参考文献PPT

APA style
APA style is a format for academic documents such as journal articles and books. It is codified in the style guide of the American Psychological Association (APA), titled the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. The APA states that the guidelines were developed to assist reading comprehension in the social and behavioral sciences, for clarity of communication, and for "word choice that best reduces bias in language".APA style is widely used, either entirely or with modifications, by hundreds of other scientific journals(including medical and other public health journals), in many textbooks, and in academia (for papers written in classes). Along with AMA style and CSE style, it is one of the major style regimes for such work. Many publications have small local style guides that cascade over AMA, APA, or CSE style in a way analogous to how inline styles in HTML cascade over CSS styles (for example, "follow APA style unless otherwise specified herein" or "for issues not addressed herein, follow APA style").

APA格式论文格式规范补充
some problems before correction
1.按作者名首字顺序排序
2.出版机构所在地:出版机构名称.
3.期刊报刊类文献格式（中文黑体，英文斜体）
最后改稿
文献引用是在一篇文章的段落或文字之中“参考来源”的标注。 APA格式使用哈佛大学文章引用格式，通常来说，一个引用包含了 作者名和发表日期，以括号夹注（有时会再加上页数），放在引用 文字或句子之后。详细的引用或参考资料则放在位于文章最后的 “参考文献”或“Works Cited”部分。APA格式明确的定义“参考 文献”只放入文章内容引用的来源，所以有些文章才会有“参考文 献（Reference）”和“Bibliography”的分别。（Bibliography另外 包含了作者背景知识的来源，不一定是直接被引用的文献。）
Reference
Group 1 撒梅 201101060006
Reference
参考文献是在学术研究过程中，对某一著作或论文的整体的参考或借鉴。征引过 的文献在注释中已注明，不再出现于文后参考文献中。

Reference is a relation between objects in which one object designates, or acts as a means by which to connect to or link to, another object. The first object in this relation is said to refer to the second object. The second object – the one to which the first object refers – is called the referent of the first object. The term reference is used in many spheres of human knowledge, adopting shades of meaning particular to the contexts in which it is used. References can take on many forms, including: a thought, a sensory perception that is audible (onomatopoeia), visual (text), olfactory, or tactile, emotional state, relationship with other,[1] spacetime coordinate, symbolic or alpha-numeric, a physical object or an energy projection; but, other concrete and abstract contexts exist as methods of defining references within the scope of the various fields that require an origin, point of departure, or an original form. This includes methods that intentionally hide the reference from some observers, as in cryptography.

APA格式是一个为广泛接受的研究论文撰写格式，特别针对社会科 学领域的研究，规范学术文献的引用和参考文献的撰写方法，以及 表格、图表、注脚和附录的编排方式。正式来说，APA格式指的就 是美国心理学会（American Psychological Association）出版的 《美国心理协会刊物准则》，目前已出版至第六版 （ISBN9781433805615），总页数272页，而此协会是目前在美国 具有权威性的心理学学者组织。APA格式起源于1929年，当时只有 7页，被刊登在《心理学期刊（Psychological Bulletin）》。