能量收集信息物理融合系统抢占阈值调度
计算机研究与发展DOI ：１０．７５４４/issn １０００‐１２３９．２０１５．２０１５０７４５Journal of Computer Research and Development ５２（１２）：２６９５２７０６，２０１５ 收稿日期：２０１５－０８－１１；修回日期：２０１５－１０－１０
基金项目：国家“八六三”高技术研究发展计划基金项目（２０１１A A ０１０１０５）能量收集信息物理融合系统抢占阈值调度
葛永琪
１ 董云卫１ 顾 斌１，２１
（西北工业大学计算机学院 西安 ７１０１２９）２（北京控制工程研究所 北京 １００１９０）
（g eyongqi ＠mail ．nwpu ．edu ．cn ）
Preemption Threshold Scheduling for Energy Harvesting Based Cyber ‐Physical Systems
Ge Yongqi １，Dong Yunwei １，and Gu Bin １，２１
（School o f Com p uter Science ，Northwestern Pol y technical Universit y ，X i ’an ７１０１２９）２（Bei j ing Institute o f Control En g ineering ，Bei j ing １００１９０）
Abstract In energy harvesting based cyber ‐p hysical systems （EHCPS ），energy management architecture is different from traditional battery powered embedded systems ．T he task scheduling of EHCPS should take account of the output power of energy harvesting unit ，the energy level of battery and the energy consumption of computing tasks ．A real ‐time task may meet time constraint only if its energy constraint is satisfied ．Against this background ，the schedulability analysis of conventional p reemption threshold scheduling doesn ’t consider the tasks energy consumption ，thus the preemption threshold assignment algorithm is not suitable for EHCPS ．An energy related preemption threshold scheduling （ERPT ）for EHCPS is proposed in this paper ．It integrates tasks energy consumption and energy supply ability into schedulability analysis ，and the preemption threshold assignment algorithms are also presented ．ERPT presents a solution for applying preemption threshold scheduling in EHCPS ．T he proposed scheduling strategy is validated compared with other two existing classical algorithms ．T he experimental results show that the proposed scheduling can reduce the tasks p reemption effectively ．Key words cyber ‐p hysical systems （CPS ）；energy harvesting ；p reemption threshold ；schedulability ；worst ‐case response time （WCRT ）
摘 要 在能量收集信息物理融合系统（energy harvesting based cyber ‐p hysical systems ，EHCPS ）中，其能量管理体系结构不同于传统电池供电嵌入式系统，任务调度策略需要考虑能量收集单元的能量输出、电池的能量存储和计算任务的能量消耗．实时任务在满足能量约束的情况下，才能满足时间约束．传统抢占阈值调度的可调度性分析没有考虑任务的能量属性，其阈值分配算法也不适用于EHCPS ．针对此问题，提出了一种能量相关抢占阈值调度策略（energy related preemption threshold scheduling ，ERPT ），在可调度性分析中融入任务能耗属性和能量补充能力，并给出了阈值分配算法，为抢占阈值调度在EHCPS 中的应用提供了一种解决方法．通过与目前现有的２个经典调度策略进行比较，验证了ERPT 策略能够有效减少任务抢占．
关键词 信息物理融合系统；能量收集；抢占阈值；可调度性；最坏情况响应时间
中图法分类号 T P ３１６．２