just the other side of the coin; true cloning, as first shown, with the sheep Dolly two years ago, involves taking a developed cell and reactivating the genome within, resenting its developmental instructions to a pristine state. Once that happens, the rejuvenated cell can develop into a full-fledged animal, genetically identical to its parent. For agriculture, in which purely physical characteristics like milk production in a cow or low fat in a hog have real market value, biological carbon copies could become routine within a few years. This past year scientists have done for mice and cows what Ian Wilmut did for Dolly, and other creatures are bound to join the cloned menagerie in the coming year. Human cloning, on the other hand, may be technically feasible but legally and emotionally more difficult. Still, one day it will happen. The ability to reset body cells to a pristine, undeveloped state could give doctors exactly the same advantages they would get from stem cells: the potential to make healthy body tissues of all sorts. And thus to cure disease.That could prove to be a true “miracle cu re”.What is the passage mainly about?A.Tomorrow’s tissue factory.B.A terrific boon to medicine.C.Human cloning.D.Genetic research.7、 According to the passage, it can be inferred that which of the following reflects the author’s opinion?A.There will inevitably be human cloning in the coming year.B.The potential to make healthy body tissues is undoubtedly a boon to human beings.C.It is illegal to clone any kind of creatures in the world.D.It is legal to clone any kind of creatures in the world except human.8、Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A.Nearly every cell in the human brain has the instructions to make a complete human.B.It is impossible for a cell in your nose to turn into a kidney.C.It is possible to turn out healthy replacement tissues with isolated stem cells.D.There will certainly appear some new kind of cloned animal in the near future.9、All of the following are steps involved in true cloning EXCEPT_______.A.selecting a stem cellB.taking a developed cellC.reactivating the genome within the developed cellD.resetting the developmental instructions in the cell to its original state10、The word “rejuvenated” in para. 5 is closest in meaning to_______.A.rescuedB.reactivatedC.recalledD.regulated参考答案：【一、阅读理解题】1~5CDDAD6~10DBBA。
7月全国自考试题及答案解析之英语语法
全国2018年7月高等教育自学考试英语语法试题课程代码：00831Ⅰ.单项选择题(每小题2分，共40分)Choose the best answer from the choices given:1.Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the other,（）, of course, madethe others jealous.A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which2.Mr.Johnson preferred（）heavier work to do.A. to be givenB. to be givingC. to have givenD. having given3.I remember（）to help us if we ever got into trouble.A. once offeringB. him once offeringC. him to offerD. to offer him4.In the course of a day students do far more than just（）classes.A. attendB. attendedC. to attendD. attending5.How can I imagine Steward（）the first in the freestyle swimming race?A. finishB. to finishC. finishingD. finished6.Jane wishes that she（）foreign trade instead of literature when she was in college.A. didB. would studyC. had studiedD. could study7.Eliza is really an expert in dancing ,but（）singing her performance is anything but good.A. so long asB. when it comes toC. as far asD. as long as8.I met her in the street（）and she told me she was leaving for France next month.A. the other dayB. in three daysC. the following dayD. the next day9.Few of you share my opinion so we have（）in common to discuss.A. a littleB. littleC. nothingD. something10.Today is Jane’s wedding. She（）John.A. had just married withB. was just married toC. has just been married toD. just has been married to11.I am sorry to have begun the meeting before you came. I thought（）.1A. you did not comeB. you should not comeC. you were not comingD. you are not coming12.—Can you attend the meeting tonight?—No,（）the manager about something important.A. I seeB. I shall have seenC.I’ll be seeingD. I can see13.No one is permitted to enter the hall without first（）his identification card.A. having to showB. being shownC. showingD. having shown14.Mark was believed（）the famous novel before we finally met the actual writer.A. to writeB. to have writtenC. writingD. having written15.The question is（）can be put into practice.A. how you have learnedB. how what you have learnedC. that why you have learnedD. how that you have learned16.—May I borrow the money?—（）you pay me back within ten months.A. ButB. UnlessC. SinceD. For17.They had no sooner got on the train（）it pulled out of the station.A. whenB. thanC. beforeD. then18.（）I admit that he is a good man, I don’t mean that he has no weak points .A. WhileB. SupposeC. UnlessD. Because19.I（）the truth of your remarks, although they go against my interests.A. can not help but admittingB. can not help but admitC. can not help but to admitD. can not help but to admitting20.Three hundred pounds（）really a large sum for him, who has just left school.A. isB. areC. wasD. wereⅡ.填空题(每小题1分，共20分)Fill in the blanks according to the instructions:Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the verb given:21.I should have worked harder, or I__________(pass)the examination.22.There is not much point__________(argue) any further.23.I’ve heard the book __________(condemn)many times.24.It seems that you are beginning__________(understand) my point.25.Having lost all his money, Mark had no choice but__________(ask) the police for help.26.The family__________(be) at table when he arrived.27.It’s high time you __________(start) to think about your chances of landing a good job after2graduation.28.I__________(want) to send you a message by E-mail but my computer broke down.Fill in the blanks with an appropriate coordinator or subordinator:29.They became more and more amused at__________ he was doing to the dog.30.Work harder, __________you will never pass the comprehensive examination.31.You are to finish your homework __________you can watch TV.32.You didn’t need to carry the parcel home__________ the shop has delivery service.33.JohnwassodisappointedwhenSusanturneddownhisproposal__________here mainedsingle for the rest of his life.34.He is such a sound sleeper__________ you wouldn’t wake him up even if you remove the bed.35.They didn’t know __________they would arrive there on time.36.I was going to finish the novel last night,__________ I was just too tired.37.He was about to tell the truth __________they killed him.Fill in the blanks with an appropriate preposition:38.Clay pots must have some protection __________severe weather.39.Such problems have to be accounted __________in political terms.40.His life is __________stake.Ⅲ.改错题(每小题1分，共10分)Correct errors in the following sentences:41.It was last night when Pat released the pre sident’s illness to the reporters.42.His fondness of collecting stamps was such that nearly half his income went into this hobby.43.What were believed to be aliens from the outer space were actually several sheep going astray.44.Whereshewasatthetimeofthemurderwasofmajorconcerntothepolicethatisinv estigating the case.45.He found it annoyed that his neighbor kept calling him by the wrong name.46.She kept depressed until he advised her seeing a doctor.47.She asked her students a question. Every gave her a different answer.48.Not until 1868 was when Atlanta made the capital of the state of Georgia.49.Five minutes earlier, but we could have caught the last train.50.Paul suggested that they meet in the front of the school gate at one o’clock on Friday afternoon.Ⅳ.改写句子(每小题2分，共20分)Rewrite the following sentences as required.51.Reinforce the negation in the following sentence as required:I haven’t seen such a swarm of ants.(never in all one’s life)52.Rewrite the following sentence by adding an appropriate tag question:They must all have taken the wrong road.53.Turn the following sentence into an exclamation:They are running fast.54.Turn the following sentence into the passive, using by-phrase if necessary:3Don’t try to expect them to reward you with the money they promised.55.Rephrase the following sentence using modal auxiliaries:The Bulls were probably not well prepared for the third game of the 1997 NBA final.bine sentences using coordination:On his way up the hill Jack fell down. He hurt his hands and knees .Jimmy got to the top all right.bine sentences using subordination:He came out of the Conference Room. Reporters surrounded him.bine sentences using a relative clause:She was dancing with a student .He had a slight limp.59.Write counter-factual conditionals based on the given facts:He wasn’t able to answer all the questions ,so he didn’t pass the examination.e inversion:The girls were talking noisily when the teacher walked in.Ⅴ.名词解释(每小题2分，共4分)Define the following terms with examples.61.Define conjuncts.62.Define cohesion.Ⅵ.简答题(每小题2分，共6分)Answer the following questions with the help of examples.63.What is the primary function of a WH-question?64.As expressions of possibility，what is the difference betweencanandmay?65.Why is the past tense often used for politeness?4。
2025年高等教育自学考试自考《英语二》试卷与参考答案
2025年高等教育自学考试自考《英语二》复习试卷与参考答案一、阅读判断（共10分）First QuestionPassage:The Impact of Social Media on CommunicationSocial media has become an integral part of our daily lives, changing the way we communicate and interact with one another. Platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have billions of users worldwide, making them powerful tools for personal expression and social engagement. However, the rise of social media also brings challenges and concerns.One of the most significant impacts of social media is the speed at which information can be shared. News and personal updates spread rapidly, often reaching a global audience within seconds. This immediacy has transformed how people stay informed and has given individuals a voice that can reach far beyond their immediate circles.Despite these benefits, there are drawbacks to the fast-paced nature of social media communication. Misinformation can spread just as quickly as accurate information, leading to confusion and sometimes harm. Additionally,the pressure to maintain an active online presence can lead to increased stress and anxiety, particularly among younger users.Another aspect to consider is the effect social media has on face-to-face interactions. Some argue that reliance on digital platforms for communication can weaken interpersonal skills and reduce the quality of real-life relationships. However, others believe that social media enhances connections by allowing people to stay in touch regardless of physical distance.In conclusion, while social media offers many opportunities for communication and connection, it also presents challenges that need to be addressed. Balancing the benefits and risks of social media use is crucial for maintaining healthy communication practices.Questions:1、Social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter are used by millions of people around the world.•Answer: True2、The rapid spread of information on social media always leads to positive outcomes.•Answer: False3、Younger users are less likely to experience stress from social media than older users.•Answer: False4、Some experts believe that social media can negatively affect face-to-face communication skills.•Answer: True5、Maintaining a balance between the advantages and disadvantages of social media isimportant for effective communication.•Answer: True第二题Read the following passage and then answer the questions below.In recent years, the importance of environmental protection has been increasingly recognized by people worldwide. Governments and organizations are implementing various measures to reduce pollution and promote sustainable development. One of the most significant steps taken is the adoption of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, to reduce reliance on fossil fuels.The transition to renewable energy has several benefits. Firstly, it helps in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, which are a major contributor to global warming. Secondly, renewable energy sources are abundant and can be replenished naturally, making them more sustainable than fossil fuels. Lastly, the use of renewable energy can create new job opportunities and stimulate economic growth in the renewable energy sector.Despite these benefits, the shift to renewable energy has faced several challenges. One of the main challenges is the high initial investment required for the installation of renewable energy infrastructure. Additionally, some renewable energy sources, like solar and wind power, are not always available when they are most needed, leading to issues of intermittency. Finally, there is a lack of awareness and education about renewable energy among the general public, which can hinder the acceptance and adoption of these technologies.1、The adoption of renewable energy sources is a significant step towardsenvironmental protection.A. TrueB. False2、Renewable energy sources are more sustainable than fossil fuels because they can be replenished naturally.A. TrueB. False3、The high initial investment in renewable energy infrastructure is one of the main challenges faced during the transition.A. TrueB. False4、Renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, are always available when they are most needed.A. TrueB. False5、The lack of awareness and education about renewable energy can hinder its acceptance and adoption.A. TrueB. FalseAnswers:1、A2、A3、A4、B5、A二、阅读理解（共10分）Sure, here is a reading comprehension question based on a short passage for the “Self-Study Examination for Higher Education (Self-study) - English II” exam. The passage and the corresponding multiple-choice questions are as follows:Passage:Sir Isaac Newton was one of the greatest scientists of all time. He formulated fundamental laws of motion, which laid the groundwork for classical mechanics. Newton’s work on gravity, as described by his law of universal gravitation, revolutionized our understanding of the physical universe. His research methods, which included detailed observation and logical reasoning, remain influential to this day. Newton was also a mathematician and an inventor, notably for developing calculus and providing a new and revolutionary method to study the laws of physics.Questions:2.Which of the following statements best summarizes Sir Isaac Newton’s contribution to science?A)He discovered the principle of gravity.B)He developed the theory of evolution.C)He established the law of universal gravitation.D)He invented the telescope.E)He is known for developing calculus.Answer: C) He established the law of universal gravitation.This question tests the candidate’s understanding of Newton’s significant contribution to the field of physics, particularly his law of universal gravitation.三、概况段落大意和补全句子（共10分）第一题Reading SectionRead the following passage and answer the questions that follow.When it comes to higher education, self-study examinations (自学考试) have become an increasingly popular choice for many individuals. The National Self-Study Examination for Higher Education (自学考试) is a national level examination system in China designed to provide students with the opportunity to better their knowledge and skills independently. One of the most sought-after subjects in this examination system is English, known as “English Two” (英语二).The “English Two” examination is designed to test the comprehensive English proficiency of candidates, covering areas such as listening, reading, writing, and speaking. The examination consists of multiple-choice questions,short essays, and oral tests. Candidates are required to pass the examination to obtain a higher education diploma or certificate, which can enhance their competitiveness in the job market.Three, Summary of Paragraphs and Sentence CompletionComplete the sentences below based on the given paragraph.1、The National Self-Study Examination for Higher Education is an examination system that (A) allows students to study independently (B) is available only to students in certain schools (C) is solely focused on theoretical knowledge (D) is prohibited in most colleges and universities. Answer: A2、The “English Two” examination (A) is a subject specifically for beginning English learners (B) covers only reading and writing skills (C) does not require any written or oral tests (D) is designed to assess candidates’ overall English proficiency.Answer: D3、Candidates who pass the “English Two” examination (A) are guaranteeda job immediately (B) can only enroll in specific college programs (C) generally have better job prospects (D) must attend regular classes.Answer: C4、According to the passage, the “English Two” examination (A) includesa section on cooking and dining etiquette (B) consists entirely ofmultiple-choice questions (C) tests candidates’ ability to disclose theirsecrets (D) requires candidates to read a passage about flowers.Answer: D5、The main purpose of the “English Two” examination is to (A) encourage students to learn English for fun (B) prepare candidates for real-life job interviews (C) ensure students have the necessary tactics for writing (D) test students’ ability to spell correctly.Answer: BSecond Question: Summary and Sentence CompletionReading Material:(A short passage about the importance of English in global communication, education, and career advancement. For example:)English has become a global language, facilitating communication across borders and cultures. It is widely used in international business, academia, and diplomacy. With the increasing globalization, mastering English has become crucial for individuals seeking to broaden their horizons and advance in their careers. In the field of education, English is often a required subject, particularly at the higher education level. Self-study exams, such as the Higher Education Self-Taught Examination (HEST) for “English II,” provide opportunities for learners to test their proficiency and gain recognition for their efforts.Questions:1.The passage mainly discusses the_______of English in today’s globalized world.•Answer: importance2.English is widely applied in _______, academia, and diplomacy.•Answer: international business3.Mastering English is considered_______for individuals aiming to expand their perspectives and progress in their professions.•Answer: crucial4.In higher education, English is frequently a_______subject.•Answer: required5.The Higher Education Self-Taught Examination for “English II” offers learners a chance to_______their English proficiency and receive acknowledgment for their self-study efforts.•Answer: test四、填空补文（共10分）Reading Passage:The Importance of Critical Thinking in EducationCritical thinking is a fundamental skill that should be cultivated from an early age. It involves analyzing information to form a reasoned judgment. In education, it goes beyond memorization and encourages students to think deeply about what they learn. When students engage in critical thinking, they question assumptions, evaluate arguments, and solve problems systematically. This skill is essential not only for academic success but also for navigating the complexities of everyday life.In the modern world, where information is abundant and easily accessible,the ability to discern reliable sources from unreliable ones is more important than ever. Critical thinking enables individuals to sift through vast amounts of data and make informed decisions. Educators play a crucial role in fostering this skill by designing curricula that challenge students to think critically and by modeling critical thinking behaviors themselves.Moreover, critical thinking is closely linked with creativity and innovation. By questioning existing paradigms and exploring new possibilities, individuals can come up with innovative solutions to complex problems. This mindset is vital for progress in all fields, including science, technology, business, and the arts.To develop critical thinking skills, students must practice questioning, reasoning, and reflecting on their own beliefs and those of others. They should be encouraged to engage in debates, discussions, and problem-solving activities that require them to justify their viewpoints with evidence. Ultimately, the goal is to create a generation of thinkers who are capable of contributing positively to society.Cloze Test Questions:Fill in each blank with one of the words provided in the box below: •encourage•abundant•discern•navigate•foster1.In the modern world, where information is__________and easily accessible, the ability to discern reliable sources from unreliable ones is more important than ever.2.Critical thinking enables individuals to sift through vast amounts of data and make informed decisions, which helps them to__________the complexities of everyday life.cators play a crucial role in__________this skill by designing curricula that challenge students to think critically.4.To develop critical thinking skills, students must practice questioning, reasoning, and reflecting on their own beliefs and those of others, which should be __________d.5.The goal is to create a generation of thinkers who are capable of contributing positively to society, and this requires educatorsto__________such practices in the classroom.Answers:1.abundant2.navigate3.foster4.encouraged5.encourageThis cloze test is designed to assess the student’s understanding of the text and their ability to use context clues to determine the most appropriate word to fill in the blanks. Each blank has been carefully selected to ensurethat the correct answer fits both grammatically and contextually within the passage.五、填词补文（共15分）第一题Read the following passage and choose the best word to fill in each blank space. Each blank may be filled with one of the words given below the passage.The modern world is 1 of rapid technological advancements and constant changes. With the advent of the internet and smartphones, the way we 2 information has transformed. In the past, students relied on libraries and textbooks for their research, but now they can access a wealth of information with just a few clicks. This shift has both positive and negative 3.1、A. dominated B. populated C. improved D. affected2、A. gather B. store C. share D. transmit3、A. outcomes B. impacts C. results D. consequencesAnswers:1、D2、A3、B第二题Reading Passage:After a long day of classes and studying, you finally have a much-neededbreak. You decide to unwind by watching your favorite TV series. As you settle into your cozy chair, your phone starts to ring. It’s your friend calling to invite you to a surprise birthday party for someone close to you. Excitedly, you make plans to attend.Now, please fill in the blanks with the appropriate words from the list below:1、______1______ day of classes, you feel extremely tired and decide it’s time for a break.A) a wholeB) a longC) a shortD) an interesting2、______2______ studying all day, you feel like relaxing and watching TV.A) AfterB) BeforeC) Instead ofD) In addition to3、When your friend calls, you are______3______ by the surprise.A) surprisedB) thankfulC) uninterestedD) sad4、You______4______ by making a quick decision to go to the party.A) agreeB) refuseC) hesitateD) disagree5、As you______5______ to the party, you feel a sense of anticipation and joy.A) leaveB) arriveC) cancelD) postponingAnswers:1、B) a long2、A) After3、A) surprised4、A) agree5、A) leave六、完型补文（共15分）First Question: Cloze TestReading Material:In today’s fast-paced world, continuous learning has become a necessityrather than a choice. Many individuals, regardless of their age or profession, are embracing 1 education to enhance their skills and knowledge. Self-study exams, such as the Higher Education Self-Taught Examination, offer a flexible path for those who seek to improve their qualifications without 2 their current responsibilities. One of the subjects frequently chosen by aspirants is “English II,” which tests not only linguistic proficien cy but also the ability to apply English effectively in various contexts.The exam consists of multiple sections, each designed to assess different aspects of English language competence. From grammar and vocabulary to reading comprehension and writing, it covers a broad range of topics that are both 3 and relevant to modern life. Candidates are required to demonstrate their understanding of complex texts, engage in critical thinking, and 4 their ideas clearly and concisely.Completing the “English II” exam successfully can open doors to further academic pursuits or career advanc ements. It serves as a testament to one’s dedication to lifelong learning and the ability to adapt to an ever-changing environment.Cloze Test:Fill in the blanks with the most suitable words based on the context.1、Many individuals are embracing________education to enhance their skills and knowledge.•Answer: continuing2、Self-study exams offer a flexible path without________their current responsibilities.•Answer: compromising3、The exam covers a broad range of topics that are both________and relevant to modern life.•Answer: interesting4、Candidates must engage in critical thinking and________their ideas clearly and concisely.•Answer: articulate5、Completing the “English II” exam successfully can open doors tofurther________pursuits or career advancements.•Answer: academicSecond Question: Cloze TestRead the following passage and choose the best word or phrase to fill in each blank from the options given below. Write your answer on the answer sheet.Passage:The concept of distance learning has evolved significantly over the past few decades. Initially, it was (1)________through correspondence courses where students would receive materials via mail and submit their assignments in the same manner. The introduction of radio and television broadcasting allowed educational institutions to reach a broader audience, making (2)________more accessible. However, the real transformation occurred with the advent of the Internet. Online platforms have made it possible for learners around the world to access a vast array of courses and programs. Moreover, interactive tools suchas discussion forums, live webinars, and video conferencing have (3)________the way students communicate and collaborate. As technology continues to advance, the future of distance learning looks promising, with (4)________like virtual reality and artificial intelligence poised to further enhance the learning experience. Despite these advancements, the core value of education—empowering individuals with knowledge—remains (5) ________.Questions:1、Initially, it was (A) created (B) established (C) conducted (D) performed2、making (A) study (B) learning (C) teaching (D) education3、interactive tools…have (A) improved (B) changed (C) altered (D) upgraded4、with (A) innovations (B) inventions (C) technologies (D) gadgets5、remains (A) unchanged (B) constant (C) steady (D) stableAnswers:1、C (conducted)2、B (learning)3、A (improved)4、A (innovations)5、A (unchanged)七、写作（30分）Seven. Writing (40 points)Task:Write an essay of about 200 words on the following topic:“Technology has greatly changed our lives. Discuss the positive and negative impacts of technology on society, and give your own opinion on whether the benefits outweigh the drawbacks.”Example:Technology has indeed revolutionized our lives, bringing both positive and negative impacts on society. On the positive side, technology has made our lives more convenient and efficient. For instance, the advent of the internet has made information readily accessible, allowing us to learn and communicate with people from all over the world. Moreover, technology has also improved healthcare, making medical treatments more effective and accessible.However, there are also negative impacts of technology. One of the most significant drawbacks is the impact on our mental health. Excessive use of smartphones and social media can lead to addiction and mental disorders, such as anxiety and depression. Additionally, technology has also created a digital divide, where those who cannot afford advanced technology are left behind.In my opinion, the benefits of technology outweigh the drawbacks. While we must be cautious about its negative impacts, the convenience and efficiency that technology brings to our lives are undeniable. As long as we use technology responsibly and wisely, it can be a powerful tool to enhance our lives.Analysis:The essay clearly addresses the topic, discussing both the positive andnegative impacts of technology on society. The writer provides specific examples, such as the internet and healthcare, to illustrate the positive effects of technology. Similarly, the writer mentions the impact of technology on mental health and the digital divide as negative consequences.The writer then gives their own opinion, stating that the benefits of technology outweigh the drawbacks. The essay is well-structured, with a clear introduction, body, and conclusion. The language used is appropriate for the given task, and the essay is approximately 200 words in length.。
2023年全国7月高等教育自学考试英语阅读一试题
全国2023年7月高等教育自学考试英语阅读(一)试题请将答案填在答题纸对应位置上，所有题目用英文作答(翻译题除外)1. Careful Reading. (40 points, 2 points for each)Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisers have appealed to people’s desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers’money.Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago, a brand of bread was offered to dieters with the message that there were fewer calories in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic (适合于节食旳), but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf.On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumer’s real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising.Each Consumer must evaluate her or his own situation．Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers．but it does not force them to buy the product．Consumers still controlthe final buying decision．1.Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by________.A.stressing their high qualityB.convincing him of their low priceC.maintaining a balance between quality and priceD.appealing to his buying motives2.The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that______.A.thin slices of bread could contain more caloriesB.the loaf was cut into regular slicesC.the bread was not genuine breadD.the total number of calories in the loaf remained the same3.According to the passage，which 0f the following statements is true?A.Sometimes advertisements really sell what the consumer needs.B.Advertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they don’t need.C.The buying motives of consumers are controlled by advertisements.D.Fire insurance is seldom a worthwhile investment.4.It can be inferred from the passage that a smart consumer should______.A.think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisementsB.guard against the deceiving nature of advertisementsC.be familiar with various advertising strategiesD.avoid buying products that have strong emotional appeal5.The passage is mainly about______.A.how to make a wise buying decisionB.ways to protect the interests of the consumerC.the positive and negative aspects of advertisingD.the function of advertisements in promoting salesPassage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian (百姓旳) clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity than to step out of uniform?Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deductible (可减税旳). They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.6. It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality____.A. enjoy having a professional identityB. still judge a man by his clothesC. hold the uniform in such high regardD. respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform7. People are accustomed to thinking that a man in uniform______.A. appears to be more practicalB. suggests quality workC. discards his social identityD. looks superior to a person in civilian clothes8. The chief function of a uniform is to______.A. provide the wearer with a professional identityB. inspire the wearer’s confidence in himselfC. provide practical benefits to the wearerD. make the wearer catch the public eye9. According to the passage, people wearing uniforms ______.A. tend to lose their individualityB. are usually helpfulC. look like generalsD. have little or no individual freedom10. The best title for this passage would be______.A. Uniforms and SocietyB. Advantages and Disadvantages of UniformsC. The Importance of Wearing a UniformD. Practical Benefits of Wearing a UniformPassage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.British newspapers can be classified into groups according to various criteria, such as area of distribution, size of sales, socioeconomic class of their readers, days (and times) of publication, and political bias. Each of these different criteria will lead to more or less different groupings.With regard to the area of distribution a fairly clear distinction can be made between national papers and local papers. The national, e.g. The Times, Daily Mirror and Sunday Express, are readily obtainable in virtually all parts of the United Kingdom at the same time. On the other hand, local papers, e.g. Yorkshire Post or Liverpool Echo, serve a particular area, and outside that area must be specially ordered.As regards the sales figures, we must recognize that there is no clear line that will distinguish between large and small sales. However, we make a somewhat arbitrary distinction here, partly based on copies sold, but also influenced by the type of content of the papers. This separates the so-called “popular” papers from the “quality” papers: the “qualities”, like SundayTimes or Financial Times, tend to have larger, more serious arti cles than the “populars”, such as The People or News of the World.Regarding the socioeconomic class of the readers, a classification on these lines will to a large extent reflect the above distinction into quality and popular. This is because the quality papers are mostly intended for the upper income groups, while the popular papers find their readers among the lower socioeconomic groups. Thus, a reader of The Observer or Financial Times, which are quality papers, is likely to be an educated person with quite a good income, while a reader of Daily Mail or The Sun is more likely to be a less well-educated person with a lower income.As to the days of publication, most British papers are either so-called “daily papers”, (which in tact do not appear on Sundays), e.g. The Guardian or The Scotsman, or Sunday papers, like Sunday Times or News of the world. Local papers with small circulations, however, might appear only once or twice a week, or even less frequently, depending on the demand for them. Concerning the time of publication, the vast majority are morning papers, i.e. they go on sale early in the morning, while the minority are the so-called “evening” papers, whose sales might start as early as midday, and then continue until the evening.11. According to various criteria British newspapers can be classified into______.A. national papers and local papersB. “qualities” and “populars”C. morning papers and evening papersD. all of the above12. The Times, Daily Mirror, and Sunday Express are readily obtainable in virtually all parts of the UK at the same time. Therefore, they are______.A. so-called “daily paper”B. national papersC. popular papersD. local papers13. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. The “'quality” papers te nd to have large, more serious articles than the “populars”.B. The “popular” papers have larger sales.C. The “quality” papers find their readers among the upper income groups.D. A reader of the “qualities” is likely to be a less well-educated person with a lower income.14. As to the days of publication, British daily papers appear______.A. only on SundaysB. only once or twice a weekC. every day except on SundaysD. every day15. Sales of the so-called “evening” papers might start______.A. early in the morningB. as early as noonC. in the eveningD. at midnightPassage FourQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age. For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.Although we focus on the needs of exceptional children, we find ourselves describing their environment as well. While the leading actor on the stage captures our attention, we are aware of the importance of the supposing players and the scenery of the play itself. Both the family and the society in which exceptional children live are often the key to their growth and development. And it is in the public schools that we find the full expression of society’s understanding—the knowledge, hopes, and fears that are passed on to the next generation.Education in any society is a minor of that society. In that mirror we can see the strengths, the weaknesses and the culture itself. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.“All men ar e created equal.” We’ve heard it many times, but it still has important meaning for education in a democratic society. Although the phrase was used by this country’s founders to denote equality before the caw, it has also been interpreted to mean equality of opportunity. That concept implies educational opportunity for all children—the right of each child to receive help in learning to the limits of his or her capacity, whether that capacity be small or great. Recent court decisions have confirmed the right of all children —disabled or not—to an appropriate education, and have ordered that public schools takethe necessary steps to provide that education. In response, schools are modifying their programs, adapting instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who cannot profit substantially from regular programs.16. In paragraph 2, the author cites the example of the leading actor on the stage to show thatA. the growth of exceptional children has much to do with their family and the societyB. exceptional children are more influenced by their families than normal children areC. exceptional children are the key interest of the family and societyD. the needs of the society weigh much heavier than the needs of the exceptional children17. The reason that the exceptional children receive so much concern in education is that_______.A. they are expected to be leaders of the societyB. they might become a burden of the societyC. they should fully develop their potentialD. disabled children deserve special consideration18. The word “denote” in the fourth paragraph most probably means_______.A. translateB. indicateC. blameD. ignore19. This passage mainly deals with ____A. the differences of children in their learning capabilitiesB. the definition of exceptional children in modern societyC. the special educational programs for exceptional childrenD. the necessity of adapting education to exceptional children20. From this passage we learn that the educational concern for exceptional children_______.A. is now enjoying legal supportB. disagrees with the tradition of the countryC. was clearly stated by the country’s foundersD. will exert great influence over court decisionsII. Speed Reading. (10 points, 1 point for each)Passage FiveQuestions 21-25 are based on the following passage.The human thumb made man. Its development was as important an event in man’s growth as his success in learning to walk upright. The thumb shaped the human hand. Without it, man might not have survived. Luckily, the hand developed only one thumb. Two thumbs on one hand would be like having two or more cooks in a small kitchen. They would get in each other’s way. As one English writer said almost 500 years ago, “Ah, each finger today is a thumb, I think.”That is how we still describe a man who cannot get anything right. We say he is “all thumbs”. There are days when this happens to all of us, days when everything we do seems to go wrong. We cannot even get the right shoes on. The typist cannot hit the right key. The carpenter’s hammer misses the nail and hits his finger. Nothing can be done but throw up one’s hands and moan (悲叹), “God, I am all thumbs today!”Clearly, the hand can have just one master—the thumb. It gives the hand a freedom and control of movement that are beautiful to see. This can be seen in old sculptures and stone carvings. We have a special phrase to express this mastery of the thumb. When one is ruled by another, completely controlled by him, we say the pe rson is “under the other’s thumb”. A sick man, for example, often finds himself “under his doctor’s thumb”. Tenants have often complained about being“under the thumb of the landlord”.There was a time, very long ago, when such tenants might in anger “bite their thumbs” at the landlord. Such a gesture was an insult that could not be accepted lightly. People no longer do this. But they do something as childish and as offensive and ugly. They “thumb their noses” at somebody they want to defy or insult.21. If a person has two or more thumbs on one hand, he would______.A. do more thingsB. have a lot of troubleC. work as two or more cooksD. become a writer22. Without ______man might not have survived.A. the cookB. the thumbC. the fingerD. the writer23. When a person says “I am all thumbs today”, he means that_______.A. he can’t get the right shoes onB. his hammer misses the nail and hits his fingerC. he does everything smoothlyD. he can’t get everything right24. When a person is completely controlled by another person, _______.A. we say that he is “all thumbs”B. we say that he has “a great thumb”C.. we say that he is “under the other’s thumb”D. he turns thumb down on him25. When you want to insult someone, you can_______.A. put your thumb on your noseB. wave your thumb at himC. put him under your thumbD. do nothing with your thumbPassage SixQuestions 26-30 are based on the following passage.Where did the movies begin? It is often said that they are an American invention, but this is not entirely true. The motion picture has been the most international of arts before the dawn of the 20th century.Soon after 1889, when the famous American inventor Thomas Edison first showed motion pictures through a device called the kinetoscope, other devices for the same purpose appeared all over the world. One other important contribution by Edison was the introduction of 35mm as the international standard film width. When it became possible to use any 35mm machine for showing movies from any part of the world, the international trading of films could begin.During the first years, there were no special movie theaters. Films were often shown in buildings which had formerly beenstores. In America, these became known as nickelodeons because each member of the audience paid a nickel (five cents) to watch the movie.At first, movies pleased people just because the experience of watching them was new. In the black and white shadows, one could see larger-than-life images of reality and they moved! But images alone cannot keep people interested forever. Then cameras were taken to South Africa and Cuba to photograph wars in action. Prizefights were filmed, and so were religious processions. But none of these attractions could please the crowds for long.What gave the movies the possibility of becoming an art form was the introduction of narrative. Someone realized that a film could tell a story.Edwin S. Porter was a director and cameraman for Thomas Edison’s company. He advanced the art of the film by a giant step when, in 1903, he produced The Great Train Robbery.Although this account of a mail robbery and the pursuit of the robbers was very simple, it required the filming of several different locations. The result was a film that not only shifted freely from place to place but even enabled viewers to see two actions that occurred at the same time. They watched the robbers escape and then saw the pursuers gathering for the pursuit. Within this brief, eight-minute movie lay the seeds of a true art form.In 1908, Biograph, a small film company in New York, employed a man who was to become the first true genius of motion pictures. He was D. W. Griffith, an unsuccessful actor and writer of plays, who had worked briefly for Porter. Griffith preferred writing to acting, but at Biograph he worked as a writer, an actor and a director. In less than five years, he directed almost 300 pictures, raised Biograph to a leading position among film companies, and laid the foundations for modernfilm art.26. The first motion pictures were shown by Thomas Edison in_______.A. 1889B. 1903C. 1907D. 190827. _______ made the international trading of films possible.A. The use of nickelsB. Movie theatersC. The introduction of 35mm as the international standard film widthD. A device called the kinetoscope28. _______made it possible for films to become an art form.A. Larger-than-life images of realityB. The fact that wars were filmedC. PrizefightD. The introduction of narrative29. The writer said that Porter advanced the art of the film by a giant step in producing The Great Train Robbery.This is probably because the film_______.A. had a title which had a tremendous effectB. was the longest at that timeC. was produced by a directorD. required the filming of several different locations30. _______is regarded as the first true genius of motion picture.A. EdisonB. PorterC. GriffithD. BiographIlI. Discourse Cloze. (10 points, 1 point for each)Directions: The following passage is taken from the textbook. Read the passage and fill in the numbered spaces (there are more suggested answers than necessary). Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.WORLD WAR II, the name commonly given to the global conflict of 1939-1945. It was the greatest and most destructive war in history. 31. _______, World War II included gigantic struggles not only in Europe but in Asia, Africa, and the far-flung (广泛旳,漫长旳) islands of the Pacific as well. More than 17 million members of the armed forces of the various belligerents (交战国) perished during the conflict. Its conduct strained the economic capabilities of the major nations and left manycountries on the edge of collapse.At the end of World War I the victorious nations formed the League of Nations for the purpose of airing international disputes, and of mobilizing its members for a collective effort to keep the peace in the event of aggression by any nation against another or of a breach (对法律、义务等旳违犯) of the peace treaties. The United States, imbued (鼓吹) with isolationism, did not become a member. The League failed in its first test. In 1931 the Japanese, using as an excuse the explosion of a small bomb under a section of track of the South Manchuria Railroad (over which they had virtual control), initiated military operations designed to conquer all of Manchuria. 32. _______ Thereupon, Japan resigned from the League. Meanwhile, Manchuria had been overrun and transformed into a Japanese puppet state under the name of Manchukuo. 33. _______.In 1933 also, Adolf Hitler came to power as dictator of Germany and began to rearm the country in contravention (违反，违反) of the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles. 34.___. That year the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini began his long-contemplated invasion of Ethiopia, which he desired as an economic colony. 35. _______. British and French efforts to effect a compromise settlement failed, and Ethiopia was completely occupied by the Italians in 1936.Alarmed by German rearmament, France sought an alliance with the USSR. Under the pretext that this endangered Germany, Hitler remilitarized the Rhineland in 1936. 36. _______. Emboldened by this success, Hitler intensified his campaign for Lebensraum (space for living) for the German people. 37. _______. In September, as Hitler increased his demands on the Czechs and war seemed imminent, the British and French arranged a conference with Hitler and Mussolini. At the Munich Conference they agreed to German occupation of the Sudetenland, Hitler’s asserted last claim, in the hope of maintaining peace. This hope was short lived, for in March 1939, Hitler took over the rest of Czechoslovakia and seized the former German port of Memel from Lithuania. There followed demands on Poland with regard to Danzig (波兰港口) and the Polish Corridor. 38. _______. After surprising the world with the announcement of a nonaggression pact (公约) with his sworn foe, the Soviet Union, he sent his armies across the Polish border on Sept. 1, 1939.39. _______.As the Germans devastated Poland, the Russians moved into the eastern part of the country and began the process that was to lead to the absorption in 1940 of Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania. They also made demands on Finland. 40. _______.Meanwhile, Japan had undertaken military operations for the subjugation of China proper, and was making preparationsfor the expansion of its empire into Southeast Asia and the rich island groups of the Southwest Pacific. Mussolini watched the progress of his fellow dictator, Hitler, while preparing to join in the war at a favorable moment.(From The World War II in Brief)A. The League voted minor sanctions (制裁) against Italy, but these had slight practical effectB. He denounced the provisions of that treaty that limited German armament and in 1935 reinstituted compulsory military serviceC. Whereas military operations in World War I were conducted primarily on the European continentD. He forcibly annexed (吞并) Austria in March 1938, and then, charging abuse of German minorities, threatened CzechoslovakiaE. Because of a lack of resources, Allied strategy had envisioned the prior defeat of Germany while remaining on the defensive against the JapaneseF. After receiving the report of its commission of inquiry, the League adopted a resolution in 1933 calling on the Japanese to withdrawG. The Poles remained adamant (顽强旳，坚决旳), and it became clear to Hitler that he could attain his objectives only by forceH. Beset (缠扰) by friction and dissension (冲突，纠纷) among its members, the League took no further actionI. Britain and France, pledged to support Poland in the event of aggression, declared war on Germany two days laterJ. It was a dangerous venture, for Britain and France could have overwhelmed Germany, but, resolved to keep the peace, they took no actionK. The recalcitrant (顽抗旳) Finns were subdued in the Winter War of 1939-1940, but only after dealing the Russians several humiliating military reversesL. War’s end found the United States and the USSR the two greatest powers in the worldIV. Word Formations. (10 points, 1 point for each)Directions: Complete each of the following sentences with the proper form of the word in the brackets. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.41. (significant) It is a waste of time to listen to his ______talk.42. (astonish) I was ______ at the news of his escape.43. (bankruptcy) Our business is at the crossing. If this deal does not succeed, we shallbe______.44. (vain) Before they fled the country, the enemy ______attempted to destroy all thefactories.45. (extinct) His movie of the______of dinosaurs was a great success.46. (exist) In her speech, the Minister came out against any change to the ______law.47. (patient) The nurse has been criticized for the third time for she is always ______withher patients.48. (mystery) There are many______stories about the Egyptian pyramids.49. (valid) This ticket has passed its expiration date, and so it is now______.50. (deprivation) If you drive too fast, the police will______you of your licence.V. Gap Filling. (10 points, 1 point for each)Directions: The following passage is taken from the textbook. Fill in the numbered gaps with the correct form of the words or phrases in the box (there are more words than necessary). Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Before the war ended, these thirteen states realized that they would need to work together in peacetime as they had been 51. ______ to do in wartime. In 1782 they put into effect a plan for 52.______ under a federal system. This meant that each of the states would remain 53. ______ in many ways but would join with the others in a government that would be able to do thingsthat individual states could not do by themselves with success. Unfortunately this plan did not provide for a federal government strong enough to 54.______ it to do what needed to be done. This became clear after a few years of experience. In 1786 a call went out to all the states inviting them to send delegates to a meeting to be held in Philadelphia in the spring of 1787. This meeting was the Constitutional Convention, a great 55.________ point in American history.No more important meeting has ever been held in America. To it came fifty-five men, 56. ______ them some of the most famous men in our history. They included George Washington who presided over the convention, Benjamin Franklin, James Madison, and Alexander Hamilton. They worked 57.______ and in secret from May well into September and adjourned only after they had written a new plan of government to be sent to the thirteen states for 58.______ The document was the Constitution of the United States. A great English statesman called this constitution “the most 59. ______ work known to me in modern times to have been produced by the human intellect, at a single stroke (so to speak), in its 60. ______ to political affairs.” Before 1788 had ended, the Constitution had been approved in most of the states and in 1789 it went into effect. Since then it has been the fundamental law of the nation.(From The Constitution of the United States) VI. Short Answer Questions. (10 points, 5 points for each)Directions: The following 2 questions are based on Passage Four in this test paper. Read the passage carefully again and answer the questions briefly by referring back to Passage Four. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.61. What’s the function of education in a society? Why does the public education show great interest in exceptional children?62. What does the statement “All men are created equal.” mean according to the passage?VII. Translation. (10 points, 2 points for each)Directions: The following excerpt is taken from the textbook. Read the paragraphs carefully and translate into Chinese each of the numbered and underlined parts.It was twenty years ago and I was living in Paris. 63. I had a tiny apartment in the Latin Quarter overlooking a cemetery and I was earning barely enough money to keep body and soul together. She had read a book of mine and had written to me about it. I answered, thanking her, and presently I received from her another letter saying that she was passing through Paris and。
7月全国自考英语科技文选试题及答案解析
全国2018年7月高等教育自学考试英语科技文选试题课程代码：00836I. Directions: Add the appropriate affix(es) to each word according to the given Chinese,making changes when necessary.(10%)1. requisite 先决条件 1.______2. cast 预报 2.______3. system 系统化 3.______4. strength 加强 4.______5. sense 感觉的 5.______6. poison 有毒的 6.______7. mathematics 元数学7.______8. cluster 超星系团8.______9. conductor 半导体9.______10. media 多媒体10.______Ⅱ.Directions: Fill in the blanks, each using one of the given words and phrases below in its proper form.(10%)allot show up alternative bear out inject with end uphave a bearing on be familiar with bump into what’s more11. Eventually we shall be able to “humanize”animals by ______ them ______ human genes fortransplantation purposes, so that their organs will become compatible with the body of the person receiving the transplant.12. These insights were later ______ by the observations made by Gregor Mendel in the secondhalf of the nineteenth century.13. Men are from Mars, women from Venus.______, women do phonological processing withboth their right and left inferior frontal gyri.14. Such a book would be by no means academic, but would ______ wide ______ the generalhistory of thought and ideas.15. Every day, however, we ______ phenomena that may well be unknowable but that we do notrecognize as such.16. Anyone who needs to understand how various substances interact, or how they change whenconditions change, has to ______ some of the fundamental principles of chemistry.17. Defects ______ as variations from the perfect model because they produce an interferencepattern.18. The group leader ______ a special task to each person.19. But FM-RI is more precise than other techniques—which is how she and her husband ______discovering sex differences in phonological processing, or letter-to-sound conversion.120. It takes time to develop ______ energy sources.ⅢA noteworthy advance in agricultural technology will be expert computer systems that21 knowledge from many disciplines to help guide farmers’ action. Several 22 “decision support systems”are now 23 development to aid farmers with soil management. Most 24 are systems for handling phosphorus deficiency and 25 acidity, but others are in the offing. 26 computer applications not only present an expert analysis 27 what is known and the effect a 28 management approach might produce, but they also can 29 key gaps in knowledge that might be addressed by 30 data collection.The strength of expert systems is 31 they can combine scientific principles with indigenous farming 32 A weakness is that they may not provide 33 answers for situations that evolve rapidly. 34 approach, involving numerical simulations, can35 deal with continuously changing effects such as weather. The aim 36 is to integrate expert systems and simulation models. 37 this goal is accomplished, farmers will 38 use computer-based tools to 39 control pests, reduce water 40 and manage many different kinds of crops.21.__________ 22.__________23.__________ 24.__________25.__________ 26.__________27.__________ 28.__________29.__________ 30.__________31.__________ 32.__________33.__________ 34.__________35.__________ 36.__________37.__________ 38.__________39.__________ 40.__________Ⅳ.Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, each using one of the given words or phrases below.(10%)in common be regarded as bump intoafford untanglebe incompatible41. 在许多情况下，接受器官移植的身体对移植器官有排他性。
自考-英语科技文选精要(附答案)ppt课件
polygon---polygonal circular---semicircular inscribe---inscription approximate---approximation compute---computer lengthy---length refine---refinement extend---extension
4. We do not see that we may be proceeding down a narrow path of knowledge and that if we look slightly left or right we will be staring directly at the unknown.
20. to be obsessed with 21. set about learning the language 22. with reference to 23. by no means 24. have a wide bearing on the general history of thought and ideas 25. embark on 26. cannot afford 27. lose his early vision of 28. make his work more accessible in every possible way 29. accomplish himself 30. to be fully occupied 31. to be associated with him
英语科技文选 串讲
.
1
参考教材：
李碧嘉主编：《英语科技文选》
串讲方式：
I. Affix （涉及考试第一题） II. Key Words and Phrases （涉及考试第二和第三题） III. Translation （涉及翻译）
英语科技文学真题及答案讲解
英语科技文学真题及答案讲解《英语科技文选》自考真题及答案解析卷面总分：100分答题时间：80分钟试卷题量：36题一、单选题（共30题，共60分）题目1：Why do you blame him for hi poor judgment on the matter______ he really need i encouragementA。
when thatB。
ince thatC。
when whatD。
now that正确答案：C本题解析：译文：当他真正需要鼓励时，你为什么责备他的拙劣判断。
此题考查准确判断句子结构。
when 引导时间状语从句， what he really need 充当这个时间状语从句的主语。
题目2：The outline of rooftop and chimney ________ againt the pale ky。
A。
pulled outB。
looked outC。
held outD。
tood out正确答案：D本题解析：A离开B注意、留神C提供D显眼、突出题目3：Although Tom i atified with hi academic achievement，he wonder _______ will happen to hi family life 。
A。
itB。
thatC。
whatD。
thi正确答案：C本题解析：what 引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语。
句意：尽管汤姆对自己的学术成就很满意，但是他想知道他的家庭生活将会如何题目4：During the pat two decade, reearch ha ________ our knowledge of daydreaming。
A。
epandedB。
emergedC。
decendedD。
conquered正确答案：A本题解析：A扩大B浮现、露出C下降D征服题目5：A。
fleibleB。
acceibleC。
7月全国英语阅读(一)自考试题及答案解析
全国2018年7月高等教育自学考试英语阅读(一)试题课程代码：00595请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上Ⅰ. Vocabulary. (10%)Complete each of the following sentences with the proper form of the word in the brackets. Write the word on the Answer Sheet.1. (inferior)Having realized her bodily ________ to her cousins, Jane Eyre dreaded coming home.2. (stir)His ________ speech encouraged us to study even harder.3. (propose)Shall we discuss the intention book ________last week.4. (sympathy)I know you feel angry, and I ________ you.5. (conspicuous)The shy girl tried to make herself as ________ as possible.6. (dignify)Our English teacher is a ________ lady.7. (agree)Smile at me, and stop being so________.8. (caution)She opened the door ________so as not to wake the bady.9. (commit)He has a lot of ________for he has agreed to pay his brother’s school expenses.10. (exasperate)The ________ noise upstairs made me upset.Ⅱ. Text Comprehension. (20%)According to the texts you have learned, decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T or F on the Answer Sheet.1. In No Marriage, No Apologies, families and households are the same concepts.2. In The Decameron, Filomena’s story was concerned with the people in the royal palace.3. According to Bringing up Children, an adult’s character is in a great measure decided by hischildhood experiences.4. In A Day’s Wait, what led the boy to think that he was going to die was that he mistook theFahrenheit scale for the Celsius one.5. In How to Live Like a Millionaire, according to the author, marriage is one of the importantfactors in building wealth.6. In Rip Van Winkle, Rip had formed the habit of being agreeable to all by thinking highly ofeveryone except his wife.7. In The Lady or the Tiger, the king was cruel and had none of the grace and polish of hisneighbors.8. In New Applications, the bank manager, AI Gropin, was such an extravagant person that he wasnot accepted by many people in the town.9. According to The World at War, Britain favored the camp of Germany because Francethreatened her interests in Africa and Russia threatened her Indian border.110. According to The Story of the Bible, the face of nature was a formless mass in darkness in thebeginning.11. According to Stories from Greek Myths, Prometheus had never rebelled against Zeus’supremacy; his only crime was to help mortal men to raise themselves above all animals. 12. In Bricks from the Tower of the Babel, the author does not agree that International languagescan make successful translations of fictions.13. According to What Body Language Can Tell You That Words Cannot, in early courtship bothman and woman are behaving awkwardly, often very uncertain as to what is best to say.14. In The Girls in Their Summer Dresses, Frances said,“Look out you’ll break your neck. ”Shesaid so to warn her husband of the danger in the street.15. In True Love, Joe’s task is to search for the ideal woman for himself.16. In Jane Eyre, Mrs. Reed didn’t allow Jane to join the company of her son and daughters.17. According to The Merchant of Venice, many noble and princely suitors wished to marry Portiabecause she inherited a large sum of money from her father who had died recently.18. In The canterbury Tales, the three young men forgot their attempt to find out and kill Deathwhen they caught a glance of great number of gold pieces on the ground.19. In The Necklace, the heroine was pretty and charming, but she was unfortunately born into afamily of a factory worker.20. According to How Gorge, Once upon a Time, Got up Early in the Morning, Gorge’s watchwent wrong one evening and stopped at a quarter past eight because he hung it up over his pillow without ever looking at it.Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension. (50%)Section A: Reading Comprehension In this part there are 4 reading passages followed by 20 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 options marked A,B,C, and D, you should decide on the best one and write your answer on the Answer Sheet. (40%)Passage 1Telecommuting —substituting the computer for the trip to the job—has been hailed as a solution to all kinds of problems related to office work.For workers it promises freedom from the office, less time wasted in traffic, and help with child-care conflicts. For management, telecommuting helps keep high performers on board, minimizes tardiness and absenteeism by eliminating commutes, allows periods of solitude for high-concentration tasks, and provides scheduling flexibility, in some areas, such as Southern California and Seattle, Washington, local governments are encouraging companies-to start telecommuting programs in order to reduce rush-hour congestion and improve air quality.But these benefits do not come easily. Making a telecommuting program work requires careful planning and an understanding of the differences between telecommuting realities and popular images.Many workers are seduced by rosy illusions of life as a telecommuter. A computer2programmer from New York City moves to the tranquil Adirondack Mountains and stays in contact with her office via computer. A manager comes into his office three days a week and works at home the other two. An accountant stays at home to care for her sick child; she hooks up her telephone modem connections and does office work between calls to the doctor.These are powerful images, but they are a limited reflection of reality. Telecommuting workers soon learn that it is almost impossible to concentrate on work and care for a young child at the same time. Before a certain age, young children cannot recognize, much less respect, the necessary boundaries between work and family. Additional child support is necessary if the parent is to get any work done. Management, too, must separate the myth from the reality. Although the media has paid a great deal of attention to telecommuting, in most cases it is the employee’s situation, not the availability of technology, that precipitates a telecommuting arrangement.That is partly why, despite the widespread press coverage, the number of companies with work-at-home programs or policy guidelines remains small.1. What is the main subject of the passage?A. Business management policiesB. Driving to workC. Extending the workplace by means of computersD. Computers for child-care purposes2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a problem for office employees?A. Being restricted to the officeB. Incurring expenses for lunches and clothingC. Taking care of sick childrenD. Driving in heavy traffic3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a problem for employers that is potentially solvedby telecommuting?A. Employees’ lateness for workB. Employees’ absence from workC. Employees’ need for time alone to work intensivelyD. Employees’ conflicts with second jobs4. Which of the following does the author mention as a possible disadvantage of telecommuting?A. Small children cannot understand the boundaries of work and play.B. Computer technology is not advanced enough to accommodate the needs of every situation.C. Electrical malfunctions can destroy a project.D. The worker often does not have all the needed resources at home.5. Which of the following is an example of telecommuting as described in the passage?A. A scientist in a laboratory developing plans for a space stationB. A technical writer sending via computer documents created at homeC. A computer technician repairing an office computer network3D. A teacher directing computer assisted learning, in a private schoolPassage 2No sooner had the first intrepid male aviators safely returned to Earth than it seemed that women, too, had been smitten by an urge to fly. From mere spectators they became willing passengers and finally pilots in their own right, plotting their skills and daring line against the hazards of the air and the skepticism of their male counterparts. In doing so, they enlarged the traditional bounds of a women’s world, won for their sex a new sense of competence and achievement, and contributed handsomely to the progress of aviation.But recognition of their abilities did not come easily. “Men do not believe us capable. ”the famed aviator Amelia Earhart once remarked to a friend. “Because we are women, seldom are we trusted to do an efficient job. ”Indeed old attitudes died hard: when Charles Lindbergh visited the Soviet Union in 1938 with his wife, Anne－herself a pilot and gifted proponent of aviation－he was astonished to discover both men and women flying in the Soviet Air Force.Such conventional wisdom made it difficult for women to raise money for the up-to-date equipment they needed to compete on an equal basis with men. Yet they did compete, and often they triumphed finally despite the odds.Ruth Law, whose 590-mile flight from Chicago to Hornell, New York, set a new nonstop distance record in 1916, exemplified the resourcefulness and grit demanded of any woman who wanted to fly. And when she addressed the Aero Club of America after completing her historic journey, her plainspoken words testified to a universal human motivation that was unaffected by gender:“My flight was done with no expectation of reward,”she declared, “just purely for the love of accomplishment. ”6. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?A. A Long FlightB. Women in Aviation HistoryC. Dangers Faced by PilotsD. Women Spectators7. According to the passage, women pilots were successful in all of the following EXCEPT________.A. challenging the conventional role of womenB. contributing to the science of aviationC. winning universal recognition from menD. building the confidence of women8. What can be inferred from the passage about the United States Air Force in 1938?A. It had no women pilots.B. It gave pilots handsome salaries.C. It had old planes that were in need of repair.D. It could not be trusted to do an efficient job.9. In their efforts to compete with men, early women pilots had difficulty in________.A. addressing clubsB. flying nonstop4C. setting recordsD. raising money10. According to the passage, who said that flying was done with no expectation of reward?A. Amelia EarhartB. Charles LindberghC. Anne LindberghD. Ruth LawPassage 3Of all the folk artists in the United States the most well known of the twentieth century is certainly Grandma Moses-Anna Mary Robertson Moses(1860-1961). She was also the most successful within her lifetime and her work was reproduced on greeting cards and calendars and in prints. As with many folk artists, her career as a painter started late in life, at the age of 67, but she continued painting until her death at the age of 101, so her active painting life still spanned over 34 years.Her subjects are based on the New England countryside and evoke a strong mood of nostalgia. Many of her early paintings are copies of, or use sections from, prints by Currier and Ives that she then recomposed in her own way. In her versions the figures became more stylized and the landscapes less naturalistic. Her painting was preceded by the production of landscapes in needlework, and it was only the onset of arthritis that forced the change of medium. The images, however, continued the same, and she reexecuted some of her needlework landscapes in paint at a later date.From these early sources she then began to compose original paintings such as Housick Falls, New York in Winter (1944) that relied on her surroundings and her memories of country life and activities; these paintings display an increasing technical ability. By the 1940’s her work had become a marketable commodity and collectors created a demand for her paintings.Like many painters of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Grandma Moses made use of photographs for information, for figures, for fragments of landscape, and for buildings, but her work, especially that of her later years, was not a slavish copying of these but compositions using them as source material. Her output was prodigious, and consequently her work is of varying quality. Although much of her public appeal is based on the emotive image of the“Grandma”figure producing naive pictures of country life, her paintings place her among the top folk painters of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.11. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The painting materials used by Grandma MosesB. The major artistic influences on Grandma MosesC. The folk art of Grandma MosesD. The life of Grandma Moses12. According to the passage, Grandma Moses started her painting career.A. whithout much successB. in her sixtiesC. after much studyD. by producing greeting cards13. Why does the author mention Currier and Ives in lines 8-9?5A. They are folk artistsB. They collected many of Grandma Moses’ paintingsC. They made calendars from Grandma Moses’ landscapesD. Grandma Moses based some paintings on their work14. According to the passage, Grandma Moses switched from needlework to painting becauseof________.A. her desire to create landscapesB. the public’s interest in paintingC. her need to make moneyD. a physical condition that affected her15. The word“naive”in line 24 is closest in meaning to which of the following?A. UnsophisticatedB. IgnorantC. UnspoiledD. TrustingPassage 4Before the 1850’s the United States had a number of small colleges, most of them dating from colonial days. They were small, church-connected institutions whose primary concern was to shape the moral character of their students.Throughout Europe, institutions of higher learning had developed, bearing the ancient name of university. In Germany a different kind of university had developed. The German university was concerned primarily with creating and spreading knowledge, not morals. Between midcentury and the end of the 1800’s, more than nine thousand young Americans, dissatisfied with their training at home, went to Germany for advanced study. Some of them returned to become presidents of venerable colleges—Harvard, Yale, Columbia—and transform them into modern universities. The new presidents broke all ties with the churches and brought in a new kind of faculty. Professors were hired for their knowledge of a subject, not because they were of the proper faith and had a strong arm for disciplining students. The new principle was that a university was to create knowledge as well as pass it on, and this called for a faculty composed of teacher-scholars. Drilling and learning by rote were replaced by the German method of lecturing, in which the professor’s own research was presented in class. Graduate training leading to the Ph. D, an ancient German degree signifying the highest level of advanced scholarly attainment, was introduced. With the establishment of the seminar system, graduate students learned to question, analyze, and conduct their own research.At the same time, the new university greatly expanded in size and course offerings, breaking completely out of the old, constricted curriculum of mathematics, classics, rhetoric, and music. The president of Harvard pioneered the elective system, by which students were able to choose their own courses of study. The notion of major fields of study emerged. The new goal was to make the university relevant to the real pursuits of the world. Paying close heed to the practical needs of society, the new universities trained men and women to work at its tasks, with engineering students being the most characteristic of the new regime. Students were also trained as economists, architects, agriculturalists, social welfare workers, and teachers.616. The word“this”in line 14 refers to which of the following?A. Creating and passing on knowledgeB. Drilling and learning by roteC. Disciplining studentsD. Developing moral principles17. According to the passage, the seminar system encouraged students to.A. discuss moral issuesB. study the classics, rhetoric, and musicC. study overseasD. work more independently18. The word“constricted”in line 21 is closest in meaning to which of the following?A. MandatoryB. LimitedC. ChallengingD. Competitive19. It can be inferred from the passage that before 1850, all of the following were characteristic ofhigher education EXCEPT________.A. the elective systemB. drillingC. strict disciplineD. rote learning20. Those who favored the new university would be most likely to agree with which of thefollowing statements?A. Learning is best achieved through discipline and drill.B. Shaping the moral character of students should be the primary goal.C. Higher education should prepare students to contribute to society.D. Teachers should select their students’ courses.Section B: Skimming and ScanningIn this part there are 2 reading passages followed by 10 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 options marked A,B,C and D. Skim or scan them and decide on the best answer and write your answer on the Answer Sheet. (10%)Passage 1Taking natural objects such as rocks, bones, clouds and flowers for subject matter, Georgia O’Keeffe reduced them to their simplest form, often by employing a close-up view or some other unusual vantage point. With such techniques, including the use of thin paint and clear colors to emphasize a feeling of mystical silence and space, she achieved an abstract simplicity in her paintings. O’Keeffe spent a summer in New Mexico in 1929 and the bleak landscape and broad skies of the desert so appealed to her that she later settled there permanently. Cows’ skulls and other bare bones found in the desert were frequent motifs in her paintings. Other common subjects included flowers, the sky, and the horizon lines of the desert. After O’Keeffe’s three-month trip around the world by plane in 1959, the sky“paved with clouds”as seen from an airplane also became one of her favorite motifs and the subject of her largest work, a 24-foot mural that she began in 1966.21. With what subject is the passage mainly concerned?A. Georgia O’Keeffe’s trip around the worldB. The private life of Georgia O’Keeffe7C. The paintings of Georgia O’KeeffeD. Georgia O’Keeffe’s greatest work of art22. Which of the following is an example of something often painted by O’Keeffe?A. An airportB. A deserted streetC. An astronaut in outer spaceD. A cloud formation23. With which of the following statements concerning Georgia O’Keeffe’s paintings would theauthor of the passage be most likely to agree?A. They generally create a sense of stillness and open spaceB. They are so realistic that they often resemble ordinary photographic imagesC. Most of them are portraits of the painter’s friends and relativesD. They represent humans in an eternal struggle with the forces of nature24. Which of the following aspects of the desert landscape is NOT mentioned by the author as onethat attracted O’Keeffe’s attention?A. BonesB. SandC. The skyD. FlowersPassage 2In general, as soon as the newborn child’s muscles, sense organs, and nerves are fully formed, the child begins to use them. But much of the human nervous system is not fully developed until the child is a year or two old, and some parts, such as the corpus callosum, continue to mature for at least the next 20 years.The general pattern of bodily development is from head to foot. Simple skills, such as head movements, appear first because the structures that control these skills are among the first to mature. More complex behavior patterns, such as crawling, standing, and walking, come much later in the developmental sequence than head movements do.The motor centers in the brain are connected by long nerve fibers(usually through one or more synapses) to the muscles in various parts of the body. Since the head muscles are closer to the brain than the foot muscles, according to one theory, the head comes under the control of the motor centers long before the feet do. The appearance of a new motor skill(such as crawling and grasping) always suggests that a new part of the child’s body has just matured—that is, that the brain centers have just begun to control the muscles involved in the new motor skill.25. What is the author’s main purpose in this passage?A. To describe how children crawl, stand, and walkB. To explain why some children are slow to developC. To describe early physical development in childrenD. To explain the function of the corpus callosum26. According to the passage, the corpus callosum is part of the human ________.A. muscular systemB. digestive systemC. circulatory systemD. nervous system827. According to the passage, which of the following motor skills does an infant first develop?A. Moving the headB. CrawlingC. Controlling the armsD. KickingPassage 3When we accept the evidence of our unaided eyes and describe the Sun as a yellow star, we have summed up the most important single fact about it—at this moment in time. It appears probable, however, that sunlight will be the color we know for only a negligibly small part of the Sun’s history.Stars, like individuals, age and change. As we look out into space, we see around us stars at all stages of evolution. There are faint bloodred dwarfs so cool that their surface temperature is a mere 4,000 degrees Fahrenheit, there are searing ghosts blazing at 100,000 degrees Fahrenheit and almost too hot to be seen, for the great part of their radiation is in the invisible ultraviolet range. Obviously, the“daylight”produced by any star depends on its temperature; today(and for ages to come) our Sun is at about 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit, and this means that most of the Sun’s light is concentrated in the yellow band of the spectrum, falling slowly in intensity toward both the longer and shorter light waves.That yellow“hump”will shift as the Sun evolves, and the light of day will change accordingly. It is natural to assume that as the Sun grows older, and uses up its hydrogen fuel—which it is now doing at the spanking rate of half a billion tons a second－it will become steadily colder and redder.28. What is the passage mainly about?A. Faint dwarf starsB. The evolutionary cycle of the SunC. The Sun’s fuel problemD. The dangers of invisible radiation29. What does the author say is especially important about the Sun at the present time?A. It appears yellowB. It always remains the sameC. It has a short historyD. It is too cold30. Why are very hot stars referred to as“ghosts”?A. They are short-lived.B. They are mysterious.C. They are frightening.D. They are nearly invisible.Ⅳ. Answer the questions. (20%)There are 4 simple questions in this part, which are based on the texts you have learned.Give the brief answer to each of the questions. Your answers must be to the point and grammatically correct. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. In The Lady or the Tiger, what was the king like? How was he different from his neighbors?2. What kind of woman was the heroine in The Necklace ?3. What insects appear in the last story of The Animals of Aesop? And what did the grasshopper doall summer?4. Why did Shylock in The Merchant of Venice have a special hatred for Antonio?910。
高等教育自学考试自考《英语二》试卷及答案指导(2025年)
2025年高等教育自学考试自考《英语二》复习试卷及答案指导一、阅读判断（共10分）第一题Read the following passage and answer the questions below.The concept of a “smart city” has been gaining traction in recent years.A smart city uses digital technology to enhance performance and well-being, to reduce costs and resource consumption, and to engage more effectively with its citizens. Key components of a smart city include smart traffic lights to reduce congestion, smart grids for better energy management, and smart buildings that optimize energy use.1.A smart city uses digital technology to enhance the quality of life forits residents.2.Smart cities aim to reduce costs and resource consumption.3.A smart city does not need to engage with its citizens effectively.4.Smart traffic lights are not a component of a smart city.5.Smart grids are only used for better energy management in smart cities.Answers:1.True2.True3.False4.False5.TrueSecond Question: Reading Judgmentpassage:With the globalization of trade and industry, the importance of English in higher education has been increasingly recognized. The following passage focuses on the role of English in modern academic research and its impact on students’ career prospects.English has become a global language of communication in higher education. It is not only a subject studied in colleges and universities but also a medium for conducting research and academic exchanges. Students who excel in English are more likely to participate in international projects, present their research findings at international conferences, and collaborate with peers from different countries. This not only enhances their academic skills but also broadens their horizons and improves their career opportunities.Moreover, proficiency in English helps students understand the latest developments in their fields of study. With the help of English, they can access various resources on the internet to gather information and gain knowledge easily. They are also better positioned to read books, research papers, and other literature published in English, which often offer deeper insights into variousdisciplines. As a result, students with good English skills are more competitive in the job market and are more likely to succeed in their chosen careers.Questions:1.English is not considered as a global language of communication in highereducation.2.Students who excel in English are less likely to participate ininternational projects.3.Proficient knowledge of English improves students’ career opportunitiesby enhancing their academic skills and broadening their horizons.4.Good English skills do not make students more competitive in the jobmarket.5.Studying English in higher education has no impact on students’understanding of the latest developments in their fields of study.Answers:1.错误（False）2.错误（False）3.正确（True）4.错误（False）5.错误（False）二、阅读理解（共10分）Passage 1:Text:In the modern world, technology plays a vital role in our daily lives. The evolution of smartphones has been a significant breakthrough in this field. From communication to entertainment, smartphones have revolutionized the way we live. They have become more than just a tool for making phone calls; they are now our companions, our connection to the world.Apps like social media, banking, and education have made smartphones more than just a device for communication. They provide us with information, entertainment, and education at our fingertips. With the help of smartphones, people can stay connected with their friends and family no matter where they are located. They can access the internet, check their emails, browse through news updates, and learn new things through various educational apps.Moreover, smartphones have also become an important tool for businesses. They help businesses stay connected with their customers, improve productivity, and manage their operations efficiently. With the help of mobile apps, businesses can provide better customer services and improve their overall performance.Questions:1.What has smartphones become in our daily lives?A. A tool for communication only.B. A companion and connection to the world.C. An instrument for entertainment purposes only.D. A device for learning only.答案：B. A companion and connection to the world。
自考英语科技文选试题及答案解析7月浙江
浙江省2018年7月高等教育自学考试英语科技文选试题课程代码：00836Ⅰ.Directions: Add the appropriate affix(es) to each word according to the given Chinese, making changes when necessary.(10%)1. biology 外空生物学 1.______2. historic 史前的 2.______3. option 随意的 3.______4. fiction 虚构的 4.______5. hard 变硬 5.______6. module 标准尺寸的 6.______7. foam 泡沫丰富的7.______8. bluish 浅蓝色的8.______9. meter 万用表9.______10. facial 双面的10.______Ⅱ.Directions: Fill in the blanks, each using one of the given phrases below in its proper form.(10%)in time be compatible with bump into embark on do it justicebound up with in relation to lead to under way in the event of1. Particular emphasis should be laid on two areas of thinking. The first is ______ the concentrationof research in the industrial countries, which is giving rise to economic and socio—cultural imbalances.2. Measuring time also implies situating events ______ each other, in other words, dating them.3. ______,many things now unknown will become known.4. Few general readers ______ even one of the thirteen volumes of Science and Civilization inChina so far published.5. Eventually we shall be able to “humanize”animals by injecting them with human genes fortransplantation purposes, so that their organs will become ______ the body of the person receiving the transplant.6. When production gets ______,a hologram of each newly manufactured propeller issuperimposed on the hologram of the defect—free model.7. A world made up entirely of erratic electrical gyrations in curved space requires a bizarremathematics to ______.8. Unlike most plastics,______ fire, Borosilicate glass will not give off any toxic gases.9. Every day, however, we ______ phenomena that may well be unknowable but that we do notrecognize as such.10. In both sexes, trying to recognize rhymes ______ increased blood flow in the inferior frontal1gyrus of the left hemisphere, which has long been linked to language ability.ⅢAlcohol has an incredible power to affect the mind. A few drinks can ___1___ a sure step—a stagger, a thought into a blur, and speech into a slur.Alcohol also can be ___2___.It can make some people feel an intense need for a drink, or many drinks. Years of heavy drinking can even destroy ___3___,leaving a person unable to remember new information ___4___ events for more than a few seconds.Alcohol’s mind-altering effects are obvious. But ___5___ what alcohol does to the brain is not obvious. In the past scientists could directly study alcohol’s actions on the brain only by examining brain tissue after a person’s ___6___.But now high-tech tools can ″see inside living brains to reveal clues ___7___ alcohol’s devastating ways.To study alcohol’s effects on the brain, scientists ___8___ images of the brains of people who have used a lot of alcohol in their lives with the brains of people who have used little or no alcohol. Such comparisons reveal that heavy, long-term use of alcohol ___9___ parts of the brain, making the brain ___10___.As the brain shrinks, fluid-filled cavities called ventricles in the brain’s center enlarge.1._______ 6._______2._______ 7._______3._______ 8._______4._______ 9._______5._______ 10._______Ⅳ.Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, each using one of the given words or phrases below.(10%)customary stem from save from persistent instrument1. 病人持续高烧使大夫们感到困惑。
00836英语科技文选全国2013年7月自考试题
全国2013年7月高等教育自学考试月高等教育自学考试英语科技文选试题课程代码：00836 I. Directions: Read through the following passages. Choose the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (20%) (A) The world‟s largest social network will shift its corporate he adquarters starting this summer to a 57-acre campus with 1 million square f.eet of office space in Menlo Park, California, making its second second move move move in in in less less less than than than two two two years. years. years. The The The move, move, move, which which which will will will see see see Facebook Facebook Facebook swap swap swap its its its Palo Palo Palo Alto Alto address for a home base in a largely undeveloped area near the entrance to a busy Bay Area bridge, will will give give give the the the company company company much-needed much-needed much-needed room room room to to to grow, grow, grow, even even even if if if the the the new new new location location location lacks lacks lacks some some some of of of the the glamour glamour of of of other other other corporate corporate corporate real real real estate estate estate deals. deals. deals. Google Google Google Inc, Inc, Inc, which which which is is is increasingly increasingly increasingly vying vying vying with with Facebook for engineering talent, announced on Tuesday that it had leased an iconic building for its staff in Santa Monica. Google's headquarters is in Mountain View, California. Facebook executives said the company, which turned seven on Friday, is seeking the space beyond its nearby Palo Alto base to contain its explosive expansion. The company has seen its payroll swell by about 50 percent annually in past years to about 2,000 now, a pace it expects to sustain in coming years. Its new Menlo Park location can house about 3,600 people, executives said. Facebook leased the campus -- the former headquarters of Sun Microsystems which Oracle Corp took over in 2010 -- and and will will will begin begin begin moving moving moving in in in June June or July. The The site, site, site, a a a cluster cluster cluster of of of nine nine nine blockish buildings blockish buildings and and wide, wide, open spa ces wedged between the freeway and the San Francisco Bay, is known locally as “Sun Quentin” for what insiders say is a passing, resemblance to the state prison 50 miles north. John Tenanes, Tenanes, Facebook‟s Facebook‟s director director of of of global global global real real real estate, estate, estate, offered offered offered a a a more more more metropol metropol metropolitan itan itan analogy analogy analogy for for for the the company‟s new home at a briefing with reporters at Menlo Park City Hall on Tuesday, noting that the various parts of the campus were connected by a courtyard. “That‟s how we plan to look at this, like an urban street, or an urban setting. We think this is going to be kind of the glue that holds the buildings and people together,” he said. Speaking to reporters after the briefing, Tenanes said the new campus will provide plenty of important amenities, including a fitness center, a basketball court, court, an an an auditorium auditorium auditorium and and and two two two cafes. cafes. cafes. Facebook‟s Facebook‟s move move was was was announced announced announced the the the same same same day day day that that that Web Web arch-foe Google said it had leased a Frank Gehry-designed office building a stone‟s throw from the the sun-speckled sun-speckled sun-speckled beaches beaches beaches of of of Santa Santa Santa Monica, Monica, Monica, near near near Los Los Los Angeles. Angeles. Angeles. Google Google Google leased leased leased the the the iconic iconic iconic former former headquarters headquarters of of of the the the Chiat/Day Chiat/Day Chiat/Day advertising advertising advertising agency agency agency -- -- -- whose whose whose giant giant giant binoculars-shaped binoculars-shaped binoculars-shaped facade facade facade is is is a a fixture fixture of of of travel travel travel guide guide guide books books books -- -- -- in in in V V enice, California, California, to to to house house house part part part of of of its its its own own own envisioned envisioned expansion, with 6,000 people set to join the company‟s payroll this year.1. According to the passage, one main reason for the move of Facebook is ______. A. due to its rapid growth B. in response to Google‟s actC. that it could provide more amenities for its employees D. that it needs an urban setting 2. The word “swap” in line 3 is closest in meaning to ______. A. move B. give up C. replace D. use 3. According to the passage, all of the following are true EXCEPT ______. A. Facebook was established seven years ago B. Google probably has a higher employment level than Facebook C. both Facebook and Google are badly in need of talented engineers D. Facebook‟s new home is located in a metropolitan district4. According to the passage, Sun Quentin is probably the name of ______.A. a park B. a prison C. a bay D. a company 5. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. Facebook is a larger social network than Google. B. Both Facebook and Google are the largest networks in the world. C. Facebook‟s staff can work out in its new home base.D. F acebook‟s staff get a raise every other year.(B)Some fish in New York‟s Hudson River have become resistant to several of the waterway‟s more toxic toxic pollutants. pollutants. pollutants. Instead Instead Instead of of of getting getting getting sick sick sick from from from dioxins dioxins dioxins and and and related related related compounds compounds compounds including including including some some polychlorinated polychlorinated biphenyls, biphenyls, biphenyls, Atlantic Atlantic Atlantic tomcod tomcod tomcod harmlessly harmlessly harmlessly store store store these these these poisons poisons poisons in in in fat, fat, fat, a a a new new new study study finds. But what‟s good for this bottom -dwelling species could be bad for those feeding on it, says Isaac Isaac Wirgin Wirgin of of the the the New New New Y Y ork University University School School School of of of Medicine‟s Medicine‟s Medicine‟s Institute Institute Institute of of of Environmen Environmen Environmental tal Medicine in Tuxedo. Each bite of tomcod that a predator takes, he explains, will move a potent dose of toxic chemicals up the food chain — eventually into species that could end up on home dinner tables. From 1947 to 1976, two General Electric manufacturing plants along the Hudson River produced PCBs for a range of uses, including as insulating fluids in electrical transformers. Over Over the the the years, years, years, PCB PCB PCB and and and dioxin dioxin dioxin levels levels levels in in in the the the livers livers livers of of of the the the Hudson‟s Hudson‟s tomcod tomcod rose rose rose to to to become become “among “among the the the highest highest highest known known known in in in nature,”nature,” Wirgin Wirgin and and and his his his colleagues colleagues colleagues note note note online online online February February February 17 17 17 in in Science . Because these fish don‟t detoxify PCBs, Wirgin explains, it was a surprise that they could accumulate such hefty contamination without becoming poisoned. His team now reports that the tomcod‟s protection traces to a single mutation in one gene. The gene is responsible for producing a protein needed to unleash the pollutants‟ toxicity. All vertebrates contain molecules in their cells that that will will will bind bind bind to to to dioxins dioxins dioxins and and and related related related compounds. compounds. compounds. Indeed, Indeed, Indeed, these these these proteins proteins proteins —— aryl aryl hydrocarbon hydrocarbon receptors, or AHRs — are often referred to as dioxin receptors. Once these poisons diffuse into an exposed cell, each molecule can mate with a receptor and together they eventually pick up a third molecule. molecule. This This This trio trio trio can can can then then then do do dock ck ck with with with select select select segments segments segments of of of DNA DNA DNA in in in the the the cell‟s cell‟s cell‟s nucleus nucleus nucleus to to inappropriately turn on genes that can poison the host animal. The tomcod actually has two types of of AHRs, AHRs, AHRs, with with with AHR-2 AHR-2 AHR-2 offering offering offering the the the most most most effective effective effective binding binding binding to to to dioxin-like dioxin-like dioxin-like pollutants. pollutants. pollutants. But But But one one naturally naturally occurring occurring occurring AHR-2 AHR-2 AHR-2 variant, variant, variant, the the the result result result of of of a a a gene gene gene mutation, mutation, mutation, proves proves proves a a a very very very poor poor poor mate, mate, Wirgin‟s team has found. It takes five times more of the pollutants to get substantial binding than is is needed needed needed with with with the the the conventional AHR-2. conventional AHR-2. In In local local local rivers rivers rivers relatively relatively relatively free free free of of dioxins dioxins and PCBs, 95 and PCBs, 95 percent of tomcod possess AHR-2 only in the conventional form. But in the PCB-rich Hudson, Wirgin‟s Wirgin‟s group group group finds, finds, finds, the the the only only only kind kind kind of of of AHR AHR AHR-2 -2 -2 protein protein protein in in in 99 99 99 percent percent percent of of of tomcod tomcod tomcod is is is the the the poorly poorly binding variant. The mutant receptor appears to have evolved long ago and to be widely dispersed. But But in in in the the the Hudson, Hudson, Hudson, fish fish fish with with with the the the gene gene gene to to to make make make the the the mutant mutant mutant receptor receptor receptor have have have thrived, thrived, thrived, while while while those those without it have died out, Wirgin notes. 6. What does the passage mainly discuss? A. How toxic chemicals end up on home dinner tables. B. How vertebrates mutate in Hudson River. C. Why Atlantic tomcod do not get sick from dioxins. D. Why all the creatures thrive in Hudson River. 7. What is responsible for producing a protein needed to release the pollutants‟ toxicity?A. Two General Electric manufacturing plants. B. The mutant receptor. C. The tomcod. D. The gene. 8. What is NOT true about AHRs? A. They are poisons. B. They are pollutants. C. They are proteins. D. They are plants. 9. According to the passage, all of the following are true EXCEPT ______. A. most probably the mutant receptor evolved long ago B. AHRs are often used as a short form for dioxin receptors C. fish with the gene to make the mutant receptor will eventually disappear completely D. D. when when when the the the river river river does does does not not not have have have dioxins dioxins dioxins and and and PCBs, PCBs, PCBs, most most most tomcod tomcod tomcod possess possess possess AHR-2 AHR-2 AHR-2 only only only in in in the the conventional form 10. According to the passage, why are Hudson River fish resistant to pollution? A. Because of their living at the bottom of the river. B. Because of their removal of all the poisonous substances from the water. C. Because of their immune system. D. Because of their genetic mutation. II. Directions: Add the affix to each word according to the givenChinese, making changes when necessary. (10%)11. accelerate 加速装置加速装置12. fiction 虚构的虚构的 13. alternation 可选择的可选择的 14. organic 无机的无机的15. compare 可比的可比的16. technology 生物技术生物技术17. attractive 诱引剂诱引剂18. harmony 和谐的和谐的19. singular 奇点奇点20. connect 使互相连接使互相连接III. Directions: Fill in the blanks, each using one of the given words or phrases below in its proper form.(12%)a sense of in memory of stand for be ignorant of specialize in at random turn out take for granted deficient in access to within reach of be associated with 21. They ______ any events outside their own town. 22. What does the E ______？23. The whole affair left them with ______ complete helplessness. 24. After qualifying, he decided to ______ contract law. 25. His diet is ______ calcium. 26. The facilities have been adapted to give ______ wheelchair users. 27. All the main tourist attractions are ______ the hotel. 28. She set up a charitable fund ______ her father. 29. The killer appears to select his victims ______. 30. We must not ______ that he is always wrong. 31. They have been ______ great blades for 400 years. 32. The patient‟s p roblems ______ cancer treatment. IV IV.. Directions: Fill in each blank with a suitable word given below. (80%) web on of science debates and bridge inPopular Popular science, science, science, sometimes sometimes sometimes called called called literature literature literature of of of science, science, science, is is is interpretation interpretation interpretation of of of _33_ _33_ _33_ intended intended intended for for for a a general audience. While science journalism focuses _34_ recent scientific developments, popular science science is is is broad-ranging, broad-ranging, broad-ranging, often often often written written written by by by scientists scientists scientists as as as well well well as as as journalists, journalists, journalists, _35_ _35_ _35_ is is presented presented in in many many formats, formats, formats, which which which can can can include include include books, books, books, television television television documentaries, documentaries, documentaries, magazine magazine magazine articles articles articles and and and _36_ _36_ pages. pages. Popular Popular Popular science science science is is is a a a _37_ _37_ _37_ between between between scientific scientific scientific literature literature literature as as as a a a professional professional professional medium medium medium of of scientific research, and the realms of popular political and cultural discourse. The goal _38_ the genre is often to capture the methods and accuracy of science, while making the language more accessible. accessible. Many Many Many science-related science-related science-related controversies controversies controversies are are are discussed discussed discussed _39_ _39_ _39_ popular popular popular science science science books books books and and publications, publications, such such such as as as the the the long-running long-running long-running _40_ _40_ _40_ over over over biological biological biological determinism determinism determinism and and and the the the biological biological components of intelligence, stirred by popular books such as The Mismeasureof Man and T he The Bell Curve . V . Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, each using one of the given words or phrases below. (10%)replete with in the event of an array of reinforce bear out 41．这本书充满了幽默的情节。
自考英语试题及参考答案
自考英语试题及参考答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The teacher asked the students to stop ________ and listen to her.A) talkingB) to talkC) talkedD) talks答案：A2. He _______ his hometown for ten years.A) leftB) has leftC) was leavingD) has been away from答案：D3. ________ the heavy rain, the match had to be put off.A) Because ofB) Owing toC) Due toD) In spite of答案：A4. The book is worth ________.A) to readB) readC) readingD) being read答案：C5. She is ________ to go abroad for further education.A) possibleB) likelyC) probableD) capable答案：B6. The manager, ________ the meeting, was very satisfied with the progress.A) attendedB) attendingC) to attendD) having attended答案：D7. ________ the problem, they decided to consult an expert.A) Faced withB) FacingC) To faceD) Having faced答案：A8. The young man is ________ to be a famous actor in the future.A) likelyB) probableC) possibleD) capable答案：A9. ________ the truth, he didn't tell anyone about it.A) TellingB) To tellC) ToldD) Having told答案：B10. The children ________ the kite in the park yesterday afternoon.A) flewB) were flyingC) have flownD) had flown答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The ________ (会议) was postponed due to the bad weather.答案：meeting2. She is ________ (正在学习) English at the moment.答案：studying3. The ________ (结果) of the experiment was surprising.答案：result4. He is ________ (擅长) playing the piano.答案：good at5. The ________ (问题) is how to solve it.答案：problem6. ________ (无论) what happens, I will stand by you.答案：No matter7. The ________ (计划) is to finish the project by the end of the year.答案：plan8. She is ________ (害怕) of the dark.答案：afraid9. The ________ (经理) is in charge of the company.答案：manager10. The ________ (学生) are required to wear uniforms.答案：students三、阅读理解（每题3分，共30分）阅读以下短文，然后回答后面的问题。
全国2004年7月高等教育自学考试英语科技文选试题2
Ⅳ.Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, each using one of the given words orphrases below.(10%)in common be regarded as bump into afford untanglebe incompatible41. 在许多情况下，接受器官移植的⾝体对移植器官有排他性。
42. 这两个朋友有许多共同之处。
43. 解开缠绕的电线花了他很长时间。
44. ⼼理学是⽣物科学的⼀个分⽀。
他研究⼈的⼼理状态、⼼理过程等现象。
45. 这个国家难以舍弃这些受过良好教育的专业⼈才。
Ⅴ.Directions: Translate the following paragraph(s) into Chinese.(15%)46.Cyberspace,of course, is bigger than a telephone call. It encompasses the millions of personalcomputers connected by modems—via the telephone system—to commercial online services, as well as the millions more with high-speed links to local area networks, office E-mail systems and the Internet. Itincludes the rapidly expanding wireless services: microwave towers that carry great quantities of cellularphone and data traffic; communications satellites strung like beads in geosynchronous orbit; low-flyingsatellites that will soon crisscross the globe like angry bees, connecting folks too far-flung or too much on the go to be tethered by wires. Someday even our television sets may be part of cyberspace, transformed intointeractive “ teleputers ” by so-called full-service networks like the ones several cable-TV companies(including Time Warner) are building along the old cable lines, using fiber optics and high-speedswitches. Ⅵ.Directions:Read through the following passages and choose the best answer marked A,B,C orD.(20%) There are two main things that make aircraft engineering difficult; the need to make every component as reliable as possible and the need to build everything as light as possible. The fact that an aeroplane is up in the air and cannot stop if anything goes wrong, makes it perhaps a matter of life or death that its performance is absolutely dependable. Given a certain power of engine, and consequently a certain fuel consumption, there is a practical limit to the total weight of aircraft that can be made to fly. Out of that weight as much as possible is wanted for fuel, radio navigational instruments, passenger seats, or freight room, and, of course, the passengers or freight themselves. So the structure of the aircraft has to be as small and light as safety and efficiency will allow. The designer must calculate the normal load that each part will bear. This specialist is called the‘stress man’. He takes account of any unusual stress that may be put on the part as a precaution against errors in manufacture, acciedental damage, etc. The stress man’s calculations go to the designer of the part, and he must make it as strong as the stress man says if necessary. One or two samples are always tested to prove that they are as strong as the designer intended. Each separate part is tested, then a whole assembly, for example, a complete wing, and finally the whole aeroplane. When a new type of aeroplane is being made, normally only one of the first three made will be flown. Two will be destroyed on the ground in structural tests. The third one will be tested in the air. Two kinds of ground strength tests are carried out. The first is to find the resistance to loading of thewings, tail, etc. until they reach their maximum load and collapse. The other test is for fatigue strength.Relatively small loads are applied thousands of times. Each may be well under what the structure could stand as a single load, but many repetitions can result in collapse. One from of this test is done on the passenger cabin. It is filled with air at high pressure as for high-altitude flying and completely submerged in a large tank of water while the test is going on. The surrounding water prevents the cabin from bursting like a bomb if there is a failure. When a plane has passed all the tests it can get a government certificate of airworthiness, without which it is illegal to fly, except for test flying. Making the working parts reliable is as difficult as making the structure strong enough. The flyingcontrols, the electrical equipment, the fire precautions, etc. must not only be light in weight, but must work both at high altitudes where the temperature may be below freezing point and in the hot air of an airfield in the tropics. To solve all these problems the aircraft industry has a large number of research workers, with elaborate laboratories and test houses, and new materials to give the best strength in relation to weight are constantly being tested.47. The two main requirements of aircraft design are ______.A. speed and cheapnessB. reliability and passenger comfortC. making things both light and dependableD. ability to stay up in the air and avoid breakdowns48. The maximum possible weight of an aircraft is determined by ______.A. the enigne powerB. the amount of freight roomC. the number of passengersD. international regulations49. The stress man’s job is to calculate ______.A. how safe the plane isB. how strong each part must beC. what height the plane will fly atD. the amount of luggage each passenger may carry50. The first three aeroplanes of a new type ______.A. are all destroyedB. do not flyC. are later broken up for spare partsD. are used for testing purposes51. The passenger cabin test in water is designed to ______.A. make sure the plane would be safe if it landed in waterB. test fatigue strengthC. see of the cabin will burst like a bombD. keep the cabin cool。
全国2011年7月高等教育自学考试英语科技文选试题
全国2011年7月高等教育自学考试英语科技文选试题课程代码:00836PART A: VOCABULARYI. Directions: Add the affix to each word according to the given Chinese, making changes when necessary. (8 %)1．art 人造的 1．_______2．mathematics 数学家 2．_______3． irreversible 不可逆转性 3．_______4．quality 定性的 4．_______5． certify 证明合格的 5．_______6．spring 子孙；后代 6．_______7．requisite 先决条件 7._______8．sense 感觉的 8．_______H. Directions: Fill in the blanks, each using one of the given words or phrases below in its proper form.(12%)all at once adeptat specialize in wind upin the justification of what’s more doomedto applicable toaccrue to opt for in common submit to9. I can’t do it_______ but I’ll have it finished by the end of the week.10. My sister is very_______ making people at their ease.11. Depending on your circumstances you may wish to_______ one method or the other.12. I had very little_______ with my sister.13. When I finish this short story, I will have it_______a magazine.14. She is a lawyer who _______divorce cases.15. His earlier comments were not _______our later discussion.16. It is harmful to my health, and _______, it is no good to my work.17. Interest _______my savings account monthly.18. Can you think of a good joke I can use to _______my speech?19. I used to pour time and energy into projects that were_______failure from the very start.20. He said this _______his action.III. Directions: Fill in each blank with a suitable word given below. (10%)homework wish punishment countless rushnearly necessary family te levision beforeFamilies in America toady schedule their lives around the television. Children 21 home from school to watch their programs while they do their 22 . Mother shops between her special programs. The ski slopes are 23 empty on Superbowl Sunday; football on TV takes precedence.The 24 may even eat meals in front of the television. Moreover, 25 is used as baby-sitter; small children nationwide spend 26 hours infront of the TV, passively ingesting whatever flashes 27 their eyes. Addition of some sort inevitably follows; TV becomes a 28 part oflife, and receiving a TV for his own room becomes the 29 of every child.Moreover, parents use the television as a source of reward and 30 . Ultimately, life-styles revolve round a regular schedule of eating, sleeping, and watching television.21. ________ 22. ________ 23.________ 24. ________25. ________ 26. ________ 27.________ 28. ________29. ________ 30. ________PART B: TRANSLATIONIV. Directions: Translate the following sentences into English,each using one of the given words or phrases below. (10%)allot manipulate differentiate shift lose sight of3 1．千万不要迷失你生活的主要目标。
浙江7月高等教育自学考试英语(二)试题及答案解析
浙江省2018年7月高等教育自学考试英语(二)试题课程代码：00015Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points,1 point for each)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并写在答题纸相应的位置上。
1._______ English,you had better learn another foreign language.A. BesideB. Except forC. ExceptD. In addition to2.Diamonds are the hardest substance _______ in nature.A. findB. to findC. findingD. found3.The most common use of telecommunication satellites has been for ______ telephone calls.A. transformingB. translatingC. transmittingD. transporting4.The escaped prisoner is still _______.A. wonderingB. arrestingC. at freeD. at large5.The editors of a dictionary collect the _______ of each word －the sentences in which it appears,along with the word itself.A. contactB. contextC. connectD. conclusion6.Our space and time laws don't seem _______ objects in the area of a black hole.A. apply toB. apply forC.to be applied toD. to be applied for7.Some other cases,though less dramatic,are equally _______ of attention.A. preservingB. conservingC. deservingD. serving8._______ how to minimize the worst effects of Jet Lag,and your flight will be less stressful.A. If you understandB. UnderstandC. To understandD. By understanding9.It _______ 36 monkeys to test a sample of polio vaccine,now it takes only 22.A. used to takingB. used to takeC. is used to takeD. was used to taking10.His tastes and habits _______ surprisingly with those of his wife.A. coincideB. likeC. similarD. alikeⅡ.Mistake Recognition(10 points,1 point for each)下面的句子中每个句子都有四处划有横线并标以A 、B 、C 、D ，其中有一处是错误的。