Amplification_(I_)
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The thesis summed up the new achievements made in electronic computers , artificial satellites and rockets.
论文总结了电子计算机，人造卫星和火箭三方 面的新成就。
6. Amplification For Purposes of Rhetoric or Coherence （从修辞连贯考虑增词）
Lecture six
Amplification (I )
Main contents of this lecture
I. Definition
II. Amplification in English – Chinese Translation
III. Exercises
Definition
我们不后退，我们从来没有后退过， 我们将来也决不后退。
Exercises
1.Histories make men wise; poetry witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend.
7.The mountains began to throw their
long blue shadows over the valley. 群山开始向山谷投下一道道蔚蓝色长影。
Amplification, also called addition, means supplying necessary words in translation on the basis of accurate comprehension of the original.
As a matter of principle , a translator is not supposed to add any meaning to or subtract any meaning from the original work. However, this does not mean that a translator should refrain from supplying necessary words to make his or her version both accurate in meaning and in keeping with idiomatic use of the language to be translated into. In fact it is precisely for the purpose of “faithful representation” of the thought of the author that we often resort to “amplification”.
4. Amplification by Supplying Words to Make an Abstract Concept Clear （把抽象的概念表达清楚）
We should by no means neglect the evaporation of water.
我们决不能忽视水的蒸发作用。
7. Amplification for Logic （逻辑性增词）
According to scientists , it takes nature 500 years to create an inch of topsoil.
根据科学家们的看法，自然界要用500 年的 时间才能形成一英寸厚的表层土壤。
Avoid using this computer in extreme cold, heat, dust, or humidity.
不要在过冷，过热，灰尘过重，湿度过 大的情况下使用电脑。
Ignorance is the mother of fears as well as of admiration.
The KODAK Fiche reader 321A is easy to operate, versatile, compact and has a pleasing modern design.
柯达321A型微胶片阅读器操作简便，功 能齐全，结构紧凑，造型时尚美观。
8. Amplification by Repetition（重复性增词）
1. Amplification by Supplying Words Omitted in the Original (增添原文所省略的词语）
---- Matter can be changed into energy, and energy into matter.
物质可以转化为能，能也可以 转化为物质。
朵朵鲜花开满庭院。
5. Amplification by Supplying
Words of Generalization （概括性增词）
The Americans and Japanese conducted a completely secret exchange of message.
美日双方在完全保密的情况下互相交换了信件。
理论固然重要，实践尤其重要。
3. Amplification by Supplying Words to Convey the Concept of Plurality
（表达原文的复数概念）
---- Fruits are grown in our province.
我省种植各种水果。
---- Flowers bloom all over the yards.
---- The best conductor has the least resistance and the poorest the greatest.
最好的导体电阻最小，最差的导体 电阻最大。
---- In the evening , after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis
More and more people have realized the necessity of learning computer.
越来越多的人认识到学习计算机的必要性。
- There had been too much violence in that region.
那个地区发生了许多暴力事件。
无知是恐惧的根源，也是崇拜的根源。
4． We won’t retreat , we never have and never will.
5.Oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it.
6. Their host carved , poured, served, cut bread, talked, laughed, proposed health.
2. Amplification by Supplying Necessary Connectives
（增添必要的连接词语）
---- Heated , water will change into vapor.
水如受热，就会汽化。
---- Theory is something, but practice is everything.
3. Courage in excess becomes foolhardiness, affection weakness, thrift avarice.
勇敢过度，即成蛮勇，感情过度，即 成脆弱，俭约过度，即成贪婪。
4.We won’t retreat , we never have and never will.
读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密， 科学使人深刻，伦理使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学 使人善辩。
2．Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man, and writing an exact man.
读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。
5.Oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it. 海洋与其说是分割了世界，不如说是连接 了世界。
6.Their host carved , poured, served, cut bread, talked, laughed, proposed health. 热情的主人又是切肉，又是倒茶，又是上 菜，又是切面包，谈啊，笑啊，敬酒啊，忙 个不停。
This is because English and Chinese are two entirely different languages and each has its own historical and cultural background. Therefore, many ideas, idiomatic expressions and shortened words etc. that are well understood in the country of their origin can hardly make any sense to people abroad. In this case it is unimaginable for a translator to stick to the original pattern without alteration and consequently amplification is adapted in dealing with such occasions.
This typewriter is indeed cheap and fine. 这部打字机真是价廉物美。 A scientist constantly tried to defeat
his hypotheses, his theories, and his conclusions. 科学家经常设法否定自己的假设，推翻自 己的理论并放弃自己的结论。
exhibition, he would work on the
drafting of the final communiqué.
晚上在参加宴会、出席音乐会、
观看乒乓球表演以后，他还得起草最后
公报。Βιβλιοθήκη I. Amplification in English – Chinese Translation
Generally speaking, in English- Chinese translation, amplification can be employed in the following 8 situations :
2．Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man, and writing an exact man.
3．Courage in excess becomes foolhardiness, affection weakness, thrift avarice.
7.The mountains began to throw their
long blue shadows over the valley.
Exercises
1.Histories make men wise; poetry witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend.
论文总结了电子计算机，人造卫星和火箭三方 面的新成就。
6. Amplification For Purposes of Rhetoric or Coherence （从修辞连贯考虑增词）
Lecture six
Amplification (I )
Main contents of this lecture
I. Definition
II. Amplification in English – Chinese Translation
III. Exercises
Definition
我们不后退，我们从来没有后退过， 我们将来也决不后退。
Exercises
1.Histories make men wise; poetry witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend.
7.The mountains began to throw their
long blue shadows over the valley. 群山开始向山谷投下一道道蔚蓝色长影。
Amplification, also called addition, means supplying necessary words in translation on the basis of accurate comprehension of the original.
As a matter of principle , a translator is not supposed to add any meaning to or subtract any meaning from the original work. However, this does not mean that a translator should refrain from supplying necessary words to make his or her version both accurate in meaning and in keeping with idiomatic use of the language to be translated into. In fact it is precisely for the purpose of “faithful representation” of the thought of the author that we often resort to “amplification”.
4. Amplification by Supplying Words to Make an Abstract Concept Clear （把抽象的概念表达清楚）
We should by no means neglect the evaporation of water.
我们决不能忽视水的蒸发作用。
7. Amplification for Logic （逻辑性增词）
According to scientists , it takes nature 500 years to create an inch of topsoil.
根据科学家们的看法，自然界要用500 年的 时间才能形成一英寸厚的表层土壤。
Avoid using this computer in extreme cold, heat, dust, or humidity.
不要在过冷，过热，灰尘过重，湿度过 大的情况下使用电脑。
Ignorance is the mother of fears as well as of admiration.
The KODAK Fiche reader 321A is easy to operate, versatile, compact and has a pleasing modern design.
柯达321A型微胶片阅读器操作简便，功 能齐全，结构紧凑，造型时尚美观。
8. Amplification by Repetition（重复性增词）
1. Amplification by Supplying Words Omitted in the Original (增添原文所省略的词语）
---- Matter can be changed into energy, and energy into matter.
物质可以转化为能，能也可以 转化为物质。
朵朵鲜花开满庭院。
5. Amplification by Supplying
Words of Generalization （概括性增词）
The Americans and Japanese conducted a completely secret exchange of message.
美日双方在完全保密的情况下互相交换了信件。
理论固然重要，实践尤其重要。
3. Amplification by Supplying Words to Convey the Concept of Plurality
（表达原文的复数概念）
---- Fruits are grown in our province.
我省种植各种水果。
---- Flowers bloom all over the yards.
---- The best conductor has the least resistance and the poorest the greatest.
最好的导体电阻最小，最差的导体 电阻最大。
---- In the evening , after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis
More and more people have realized the necessity of learning computer.
越来越多的人认识到学习计算机的必要性。
- There had been too much violence in that region.
那个地区发生了许多暴力事件。
无知是恐惧的根源，也是崇拜的根源。
4． We won’t retreat , we never have and never will.
5.Oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it.
6. Their host carved , poured, served, cut bread, talked, laughed, proposed health.
2. Amplification by Supplying Necessary Connectives
（增添必要的连接词语）
---- Heated , water will change into vapor.
水如受热，就会汽化。
---- Theory is something, but practice is everything.
3. Courage in excess becomes foolhardiness, affection weakness, thrift avarice.
勇敢过度，即成蛮勇，感情过度，即 成脆弱，俭约过度，即成贪婪。
4.We won’t retreat , we never have and never will.
读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密， 科学使人深刻，伦理使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学 使人善辩。
2．Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man, and writing an exact man.
读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。
5.Oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it. 海洋与其说是分割了世界，不如说是连接 了世界。
6.Their host carved , poured, served, cut bread, talked, laughed, proposed health. 热情的主人又是切肉，又是倒茶，又是上 菜，又是切面包，谈啊，笑啊，敬酒啊，忙 个不停。
This is because English and Chinese are two entirely different languages and each has its own historical and cultural background. Therefore, many ideas, idiomatic expressions and shortened words etc. that are well understood in the country of their origin can hardly make any sense to people abroad. In this case it is unimaginable for a translator to stick to the original pattern without alteration and consequently amplification is adapted in dealing with such occasions.
This typewriter is indeed cheap and fine. 这部打字机真是价廉物美。 A scientist constantly tried to defeat
his hypotheses, his theories, and his conclusions. 科学家经常设法否定自己的假设，推翻自 己的理论并放弃自己的结论。
exhibition, he would work on the
drafting of the final communiqué.
晚上在参加宴会、出席音乐会、
观看乒乓球表演以后，他还得起草最后
公报。Βιβλιοθήκη I. Amplification in English – Chinese Translation
Generally speaking, in English- Chinese translation, amplification can be employed in the following 8 situations :
2．Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man, and writing an exact man.
3．Courage in excess becomes foolhardiness, affection weakness, thrift avarice.
7.The mountains began to throw their
long blue shadows over the valley.
Exercises
1.Histories make men wise; poetry witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend.