高一英语必修四第二单元知识点总结
人教新课标高中英语必修4Unit2重点知识点汇总
人教新课标高中英语必修 4 Unit2重点知识点汇总Unit 2 Working the Land核心词汇1.struggle v.挣扎;努力;拼搏;斗争n. (为争取自由、政治权利等而进行的)斗争,奋斗【常用结构】struggle with 与……斗争struggle for 为争取……而斗争struggle against 与……斗争;为反对……而斗争struggle to do sth. (=make great efforts to do sth.) 努力做某事feet 挣扎着站起来struggle to one’sShe struggled to keep back the tears. 她努力忍住泪水。
It was a hard struggle to get my work done on time.为使工作按时完成, 我做了一番努力。
【易混辨析】struggle/fightstruggle 指较长时间的、激烈的斗争,往往指肉体及精神上的战斗。
fight 意为“搏斗,打斗,打架”,表示“斗争”时,包含体力和勇猛的因素。
2.expand v.扩大;扩展;增加;增长;(使)膨胀;阐述;使变大【常用结构】expand...into... 将……扩展/发展成……expand on 阐述;详谈He is thinking of expanding his business.他在正考虑扩大他的生意。
population expanded by 12%.In ten years the c ity’s十年之中,该市人口增加了百分之十二。
【联想拓展】expansion n.展开;膨胀;扩展expansive a dj.广阔的;易膨胀的【易混辨析】expand/extend/spread/stretchexpand 意为“展开,扩大”,不仅指尺寸的增加,还可指范围和体积的扩大。
extend 意为“伸出,延伸”,指空间范围的扩大,以及长度,宽度的向外延伸,也可指时间的延长。
高中英语必修4知识点unit2
Unit 2 Working the landI重点词汇1.struggl.vi.&n.斗争;拼搏;努力[典例]1).The.wer.strugglin.t.ge.ou.th.burnin.car.他们挣扎着从烧着的车里往外爬。
2).Th.boo.i.abou.thei.struggl.fo.liberation.这本书写的是他们为解放而作的斗争。
[词语归纳]struggle for 为……而斗争struggle with / against与……作斗争struggle to do sth.努力做某事straggle to one’ s feet挣扎着站起来a life-and-death struggle生死搏斗[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。
1).The.ar._______.(为……而斗争.th.position2).The.struggle.al.throug.th.year._____.u.______.th.Japanese.(介词)3).Th.fo.struggle._______.(escape).4).H.______.______.______.______.(挣扎着站起来.an.dragge.slowl.ahead.Keys.1).strugglin.for. 2).with.agains.. 3).t.escap.. 4).struggle.t.hi.feet2.equi.vt.&vi.配备;装. equipmen.n.[u.装备;设备[典例]1).The.equippe.themselve.fo.th.expedition.他们为远征治装。
2)catio.shoul.equi.yo.fo.life.有良好的教育能受用终生。
[重点用法]equi.sb./sth.wit.用……武装某人;用……装备某.equi.sb./sth.fo.为……而武装某人;为……而装备某.a piece of office equipment 一件办公设备[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。
必修4 unit 2 知识点
1. struggle v.挣扎;努力;拼搏;斗争 We should help those who are still struggling for independence. Her mother has been struggling against illness for many years. She struggled to control her temper. struggle for 为争取……而斗争 struggle against为反对……而斗争 struggle to do sth. (=make great efforts to do sth.) 努力做某事
5. be satisfied with 对……感到满意 She is never satisfied with what she has got. satisfy v. 使满意 satisfying adj. 令人满意的 satisfaction n. 满意,满足 6. would rather宁愿;宁可;最好 would rather没有人称和数的变化,它通常用以 以下三种句型: (1) would rather+动词原形 You would rather stay at home and do some reading this evening. I’d rather not go there. 我宁愿不去那里。
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(2) would rather do…than do…/ would do…rather than do…宁愿做…不愿做.. I would rather stay at home than go out on Sunday. (3) would rather(that) sb. did sth./had done sth.宁 愿某人做某事(从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气) I’d rather you didn’t. (常用来委婉拒绝别人) 我希望你不要。 I’d rather you came tomorrow . I’ d rather you had stayed at home last night.
高中英语必修四Unit2知识归纳
Unit 2 知识归纳词汇1.struggle v.&n.挣扎;努力;奋斗;斗争;艰难地进行(1)struggle to do sth.努力做某事;挣扎着做某事struggle against/with同……作斗争struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来struggle for 为……而斗争;努力争取……struggle on挣扎着,坚持下去(2)with a struggle 费劲地2.expand vt.& vi. 扩大,增加;使变大;使增强;使膨胀;阐述;细谈(1)expand into/in...使扩大,变大;把……扩展expand on/upon 阐述,详谈(2)expand...into...把……扩展/发展成……(3)expansive adj.易扩张的;易膨胀的;广阔的expansion n. 扩张;膨胀;扩大;发展Metals expand when they are heated.金属受热则膨胀。
同类辨析expand,extend,spread,stretch与enlarge(1)expand展开,扩大,使膨胀;不仅指尺寸的增加,还可指范围和体积的扩大。
(2)extend伸长,延伸,指空间范围等的扩大,以及长度、宽度的向外延伸,也可指时间的延长。
(3)spread伸开,传播,一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围,如传播(疾病)、散布(信息)等。
(4)stretch伸展,拉长,一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展,不是加长。
(5)enlarge指面积、体积和范围的扩大以及能力的增长,不能用来指重量、速度、时间等。
3.equip vt.装备;配备(1)equip...for sth./to do sth.为了(做)……而装备……equip...with...用……装备……,使装(具)备equip oneself 整装,预备行装(2)be equipped for准备好,对……有准备be equipped with装(配)备;安装be fully/specially/poorly/well equipped装备齐全/独特/简陋/完好(3)equipment n.[U]装备;设备a piece of equipment (不可用an equipment)4.regret vt.惋惜;遗憾n.遗憾;懊悔(1)regret to do sth.(常和tell,say,inform等动词连用)对将要做某事表示遗憾regret doing sth.后悔做了某事regret+thatclause遗憾……(2)feel regret for对……感到后悔to one's regret令某人感到遗憾的是It's to be regretted that...令人遗憾的是……with great/deep regret很遗憾5.focus n.集中点,焦点,调焦;兴趣或注意力的中心vt.&vi.(使)聚焦,(使)集中精力于……(1)focus one's eyes/energy/mind/attention on sth.把某人的眼神/精力/思想/注意力集中于某物(2)focus on/upon sth.(某人)把注意力集中于某物(3)out of focus模糊不清/焦点没有对准的in focus清晰的/焦点对准的bring sth.into focus使……成为关注的焦点the focus of attention/concern注意力/关注的焦点6.reduce vt. 缩减,减少;使……处于……状态(表示此种意义时,常用于被动语态);使变弱;使降职(级)(1)reduce sth.(from sth.) to...把……减少到……reduce sth.(from sth.) by...把……减少了……be reduced to...沦落为……be reduced to despair 陷入绝望reduce sb.(from sth.) to...把某人(从某级别或职位)降至……(2)reduction n.减少,缩减;折扣;减价make a reduction减价(3)(反)increase v.增加,增长,增大7.comment n.&vi.评论,注释,意见(1)make comments on/upon sth.评论某事without comment不必多说no comment无可奉告(2)comment on/upon评论,谈论,对……提意见comment that...评论……He made several comments on the film.他对这部电影作出了许多评论。
高一英语新课标必修4unit2知识点
一、Key phrases
1.struggle for
为……斗争
struggle against/with 同……作斗争
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
2.expand
“展开,扩大” 范围和体积扩大
extend
“伸出,延伸” 长度,宽度的外延
二、Key language points
1.work the land work vi &vt. How many hours a day do you work?
• △organic [ɔ:'ɡænik] • adj.有机的; 器官的;组织的
• △fertile ['fə:tail]
• adj. 肥沃的;富饶的肥料;
• △fertilizer ['fə:tilaizə] • n. 化肥
• production
• n.生产;制造
• bacteria (bac[btæerk'ituiəmriəm的] 复数形式) n .细菌
• 遗憾地要去做某事 • 令某人遗憾的是
with regret/pride/satisfaction • 遗憾地/骄傲地/满意地
6.reduce by ...
• 减少了…….
reduce to ...
• 减少到……
be reduced to n./doing
• 沦落为……
7.to one’s satisfaction
• 越南(东南亚国家) • 幸亏;由于;因为 • n. vt. & vi.战役;战斗;较量 • vt.摆脱;除去 • 摆脱;除去 • 对……感到满意 • n.自由;自主 • 宁愿;宁可 • adv.因为;所以;因而 • vt. & vi. 配备;装备 • n.高粱 • n. 谷物;粮食;颗粒. • n. 花生 • vt. & vi. /n 输出;出口
高一外语必修4unit2知识点
高一外语必修4unit2知识点高一外语必修4 Unit2 知识点Unit2是高一外语必修4教材中的一单元,主要涵盖了关于犯罪与法律的话题。
本文将详细介绍Unit2中的一些重要知识点,以帮助学生更好地理解和掌握这一单元内容。
一、单词与短语1. robbery (noun): 抢劫The police are investigating the robbery that took place at the bank yesterday.(警方正在调查昨天在银行发生的抢劫案。
)2. murder (noun): 谋杀The detective was able to solve the murder case and bring the killer to justice.(这名侦探成功破案,将凶手绳之以法。
)3. burglary (noun): 入室盗窃The house was empty when the burglary happened, so nobody saw the thief.(当入室盗窃案发生时,房子里空无一人,所以没人看到小偷。
)4. suspect (noun): 嫌疑犯The police arrested a suspect in connection with the robbery.(警方逮捕了一名与抢劫有关的嫌疑犯。
)5. evidence (noun): 证据The detective collected a lot of evidence at the crime scene.(这名侦探在犯罪现场收集了大量的证据。
)二、被动语态在Unit2中,我们需要掌握被动语态的用法。
被动语态是表示主语是动作的接受者的一种句式。
构成被动语态的基本结构为:“be + 过去分词”。
例如:Active: The police caught the thief.Passive: The thief was caught by the police.被动语态常用于描述某一行为的执行者不明确或不重要的情况下。
必修4 Unit 2 归纳总结
Review Book ④Unit2一、V-ing1. 动词-ing形式的构成: 是在动词末尾加-ing 形式构成, 因此又叫动词的-ing 形式。
如: do-doing, be-being, ask-asking, etc. 否定形式: not+ -ing 构成2. 动词-ing形式不能单独作谓语, 没有人称和数的变化, 但可以有自己的宾语和状语, 还有时态和语态的变化。
3. 动词-ing形式由动词加-ing变化而成, 它同时具有名词和动词的特征, 在句中可以作主语、宾语等。
①动词-ing形式作主语1.表示经常的、习惯性的动作或状态, 谓语动词通常用单数。
如:Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old.无论对年轻人和老年人来讲, 走路是一种很好的锻炼。
2. -ing形式作主语时常后置, 此时须用it作形式主语, 用形容词或名词作表语。
常见的名词或名词短语有: no use, no good, fun, hard work, a hard / difficult job, a waste of time 等; 形容词有: dangerous, worthwhile, useless等。
3. 在there be 结构中作主语, 这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do… ”。
如:若要人不知, 除非己莫为。
There is no hiding of evil but not to do it.△、动名词与不定式做主语时的比较:动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作,不定式则通常表示具体的动作。
如:还是个孩子的时侯, 她就觉得探视病人是一种责任, 也是一种愉悦。
As a child, she felt that visiting sick people was a duty and a pleasure.△、归纳: 常用-ing形式作主语的句型有:⏹It +be +a waste of time doing 做……是浪费时间的⏹It is/was no good/use doing 做……是没用处的⏹It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做……不值得⏹It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做……是值得的⏹There is no doing... 无法……; 不允许……There is no sense in doing 做……没有道理There is/was no use doing 干……无意义There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比……更糟的There is/was no point doing 干……无意义注意: There is no need to do sth 干……没必要, 在此句式中to do 不可换为doing.没有必要告诉她。
高中英语必修四第二单元重点
高中英语必修四第二单元重点、难点U n i t T w o W o r k i n g t h e l a n d1、Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.的确,他那被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞和手臂,以及他那瘦削而又结实的身体就跟过去五十年他一直在帮助的千百万的中国农民一样;完成时态的时间表达:1for + 段时间多长时间以来2before 以前3since + 时间点自从什么时间since +时间段 +ago 自从多长时间以前 since +从句自从… since then 从那以后4recently ; lately; in recent +时间最近;最近多长时间5so far; by far; up till now; by now 到现在为止6by the end of… / by the time… 到…时间结尾7 in / during / for the past / last + 时间段在过去的多长时间里特别提示:1如果句子中有以上时间,句子一般要用完成时;2before后不能跟时间;否则句子用过去时态;3by the end of… / by the time…多用于过去完成时或将来完成时;即时活用:1、________ several years he has been working like this. A. In B. After C. For D. Since2、The heavy rainfall has caused vegetable prices to rise daily ______ the last two months. A. by B. sinceC. forD. with3、–Where does Mr Zhang live --- He has been on the island ________the end of the Long March. A. sinceB. byC. inD. at 4、I have been in London twice ______ 1965. A. in B. sinceC. duringD. when 答案:C C A B2、Dr. Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.袁博士寻找一种在不扩大土地面积的情况下增加收成的办法;search vt. 搜查The guards searched the house carefully. 警卫仔细搜查了整个房子;They searched the woods for the lost boy. 他们搜查整个森林寻找丢失的小孩;联想扩展:1search for寻找 What are you searching for 你在找什么2search one’s heart 扪心自问I often search my heart if I am a competent teacher. 我常扪心自问我是不是一个称职的老师;3in search of 寻找 We started at once in search of something to eat. 我们立刻开始寻找可吃的东西;3、Dr. Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.袁博士寻找一种在不扩大土地面积的情况下增加收成的办法;expand vi. & vt. 用法归纳:1膨胀;扩大 A tyre expands when you pump air into it. 给轮胎充气轮胎会鼓起来的;Xi’an is expanding in all directions. 西安正在向四周扩大;2加大;使膨胀Heat expands metal. 热使金属膨胀; He has expanded his business. 他把生意扩大了;联想扩展:expand on 细说;阐述Let me expand on my idea. 我来阐述一下我的观点;4、Dr. Yuan is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other less developed countries to increase their harvest.袁博士正在把他的知识用在像印度、越南这些不发达的国家以便于增加它们水稻的产量;circulate vi. & vt.用法归纳:1循环;流通 Blood circulates in the body. 血液在体内循环;It does good to a country’s economy if money circulates. 钱流动对国家经济有好处;2传播;流传Bad news circulates quickly. 坏消息传播的很快;Some people like to circulate false news. 有些人喜欢传播假消息;联想扩展:circulation n. 循环;传播;发行量5、Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.多亏了他的研究,联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中又多了些方法;thanks to 幸亏;多亏;由于Thanks to the ill ness, I didn’t take that flight. 多亏生病,我没乘坐那次航班;Thanks to the teacher’s help, I’ve made some progress with my English.由于老师帮助,我的英语取得了一些进步;联想扩展:下列词组中的to为介词look forward to 期望 see to 处理;修理 be / get used to 习惯于 pay attention to 注意 get down to 开始认真做 lead to 导致devote…to 贡献 stick to 坚持;遵循 object to 反对prefer doing… to 喜欢…胜过于get around to 找时间做… live up to 不辜负 refer to 指的是;适用于 belong to 属于compare…to…把…比作 turn to 转向;求助于 add to 增加 due to 由于;归功于 be addicted to 沉迷于 adapt to 适应 agree to 同意 be subject to 受…约束 owe to 归功于thanks to 幸亏;由于 lose heart to 喜欢 tend to 倾向于 urge to 促使采取 take to喜欢 be accustomed to 习惯于即时活用:I usually enjoy his film, but the latest one ____.A. didn’t come up to my expectationB. didn’t turn out beyond expectationC. didn’t live up to my hopeD. doesn’t come up to our expectation 答案:C6、Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.用他的杂交水稻种子,农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍;倍数表达法1 倍数百分数+ 形容词比较级 + than + 比较对象增加…倍This room is three times bigger than that one. 这个房子比那个房子大三倍;2 倍数+ as +形容词原形 + as + 比较对象是…的几倍This room is three times as big as that one. 这个房子是那个房子的三倍;3 倍数 + up on +比较对象增加…倍The number of students in our school now is 200% up on that of last year.我们学校现在的学生数量比去年增加了两倍;4 倍数 + over +比较对象增加…倍The number of students in our school now is 200% over that of last year.我们学校现在的学生数量比去年增加了两倍;5 倍数 + the + 名词 + of +比较对象是…的几倍This bridge is three times the length of that one. 这座桥的长度是那座桥的三倍;即时活用:1、Some parts in South China have experienced______ this year as they did last year.A. twice as much rainB. rain twice as muchC. as twice much rainD. twice rain as much2、My glasses cost me ______ the lost pair that I bought.A. times threeB. three times more thanC. three times as much asD. as much three times as3、– Do you regret paying fifty dollars for the dog --- No, I would gladly have paid ____ for him.A. as much twiceB. twice so muchC. much twiceD. twice as much4、Now the city is ______ it used to be.A. three times as large asB. three time larger asC. larger as three times asD. as three times largerthan 答案:ACDA7、Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.多亏了他的研究,联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中又多了些方法;rid v. 免除,清除,使...获自由Let's get rid of this moldy old furniture. 咱们把这件发霉的家具扔了;We will be glad to get rid of him. 我们很高兴摆脱了他;联想扩展:1be rid of 摆脱掉She was glad to be rid of him. 摆脱了他她很高兴; Will I ever be rid of this cold 我的感冒还能好吗2get rid of 摆脱掉;戒掉It took me a month to get rid of my cough. 我的咳嗽一个月后才好; You should get rid of smoking. 你应该戒烟;即时活用:What way are you thinking of ______ rid of the flies A. to get B. getting C. being got D. to be getting 答案:A8、He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. 他宁愿为自己的爱好留点时间;had / would rather 宁愿I’d rather stay here a couple of days. 我想在这儿再呆几天; I had rather you told the truth. 我宁愿的说实话;特别提示:had / would rather 表示“宁愿”时后面跟动词原形;如果后面跟从句,从句谓语要用虚拟语气,即过去式;联想扩展:would / had rather…than 宁愿…而不愿I’d much rather deal with a man than with a woman. 我愿意和男人打交道,不愿和女人打交道;即时活用:1、I ____ play football than basketball. A. would rather B. had better C. like better D. prefer2、He insisted on staying _________ back home. A. rather than going B. rather than go C. than going D. rather than to go3、–Shall I tell them the news ---No, I would rather they _______ know. A. won’t B. don’t C. wouldn’tD. didn’t4、I’d go to hell _____stay with you. A. than B. rather C. rather than D. better than5、In fact, Mary would rather have left for San Francisco ______ in Los Angeles.A. by stayingB. that stayC. than have stayedD. to stay6、_______ you rather sit by the window. A. Don’t B. Will C. Wouldn’t D. Won’t答案:A ADCCC9、Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.袁博士从梦中醒来,希望能种植一种可以养活更多人的水稻;with the hope of…抱着…的希望They went to south Pacific with the hope of finding some new plants.他们去南太平洋希望找到一些新植物;With the hope of recovery, she tried to live happily. 抱着康复的希望,她尽量愉快的生活;联想扩展:in the hope of 希望能We got up early in the morning in the hope of catching the first bus.我们早早起床,希望能赶上第一班车;特别提示:“with the hope of…抱着…的希望”一般表示客观希望;而in the hope of一般表示主观希望;即时活用:____ and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient soughther doctor’s help to end her life. A. Having given up hope of cure B. With no hope for cure C. Therebeing hope for cure D. In the hope of cure答案:B10、These chemicals in the food supply build up in people’s bodies over time.经过很长时间,食物中所提供的化学物质会在人的体内聚集;build up1 建设起来;发展起来He has built up a good business over the years. 几年下来他的生意发展的很不错了;We have achieved great successes in the cause of building up our country.在建设我们国家的过程中我们取得了很多成功;2 加强;增强You must build up your strength again. 你应该加强你的力量;Good food builds up the body. 好食品能使身体健康;3 积累;积聚We first have to build up some experience. 首先我们应该积累一些经验;China has built up enough money to cope with the economic crisis.中国已经聚集了足够的经济以对以经济危机;4 逐步增加The clouds are building up. 乌云在聚积;The noise built up ti ll Mary couldn’t stand it any longer. 声音越来越大知道玛丽再也受不了;即时活用:1、Students should play more on the playground to ______ up their bodies.A. hold B. get C. keep D. build 答案:D2、----I felt very bad these days . ------ Oh, you should ______ your body.A. build upB. look atC. thinkD. take care 答案:A11、They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease. 他们把注意力集中在保持土壤肥沃且免受病害;focus on 用法归纳:1对准;把光线集中在…Focus the light on the object while I am taking a photo of it.我拍照时把光线集中在物体上;The scientist focused the telescope on the moon. 那个科学家把望远镜对准月球;2把…集中在…上You should focus your attention on your study. 你应该把注意力集中在学习上;All eyes were focused on her. 所有眼睛都集中在她身上;12、They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease. 他们把注意力集中在保持土壤肥沃且免受病害;free of 用法归纳:1没有;免受;免交 The old couple are now free of burden. 那对老年人现在没有负担;If your salary is under 1600 Yuan one month, you are free of income tax.如果你每月工资低于1600元,你就可以免交个人所得税;2远离;离开 When I am tired, I can be free of noisy city. 退休后,我就可以远离喧闹的城市;We will be free of school in three months. 三个月后我们就能离开学校了;特别提示: free of还可以作短语动词,表示“使摆脱”;The housewife opened the window to free the room of smoke.主妇打开窗子让房子里的烟跑一跑;13、This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.这还可使空气、土壤、水和作物不受化学物质污染;keep…free f rom / of 使免受…Keep these vegetables free from poison. 使这些蔬菜别受毒物污染;Society should keep children free from bad effects.社会应该使孩子们免受坏的影响;联想扩展:1free… from… 把…从…中解脱出来Teachers should free students from heavy studies. 老师应该把学生从繁重的学习中解脱出来;You should free me from housework. 你应该让我从家务中解脱出来;2be free from…无…的;免予…的This sentence is free from mistake. 这个句子没错误; I am free from disease. 我没病;即时活用:--- What about the protection --- Let’s keep the surface ______ dirty by putting a cover over it .A. far fromB. free fromC. apart fromD. away from 答案:B14、He was lost in thought. 他陷入深思;be lost in用法归纳:1消失在…中 The thief ran away and was lost in the crow. 小偷逃跑了并且消失在人群中;The snowflakes were soon lost in the water. 雪花很快消失在水中;2陷入…;被…所吸引The student was lost in thought. 那个学生陷入深思; The boy was lost in the book. 男孩被书深深的吸引;3迷路 They must be lost in the forest. 他们肯定在森林中迷路了;It is very easy for a stranger to get lost in Shanghai. 陌生人在上海很容易迷路;即时活用:_____ in thought , he almost ran into the car in front of him .A. LosingB. Having lostC. LostD. To lose 答案:C15、He studied ways of keeping seeds and advised farmers to choose seed-heads which had the best color. 他研究保存种子的办法并且建议农民们挑选颜色最好的穗株;advise vt. & vi. 建议;劝告;出主意用法归纳:1跟名词或代词They advised an early start tomorrow. 他们建议明天早点出发;We have to stay here, can I advise it 我们必须呆在这里,我能这样建议吗2advise sb. not to do sth. 建议某人别做某事Can you advise me where to stay when I was in Xi’an 你能建议我在西安时住在哪里吗What would you advise me to do next 你建议我下来做什么3跟动名词He advised staying at home at night. 他建议晚上呆在家里; We advised his studying abroad. 我们建议他去国外学习;4跟从句The teacher advised that he pay more attention to his spelling.老师建议他多注意拼写;They advised that I should give up my idea. 他们建议我放弃我的想法;特别提示:一坚持:insist 二命令:order, command 三建议:advise, suggest, propose 四要求:ask, demand, require, request 后跟宾语从句时,宾语从句的谓语要用should +动词原形,should可以省略;另外,以上词作名词时,其后的表语从句或同位语从句的谓语也要用虚拟语气;规定同上;联想扩展:advise against 劝…不要 advise on 就…出主意advisable adj. 明智的;可取的advisedly adv.有意的;经过考虑的即时活用:1、We are ________ by doctors to eat more natural food and take plenty of physical exercises.A. suggestedB. warned ofC. informedD. advised2、Jack should have taken the doctor’s advice that he ______in bed for a couple of days. A. would lieB. lieC. must lieD. lay3、I advise you at once.A.to do your homework B.do your homeworks C.doing your homework D.did your homeworks4、I advise you water that isn’t boiled any more. A.to drink B.not to drink C.to not drink D.drinking5、I advise the person ______ to ______ put into prison.A. referring; beB. referred; beC. refers; beD. referred; being 答案:DBABB16、The next spring the seeds should be knocked out of their seed-heads and planted.第二年春天把种子从穗株中敲出来;knock + O + OC 用法归纳:1 knock + O +形容词The car knocked him senseless. 车把他撞昏了;His heavy blow knocked me dumbfounded. 他重重的一拳打得我不知所措;2 knock + O + 副词Let me knock the dust off. 我来把灰尘掸掉; Please knock the ball up. 把球打起来;3 knock + O +介词短语He knocked the dish off the table.他把盘子从桌子上撞下来了;I knocked my knee against the chair. 我把膝盖撞到椅子;联想扩展:knock about 旅行 knock back 花费掉;使吃惊 knock off下班;减价 knock out 击败;摧毁knock over 打翻 knock up敲门叫醒;使疲惫不堪易混辨析:strike , hit , beat , knock打,击strike打一下,打若干下;打动,使着迷;hit 打中;对准…打;敲打或打击对方某一点;碰撞;beat连续性的打击;殴打或体罚;在游戏、竞赛、战争中击败对方;心跳;风雨击打; knock撞击;敲;打即时活用:1、Unluckily, his mother was______ by a passing car while crossing the street.A. knocked atB. knocked onC. knocked downD. knocked over2、The old man ______ in the country for many years. A. knocked over B. knocked on C. knocked at D. knockedabout3、She ______ another match and in the light she made her way without making any noise.A. hitB. beatC. knockedD. struck 答案:CDD17、Then he gave advice on turning over the soil. 然后,关于翻地他也给了建议;give advice to sb. on sth. /on how to do sth. = give sb.advice on sth. / on how to do sth. 在某方面/做某事给某人建议Who can give me some advice on the matter 在这个问题上谁能给我一些建议Our English teacher often gives us advice on how to learn English.我们英语老师常常给我们一些怎样学习英语的建议;特别提示:advice为不可数名词;表示“一条建议”用a piece of advice;表示“一些建议”用 some / much advice;即时活用:1、Thank you for giving me ______ advice, but it is difficult______ me to carry it out.A. so good; forB. such a good; ofC. such good; forD. such good; of 答案:C2、– Did you have a good time --- Wonderful. You really gave me some excellent advice _______ the best places to visit.A. inB. onC. aboveD. over 答案:B。
高中英语必修四第二单元
B4 unit2一.重点单词1. hunger(n.& v.)饥饿,欲望;(使)饥饿【拓展】hungry adj.饥饿的;渴望的If crops are destroyed, thousands of people may go hungry.2. sunburnt (adj.) 晒黑的3. expand (vt.& vi.) 伸展,使变大【拓展】(1)expand into把……扩展(发展、膨胀) expand on/upon阐述,详谈(2)expansion n.扩大,扩张,扩展expansive adj.广阔的,易扩张的,易膨胀的【辨析】expand, extend, spread, stretch4. freedom (n.) 自主,自由5. export (vt.& vi.) 输出,出口6. chemical (adj.) 化学的【常用搭配】the chemical industry化学工业chemical weapon化学武器【拓展】chemist n.药剂师;化学家chemistry n. 化学chemistry teacher化学老师7. confuse (vt.) 使迷惑,使为难(1)confuse A and (with)B把A和B混淆了be/get confused with…对…感到困惑confused adj.迷乱的,感到迷惑的confusing adj.难以理解的,不清楚的,莫名其妙的(2)confuse指“使……混乱,糊涂”,强调使人混淆而迷乱。
puzzle是“使……迷惑”,多指某一复杂的事件或困难的问题“使……迷惑”。
8. mineral (n.) 矿物,矿石9. reduce (vt.) 减少,减缩【拓展】(常用于被动语态)(1)reduce sth.to...减少到… reduce sth.by...减少了……(2)reduction n.缩小;减少make a reduction减价10. level (n.) 水平,程度11. whatever (adv.) 无论什么12. summary (n.) 摘要,总结,概要13. exchange (v.) 交换14. certain (adj.) 确定的15. output (n.) 产量,输出16. circulate (vt.& vi.) 循环,流传【常用搭配】circulate about在…附近流传circulate among在…中流传【拓展】circulation n. 流通;循环;发行量in circulation 在流通;在运行out of circulation(书、货币等)不再发行put…into circulation使…流通(发行)17. struggle (vt.& vi.) 斗争;拼搏,努力【常用搭配】struggle for sth. 为争取…而斗争/奋struggle against为反对….而斗争struggle to do sth.努力做某事struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来18. grain (n.) 谷物,粮食,颗粒19.suitable(adj.) 合适的20.equip (vt.& vi.) 装备,配备(1)be equipped with...=equip...with...用……装备……equip sth.on...在……上装备某物to be specially equipped装备独特equip sb.for...使某人具有… be well/poorly equipped装备精良地/差地(2)equipment n.[U]设备,器材a useful piece of equipment for...一件有用的……设备\21. super adj. 特级的;超级的;极好的【拓展】super star 超级明星super model超级模特super power超级大国22. regret vt.遗憾;惋惜n.遗憾;懊悔【常用搭配】(1)regret doing sth.后悔做了某事regret to do sth.(常和tell,say,inform等词连用)对将要做某事表示遗憾regret that... 遗憾……(2)with great/deep regret很遗憾(much)to one’s regret让某人感到(很)遗憾的是It is to be regretted that... 使人遗憾的是……【拓展】remember to do sth.记得去做某事remember doing sth记得做过某事mean to do sth. 打算做某事mean doing sth.意味着做某事try to do sth. 尽力做某事try doing sth. 试着做某事23.production n. 生产;产量;制造【常用搭配】production costs/process 生产成本/过程go into (full) production 开始(大量)生产/投产【辨析】production, product, produceproduction作不可数名词时指生产过程,通常是在人的帮助下或在工厂中进行;作可数名词时指供剧院、电视台或广播台等上演或播放的戏剧、电影等。
高中英语人教版必修四第二单元知识点总结课件(共21张)
点拨 (1)lead to中的to为介词,后接名词、代词或动名词 (2)lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事 lead/live a...life过……样的生活 lead the way 引路;带路
if possible 如果有可能的话 if necessary 如果有必要的话
2.would rather(not) do sth.宁愿(不)做…… 教材原句 ①He would much rather keep (keep) time for his hobbies. ◆单句填空 ②I would rather you had finished (finish) your homework yesterday. ③She would rather you came (come) tomorrow. ④We would rather follow (follow) our teacher's advice.
Key Phrases
1.build up 逐渐增强;增强……的体力;建立;创办;开发;增加;积累 教材原句 ①These chemicals in the food supply build up in people's bodies over time.随着时间的推移,食物中的这些化学成分会在人体中堆积。
◆单句填空 ②Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment (equip) with you, since it's all but impossible to find natural substitutes. (2017课标 全国Ⅰ) ③All riders are equipped (equip) with reflective vests and safety lights. (2018课标全国Ⅰ)
高一英语必修4 unit2 知识点
⑤Every nation,big or small,should be equal.
每个国家无论大小,都应一律平等。
⑥Ripe,these grapes are sweet.
=When these grapes are ripe,they are
sweet. 这些葡萄熟了的时候是很甜的。
(2)远途旅行后他们三人回到了家里, 又累又饿。 After the long journey,the three of them went back home, hungry and tired ________________.
4. In 1973, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. the first ... to do sth. 意为“第一个 做……”。本句中动词不定式(to grow rice) 作定语, 修饰 the first agricultural pioneer。the first, the last, the second, the only等短语后面多用动 词不定式作后置定语。
(4)如果这样的话,你必须回去把它拿 来。
If so ________________,you must go back
and get it. (5)如有必要,我就买一台电视机。 if necessary I’ll buy a TV set________________.
2. More than 800 million people go to bed hungry every
reach the required standard — in other words, you failed. •To be frank with you, I have no money on me. •Judging from what he said to me today, his mind’s made up. •It is so nice to hear from her. Believe it or not, we last met more than thirty years ago. What he did, to my surprise, has nothing [仿写] _____________________________________ _________________________ (令我惊讶的是, 他 to do with what he said. 说的话和所做的事没有任何关系。)
高一英语新课标必修4unit2知识点共53页文档
谢谢!
36、自己的鞋子,自己知道紧在哪里。——西班牙
37、我们唯一不会改正的缺点是软弱。——拉罗什福科
xiexie! 38、我这个人走得很慢,但是我从不后退。——亚伯拉罕·林肯
39、勿问成功的秘诀为何,且尽全力做你应该做的事吧。——美华纳
高一英语新课标必修4unit2知识点
16、人民应该为法律而战斗,就像为 了城墙 而战斗 一样。 ——赫 拉克利 特 17、人类对于不公正的行为加以指责 ,并非 因为他 们愿意 做出这 种行为 ,而是 惟恐自 己会成 为这种 行为的 牺牲者 。—— 柏拉图 18、制定法律法令,就是为了不让强 者做什 么事都 横行霸 道。— —奥维 德 19、法律是社会的习惯和思想的结晶 。—— 托·伍·威尔逊 20、人们嘴上挂着的法律,其真实含 义是财 富。— —爱献 生
Байду номын сангаас
40、学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆。——孔子
高一英语新课标必修4unit2知识点解析
Key words: • statistic (pl.) statistics 数据;统计;统计数字; n. • sunburnt 晒黑的 adj. • struggle 斗争;拼搏;努力 vt. & vi. • decade ['dekeid] 十年;十年期 n. • super 特级的;超级的 adj. • △hybrid ['haibrid] 混合的;杂种的 adj. 混血儿 • output 产量;输出n. • △strain [strein] (植物的)品种;种类n. 庄稼;农作物;产量n. • crop 饥饿;欲望n. (使)饥饿vt. & • hunger 引起烦恼的;令人不安的adj. • disturbing 使变大;伸展vt. & vi. • expand [ ik'spæ nd] 循环;流传vt. & vi. • circulate ['sə:kjuleit]
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
nationality • n. 国籍 occupation [,ɔkju'peiʃən]• n.工作;职业;占领 △personality • n. 性格;个性;人格 confuse [kən'fju:z] • vt.使迷惑;使为难 regret • vt. n. 遗憾;惋惜.遗憾; chemical ['kemikəl] • adj 化学的;关于化学的. △organic [ɔ:'ɡænik] • adj.有机的; 器官的;组织的 △fertile ['fə:tail] • adj. 肥沃的;富饶的肥料; △fertilizer ['fə:tilaizə] • n. 化肥 production [bæk'tiəriəm] • n.生产;制造 bacteria (bacterium的复数形式) n .细菌 [bæk'tiəriə] pest • n.害虫;害兽;害鸟 build up • 逐渐增强;建立;开发 lead to • 导致;造成(后果) nutrition [nju:'triʃən] • n. 营养;滋养;食物
Unit2 知识点总结 人教高中英语必修四
Unit 2 Working the land知识点总结要点梳理1. If so句式if so如果这样if not如果不是这样if necessary.如果必要的话if any如果有的话或即使有的话if ever如果曾经有过或即使有过的话if possible如果可能的话2.struggle (vi.)& (n.)struggle with/against与……斗争struggle for努力争取……;为……而斗争struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来struggle to do sth.努力做某事3.hunger(n.)饥饿;欲望;渴望&(v.)(使)饥饿;渴望hungry adjbe hungry for…渴望得到……go hungry吃不饱;挨饿hunger to do sth.渴望做某事disturbing adj 令人不安的disturb v disturbed adj4. expand (vt.&vi.)使变大;伸展e xpand… into…把……扩展/发展成……5. rid… of …使……摆脱/除去……cure sb. of sth.医好某人的病be/get rid of…摆脱rid oneself of…从……解脱rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人某物warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事4.be satisfied with对……满意=be pleased/content with to one’s satisfaction使某人满意的是With satisfaction满意地satisfying(adj.)令人满意的satisfaction(n.)满意;满足satisfactory(adj.)令人满意的freedom n 自由free adj 自由的v 释放freely adv6. would rather宁愿;宁可would rather(not) do sth.宁愿(不)做某事would do sth. rather than do sth.=would rather do sth. than do宁愿做某事(而)不愿做某事would rather+从句(句子需用虚拟语气)7. Therefore(adv.)因此;所以;因而用在句首,其后要有逗号Therefore, we must learn English well.用在两个分句之间,即一个句子的一部分表示原因因而另一部分表示结果时,一般其前要用分号;若第二个分句前是逗号或无符号,则要注意前加andE.g. I had a headache; therefore I could not go to your party.I was ill, and therefore could not go therefore.8.equip (vt.&vi.)配备;装备e quip…with…用……装备……be equipped with装备;配备equipment(n.) U设备;装备 a piece of equipment一件设备office equipment办公室设备export v 出口import v 进口nationality n国籍nation n 国家,民族national adj 国家的,民族的Occupation n 职业occupy v 占据9. die from死于……die of/from死于……die away逐渐消失die down逐渐转弱die off相继死去die out灭绝,消失die for为……牺牲10.in need of in( great)need of (非常)需要(后常跟名词)in need 需要in memory of为了纪念……,in praise of为了表扬……in case of如果,即使in favor of赞成in honor of为纪念/庆祝……in face of面对11. confuse(vt.)使迷惑;使为难confused adj confusing adjconfuse A with/and B把A与B混淆be confused about sth.对……感到困惑be/get confused by sth.被……搞糊涂12.regret(vt.)遗憾;惋惜&(n.)遗憾;懊悔regretful(adj.)遗憾的;后悔的regret doing sth.后悔做了某事regret to say/inform that…遗憾地说/告知……regret that从句遗憾……with great/deep regret很遗憾to one’s regret=to the regret of sb.让某人感到遗憾的是13. build up逐渐增加;建立;开发build up a fame建立名声build up one’s health/body增进健康build up one’s strength(增强体力)14.lead to导致;造成(后果);通向lead sb.to a place引导某人去某个地方lead a …life过……的生活Lead sb to do= lead to sb’s doing 导致某人做。
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第二单元*重点单词及短语1) hunger 名词,表示“饥饿,欲望”。
have a hunger for sth渴望做某事。
satisfied one’ s hunger 解饿。
作动词,表示“ (使)饥饿”。
hunger for/after 表示“渴望得到”。
2) thanks to 表示“由于”。
区别 thanks to , due to 和 owing to :thanks to 相当于 on account of ; because of ,多用于褒义。
owing to 表示“因为” ,只能作状语。
due to 也表示“因为” ,可作状语,可放在be 后面,也可直接用在名词后面。
3freedom of ; freedom to do , 表示“ ,, 的自由”。
freedom from , 不受 ,, 的影响。
the freedom of sth 随意使用某物的权利。
4) would rather表示“宁愿,宁可”后接动词原形。
would rather do , than do, 表示“宁愿做,, 而不愿做,, ”。
would rather 后接省略 that 的宾语从句,从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。
用过去式表示现在或将来,用过去完成式表示过去。
5) suitable 形容词“合适的,适当的”。
be suitable for/to sb/sth适合于,,。
6) term 名词,表示“术语,期限,学期”。
带有 term 的短语: holiday terms 冠冕堂皇的言语,奉承的言语serve one’ s term 服刑 in good set terms 用坚决严肃的语言in the long( short)term 从长远(短期)来说in terms of 用 ,, 的字眼,从,, 观点出发;换算,折合7) refer to 向某人 /某事物查询信息。
提到,说到,涉及到。
与某人有关。
适用于。
8) reduce 表示“减少,缩减,缩小,降低,简化”。
reduce, to 减少到 ,, ;使陷入 ,, 的境遇;使成为 ,, 的情况;使变形,使变化;分解,化简。
归纳成为。
reduce, by 减少了 ,, 。
9) supply 作动词,表示“补给,供给,提供”。
supply sb with sth=supply sth to/for sb。
作名词,表示“供给,供应”词,常用复数形式。
in short supply,是不可数名词。
表示“供应品,补给品”缺少,供应不足。
,是可数名have a large/good supply of ,= have large supplies of ,备有许多,, 。
10)whatever 作连接代词,表示“无论什么,凡是 ,, ”,引导让步状语从句。
相当于no matterwhat, 也可以引导名词性从句。
做疑问代词,意思是“ (究竟是)什么”。
or whatever 诸如此类。
作副词,常用于 no+ 名词, nothing , none 等之后,以加强语气。
11) summary 表示“总结,归纳,摘要”。
in summary总的来说。
作形容词,表示“简短的,迅速的,概括的”。
12) rid rid sb of sth 除掉某人的13) regret 作动词,表示“后悔,懊恼,惋惜”,, 。
get rid of 意思是“除掉,除去,摆脱”。
作名词,表示“懊恼,遗憾,悔恨” 。
regret sth/that, 后悔某事。
regret doing sth 后悔干了某事。
regret to do sth 遗憾要干某事。
It is to be regretted that, 遗憾的是 ,, 。
to one’s regret 抱歉,令某人遗憾的是。
*重要语法知识点3.语法动名词作主语宾语与动词不定式动名词定义动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词。
它可以支配宾语,也能被副词修饰。
动名词有时态和语态的变化。
解释:动词的ing 形式如果是名词,这个词称动名词。
特征:动词原形+ing 构成,具有名词,动词一些特征一、动名词的作用动名词具有名词的性质,因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。
1、作主语动名词作主语,有时先用 it 作形式主语,把动名词置于句末。
这种用法在习惯句型中常用。
动名词作主语的几种类型动名词可以在句子中充当名词所能充当的多种句子成分。
在这里仅就动名词在句子中作主语的情况进行讨论。
动名词作主语有如下几种常见情况:1.直接位于句首做主语。
2.用 it 作形式主语,把动名词 (真实主语 )置于句尾作后置主语。
动名词做主语时,不太常用it 作先行主语,多见于某些形容词及名词之后。
常见的能用于这种结构的形容词还有:better,wonderful ,enjoyable,interesting ,foolish ,difficult , useless, senseless, worthwhile ,等。
注意: important ,essential, necessary 等形容词不能用于上述结构。
3.用于“ There be”结构中。
4.用于布告形式的省略结构中。
5.动名词的复合结构作主语当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时,常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格,构成动名词的复合结构 (——这时,名词或代词的所有格做动名词的逻辑主语 )。
动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。
6.例词 shopping fishing cycling这些都是很常见的动名词二、动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。
在意义上相近。
但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作,不定式多用来表示特指或具体动作。
注意:1)在口语中,用动名词作主语位于句首的较不定式多见。
2)在“ It is no use , ”,“ It is no good , ”,“ It is fun , ”,“ It is a waste of time , ”等句型中,通常用动名词作真实主语。
3)在疑问句中,通常用动名词的复合结构,而不用不定式的复合结构作主语。
4)在“ There be”句型中,只能用动名词,而不能用不定式作主语。
5)当句子中的主语和表语都是非限定动词时,要遵循前后一致的原则,主语和表语在形式上要求统一。
2、作宾语(1)作动词的宾语某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语,不能用不定式。
常见的此类动词有: advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off, delay, practise, resist, suggest, depend on, think about, set about, succeed in, worry about, burst out, insist on, can ’ t stand, be used to, get used to, devo , to, , look forward to, pay attention to, get down to 等。
( 2)作介词的宾语。
( 3)作形容词的宾语。
3、作表语动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what 引导的名词性从句。
表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系,表示主语的内容,主语、表语可互换位置。
4、作定语动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。
二、动名词的逻辑主语带有逻辑主语的动名词称为动名词的复合结构。
当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时,要在动名词之前加上物主代词或名词所有格,这便构成了动名词的复合结构。
其中物主代词(名词所有格)是逻辑上的主语,动名词是逻辑上的谓语。
动名词复合结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等,分别相当于一个主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句。
如在口语中,如果动名词复合结构作宾语,其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格,名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替,但在句首作主语时不能这样来代替。
在下列情况下动名词的逻辑主语必须用名词的普通格或人称代词宾语:a.无命名词b. 有生命名词但表示泛指意义c. 两个以上的有生命名词并列三、动名词的时态和语态1、动名词一般式表示的动作通常是一般性动作,即不是明确地发生在过去、现在或将来的动作,或是与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的动作。
2、动名词的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。
3、动名词的逻辑主语同时也是动名词动作的承受者,动名词用被动语态。
(1)它的一般式表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生,或在其前发生。
(2)它的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。
(3)在某些动词,我们常用动名词的一般式表示完成式,尽管动作发生在谓语动词动作之前,这似乎是一种强大的习惯。
(4)在多数情况下都避免使用动名词被动语态完成式,而用一般式代替,以免句子显得累赘,尤其是在口语中。
being ( 5)动名词被动语态一般式与现在分词被动语态一般式同形,但无进行意义,不可省略。
四、常见题型:1)动名词做主语时,谓语动词为单数。
2)在动名词和不定式中,作为介词的宾语是动名词。
3)动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词,通过代词的宾格或所有格形式给出逻辑主语。
4)有些词后只能接动名词admit; appreciate; avoid; celebrate; consider; contemplate; defer; delay; deny; detest; discontinue; dislike; dispute; enjoy; it entails; escape; excuse; explain; fancy; feel like; finish; forgive; can’t help; hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means; mention; mind; miss; it necessitates; pardon; postpone; practice; prevent; recall; report; resent; resist; risk; suggest; understand, 5)另外还有一些接-ing 形式的常用说法it’ s no good; it ’ s no/little/hardly any/ use; it ’ s not/hardly/scarcely use; it ’ s worthwhile; spend money/time; there ’s no; there ’ s no point in; there ’ s nothing worse than; what ’ s the use/point,6)有些词后面加不定式和动名词均可remember, forget, try, stop, go on, cease, mean 后面均可用不定式和-ing形式,但意义截然不容。