毕业设计论文夹具设计解析

xxx毕业论文

摘要

本文研究的是汽车左前纵梁及轮罩的焊接夹具设计问题，要求使工件定位迅速，装夹迅速，省力，减轻焊件装配定位和夹紧时的繁重体力劳动。实现机械化，使焊接条件较差的空间位置焊缝变为焊接条件较好的平焊位置，劳动条件的改善，同时也有利于提高焊缝的质量。

本文首先分析了汽车左前纵梁及轮罩焊装夹具设计的必要性和可行性；然后围绕左前纵梁及轮罩焊装夹具设计这一核心，通过对汽车焊装生产线、汽车焊装夹具的结构特点进行分析，归纳了焊装夹具的设计步骤和要点；重点对汽车左前纵梁及轮罩焊接夹具的设计，包括定位器的设计，夹具体设计，夹紧装置的设计。其中，定位器的设计是保证焊件在夹具中获得正确装配位置的零件和部件，应利用先装好的零件作为后装配零件某一基面上的定位支撑点，可以减少定位器的数量，提高装配精度；夹具体的设计是通过控制焊件角变形的夹紧力计算和控制焊件弯曲变形的夹紧力计算来确定的，通过公式计算得出拘束角变形所需的单位长度（焊缝）夹紧力,再根据焊件形状、尺寸来完成夹具体的设计。

夹紧装置的设计是本文设计的重中之重，这次设计的主要核心是通过气缸来改善传统手动夹紧的的繁重体力消耗以提高生产效率。根据要求，设计气缸主要是对工件的夹紧，合理的气缸选择，合理的气动原理思路，极大地提高了生产效率和产品质量。

关键词：工装; 夹具；汽动；焊接

Abstract

This study is the car left front rail and wheel cover welding fixture design, requirement for a workpiece positioning rapidly and clamping quickly, effort, reduce welding assembly positioning and the clamping heavy manual labor. Realization of mechanization, make for better conditions for the downhand welding position welding, improve working conditions and to improve the welding quality of poor condition of the space position of welding seam welding.

This paper first analyzes the car left front longitudinal beam and the wheel cover the necessity and feasibility of welding fixture design, and then around the left front rail and wheel cover welding fixture design of the core, according to structural characteristics of car body welding production line, automobile welding fixture analysis, summed up the welding fixture design steps and main points; key to car left front longitudinal beam and the wheel cover welding fixture design, including locator design, clip specific design and clamping device design. Among them, design of locator is guarantee welding fixture in China obtain accurate position of the assembly of parts and components, should use first loaded parts as assembly parts a base surface positioning supporting point, can reduce the locator number to enhance the assembly precision; to clamp the specific design is by the angle to control the welding deformation of the clamping force calculation and control of welding a bending deformation of the clamping force calculation to determine the, through the formula calculation show that angle restraint deformation required per unit length (weld) clamping force, then according to the welding shape, size to complete specific design clamp.

Clamping device design is the most important in this paper, the main core of this design is through the cylinder to improve the traditional manual clamping of the heavy manual to improve production efficiency. According to the requirements, the design of the cylinder is mainly for the clamping of the workpiece, a reasonable choice of the cylinder, a reasonable aerodynamic principle of thinking, greatly improving the production efficiency and product quality.

Key words: Tooling；fixtures；pneumatic；welding