中考英语专项练习-----数词
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基数词的构成及用法构成
一、基数词的构成
1.1-12的表述1-12各有各的形式,即one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve。
2.13-19的表述13-19的数字皆以-teen[ti:n]结尾,其中,fourteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen和nineteen分别由four,six,seven,eight,nine加后缀-teen变成的,eighteen中只保留一个t。thirteen,fifteen分别由three和five转花而来。
3.20-90数字的表达20-90的数字皆以-ty结尾,其中,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety分别由six,seven,eight和nine加后缀—ty构成,eighty中只保留一个t。其他同上。
4.20-99之间的数字的表达20-99之间的数词须在十位和个位之间加连字符“-”,如twenty-five。
5.百位以上的数字的表达以及读在表达百位以上的数字时,必须在百位,十位和个位之间加and,在读音时也应读上and,如:104可表达为one hundred and four,486读作four hundred and eighty-six。
6.“万”的表达.英语中没有万和亿单词,只有百(hundred),千(thousand),百万(million),十亿(billion)。英语中表示“万”时,用10千。如:forty thousand四万。表示“亿”时需用百万来表示。如:two hundred million两亿。
7.7.1,000以上的数字,从后向前数。每三位数加“,”。第一个“,”前为thousand,第二个“,”前为million,第三个“,”前为billion.3,333,333,333读为three
billion,three hundred and thirty-three
million, three hundred and thirty-three
thousand,three
hundred and thirty 8.hundred,thousand,million 前有若有具体数字时,要用单数形式,但如果他们后面有of ,则要用复数形式。同时,前面不能再加具体的数目。
二、基数词的用法
(1) 基数词在句中主要用作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语,例如: Thirty of them are Party members.(主语) --- How many would you like? --- Three ,please.(作宾语)
The nine boys are from Tianjin.(定语) Six plus four is ten.(表语)
We four will go with you.(同位语)
(2) 表示一个具体数字时,hundred, thousand, million不用复数;表示一个不确定数字时则用复数。例如:
Our country has a population of 1,300 million people. There are three thousand students in our s chool.
After the war, thousands of people became homeless.
Maize is the most important food crop for millions of people in the world. They arrived in twos an
d threes.
(3) 表示“……十”的数词的复数形式可用来表示人的岁数或年代,例如:
He is in his early thirties. He died still in his forties. This took place in 1930s. (4) 表示时刻用基数词。例如:We get up at six. The workers begin work at eight. 表示“几点过几分
,用past,但须在半小时以内。例如:ten past ten, a quarter past nine, 表示“几点差几分用to, 但分数须在半小时以上。例如:twenty to nine a quarter to ten 表示―几点几分用基数词。例如:seven fifteen, eleven thirty, nine twenty
序数词的构成及用法
一、序数词的构成
1 第一,第二,第三分别为first,second,third.
2 第四到第十九都有相应的基数词加the构成,有几个特殊,即fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth.
3 第几十把y改为 i加eth.. twentieth,ninetieth
4 序数词之前要加定冠词或代词。但序数词表名词时,可不用冠词。Who won first? 序数词表“再一”,“又一”时不用定冠词,只需在前面加a He failed once .Then he tried a second time. 5序数词的缩写形式是在数字后面直接加上序数词最后两个字母构成。1st,2nd,3rd,4th,21st,22nd,34th……
6 100以上的序数词的表示方法第100为100th (读作 one hundredth),101st 读作one hundred and first,其他的依次类推
二. 序数词的用法
(1)序数词主要用作定语,前面要加定冠词the,例如:
The first truck is carrying a foot baskets. John lives on the fifteenth floor.
(2)序数词有时前面可加不定冠词a来表示再,又这样的意思,例如:
We'll have to do it a second time. Shall I ask him a third time? When I sat down,a fourth man rose to speak.
(3)注意不规则形式:
one---first, two---second, three---third, five---fifth, eight---eighth, nine---ninth, twelve---twelfth。(4)表示年,月,日时,年用基数词表示,日用序数词表示。例如:
1949年十月一日读作: October (the) first, nineteen sixty
2004年九月十日读作:September (the) tenth, two thousand and four
(5)表示分数时,分子用基数词表示,分母用序数词表示。分子大于1时,分母加-s。例如: three fourths, one second, two fifths
(6)序数词缩写形式:
first→1st second→2nd third→3rd fourth→4th twenty-second→22nd
分数的表示法
1 分数的表示法:分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大与一时,分母用复数形式。 2|3 two thirds 3|5 three fifths
2 整数与分数之间用and 连接。 One /an hour and a half
3 分数的用法结构为“分数+of+the+名词”表示“。。。。的几分之几”,当其作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于短语中名词的复数
1. About ________ students in our class can describe that place in English.
2.A. three-fifths B. three-fifth C. third-five D. third-fifths 2. Nine _______ pounds a week?
That’s very good.
A. hundred of
B. hundreds of
C. hundreds
D. hundred
3. We often have sports after class, and I like to play _______ basketball.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. 不填
【中考演练】一. .单项填空
1. This morning I had ________ egg and a bottle of milk for my breakfast.
A. an
B. a
C. the
D./
2. ---What’s the matter with you?
---I caught ________ bad cold and had to stay in ________.