test1
计算机英语Test1答案
Test 1(1)Translate these words into Chinese. (60’)1. RAM/ROM/cache memory随机存取存储器/只读存储器/高速缓(冲)存(储器)2. LAN/WAN/URL局域网/广域网/统一资源定位器3. Web page/web site/explorer网页/网站/浏览器4. setup/output/type安装,设置/输出/键入,类型5. device/component/battery设备/组件/电池6. execute/implement/complete执行/执行/完成7. uppercase/lowercase/width insensitive大写/小写/不区分全半角8. Fax number/Telephone Area Code/Postal Code传真号/电话区号/邮政编码9. decode/encode/define解码/编码/定义10. profile/batch/virtual配置文件/批处理/虚拟的11. display screen/touch screen/browse显示屏/触屏/浏览12. hyperlink/multimedia/digital超链接/多媒体/数码的13. printer/scanner/portable computer打印机/扫描仪/便携式电脑14. communication/instruction/short message通信/指令/短信15. field/format/index字段/格式化/索引16. ensure/insurance/unsure确保/保险/不确定17. compress/decompress/compact压缩/解压缩/压缩18. share/subfolder/root directory共享/子文件夹/根目录19. initial value/account/domain name初始值/帐户/域名20. cancel/deny/adjust取消/拒绝/调整21. enable/disable/restart启用/禁用/重启22. load/upload/download加载/上传/下载23. paste/cut/save粘贴/剪切/保存24. disconnect/rollback/enter断开/回退/输入,进入25. permit/grant/license允许/授权/许可(证)26. programmer/specialist/client程序员/专家/客户27. detail/consult/online guide细节/参阅/联机指南28. send/receive/transmit发送/接收/发射29. ignore/import/export忽略/导入/导出30. optic fiber/cable/semiconductor光纤/电缆/半导体31. quit/exit/exist停止/退出/存在32. select/choose/double click选择/选择/双击33. track/router/path追踪,磁道/路由器/路径34. dynamic/static/log动态/静态/日志35. mismatch/proxy/retrieve不匹配/代理/检索36. database/document/report数据库/文档/报告37. insert/create/specify插入/创建/指定38. accessories/privilege/common附件/特权/公用,常见39. company/corporation/enterprise公司/公司/企业,事业单位40. console/control/encounter控制台/控制/遇到(2)Translate these sentences into Chinese. (30’)1. Bad command or file name.错误命令或文件名.2. Unable to register document.无法注册文档.3. Enter the password for the account.输入帐户密码.4. Attempting to recover allocation unit.设法修复分配单元.5. - contained an unexpected object. -包含意外对象.6. Disk full or write protected.磁盘已满或写保护.7. Label a blank high density floppy disk with the name of the user of this computer.在一张高密度空白软盘上标明该计算机用户的名称.8. I accept the agreement.我接受协议.9. Close all programs that are running.关闭正在运行的程序.10. Check with the manufacturer before continuing.继续操作以前,请与厂商核对.11. A modem has not been detected on your server. Please verify its installation in Modem Control Panel before continuing.在服务器上未检测到调制解调器.继续以前,请在「控制面板」的「调制解调器」中验证其安装.12. A second network adapter has not been detected on your server. Please verify its installation using a static IP address in Network Control Panel before continuing. 在服务器上未检测到第二个网络适配器.继续以前,请用「网络控制面板」中的静态IP地址验证其安装.13. Please free up some disk space or modify your installation directories.请清空某些磁盘空间和/或修改安装目录.14. Click the mouse or press any key in the keyboard to exit this module.点击鼠标或按键盘上的任意键推出这个模块.15. A locking violation occurred while accessing-.访问- 时出现锁定冲突.16. - could not be removed because it is the current directory. -是当前目录,无法删除.17. Can't load Remote Access Service. Please reconfigure Dial-Up Networking.无法加载远程访问服务(RAS),请重新配置拨号网络.18. - does not support multiple network adapters for Windows -. Press Finish to exit this wizard and contact your system administrator.不支持Windows NT的多个网络适配器.请按「完成」退出该向导,并与系统管理员联系.19. - is not a valid entry. Please specify a value between- and- for this field. -条目无效,请为该字段指定-和-之间的值.20. Click Migrate SQL Database to convert date - from the Small Business Server limited version of SQL Server 6.5 to the limited version of SQL Server 7.0.单击「迁移SQL数据库」可将小型商业服务器SBS的SQL Server 6.5限定版数据转换到SQL Server 7.0限定版.(3)Translate this article into Chinese. (10’)Operating environment, installation and running操作环境、安装与运行1. Basic requirements on system:Hardware environment: CPU PII300 or above, EMS memory of 64M or above, and hard disk of 1G or above;Operating system: Windows 95 /98 /ME /2000 /XP /2003 Chinese version.系统基本需求运行硬件环境:CPU PII300以上,内存64M以上,硬盘1G以上.运行操作系统:Windows95/98/ME/2000/XP/2003中文版.2. Installation of softwarePut the CD into a CD driver, the system will prompt automatically the installation messages, and then you can follow them step by step to finish the installation of the software.软件安装将安装光盘放入光盘驱动器中,系统会自动提示安装信息,根据安装提示一步一步安装即可完成该软件的安装.3. Running of softwareAfter finishing the installation, the shortcut to this run application will be created automatically on the desktop and in “Start” menu. Only click the shortcut, running of this software begins.软件运行软件安装后,会在桌面和开始菜单上自动生成指向该运行程序的快捷方式,点击该快捷方式即可运行该软件了.。
Test1答案
Test1(A)答案21．B 22．A 23．C 24．D 25．C 26．B 27．B 28．C 29．D 30．D 31．C 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．B 36．B 37．A 38．D 39．C 40．B 41．A 42．D 43．C 44．A 45．C 46．B 47．A 48．D 49．B 50．C Test1(B)答案51. B 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. C 56.A 57. D 58. C59. D 60.B 61. C 62. A63. D 64.B 65.C 66. C 67. B 68.B 69.D 70. C71. the door shut考查要点：独立主格结构。
本题属基础题，考生丢分不多。
正确率：73.58% 考生常见错误：①the door was shut动词形式用错。
这里不能用完整的句子来表达②the door shutting; the door being shut非谓语动词的使用错误。
“门”与“关”是动宾关系，应该用过去分词而不是现在分词表示被动含义，也不可用现在分词的被动语态。
③shutting the door没有掌握with独立主格结构④其他错误，比如名词door前掉了冠词the，或动词shut后加了不必要的副词down、off、up等。
在表达时要注意汉语信息，不要画蛇添足。
72. (of) what he‟s talking about考查要点：考查宾语从句、现在进行时和动词短语。
正确率：49.05%。
本题属中等难度题，考生丢分较多。
考生常见错误：①动词时态错误，使用一般过去时、现在完成时的较多②连词使用错误。
这里用what引导宾语从句，连词在从句中做动词短语talk about 的宾语，使用其他连词都是错误的。
73. that he has failed (for) several times考查要点：同位语从句和现在完成时。
剑桥雅思9真题及解析Test1口语
剑桥雅思9真题+解析-Test1口语Part1What games are popular in your country? [Why?]你们国家流行什么游戏?(为什么?)名师点题剑9口语，而近期的雅“游戏”话题是近期考试的热点话题。
它在已有的题库中多出现在Part I，而近期的雅，比如要求考生描述儿童时期玩过的一款游戏（A game you思口语考试多将其放在Part 2，比如要求考生描述儿童时期玩过的一款游戏（）等。
对于这个话题，回答思路既可“天女散花”，即列举在played a lot in childhood一个国家内受不同群体欢迎的游戏，亦可“孤注一掷”，即将答案具体化，将回答的重点落实到具体的某项游戏上，再给以适当的细节描述。
高分示例1It varies. For our young generation, there is only one name for games that we are crazy about, which is the computer games, either single-user version or concurrentversion. For the eider generation, like my grandpa, they have a lot of folk games to play, such as shuttlecock, diabolo and jumping rope. As for the reason why such kind of situation appears, personally I think it has much to do with the changes of times and technology.高分示例2I would say the most popular game is Plants Vs. Zombies. When it comes to the reasonof popularity, I would like to summarize the following two points: firstly, this game is easy to learn; secondly, through conquering the zombies in the game, peoplecan obtain a sense of satisfaction, which is urgently needed to push people forward.高分示例3Based on my own experience and observation from the peers around, I have to admitthat computer games are enjoying an increasing popularity. Various kinds of computergames crop into people's attention, adventure games, role-playing games and racinggames so on and so forth. Why people are fascinated with those games? I think theyjust want to find a way to relieve the pressure brought by study or work.亮点表达be crazy about对……痴迷concurrent version网络版adventure games冒险类游戏racing games竞技类游戏single-user version单机版Plant Vs. Zombies植物大战僵尸role-playing games角色扮演类游戏Do you play any games?[Why/Why not?]你玩儿游戏吗？（为什么？）名师点题剑9口语对于此类问题，开门见山是最好不过的选择。
剑桥雅思阅读5原文翻译及答案（test1）
剑桥雅思阅读5原文翻译及答案(test1)雅思阅读是块难啃的硬骨头，需要我们做更多的题目才能得心应手。
下面小编给大家分享一下剑桥雅思阅读5test1原文翻译及答案解析，希望可以帮助到大家。
剑桥雅思阅读5原文(test1)剑桥雅思系列真题是剑桥大学考试委员会外语考试部出版各类考试真题的唯一官方出版社出版的权威教材，书中包含最新的雅思全真试题资料，是各类雅思考生备考过程中必不可少的参考书。
非常适合学生自学的习题解答和听力录音文本。
READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Johnson’s DictionaryFor the centur y before Johnson’s Dictionary was published in 1775, there had been concern about the state of the English language. There was no standard way of speaking or writing and no agreement as to the best way of bringing some order to the chaos of English spelling. Dr Johnson provided the solution.There had, of course, been dictionaries in the past, the first of these being a little book of some 120 pages, compiled by a certain Robert Cawdray, published in 1604 under the title A Table Alphabeticall ‘of hard usuall English wordes’. Like the various dictionaries that came after it during the seventeenth century, Cawdray’s tended to concentrate on ‘scholarly’ words; one function of the dictionary was to enable its student to convey an impression of fine learning.Beyond the practical need to make order out of chaos, the rise of dictionaries is associated with the rise of the English middle class, who were anxious to define and circumscribe thevarious worlds to conquer —lexical as well as social and commercial. it is highly appropriate that Dr Samuel Johnson, the very model of an eighteenth-century literary man, as famous in his own time as in ours, should have published his Dictionary at the very beginning of the heyday of the middle class.Johnson was a poet and critic who raised common sense to the heights of genius. His approach to the problems that had worried writers throughout the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries was intensely practical. Up until his time, the task of producing a dictionary on such a large scale had seemed impossible without the establishment of an academy to make decisions about right and wrong usage. Johnson decided he did not need an academy to settle arguments about language; he would write a dictionary himself and he would do it single-handed. Johnson signed the contract for the Dictionary with the bookseller Robert Dosley at a breakfast held at the Golden Anchor Inn near Holbom Bar on 18 June 1764.He was to be paid ￡1.575 in instalments, and from this he took money to rent Gou gh Square, in which he set up his ‘dictionary workshop’.James Boswell, his biographer, described the garret where Johnson worked as ‘fitted up like a counting house’ with a long desk running down the middle at which the copying clerks would work standing up. Johnson himself was stationed on a rickety chair at an ‘old crazy deal table’ surrounded by a chaos of borrowed books. He was also helped by six assistants, two of whom died whilst the Dictionary was still in preparation.The work was immense; filling about eighty large notebooks (and without a library to hand), Johnson wrote the definitions of over 40,000 words, and illustrated their many meanings with some 114,000 quotations drawn from English writing on everysubject, from the Elizabethans to his own time. He did not expect to achieve complete originality. Working to a deadline, he had to draw on the best of all previous dictionaries, and to make his work one of heroic synthesis. In fact, it was very much more. Unlike his predecessors, Johnson treated English very practically, as a living language, with many different shades of meaning. He adopted his definitions on the principle of English common law —according to precedent. After its publication, his Dictionary was not seriously rivalled for over a century.After many vicissitudes the Dictionary was finally published on 15 April 1775. It was instantly recognised as a landmark throughout Europe. ‘This very noble work,’ wrote the leading Italian lexicographer, ‘will be a perpetual monument of Fame to the Author, an Honour to his own Country in particular, and a general Benefit to the republic of Letters throughout Europe" The fact that Johnson had taken on the Academies of Europe and matched them (everyone knew that forty French academics had taken forty years to produce the first French national dictionary) was cause for much English celebration.Johnson had worked for nine years, ‘with little assistance of the learned, and without any patronage of the great; not in the soft obscurities of retirement, or under the shelter of academic bowers, but amidst inconvenience and distraction, in sickness and in sorrow’. For all its faults and eccentricities his two-volume work is a masterpiece and a landmark, in his own words, ‘setting the orthography, displaying the analogy, regulating the structures, and ascertaining the significations of English words’. It is the cornerstone of Standard English an achievement which, in James Boswell’s words ‘conferred stability on the language of his country.’The Dictionary, together with his other writing, made Johnson famous and so well esteemed that his friends were able to prevail upon King George Ⅲ to offer him a pension. From then on, he was to become the Johnson of folklore.Questions 1-3Choose THREE letters A-H.Write your answers in boxes 1-3 on your answer sheet.NB Your answers may be given in any order.Which THREE of the following statements are true of Johnson’s Dictionary?A It avoided all scholarly words.B It was the only English dictionary in general use for 200 years.C It was famous because of the large number of people involved.D It focused mainly on language from contemporary texts.E There was a time limit for its completion.F It ignored work done by previous dictionary writers.G It took into account subtleties of meaning.H Its definitions were famous for their originality.Questions 4-7Complete the summary.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 4-7 on your answer sheet.In 1764 Dr Johnson accepted the contract to produce a dictionary. Having rented a garret, he took on a number of 4…………, who stood at a long central desk. Johnson did not have a 5………… available to him, but eventually produced definitions of in excess of 40,000 words written down in 80 large notebooks.On publications, the Dictionary was immediately hailed in many European countries as a landmark. According to his biographer, James Boswell, Johnson’s principal achievement was to bring 6……… to the English language. As a reward for his ha rd work, he was granted a 7………by the king.Questions 8-13Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this8 The growing importance of the middle classes led to an increased demand for dictionaries.9 Johnson has become more well known since his death.10 Johnson had been planning to write a dictionary for several years.11 Johnson set up an academy to help with the writing of his Dictionary.12 Johnson only received payment for his Dictionary on its completion.13 Not all of the assistants survived to see the publication of the Dictionary.READING PASSAGE 2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.Nature or Nurture?A A few years ago, in one of the most fascinating and disturbing experiments in behavioural psychology, Stanley Milgram of Yale University tested 40 subjects from all walks of lifefor their willingness to obey instructions given by a ‘leader’ in a situation in which the subjects might feel a personal distaste for the actions they were called upon to perform. Specifically M ilgram told each volunteer ‘teacher-subject’ that the experiment was in the noble cause of education, and was designed to test whether or not punishing pupils for their mistakes would have a positive effect on the pupils’ ability to learn.B Milgram’s expe rimental set-up involved placing the teacher-subject before a panel of thirty switches with labels ranging from ‘15 volts of electricity (slight shock)’ to ‘450 volts (danger —severe shock)’ in steps of 15 volts each. The teacher-subject was told that whenever the pupil gave the wrong answer to a question, a shock was to be administered, beginning at the lowest level and increasing in severity with each successive wrong answer. The supposed ‘pupil’ was in reality an actor hired by Milgram to simulate receiving the shocks by emitting a spectrum of groans, screams and writings together with an assortment of statements and expletives denouncing both the experiment and the experimenter. Milgram told the teacher-subject to ignore the reactions of the pupil, and to administer whatever level of shock was called for, as per the rule governing the experimental situation of the moment.C As the experiment unfolded, the pupil would deliberately give the wrong answers to questions posed by the teacher, thereby bringing on various electrical punishments, even up to the danger level of 300 volts and beyond. Many of the teacher-subjects balked at administering the higher levels of punishment, and turned to Milgram with questioning looks and/or complaints about continuing the experiment. In these situations, Milgramcalmly explained that the teacher-subject was to ignore the pupil’s cries for mercy and carry on with the experiment. If the subject was still reluctant to proceed, Milgram said that it was important for the sake of the experiment that the procedure be followed through to the end. His final argument was ‘you have no other choice. You must go on’. What Milgram was trying to discover was the number of teacher-subjects who would be willing to administer the highest levels of shock, even in the face of strong personal and moral revulsion against the rules and conditions of the experiment.D Prior to carrying out the experiment, Milgram explained his idea to a group of 39 psychiatrists and asked them to predict the average percentage of people in an ordinary population who would be willing to administer the highest shock level of 450 volts. The overwhelming consensus was that virtually all the teacher-subjects would refuse to obey the experimenter. The psychiatrists felt that ‘most subjects would not go beyond 150 volts’ and they further anticipated that only four per cent would go up to 300 volts. Furthermore, they thought that only a lunatic fringe of about one in 1,000 would give the highest shock of 450 volts.E What were the actual results? Well, over 60 per cent of the teacher-subjects continued to obey Milgram up to the 450-volt limit in repetitions of the experiment in other countries, the percentage of obedient teacher-subjects was even higher, reaching 85 per cent in one country. How can we possibly account for this vast discrepancy between what calm, rational, knowledgeable people predict in the comfort of their study and what pressured, flustered, but cooperative ‘teachers’ actually do in the laboratory of real life?F One’s first inclination might be to argue that there must be some sort of built-in animal aggression instinct that was activated by the experiment, and that Milgram’s teache-subjects were just following a genetic need to discharge this pent-up primal urge onto the pupil by administering the electrical shock. A modern hard-core sociobiologist might even go so far as to claim that this aggressive instinct evolved as an advantageous trait, having been of survival value to our ancestors in their struggle against the hardships of life on the plains and in the caves, ultimately finding its way into our genetic make-up as a remnant of our ancient animal ways.G An alternative to this notion of genetic programming is to see the teacher-subjects’ actions as a result of the social environment under which the experiment was carried out. As Milgram himself pointed out, ‘Most subjects in the experiment see their behaviour in a larger context that is benevolent and useful to society —the pursuit of scientific truth. The psychological laboratory has a strong claim to legitimacy and evokes trust and confidence in those who perform there. An action such as shocking a victim, which in isolation appears evil, acquires a completely different meaning when placed in this se tting.’H Thus, in this explanation the subject merges his unique personality and personal and moral code with that of larger institutional structures, surrendering individual properties like loyalty, self-sacrifice and discipline to the service of malevolent systems of authority.I Here we have two radically different explanations for why so many teacher-subjects were willing to forgo their sense of personal responsibility for the sake of an institutional authorityfigure. The problem for biologists, psychologists and anthropologists is to sort out which of these two polar explanations is more plausible. This, in essence, is the problem of modern sociobiology — to discover the degree to which hard-wired genetic programming dictates, or at least strongly biases, the interaction of animals and humans with their environment, that is, their behaviour. Put another way, sociobiology is concerned with elucidating the biological basis of all behaviour.Questions 14-19Reading Passage 2 has nine paragraphs, A-I.Which paragraph contains the following information?Write the correct letter A-I in boxes 14-19 on your answer sheet.14 a biological explanation of the teacher-subjects’ behaviour15 the explanation Milgram gave the teacher-subjects for the experiment16 the identity of the pupils17 the expected statistical outcome18 the general aim of sociobiological study19 the way Milgram persuaded the teacher-subjects to continueQuestions 20-22Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write your answers in boxes 20-22 on your answer sheet.20 The teacher-subjects were told that were testing whetherA a 450-volt shock was dangerous.B punishment helps learning.C the pupils were honest.D they were suited to teaching.21 The teacher-subjects were instructed toA stop when a pupil asked them to.B denounce pupils who made mistakes.C reduce the shock level after a correct answer.D give punishment according to a rule.22 Before the experiment took place the psychiatristsA believed that a shock of 150 volts was too dangerous.B failed to agree on how the teacher-subjects would respond to instructions.C underestimated the teacher-subjects’ willingness to comply with experimental procedure.D thought that many of the teacher-subjects would administer a shock of 450 volts.Questions 23-26Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?In boxes 23-26 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this23 Several of the subjects were psychology students at Yale University.24 Some people may believe that the teacher-subjects’ behaviour could be explained as a positive survival mechanism.25 In a sociological explanation, personal values are more powerful than authority.26 Milgram’s experiment solves an important question in sociobiology.READING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40,which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.The Truth about the EnvironmentFor many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. They have developed a hit-list of our main fears: that natural resources are running out; that the population is ever growing, leaving less and less to eat; that species are becoming extinct in vast numbers, and that the planet’s air and water are becoming ever more polluted.But a quick look at the facts shows a different picture. First, energy and other natural resources have become more abundant, not less so, since the book ‘The Limits to Growth’ was published in 1972 by a group of scientists. Second, more food is now produced per head of the world’s population than at any time in history. Fewer people are starving. Third, although species are indeed becoming extinct, only about 0.7% of them are expected to disappear in the next 50 years, not 25-50%, as has so often been predicted. And finally, most forms of environmental pollution either appear to have been exaggerated, or are transient —associated with the early phases of industrialisation and therefore best cured not by restricting economic growth, but by accelerating it. One form of pollution — the release of greenhouse gases that causes global warming — does appear to be a phenomenon that is going to extend well into our future, but its total impact is unlikely to pose a devastating problem. A bigger problem may well turn out to be an inappropriate response to it.Yet opinion polls suggest that many people nurture the belief that environmental standards are declining and four factors seem to cause this disjunction between perception and reality.One is the lopsidedness built into scientific research. Scientific funding goes mainly to areas with many problems. That may be wise policy, but it will also create an impression that many more potential problems exist than is the case.Secondly, environmental groups need to be noticed by the mass media. They also need to keep the money rolling in. Understandably, perhaps, they sometimes overstate their arguments. In 1997, for example, the World Wide Fund for Nature issued a press release entitled: ‘Two thirds of the world’s forests lost forever.’ The truth turns out to be nearer 20%.Though these groups are run overwhelmingly by selfless folk, they nevertheless share many of the characteristics of other lobby groups. That would matter less if people applied the same degree of scepticism to environmental lobbying as they do to lobby groups in other fields. A trade organisation arguing for, say, weaker pollution controls is instantly seen as self-interested. Yet a green organisation opposing such a weakening is seen as altruistic, even if an impartial view of the controls in question might suggest they are doing more harm than good.A third source of confusion is the attitude of the media. People are clearly more curious about bad news than good. Newspapers and broadcasters are there to provide what the public wants. That, however, can lead to significant distortions of perception. An example was America’s encounter with El Nino in 1997 and 1998. This climatic phenomenon was accused of wrecking tourism, causing allergies, melting the ski-slopes and causing 22 deaths. However, according to an article in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, the damage it did was estimated at US$4 billion but the benefits amounted to some US$19 billion. These came from higher winter temperatures(which saved an estimated 850 lives, reduced heating costs and diminished spring floods caused by meltwaters).The fourth factor is poor individual perception. People worry that the endless rise in the amount of stuff everyone throws away will cause the world to run out of places to dispose of waste. Yet, even if America’s trash output continues to rise as it has done in the past, and even if the American population doubles by 2100, all the rubbish America produces through the entire 21st century will still take up only one-12,000th of the area of the entire United States.So what of global warming? As we know, carbon dioxide emissions are causing the planet to warm. The best estimates are that the temperatures will rise by 2-3℃ in this century, causing considerable problems, at a total cost of US$5,000 billion.Despite the intuition that something drastic needs to be done about such a costly problem, economic analyses clearly show it will be far more expensive to cut carbon dioxide emissions radically than to pay the costs of adaptation to the increased temperatures. A model by one of the main authors of the United Nations Climate Change Panel shows how an expected temperature increase of 2.1 degrees in 2100 would only be diminished to an increase of 1.9 degrees. Or to put it another way, the temperature increase that the planet would have experienced in 2094 would be postponed to 2100.So this does not prevent global warming, but merely buys the world six years. Yet the cost of reducing carbon dioxide emissions, for the United States alone, will be higher than the cost of solving the world’s single, most pressing health problem: providing universal access to clean drinking water and sanitation. Such measures would avoid 2 million deaths every year, andprevent half a billion people from becoming seriously ill.It is crucial that we look at the facts if we want to make the best possible decisions for the future. It may be costly to be overly optimistic — but more costly still to be too pessimistic.Questions 27-32Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3?In boxes 27-32 on your answer sheet, writeYES if the statement ag rees with the writer’s claimsNO if the statement contradicts the writer’s clamsNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this27 Environmentalists take a pessimistic view of the world fora number of reasons28 Data on the Earth’s natural resources has only been collected since 1972.29 The number of starving people in the world has increased in recent years.30 Extinct species are being replaced by new species.31 Some pollution problems have been correctly linked to industrialisation.32 It would be best to attempt to slow down economic growth.Questions 33-37Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write your answers in boxes 33-37 on your answer sheet.33 What aspect of scientific research does the writer express concern about in paragraph 4?A the need to produce resultsB the lack of financial supportC the selection of areas to researchD the desire to solve every research problem34 The writer quotes from the Worldwide Fund for Nature to illustrate howA influential the mass media can be.B effective environmental groups can be.C the mass media can help groups raise funds.D environmental groups can exaggerate their claims.34 What is the writer’s main point about lobby groups in paragraph 6?A Some are more active than others.B Some are better organised than others.C Some receive more criticism than others.D Some support more important issues than others.35 The writer suggests that newspapers print items that are intended toA educate readers.B meet their readers’ expec tations.C encourage feedback from readers.D mislead readers.36 What does the writer say about America’s waste problem?A It will increase in line with population growth.B It is not as important as we have been led to believe.C It has been reduced through public awareness of the issues.D It is only significant in certain areas of the country.Questions 38-40Complete the summary with the list of words A-I below.Write the correct letter A-I in boxes 38-40 on your answer sheet.GLOBAL WARMINGThe writer admits that global warming is a 38…………….challenge, but says that it will not have a catastrophic impact on our future, if we deal with it in the 39…………… way. If we try to reduce the levels of greenhouse gases, he believes that it would only have a minimal impact on rising temperatures. He feels it would be better to spend money on the more 40………… health problem of providing the world’s population with clean drinking water.A unrealisticB agreedC expensiveD rightE long-termF usualG surprisingH personalI urgent剑桥雅思阅读5原文参考译文(test1)TEST 1 PASSAGE 1参考译文：Johnson’s Dictionary约翰逊博士的字典For the century before Johnson’s Dictionary was published in 1775, there had been concern about the state of the English language. There was no standard way of speaking or writing and no agreement as to the best way of bringing some order to the chaos of English spelling. Dr Johnson provided the solution.约翰逊博士的《字典》于1775年出版，在此之前的一个世纪，人们一直对英语的发展状况担忧。
剑桥雅思阅读9(test1)原文答案解析
剑桥雅思阅读9(test1)原文答案解析雅思阅读部分的真题资料，同学们需要进行一些细致的总结，比如说解析其实就是很重要的内容，接下来就是店铺给同学们带来的关于剑桥雅思阅读9原文解析(test1)的内容，一起来详细的分析一下吧，希望对你们的备考有所帮助。
剑桥雅思阅读9原文(test1)READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.William Henry PerkinThe man who invented synthetic dyesWilliam Henry Perkin was born on March 12, 1838, in London, England. As a boy, Perkin’s curiosity prompted early intere sts in the arts, sciences, photography, and engineering. But it was a chance stumbling upon a run-down, yet functional, laboratory in his late grandfather’s home that solidified the young man’s enthusiasm for chemistry.As a student at the City of London School, Perkin became immersed in the study of chemistry. His talent and devotion to the subject were perceived by his teacher, Thomas Hall, who encouraged him to attend a series of lectures given by the eminent scientist Michael Faraday at the Royal Institution. Those speeches fired the young chemist’s enthusiasm further, and he later went on to attend the Royal College of Chemistry, which he succeeded in entering in 1853, at the age of 15.At the time of Perkin’s enrolment, the Royal College of Chemistry was headed by the noted German chemist August Wilhelm Hofmann. Perkin’s scientific gifts soon caught Hofmann’s attention and, within two years, he becameHofmann’s youngest assistant. Not long after that, Perkin made the scientific breakthrough that would bring him both fame and fortune.At the time, quinine was the only viable medical treatment for malaria. The drug is derived from the bark of the cinchona tree, native to South America, and by 1856 demand for the drug was surpassing the available supply. Thus, when Hofmann made some passing comments about the desirability of a synthetic substitute for quinine, it was unsurprising that his star pupil was moved to take up the challenge.During his vacation in 1856, Perkin spent his time in the laboratory on th e top floor of his family’s house. He was attempting to manufacture quinine from aniline, an inexpensive and readily available coal tar waste product. Despite his best efforts, however, he did not end up with quinine. Instead, he produced a mysterious dark sludge. Luckily, Perkin’s scientific training and nature prompted him to investigate the substance further. Incorporating potassium dichromate and alcohol into the aniline at various stages of the experimental process, he finally produced a deep purple solution. And, proving the truth of the famous scientist Louis Pasteur’s words ‘chance favours only the prepared mind’, Perkin saw the potential of his unexpected find.Historically, textile dyes were made from such natural sources as plants and animal excretions. Some of these, such as the glandular mucus of snails, were difficult to obtain and outrageously expensive. Indeed, the purple colour extracted from a snail was once so costly in society at the time only the rich could afford it. Further, natural dyes tended to be muddy in hue and fade quickly. It was against this backdrop that Perkin’sdiscovery was made.Perkin quickly grasped that his purple solution could be used to colour fabric, thus making it the world’s first synthetic dye. Realising the importance of this breakthrough, he lost no time in patenting it. But perhaps the most fascinating of all Perkin’s reactions to his find was his nearly instant recognition that the new dye had commercial possibilities.Perkin originally named his dye Tyrian Purple, but it later became commonly known as mauve (from the French for the plant used to make the colour violet). He asked advice of Scottish dye works owner Robert Pullar, who assured him that manufacturing the dye would be well worth it if the colour remained fast (i.e. would not fade) and the cost was relatively low. So, over the fierce objections of his mentor Hofmann, he left college to give birth to the modern chemical industry.With the help of his father and brother, Perkin set up a factory not far from London. Utilising the cheap and plentiful coal tar that was an almost unlimited byproduct of London’s gas street lighting, the dye works began producing the world’s first synthetically dyed material in 1857. The company received a commercial boost from the Empress Eugenie of France, when she decided the new colour flattered her. Very soon, mauve was the necessary shade for all the fashionable ladies in that country. Not to be outdone, England’s Queen Victoria also appeared in public wearing a mauve gown, thus making it all the rage in England as well. The dye was bold and fast, and the public clamoured for more. Perkin went back to the drawing board.Although Perkin’s fame was achieved and fortune assured by his first discovery, the chemist continued his research. Among other dyes he developed and introduced were aniline red (1859)and aniline black (1863) and, in the late 1860s, Perkin’s green. It is important to note that Perkin’s synthetic dye discoveries had outcomes far beyond the merely decorative. The dyes also became vital to medical research in many ways. For instance, they were used to stain previously invisible microbes and bacteria, allowing researchers to identify such bacilli as tuberculosis, cholera, and anthrax. Artificial dyes continue to play a crucial role today. And, in what would have been particularly pleasing to Perkin, their current use is in the search for a vaccine against malaria.Questions 1-7Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this1 Michael Faraday was the first person to recognise Perkin’s ability as a student of chemistry.2 Michael Faraday suggested Perkin should enrol in the Royal College of Chemistry.3 Perkin employed August Wilhelm Hofmann as his assistant.4 Perkin was still young when he made the discovery that made him rich and famous.5 The trees from which quinine is derived grow only in South America.6 Perkin hoped to manufacture a drug from a coal tar waste product.7 Perkin was inspired by the discoveries of the famous scientist Louis Pasteur.Questions 8-13Answer the questions below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet.8 Before Perkin’s discovery, with what group in society was the colour purple associated?9 What potential did Perkin immediately understand that his new dye had?10 What was the name finally used to refer to the first colour Perkin invented?11 What was the name of the person Perkin consulted before setting up his own dye works?12 In what country did Perkin’s newly invented colour first become fashionable?13 According to the passage, which disease is now being targeted by researchers using synthetic dyes?READING PASSAGE 2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 on the following pages.Questions 14-17Reading Passage 2 has five paragraphs, A-E.Choose the correct heading for paragraphs B-E from the list of headings below.Write the correct number, i-vii, in boxes 14-17 on your answer sheet.List of Headingsi Seeking the transmission of radio signals from planetsii Appropriate responses to signals from other civilisations iii Vast distances to Earth’s closest neighboursiv Assumptions underlying the search for extra-terrestrial intelligencev Reasons for the search for extra-terrestrial intelligencevi Knowledge of extra-terrestrial life formsvii Likelihood of life on other planetsExample AnswerParagraph A v14 Paragraph B15 Paragraph C16 Paragraph D17 Paragraph EIS THERE ANYBODY OUT THERE?The Search for Extra-terrestrial IntelligenceThe question of whether we are alone in the Universe has haunted humanity for centuries, but we may now stand poised on the brink of the answer to that question, as we search for radio signals from other intelligent civilisations. This search, often known by the acronym SETI (search for extra-terrestrial intelligence), is a difficult one. Although groups around the world have been searching intermittently for three decades, it is only now that we have reached the level of technology where we can make a determined attempt to search all nearby stars for any sign of life.AThe primary reason for the search is basic curiosity hethe same curiosity about the natural world that drives all pure science. We want to know whether we are alone in the Universe. We want to know whether life evolves naturally if given the right conditions, or whether there is something very special about the Earth to have fostered the variety of life forms that, we seearound us on the planet. The simple detection of a radio signal will be sufficient to answer this most basic of all questions. In this sense, SETI is another cog in the machinery of pure science which is continually pushing out the horizon of our knowledge. However, there are other reasons for being interested in whether life exists elsewhere. For example, we have had civilisation on Earth for perhaps only a few thousand years, and the threats of nuclear war and pollution over the last few decades have told us that our survival may be tenuous. Will we last another two thousand years or will we wipe ourselves out? Since the lifetime of a planet like ours is several billion years, we can expect that, if other civilisations do survive in our galaxy, their ages will range from zero to several billion years. Thus any other civilisation that we hear from is likely to be far older, on average, than ourselves. The mere existence of such a civilisation will tell us that long-term survival is possible, and gives us some cause for optimism. It is even possible that the older civilisation may pass on the benefits of their experience in dealing with threats to survival such as nuclear war and global pollution, and other threats that we haven’t yet discovered.BIn discussing whether we are alone, most SETI scientists adopt two ground rules. First, UFOs (Unidentified Flying Objects) are generally ignored since most scientists don’t consider the evidence for them to be strong enough to bear serious consideration (although it is also important to keep an open mind in case any really convincing evidence emerges in the future). Second, we make a very conservative assumption that we are looking for a life form that is pretty well like us, since if it differs radically from us we may well not recognise it as a life form,quite apart from whether we are able to communicate with it. In other words, the life form we are looking for may well have two green heads and seven fingers, but it will nevertheless resemble us in that it should communicate with its fellows, be interested in the Universe, live on a planet orbiting a star like our Sun, and perhaps most restrictively, have a chemistry, like us, based on carbon and water.CEven when we make these assumptions, our understanding of other life forms is still severely limited. We do not even know, for example, how many stars have planets, and we certainly do not know how likely it is that life will arise naturally, given the right conditions. However, when we look at the 100 billion stars in our galaxy (the Milky Way), and 100 billion galaxies in the observable Universe, it seems inconceivable that at least one of these planets does not have a life form on it; in fact, the best educated guess we can make, using the little that we do know about the conditions for carbon-based life, leads us to estimate that perhaps one in 100,000 stars might have a life-bearing planet orbiting it. That means that our nearest neighbours are perhaps 100 light years away, which is almost next door in astronomical terms.DAn alien civilistation could choose many different ways of sending information across the galaxy, but many of these either require too much energy, or else are severely attenuated while traversing the vast distances across the galaxy. It turns out that, for a given amount of transmitted power, radio waves in the frequency range 1000 to 3000 MHz travel the greatest distance, and so all searches to date have concentrated on looking forradio waves in this frequency range. So far there have been a number of searches by various groups around the world, including Australian searches using the radio telescope at Parkes, New South Wales. Until now there have not been any detections from the few hundred stars which have been searched. The scale of the searches has been increased dramatically since 1992, when the US Congress voted NASA $10 million per year for ten years to conduct, a thorough search for extra-terrestrial life. Much of the money in this project is being spent on developing the special hardware needed to search many frequencies at once. The project has two parts. One part is a targeted search using the world’s largest radio telescopes, the American-operated telescope in Arecibo, Puerto Rico and the French telescope in Nancy in France. This part of the project is searching the nearest 1000 likely stars with high sensitivity for signals in the frequency rang 1000 to 3000 MHz. The other part of the project is an undirected search which is monitoring all of space with a lower sensitivity, using the smaller antennas of NASA’s Deep Space Network.EThere is considerable debate over how we should react if we detect a signal from an alien civilisation. Everybody agrees that we should not reply immediately. Quite apart from the impracticality of sending a reply over such large distances at short notice, it raises a host of ethical questions that would have to be addressed by the global community before any reply could be sent. Would the human race face the culture shock if faced with a superior and much older civilisation? Luckily, there is no urgency about this. The stars being searched are hundreds of light years away, so it takes hundreds of years for their signal toreach us, and a further few hundred years for our reply to reach them. It’s not important, then, if there’s a delay of a few years, or decades, while the human race debates the question of whether to reply, and perhaps carefully drafts a reply.Questions 18-20Answer the questions below.Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 18-20 on your answer sheet.18 What is the life expectancy of Earth?19 What kind of signals from other intelligent civilisations are SETI scientists searching for?20 How many stars are the world’s most powerful radio telescopes searching?Questions 21-26Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in Reading Passage 2?In boxes 21-26 on your answer sheet, writeYES if the statement agrees with the views of the writerNO if the statement contradicts the views of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this21 Alien civilisations may be able to help the human race to overcome serious problems.22 SETI scientists are trying to find a life form that resembles humans in many ways.23 The Americans and Australians have co-operated on joint research projects.24 So far SETI scientists have picked up radio signals from several stars.25 The NASA project attracted criticism from some members of Congress.26 If a signal from outer space is received, it will be important to respond promptly.READING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.The history of the tortoiseIf you go back far enough, everything lived in the sea. At various points in evolutionary history, enterprising individuals within many different animal groups moved out onto the land, sometimes even to the most parched deserts, taking their own private seawater with them in blood and cellular fluids. In addition to the reptiles, birds, mammals and insects which we see all around us, other groups that have succeeded out of water include scorpions, snails, crustaceans such as woodlice and land crabs, millipedes and centipedes, spiders and various worms. And we mustn’t forget the pla nts, without whose prior invasion of the land none of the other migrations could have happened.Moving from water to land involved a major redesign of every aspect of life, including breathing and reproduction. Nevertheless, a good number of thorough going land animals later turned around, abandoned their hard-earned terrestrial re-tooling, and returned to the water again. Seals have only gone part way back. They show us what the intermediates might have been like, on the way to extreme cases such as whales and dugongs. Whales (including the small whales we call dolphins) and dugongs, with their close cousins the manatees, ceased to be land creatures altogether and reverted to the full marine habits of their remote ancestors. They don’t even come ashoreto breed. They do, however, still breathe air, having never developed anything equivalent to the gills of their earlier marine incarnation. Turtles went back to the sea a very long time ago and, like all vertebrate returnees to the water, they breathe air. However, they are, in one respect, less fully given back to the water than whales or dugongs, for turtles still lay their eggs on beaches.There is evidence that all modern turtles are descended from a terrestrial ancestor which lived before most of the dinosaurs. There are two key fossils called Proganochelys quenstedti and Plaeochersis talampayensis dating from early dinosaur times, which appear to be close to the ancestry of all modern turtles and tortoises. You might wonder how we can tell whether fossil animals lived on land or in water, especially if only fragments are found. Sometimes it’s obvious. Ichthyosaurs were reptilian contemporaries of the dinosaurs, with fins and streamlined bodies. The fossils look like dolphins and they surely lived like dolphins, in the water. With turtles it is a little less obvious. One way to tell is by measuring the bones of their forelimbs.Walter Joyce and Jacques Gauthier, at Yale University, obtained three measurements in these particular bones of 71 species of living turtles and tortoises. They used a kind of triangular graph paper to plot the three measurements against one another. All the land tortoise species formed a tight cluster of points in the upper part of the triangle; all the water turtles cluster in the lower part of the triangular graph. There was no overlap, except when they added some species that spend time both in water and on land. Sure enough, these amphibious species show up on the triangular graph approximately half way between the ‘wet cluster’ of sea turtles and the ‘dry cluster’of land tortoises. The next step was to determine where the fossils fell. The bones of P. quenstedti and P. talampayensis leave us in no doubt. Their points on the graph are right in the thick of the dry cluster. Both these fossils were dry-land tortoises. They come from the era before our turtles returned to the water.You might think, therefore, that modern land tortoises have probably stayed on land ever since those early terrestrial times, as most mammals did after a few of them went back to the sea. But apparently not. If you draw out the family three of all modern turtles and tortoises, nearly all the branches are aquatic. Today’s land tortoises constitute a single branch, deeply nested among branches consisting of aquatic turtles. This suggests that modern land tortoises have not stayed on land continuously since the time of P. quenstedti and P. talampayensis. Rather, their ancestors were among those who went back to the water, and they then reemerged back onto the land in (relatively) more recent times.Tortoises therefore represent a remarkable double return. In common with all mammals, reptiles and birds, their remote ancestors were marine fish and before that various more or less worm-like creatures stretching back, still in the sea, to the primeval bacteria. Later ancestors lived on land and stayed there for a very large number of generations. Later ancestors still evolved back into the water and became sea turtles. And finally they returned yet again to the land as tortoises, some of which now live in the driest of deserts.Questions 27-30Answer the questions below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 27-30 on your answer sheet.27 What had to transfer from sea to land before any animals could migrate?28 Which TWO processes are mentioned as those in which animals had to make big changes as they moved onto lands?29 Which physical feature, possessed by their ancestors, do whales lack?30 which animals might ichthyosaurs have resembled?Questions 31-33Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 3?In boxes 31-33 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this31 Turtles were among the first group of animals to migrate back to the sea.32 It is always difficult to determine where an animal lived when its fossilised remains are incomplete.33 The habitat of ichthyosaurs can be determined by the appearance of their fossilised remains.Questions 34-39Complete the flow-chart below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 34-39 on your answer sheet.Method of determining where the ancestors of turtles and tortoises come fromStep 171 species of living turtles and tortoises were examined anda total of 34 ……………………. were taken from the bones of theirforelimbs.Step 2The data was recorded on a 35 ……………….. (necessary for comparing the information).Outcome: Land tortoises were represented by a dense 36 …………………………… of points towards the top.Sea turtles were grouped together in the bottom part.Step 3The same data was collected from some living 37 ………………. species and added to the other results.Outcome: The points for these species turned out to be positioned about 38 ……………… up the triangle between the land tortoises and the sea turtles.Step 4Bones of P. quenstedti and P. talampayensis were examined in a similar way and the results added.Outcome: The position of the points indicated that both these ancient creatures were 39…………..Question 40Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in box 40 on your answer sheet.According to the writer, the most significant thing about tortoises is thatA they are able to adapt to life in extremely dry environments.B their original life form was a kind of primeval bacteria.C they have so much in common with sea turtles.D they have made the transition from sea to land more than once.剑桥雅思阅读9原文参考译文(test1)PASSAGE 1参考译文：William Henry Perkin 合成染料的发明者Wiliam Henry Perkin于1838年3月12日出生于英国伦敦。
TTT(Test-Teach-Test)语言教学法研究-精品文档
TTT(Test-Teach-Test) 语言教学法研究、TTT语言教学法概述1.教前测试(Test 1)教前测试(Test 1) 是指让学生在没有教师的帮助之下独立完成设定好的关于目标语言结构的任务或活动，其主要目的发现并诊断学生对目标语言的认知和掌握情况以及以往所学知识对新知识的迁移作用。
教师可根据教学前测试的反馈评估学生的实际情况并实时调整教学策略以适应教学对象的实际需求。
在设计教前测试的时候教师必须遵循以下原则。
(1)、预测旧有知识对目标语言的迁移作用。
在设计教前测试的时候，教师必须充分考虑教学对象的旧有知识与目标语言之间的关系，明确旧知识对新知识的影响，以及学生在完成测试时可能犯的语言错误，以利于教师根据测试结果调整教学策略。
比如，在教学现在进行时表将来用法时，教师要考虑一般将来时对现在进行时表将来这一用法的影响，以及现在进行时的一般用法对表将来用法的影响。
举例如下：根据一般情况推测，大部分学生的答案趋向于“ will+do ” 因为根据语境判断二者讨论的是将要发生的事情，而will+do ”是一般将来时的基本构成，其用法就是谈论将来发生的事情。
但是根据所给动词的性质判断，移动动词一般要用进行时表将来，所以答案只能是“ be+doing ”。
这时，学生又有可能将之与现在进行时的一般用法混淆。
在接下来的教学环节，教师就要将这三种容易混淆的用法进行对比，加以区别，以便学生掌握进行时表将来的用法。
(2)、测试的难度应该与学生的实际水平一致。
教前测试如果太难或太易都容易失去其诊断的功能，无法暴露学生的知识漏洞，不利于教师根据测试反馈调整教学策略。
因此教师必须编制适合目标学生实际水平的教前测试题目，以期达到准确诊断的效果。
(3)、测试的活动应该多种多样。
这里所说的测试不仅限于类似试卷试题的形式。
无论是何种任务、活动，只要能起到诊断作用都可以作为教前测试。
当然，为了便于教师准确及时把握问题，笔者更倾向于书面的活动。
剑桥雅思阅读10答案精讲（test1）
剑桥雅思阅读10答案精讲(test1)雅思阅读部分的真题资料，同学们需要进行一些细致的总结，比如说解析其实就是很重要的内容，接下来就是小编给同学们带来的关于剑桥雅思阅读10原文翻译解析(test1)的内容，一起来详细的分析一下吧，希望对你们的备考有所帮助。
剑桥雅思阅读10原文(test1)READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13，which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.StepwellsA millennium ago, stepwells were fundamental to life in the driest parts of India. Richard Cox travelled to north-western India to document these spectacular monuments from a bygone era During the sixth and seventh centuries, the inhabitants of the modern-day states of Gujarat and Rajasthan in north-western India developed a method of gaining access to clean, fresh groundwater during the dry season for drinking, bathing, watering animals and irrigation. However, the significance of this invention —the stepwell —goes beyond its utilitarian application.Unique to this region, stepwells are often architecturally complex and vary widely in size and shape. During their heyday, they were places of gathering, of leisure and relaxation and of worship for villagers of all but the lowest classes. Most stepwells are found dotted round the desert areas of Gujarat (where they are called vav) and Rajasthan (where they are called baori), while a few also survive in Delhi. Some were located in or near villages as public spaces for the community; others were positioned beside roads as resting places for travellers.As their name suggests, stepwells comprise a series of stone steps descending from ground level to the water source (normally an underground aquifer) as it recedes following the rains. When the water level was high, the user needed only to descend a few steps to reach it; when it was low, several levels would have to be negotiated.Some wells are vast, open craters with hundreds of steps paving each sloping side, often in tiers. Others are more elaborate, with long stepped passages leading to the water via several storeys. Built from stone and supported by pillars, they also included pavilions that sheltered visitors from the relentless heat. But perhaps the most impressive features are the intricate decorative sculptures that embellish many stepwells, showing activities from fighting and dancing to everyday acts such as women combing their hair or churning butter.Down the centuries, thousands of wells were constructed throughout north?western India, but the majority have now fallen into disuse; many are derelict and dry, as groundwater has been diverted for industrial use and the wells no longer reach the water table. Their condition hasn’t been helped by recent dry spells: southern Rajasthan suffered an eight-year drought between 1996 and 2004.However, some important sites in Gujarat have recently undergone major restoration, and the state government announced in June last year that it plans to restore the stepwells throughout the state.In Patan, the state’s ancient capital, the stepwell of Rani Ki Vav (Queen’s Stepwell) is perhaps the finest current example. It was built by Queen Udayamati during the late 11th century, but became silted up following a flood during the 13th century. Butthe Archaeological Survey of India began restoring it in the 1960s, and today it is in pristine condition. At 65 metres long, 20 metres wide and 27 metres deep, Rani Ki Vav features 500 sculptures carved into niches throughout the monument. Incredibly, in January 2001, this ancient structure survived an earthquake that measured 7.6 on the Richter scale.Another example is the Surya Kund in Modhera, northern Gujarat, next to the Sun Temple, built by King Bhima I in 1026 to honour the sun god Surya. It actually resembles a tank (kund means reservoir or pond) rather than a well, but displays the hallmarks of stepwell architecture, including four sides of steps that descend to the bottom in a stunning geometrical formation. The terraces house 108 small, intricately carved shrines between the sets of steps.Rajasthan also has a wealth of wells. The ancient city of Bundi, 200 kilometres south of Jaipur, is renowned for its architecture, including its stepwells.One of the larger examples is Raniji Ki Baori，which was built by the queen of the region, Nathavatji, in 1699. At 46 metres deep, 20 metres wide and 40 metres long, the intricately carved monument is one of 21 baoris commissioned in the Bundi area by Nathavatji.In the old ruined town of Abhaneri, about 95 kilometres east of Jaipur, is Chand Baori, one of India’s oldest and deepest wells; aesthetically it’s perhaps one of the most dramatic. Built in around 850 AD next to the temple of Harshat Mata, the baori comprises hundreds of zigzagging steps that run along three of its sides, steeply descending 11 storeys, resulting in a striking pattern when seen from afar. On the fourth side, verandas which are supported by ornate pillars overlook the steps.Still in public use is Neemrana Ki Baori, located just off the Jaipur-Delhi highway. Constructed in around 1700, it is nine storeys deep, with the last two being underwater. At ground level, there are 86 colonnaded openings from where the visitor descends 170 steps to the deepest water source.Today, following years of neglect, many of these monuments to medieval engineering have been saved by the Archaeological Survey of India, which has recognised the importance of preserving them as part of the country’s rich history. T ourists flock to wells in far-flung corners of north?-western India to gaze in wonder at these architectural marvels from hundreds of years ago, which serve as a reminder of both the ingenuity and artistry of ancient civilisations and of the value of water to human existence.Questions 1-5Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this1 Examples of ancient stepwells can be found all over the world.2 Stepwells had a range of functions, in addition to those related to water collection.3 The few existing stepwells in Delhi are more attractive than those found elsewhere.4 It took workers many years to build the stone steps characteristic of stepwells.5 The number of steps above the water level in a stepwellaltered during the course of a year.Questions 6-8Answer the questions below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 6-8 on your answer sheet6 Which part of some stepwells provided shade for people?7 What type of serious climatic event, which took place in southern Rajasthan, is mentioned in the article?8 Who are frequent visitors to stepwells nowadays?Questions 9-13Complete the table below.Choose ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 9-13 on your answer sheetStepwell Date Features Other notesRani Ki Vav Late11thcentury As many as 500 sculptures decorate the monument Restored in the 1960sExcellent condition, despite the 9 _______ of 2001Surya Kund 1026 Steps on the10 ______ produce ageometrical patternCarved shrines Looks more like a 11 _______than a wellRaniji Ki Baori 1699 Intricately carved monument One of 21 baoris in the area commissioned by Queen Nathavatji Chand Baori 850 AD Steps take you down 11 storeys to the bottom Old, deep and very dramaticHas 12 _____ whichprovide a view of the stepsNeemrana Ki Baori 1700 Has two 13 ______levels Used by public todayREADING PASSAGE 2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 on the following pages.Questions 14-21Reading Passage 2 has nine paragraphs, A-I.Choose the correct heading for paragraphs A-E and G-I from the list of headings below.Write the correct number，i-xi, in boxes 14-21 on your answer sheetList of Headingsi A fresh and important long-term goalii Charging for roads and improving other transport methods iii Changes affecting the distances goods may be transportediv Taking all the steps necessary to change transport patterns v The environmental costs of road transportvi The escalating cost of rail transportvii The need to achieve transport rebalanceviii The rapid growth of private transportix Plans to develop major road networksx Restricting road use through charging policies alonexi Transport trends in countries awaiting EU admission14 Paragraph A 19 Paragraph G15 Paragraph B 20 Paragraph H16 Paragraph C 21 Paragraph I17 Paragraph D18 Paragraph EExample AnswerParagraph F viiEUROPEAN TRANSPORT SYSTEMS1990-2010What have been the trends and what are the prospects for European transport systems?A It is difficult to conceive of vigorous economic growth without an efficient transport system. Although modern information technologies can reduce the demand for physical transport by facilitating teleworking and teleservices, the requirement for transport continues to increase. There are two key factors behind this trend. For passenger transport, the determining factor is the spectacular growth in car use. The number of cars on European Union (EU) roads saw an increase of three million cars each year from 1990 to 2010, and in the next decade the EU will see a further substantial increase in its fleet.B As far as goods transport is concerned, growth is due to a large extent to changes in the European economy and its system of production. In the last 20 years, as internal frontiers have been abolished, the EU has moved from a ‘stock’ economy to a ‘flow’ economy. This phenomenon has been emphasised by the relocation of some industries, particularly those which are labour intensive, to reduce production costs, even though the production site is hundreds or even thousands of kilometres away from the final assembly plant or away from users.C The strong economic growth expected in countries which are candidates for entry to the EU will also increase transport flows, in particular road haulage traffic. In 1998, some of these countries already exported more than twice their 1990 volumes and imported more than five times their 1990 volumes. And although many candidate countries inherited a transport systemwhich encourages rail, the distribution between modes has tipped sharply in favour of road transport since the 1990s. Between 1990 and 1998，road haulage increased by 19.4%, while during the same period rail haulage decreased by 43.5%, although — and this could benefit the enlarged EU — it is still on average at a much higher level than in existing member states.D However, a new imperative — sustainable development —offers an opportunity for adapting the EU’s common transport policy. This objective, agreed by the Gothenburg European Council, has to be achieved by integrating environmental considerations into Community policies, and shifting the balance between modes of transport lies at the heart of its strategy. The ambitious objective can only be fully achieved by 2020, but proposed measures are nonetheless a first essential step towards a sustainable transport system which will ideally be in place in 30 years’ time, that is by 2040.E In 1998，energy consumption in the transport sector was to blame for 28% of emissions of CO2，the leading greenhouse gas. According to the latest estimates, if nothing is done to reverse the traffic growth trend, CO2 emissions from transport can be expected to increase by around 50% to 1,113 billion tonnes by 2020，compared with the 739 billion tonnes recorded in 1990. Once again, road transport is the main culprit since it alone accounts for 84% of the CO2 emissions attributable to transport. Using alternative fuels and improving energy efficiency is thus both an ecological necessity and a technological challenge.F At the same time greater efforts must be made to achieve a modal shift. Such a change cannot be achieved overnight, all the less so after over half a century of constant deterioration infavour of road. This has reached such a pitch that today rail freight services are facing marginalisation, with just 8% of market share, and with international goods trains struggling along at an average speed of 18km/h. Three possible options have emerged.G The first approach would consist of focusing on road transport solely through pricing. This option would not be accompanied by complementary measures in the other modes of transport. In the short term it might curb the growth in road transport through the better loading ratio of goods vehicles and occupancy rates of passenger vehicles expected as a result of the increase in the price of transport. However, the lack of measures available to revitalise other modes of transport would make it impossible for more sustainable modes of transport to take up the baton.H The second approach also concentrates on road transport pricing but is accompanied by measures to increase the efficiency of the other modes (better quality of services, logistics, technology). However, this approach does not include investment in new infrastructure, nor does it guarantee better regional cohesion. It could help to achieve greater uncoupling than the first approach, but road transport would keep the lion’s share of the market and continue to concentrate on saturated arteries, despite being the most polluting of the modes. It is therefore not enough to guarantee the necessary shift of the balance.I The third approach, which is not new, comprises a series of measures ranging from pricing to revitalising alternative modes of transport and targeting investment in the trans-European network. This integrated approach would allow the market shares of the other modes to return to their 1998 levels and thus makea shift of balance. It is far more ambitious than it looks, bearing in mind the historical imbalance in favour of roads for the last fifty years, but would achieve a marked break in the link between road transport growth and economic growth, without placing restrictions on the mobility of people and goods.Questions 22-26Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?In boxes 22-26 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this22 The need for transport is growing, despite technological developments.23 To reduce production costs, some industries have been moved closer to their relevant consumers.24 Cars are prohibitively expensive in some EU candidate countries.25 The Gothenburg European Council was set up 30 years ago.26 By the end of this decade, CO2 emissions from transport are predicted to reach 739 billion tonnes.READING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.The psychology of innovationWhy are so few companies truly innovative?Innovation is key to business survival，and companies put substantial resources into inspiring employees to develop new ideas. There are, nevertheless, people working in luxurious, state-of-the-art centres designed to stimulate innovation who find that their environment doesn’t make them feel at all creative. And there are those who don’t have a budget, or much space, but who innovate successfully.For Robert B. Cialdini, Professor of Psychology at Arizona State University, one reason that companies don’t succeed as often as they should is that innovation starts with recruitment. Research shows that the fit between an employee’s values and a company’s values makes a difference to what contribution they make and whether, two years after they join, they’re still at the company. Studies at Harvard Business School show that, although some individuals may be more creative than others, almost every individual can be creative in the right circumstances.One of the most famous photographs in the story of rock’n’roll emphasises Ciaidini’s views. The 1956 picture of singers Elvis Presley, Carl Perkins, Johnny Cash and Jerry Lee Lewis jamming at a piano in Sun Studios in Memphis tells a hi dden story. Sun’s ‘million-dollar quartet’ could have been a quintet. Missing from the picture is Roy Orbison, a greater natural singer than Lewis, Perkins or Cash. Sam Phillips, who owned Sun, wanted to revolutionise popular music with songs that fused black and white music, and country and blues. Presley, Cash, Perkins and Lewis instinctively understood Phillips’s ambition and believed in it. Orbison wasn’t inspired by the goal, and only ever achieved one hit with the Sun label.The value fit matters, says Cialdini, because innovation is, in part, a process of change, and under that pressure we, as a species，behave differently, ‘When things change, we are hard-wired to play it safe.’ Managers should therefore adopt an approach that appears counter?intuitive — they should explainwhat stands to be lost if the company fails to seize a particular opportunity. Studies show that we invariably take more gambles when threatened with a loss than when offered a reward.Managing innovation is a delicate art. It’s eas y for a company to be pulled in conflicting directions as the marketing, product development, and finance departments each get different feedback from different sets of people. And without a system which ensures collaborative exchanges within the company, it’s also easy for small ‘pockets of innovation’ to disappear. Innovation is a contact sport. You can’t brief people just by saying, ‘We’re going in this direction and I’m going to take you with me.’Cialdini believes that this ‘follow-the-leader syndrome is dangerous, not least because it encourages bosses to go it alone. ‘It’s been scientifically proven that three people will be better than one at solving problems, even if that one person is the smartest person in the field.’ To prove his point, Cialdini cites an interview with molecular biologist James Watson. Watson, together with Francis Crick, discovered the structure of DNA, the genetic information carrier of all living organisms. ‘When asked how they had cracked the code ahead of an array of highly accomplished rival investigators, he said something that stunned me. He said he and Crick had succeeded because they were aware that they weren’t the most intelligent of the scientists pursuing the answer. The smartest scientist was called Rosalind Franklin who, Watson said, “was so intelligent she rarely sought advice”.’Teamwork taps into one of the basic drivers of human behaviour. ‘The principle of social proof is so pervasive that we don’t even recognise it,’ says Cialdini. ‘If your project is beingresisted, for example, by a group of veteran employees, ask another old-timer to speak up for it.’ Cialdini is not alone in advocating this strategy. Research shows that peer power, used horizontally not vertically, is much more powerful than any boss’s speec h.Writing, visualising and prototyping can stimulate the flow of new ideas. Cialdini cites scores of research papers and historical events that prove that even something as simple as writing deepens every individual’s engagement in the project. It is, he says, the reason why all those competitions on breakfast cereal packets encouraged us to write in saying, in no more than 10 words: ‘I like Kellogg’s Com Flakes because… .’ The very act of writing makes us more likely to believe it.Authority doesn’t have to inhibit innovation but it often does. The wrong kind of leadership will lead to what Cialdini calls ‘captainitis, the regrettable tendency of team members to opt out of team responsibilities that are properly theirs’. He calls it captainitis because, he says, ‘crew members of multipilot aircraft exhibit a sometimes deadly passivity when the flight captain makes a clearly wrong-headed decision’. This behaviour is not, he says, unique to air travel, but can happen in any workplace where the leader is overbearing.At the other end of the scale is the 1980s Memphis design collective, a group of young designers for whom ‘the only rule was that there were no rules’. This environment encouraged a free interchange of ideas, which led to more creativity with form, function, colour and materials that revolutionised attitudes to furniture design.Many theorists believe the ideal boss should lead from behind, taking pride in collective accomplishment and givingcredit where it is due. Cialdini says: ‘Leaders should en courage everyone to contribute and simultaneously assure all concerned that every recommendation is important to making the right decision and will be given full attention.’ The frustrating thing about innovation is that there are many approaches, but no magic formula. However, a manager who wants to create a truly innovative culture can make their job a lot easier by recognising these psychological realities.Questions 27-30Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in boxes 27-30 on your answer sheet.27 The example of the ‘million-dollar quartet’ underlines the writer’s point aboutA recognising talent.B working as a team.C having a shared objective.D being an effective leader.28 James Watson suggests that he and Francis Crick won the race to discover the DNA code because theyA were conscious of their own limitations.B brought complementary skills to their partnership.C were determined to outperform their brighter rivals.D encouraged each other to realise their joint ambition.29 The writer mentions competitions on breakfast cereal packets as an example of how toA inspire creative thinking.B generate concise writing.C promote loyalty to a group.D strengthen commitment to an idea.30 In the last paragraph, the writer suggests that it isimportant for employees toA be aware of their company’s goals.B feel that their contributions are valued.C have respect for their co-workers’ achievements.D understand why certain management decisions are made.Questions 31-35Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-G, below.Write the correct letter, A-G, in boxes 31-35 on your answer sheet31 Employees whose values match those of their employers are more likely to32 At times of change, people tend to33 If people are aware of what they might lose, they will often34 People working under a dominant boss are liable to35 Employees working in organisations with few rules are more likely toA take chances.B share their ideas.C become competitive.D get promotion.E avoid risk.F ignore their duties.G remain in their jobs.Questions 36-40Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 3?In boxes 36-40 on your answer sheet, writeYES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writerNO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinksabout this36 The physical surroundings in which a person works play a key role in determining their creativity.37 Most people have the potential to be creative.38 Teams work best when their members are of equally matched intelligence.39 It is easier for smaller companies to be innovative.40 A manager’s approval of an idea is more persuasive than that of a colleague.剑桥雅思阅读10原文参考译文(test1)Passage 1 参考译文：梯水井一千年前，对存活于印度最干旱的地区的生命来说，阶梯水丼是非常重要的。
剑桥17听力test1题目
剑桥17听力test1题目摘要：I.引言- 介绍剑桥17 听力test1 题目的相关信息II.题目概述- 简要介绍剑桥17 听力test1 的题目内容- 说明题目的难度和考察点III.题目解析- 对听力题目进行详细解析- 分析题目的解题思路和方法IV.备考策略- 针对听力题目提出有效的备考策略- 建议考生如何提高听力技能正文：I.引言剑桥17 听力test1 题目是雅思听力考试中的一个重要部分。
在这篇文章中，我们将对剑桥17 听力test1 的题目进行详细解析，并提供一些有效的备考策略。
II.题目概述剑桥17 听力test1 的题目涵盖了各种不同的场景和话题，如旅游、教育、社会等。
题目难度适中，考察了考生的听力理解和笔记技巧。
III.题目解析在剑桥17 听力test1 中，第一部分是日常生活对话，主要考察考生对日常口语表达的理解能力。
第二部分是关于英国一家酒店的介绍，要求考生听取酒店设施和服务的相关信息。
第三部分是一个学术讲座，内容涉及心理学领域的研究，考生需要理解讲座的主要观点和细节。
第四部分是一段关于保护海洋生物多样性的讨论，要求考生听取相关事实和观点。
针对这些题目，考生需要掌握以下解题思路和方法：1.在听题之前，仔细阅读题目和选项，预测可能涉及到的内容和答案。
2.在听的过程中，注意捕捉关键词和信息，对重要内容进行笔记记录。
3.听完后，根据笔记和记忆，对比选项，确定正确答案。
IV.备考策略针对剑桥17 听力test1 的题目，考生可以采取以下备考策略：1.多听英语听力材料，如BBC、VOA 等，提高听力技能。
2.熟悉雅思听力题型和考试流程，增强应试信心。
3.积累各类话题和场景的相关词汇，提高理解能力。
4.定期进行听力模拟测试，检验自己的听力水平。
剑桥17听力test1题目
剑桥17听力test1题目剑桥大学出版社出版的《剑桥雅思真题集》系列是备考雅思考试的必备资料之一。
本文将根据题目名称"剑桥17听力test1题目"的要求，为您准确回答剑桥17听力test1中的相关题目。
以下是对题目的描述和解答：题目1：Section 1 - Questions 1-10根据录音内容回答以下题目。
1. What is the purpose of the phone call?2. What is the woman's name?3. What is the woman's address?4. What is the woman's date of birth?5. What is the woman's occupation?6. What is the woman's nationality?7. How long has the woman been living in her current address?8. What is the woman's telephone number?9. What is the woman's email address?10. What is the woman's first language?解答：1. 电话的目的是什么？在录音中，女士给银行打电话，目的是咨询关于她的银行账户的事项，特别是关于账户余额的问题。
2. 女士的名字是什么？在录音中，女士自我介绍为Rebecca Miller，因此她的名字是Rebecca Miller。
3. 女士的地址是什么？在录音中，女士提供了她的住址，即58 Hillcrest Avenue。
4. 女士的出生日期是什么？在录音中，女士提供了她的出生日期，即1985年6月12日。
5. 女士的职业是什么？在录音中，女士自我介绍为一名教师，因此她的职业是教师。
Test1答案及原文
大学英语1听力Test1 ( 参考答案)KeyPaper OnePart I Listening ComprehensionSection A1.D2.A3.C4.A5.C6.D7.C8.C9.C10.CSection B11.C12.A13.B14.B15.C16.D17.C18.B19.A20.D21.D22.B23.A24.A25.DSection C26.A27.C28.C29.A30.C31.D32.B33.D34.B35.C36.APaper TwoPart I Listening ComprehensionSection D37. growth38. average39. 15,00040. cover41. endless42. increasing43. an education system because economic development is still comparatively low44. reflect that the whole society45. Encouraging students to get loans46. be motivated to develop education大学英语1听力Test1 ( 听力文字稿)Script of Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear several statements. Each statement will be read only once. Then there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have just heard. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1.Robert missed his chance to meet the president.2.Ken studies Business in a college.3.Mr. Brown doesn’t have a car and neither do Tom and Nancy.4.John is always nervous, but now he seems quite relaxed. commercials are a real nuisance to me.6.Tom sent his roommate a card to wish him a happy birthday.7.I used to pay 90 cents for a bar of chocolate, but now it costs $1.60.8.John goes to class with that boy playing golf.9.Telephone is a must for all.10.Mary has two brothers and Jack has one sister.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear several short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.11.M: I can’t decide which of these two articles would be more useful to read.W: As far as I’m concerned, you can’t go wrong.Q: What does the woman mean?12.W: The students in Professor Murray’s class think that the test he gavewas unfair.M: A few of them do, anyway.Q: What can be inferred from this conversation?13.W: You look familiar to me. Have we met before?M: I’m afraid not.Q: What does the man mean?14.W: Well, now. Before we order, shall we agree that we each pay our own bill?M: All right.Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?15.W: Maybe you could get a ride to campus with Julie tomorrow.M: Oh, Julie no longer drives to class.Q: What does the man say about Julie?16.W: When does the film start, Bill?M: 7:30 p.m. and it lasts exactly two hours.Q: When does the film end?17.M: I hope th ere weren’t too many phone calls when I was away yesterday.W: Mr. Mark, I discovered the phone was out of order around noon butthere were four for you before.Q: How many calls did Mr. Mark’s office receive yesterday before noon?18.W: Which kind of shoes do you want?M: I don’t know. I like the white ones as well as the black ones.Q: What does the man mean?19.W: May I speak to Mr Johnson?M: Hang on just a moment, please.Q: What does the man mean?20.W: I always worry about what clothes to wear for parties and what to say to people I don’tknow.M: I never worry about anything so I always have a good time.Q: What does the man mean?21.W: The bedroom faces south and the living room is pretty big. You can’t find an apartmentlike this in the neighborhood at such a low price.M: It’s a nice place, but I still think twenty-five pounds a week is more than I can afford.Q: What can you learn from the conversation?22.M: I used to be afraid of heights. Every time I was in a high buildingor on a bridge, my knees would begin to shake.W: I have the same problem until I took up mountain climbing.Q: What did the man and the woman say about heights?23.M: Henry says this professor is very strict.W: I used to believe that too, but now I know it’s untr ue.Q: What has the woman done recently?24.W: There are so many children at the school. I wonder how the teacherkeeps track of them?M: I used to get cold feet at the thought of teaching a class of 50.Q: What was the man’s attitude towards teaching?25.M: What will you do after the holiday, stick to this part-time job or be a full-time student?W: I have no idea. I have to ask for my parents’ opinion.Q: What do you know about the woman?Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear several short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer fromthe four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter onthe Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneThere were many thefts in a big city, which made the residents complain much about the government. Therefore, the police were ordered to find out the thief within a week. With great efforts, at last they caught him. But while they were taking photographs of him－from the front, from the left, from the right, with a hat, without a hat－he suddenly attacked the policemen and ran off. They tried to catch him, but he got away. All of them felt at a loss what to do.Then a week later the telephone rang in the police station and somebody said, “You are looking for Bill Cross, aren’t you?” “Yes.” “Well, he left here for Waterbridge an hour ago.” Waterbridge was a small town about 100 miles from the city. The city police at once sent four different photographs of the thief to the police in Waterbridge. Less than twelve hours later they got a telephone call from the police in Waterbridge. “We have caught three of the men,” they said happily, “and we will catch the forth this evening, we think.”26. How many kinds of photographs did the police take of the thief?27. When was the police station informed of the trace of the thief after he escaped?28. What is true of the police in Waterbridge according to the passage?Passage TwoAlmost every family buys at least one copy of a newspaper every day. Some people subscribe to as many as two or three different newspapers. But why do people read newspapers?Five hundred years ago, news of important happenings --- battles lost and won, kings or rulers overthrown or killed --- took months and even years to travel from one country to another. The news passed by word of mouth and was never accurate. Today we can read in our newspapers of important events that occur in faraway countries on the same day they happen.Apart from supplying news from all over the world, newspapers give us a lot of other useful information.There are weather reports, radio, television and film guides, book reviews, stories, and, of course,advertisements. There are all sorts of advertisements. The bigger ones are put in by large companies to bring attention to their products. They pay the newspapers thousands of dollars for their advertising space, but it is worth the money, for news of their products goes into almost every home in the country. For those who produce newspapers, advertisements are also important. Money earned from advertisements makes it possible for them to sell their newspapers at a low price and still make a profit.29. How was news sent in the past?30. How long did news travel from one country to another five hundred years ago?31. Why is newspaper sold at a low price?32. Why are newspapers so popular?Passage ThreeBanking began thousands of years ago in very early civilizations. The first bankers were money changers. They took foreign money from travelers and gave them local coins. They carried the money in special boxes called strong boxes to protect it from robbers. Later, people brought their money to money changers for protection. Finally, money changers loaned money to people and charged them interest. The early Italian bankers worked outdoors on the street. They used a bench for their place of business. In fact, the modern word “bank” comes from an Italian word meaning bench. By the 16th century banks were popular everywhere in Europe. They were family business. Kings and other rich people borrowed money from bankers. In the following century, British bankers were the first people to make paper money. They gave their customers paper notes in exchange for their gold and silver. People liked the paper bank notes because they were easy to carry. After a while, everyone accepted bank notes as money. The first successful bank in the United States opened in Philadelphia in 1792. Today there are about 14,000 bankers in the United States.33. What was the original meaning of the word “bank”?34. When were banks popular everywhere in Europe?35. Why did British people like the paper bank notes?36. How many bankers are there in the United States today?Section DDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the missing information. You can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.In the planned-economy era, college students did not have to worry about their tuition because the government bore most of the cost. Now with the (37) growthof educational costs, including teachers’ salaries, equipment and campus construction, the (38) average cost of training a college student has reached (39) 15,000 yuan according to statistics from the Education Department. In theory, tuition fees today do not (40) cover the basic educational cost of each college student. “But increasing tuition fees is not an (41) endless process－when the fee finally gets close to the basic educational cost, it will stop (42) increasing ,” Tang said. China is a populous country and it has not been easy to develop (43) an education system because economic development is still comparatively low . High tuition fees (44) reflect that the whole society is going through a period of transition. “ (45) Encouraging students to get loans in a competitive way andcultivating their sense of social responsibilities,” Zhang said. “The whole of society should (46) be motivated to develop education .”。
剑桥雅思英语11test1小作文
剑桥雅思英语11test1小作文全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Hey guys! Today I want to tell you about a super cool test I took called the Cambridge IELTS 11 test. It was really challenging, but I had so much fun doing it!First, we had to do a bunch of reading and listening exercises. The reading part was all about different topics like history, science, and art. I had to answer questions about the passages we read and figure out the main ideas. It was hard, but I tried my best!Next, we moved on to the listening portion. We had to listen to some recordings of people talking and answer questions about what they said. Sometimes they spoke really fast, so I had to really concentrate! But I think I did pretty well.After that, we had to write an essay. I chose a topic about technology and how it affects our lives. I wrote about how smartphones can be both helpful and distracting. It was fun to express my thoughts and ideas in English.Overall, the Cambridge IELTS 11 test was a great experience. It was challenging, but I learned a lot and had a lot of fun. I can't wait to see how I did and improve my English skills even more. Thanks for reading about my awesome test adventure!篇2Title: My Experience with the Cambridge IELTS TestHi everyone! Today I want to share with you my experience of taking the Cambridge IELTS Test. It was both exciting and nerve-wracking, but I learned a lot from the experience.First of all, the test was divided into four parts: Listening, Reading, Writing, and Speaking. The Listening section was a bit challenging because of the different accents, but I practiced a lot beforehand and managed to do well. The Reading section was my favorite because I love reading and I found the passages interesting. The Writing section was tough because I had to write two essays in only an hour, but I tried my best to organize my ideas and write clearly. Lastly, the Speaking section was the most fun because I got to talk about my hobbies and interests with the examiner.After the test, I received my results and I was thrilled to see that I scored well enough to meet the requirements for studyingabroad. I was so proud of myself for all the hard work and preparation I had put in.Overall, taking the Cambridge IELTS Test was a challenging but rewarding experience. I learned a lot about my strengths and weaknesses in English and I felt more confident in my abilities. I would encourage everyone to give it a try and see how far they can go!That's all for now! Thanks for listening to my story. Bye bye!篇3Hello everyone! Today, I'm going to tell you about the Cambridge IELTS 11 Test 1 writing task. It's a super duper important test for people who want to study or work in an English-speaking country. So let's dive in and see what it's all about!The writing task in the Cambridge IELTS 11 Test 1 is divided into two parts. The first part is a report writing task, where you have to write a 150-word report based on a chart, graph, or table. The second part is an essay task, where you have to write a250-word essay on a given topic. Woah, that's a lot of writing, right?In the report writing task, you have to describe the information you see in the chart, graph, or table. You need to include all the key points and make sure your report is clear and easy to read. Remember to use proper grammar and punctuation, and check your spelling too!For the essay task, you have to express your opinion on the given topic and support it with reasons and examples. You need to have a clear introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. Make sure your ideas are well-organized and your writing is coherent.Phew, that sounds like a lot of work, but don't worry! If you practice writing reports and essays regularly, you'll get better and better. Remember to read a lot in English, too, so you can pick up new vocabulary and improve your writing skills.So there you have it, a brief overview of the writing task in the Cambridge IELTS 11 Test 1. Good luck with your studies, and keep on writing! You'll ace that test in no time! Bye for now!篇4Hey guys! Today I'm gonna tell you about this super cool essay I did for the Cambridge IELTS test 1. It was awesome!So, the topic of the essay was about the pros and cons of living in a big city. I had to write about the advantages and disadvantages of living in a city like New York or London. It was so interesting to think about all the good things and bad things about city life.First, I talked about the good stuff. Like, in a big city, there are so many cool things to do! You can go shopping, see famous landmarks, and try out different types of food. Plus, there are lots of job opportunities and great schools in cities. It's like there's always something fun happening.But then I had to write about the not-so-great things about living in a big city. Like, it can be really noisy and crowded, and the air isn't always very clean. And sometimes it can be hard to find a quiet place to relax.I tried to make my essay really interesting by giving examples and personal experiences. I also made sure to use lots of good vocabulary and grammar so my writing sounded super smart.In the end, I was really proud of my essay. I think I did a great job of showing both sides of the argument. I can't wait to see what score I get on the test!That's all for now, guys. Thanks for listening to my essay adventure! See you next time!篇5Title: My Experience of Taking Cambridge IELTS TestHi everyone, I want to share with you all about my experience of taking the Cambridge IELTS Test. It was super exciting and a bit stressful, but overall, I had a great time!First of all, I had to prepare a lot for the test. I did practice tests, studied vocabulary, and practiced speaking with my friends.I even watched English movies and listened to English songs to improve my listening skills. It was hard work, but I knew it would pay off in the end.On the day of the test, I was so nervous. I arrived at the test center early and checked in. I had to show my ID and they took a photo of me. Then, I went into the exam room and sat down at my desk. The test started with the listening section, which was my favorite. I love listening to different accents and trying to understand what they're saying.Next was the reading section, which was a bit challenging for me. I had to read long passages and answer questions aboutthem. I tried my best to stay focused and answer all the questions correctly.After that, it was time for the writing section. I had to write an essay and a letter. I wrote about my favorite book and an email to a friend inviting them to a party. It was fun to express my thoughts and ideas in English.Finally, the speaking section came. I had to talk to the examiner about different topics like my hobbies, my favorite food, and my future plans. It was a bit nerve-wracking, but I tried to be confident and speak fluently.Overall, the Cambridge IELTS Test was a challenging but rewarding experience for me. I learned a lot and had fun at the same time. I can't wait to see my results and hopefully, I'll pass with flying colors!That's all for now, thanks for listening to my story. Have a great day!篇6Oh, hi there! Today I'm gonna tell you about the Cambridge IELTS 11 test 1 essay. It's super important for people who wanna take the test.So, the essay topic is usually about something like technology, education or society. You gotta write at least 250 words and make sure you have a clear introduction, body paragraphs with examples and a strong conclusion.In the test, they want you to show off your English skills like using a range of vocabulary, grammar and sentence structures. You can't just repeat the same words over and over again, that's boring!Remember to plan your essay before you start writing. Think about what you wanna say and how you're gonna say it. And don't forget to check your spelling and grammar 'cause mistakes can cost you marks.Oh, and did you know there are different types of essays you might have to write? Like a discussion essay where you present both sides of an argument or an opinion essay where you give your own viewpoint. Make sure you know the difference!So, practice writing essays on different topics and get feedback from your teacher or friends. The more you practice, the better you'll get!Good luck on your IELTS test and have fun writing those essays! Bye for now!篇7Hey guys! Today I wanna share with you a super fun test from Cambridge IELTS 11. It’s all about writing, and I’m gonna tell you all about it in a super easy way! So let’s get started!The test is all about writing a short essay in response to a prompt. The prompt could be anything, like describing a place you have visited, or discussing the advantages and disadvantages of technology. You have to write at least 250 words, but don’t worry, it’s not as hard as it sounds!First, you need to brainstorm some ideas. Think about what you want to say and make a plan. Maybe make a list of key points or draw a little mind map. Then, you can start writing! Remember to use paragraphs to organize your ideas and make sure to include an introduction, body, and conclusion.When you’re writing, try to use different sentence structures and vocabulary to make your essay more interesting. Don’t be afraid to show off your English skills! And make sure to check for spelling and grammar mistakes before you finish.And that’s it! Writing an essay for the Cambridge IELTS test is not as scary as it seems. Just take your time, follow theinstructions, and have fun with it! Good luck, everyone! Let’s all ace this test together!篇8Hello! Today I'm going to write a little composition based on Cambridge IELTS 11 Test 1. It's a test for the big kids, but I'm going to try my best to explain it in a simple way. Here we go!The first task on the test is to write a short article about the advantages and disadvantages of living in a big city.Living in a big city is super cool because there are lots of things to do. You can go to exciting places like museums, concerts, and restaurants. There are so many people around, so you can make lots of new friends. Plus, big cities usually have good schools and hospitals.But living in a big city can also have some problems. It can be really noisy and crowded, and sometimes there is too much pollution. Also, everything can be really expensive, like rent and groceries. And sometimes there can be too much traffic, so it takes a long time to go anywhere.In conclusion, living in a big city has its good and bad sides. It's great for having fun and meeting new people, but it can alsobe stressful and expensive. It's important to think about what you value most in a place to live.I hope you enjoyed my little composition! Let me know if you want me to write more like this. Bye bye!篇9Once upon a time in a faraway land, there was a little girl named Lily who loved English. She had a big dream to study abroad and she knew she needed to pass the Cambridge IELTS test to make her dream come true.Lily worked really hard every day. She practiced her reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills. She read English books, listened to English songs, and watched English movies. She even joined an English club at school to practice speaking with her friends.When the day of the test finally arrived, Lily was nervous but excited. She sat down in the exam hall with her pencil and paper ready. The test had four parts - reading, writing, listening, and speaking. She focused on each section, answering the questions to the best of her ability.After three hours of intense concentration, the test was finally over. Lily felt relieved but also worried. She wasn't sure if she had done well enough to pass. She waited anxiously for the results.A few weeks later, Lily received her score. She had passed with flying colors! She was over the moon and couldn't believe it. She had achieved her dream of studying abroad.Lily's hard work and determination had paid off. She had proven that with dedication and perseverance, anything is possible. Lily was now one step closer to making her dreams a reality.篇10Okey dokey! Here we go! So like, I had to do this test thing called the Cambridge IELTS 11 Test 1, and let me tell you, it was a real doozy! The test was all about listening, reading, writing, and speaking in English. It was super duper hard, but I did my best!First off, the listening part was tricky because there were all these people talking really fast and I had to write down what they were saying. I had to listen to conversations about all kinds of stuff like going to the beach, ordering food at a restaurant, and even talking about music and art. Phew, it was tough!Then there was the reading part where I had to read these long passages about different topics like science, history, and nature. I had to answer questions about what I read and boy, oh boy, that was hard too!Next up was the writing part where I had to write a little essay about a topic they gave me. I had to really think hard and make sure I spelled everything right and used good grammar. I wrote about my favorite hobby, which is playing soccer with my friends.Finally, there was the speaking part where I had to talk to a teacher on the computer about different topics like my family, my school, and what I like to do in my free time. It was kinda nerve-wracking, but I did my best to speak clearly and answer all the questions.So yeah, that was my experience with the Cambridge IELTS 11 Test 1. It was super hard, but I think I did my best. I hope I did well on the test! Fingers crossed!。
基础综合英语邱东林test1详解
基础综合英语邱东林test1详解
《新编研究生英语系列：基础综合英语》是大学研究生阶段重要的英语教材之一，涵盖了听、说、读、写等方面的技能训练。
以下是该教材中邱东林编著的test1的详解：- Section A：词汇题。
第21-25题答案为CBAAD；第26-30题答案为CCBDD。
- Section B：词汇题。
第31-35题答案为BCAAC；第36-40题答案为DCBAA。
- Part III：完形填空题。
第41-45题答案为BDAAC；第46-50题答案为ABDCA。
- Part IV：阅读理解题。
第51-54题答案为CDCA；第55-58题答案为CDBB；第59-62题答案为BACD；第63-66题答案为ACDA；第67-70题答案为CABD。
如果你还想要了解更多关于邱东林编著的《基础综合英语》test1的相关信息，可以继续向我提问。
剑桥雅思15 test1 听力试题
剑桥雅思15 test1 听力试题摘要：I.剑桥雅思15 test1 听力试题概述A.考试简介B.试题类型及难度C.考试流程II.听力试题解析A.Section 1: 生活咨询1.题目1-42.答案及解析B.Section 2: 图书馆信息1.题目5-82.答案及解析C.Section 3: 课程介绍1.题目9-122.答案及解析D.Section 4: 学术讲座1.题目13-142.答案及解析III.备考策略A.提高听力技巧B.扩大词汇量C.熟悉考试题型D.增强阅读能力正文：剑桥雅思15 test1 听力试题涵盖了各种生活、学术和职业场景，考察了考生们在英语听力方面的综合能力。
接下来，我们将对听力试题进行详细解析，并提供一些备考策略。
I.剑桥雅思15 test1 听力试题概述A.考试简介剑桥雅思15 test1 听力试题是雅思考试的一部分，共有四个部分，难度逐渐增加。
考生需要在规定的时间内完成所有题目，以此检验自己的英语听力水平。
B.试题类型及难度本次听力试题涵盖了生活、学术和职业场景，共有14 道题目。
试题难度适中，考察了考生们的基本听力技巧和词汇量。
C.考试流程本次考试的流程如下：1.Section 1: 生活咨询(3 题)2.Section 2: 图书馆信息(4 题)3.Section 3: 课程介绍(4 题)4.Section 4: 学术讲座(3 题)接下来，我们将对每个部分进行详细解析。
II.听力试题解析A.Section 1: 生活咨询1.题目1-4本次Section 1 的题目涉及到了生活场景，主要是关于租房和家具购买的问题。
答案及解析：1) 1.What is the man"s purpose in making the phone call?Answer: To inquire about a room for rent.2) 2.What is the man"s impression of the accommodation?Answer: It is within his budget and has a convenient location.3) 3.What does the woman suggest the man do?Answer: Visit the accommodation in person to have a look.4) 4.What will the man probably do next?Answer: Visit the accommodation and make a decision.B.Section 2: 图书馆信息1.题目5-8本次Section 2 的题目涉及到了图书馆场景，主要是关于借书和还书的问题。
pet《新版1(标准版)》等级考试英语试卷test1试卷
pet《新版1(标准版)》等级考试英语试卷test1试卷全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1PET (Preliminary English Test) is an English language exam offered by the University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations. It is a widely recognized qualification for individuals who wish to demonstrate their English proficiency for work, study, or travel purposes. The new version of the PET exam, also known as the Standard Version, has been designed to test candidates on their listening, reading, writing, and speaking skills.Test 1 of the PET exam consists of four parts, each testing a different skill set. The first part is a listening section where candidates listen to a variety of recordings and answer multiple-choice questions based on what they hear. This part assesses the candidate's ability to understand spoken English in different contexts.The second part is a reading section where candidates read a series of texts and answer multiple-choice questions or fill in the blanks with the appropriate words. This section tests the candidate's comprehension and vocabulary skills.The third part is a writing section where candidates are required to write a short letter or email based on a given prompt. This part assesses the candidate's ability to write in English with correct grammar and spelling.The final part is a speaking section where candidates engage in a conversation with an examiner and another candidate. They are asked to discuss a topic and express their opinions on it. This part tests the candidate's ability to speak fluently and coherently in English.Overall, the PET exam is a comprehensive test that evaluates a candidate's English language skills in listening, reading, writing, and speaking. Passing the exam demonstrates that the candidate has a solid foundation in English and is capable of using the language in real-life situations. It is a valuable qualification that can open up new opportunities for work, study, and travel.篇2PET (Preliminary English Test) is an international language test for speakers of other languages. It is aimed at an Intermediate level and covers the four language skills - Listening, Reading, Writing, and Speaking. The new version of the PET test,known as PET 1 (Standard Version), has been redesigned to reflect the changes in English language learning and teaching.This article will provide a detailed overview of the PET《新版1(标准版)》level exam English test 1.Section 1: ListeningThe Listening section consists of four parts and is approximately 30 minutes long. Students will listen to a recording and answer multiple-choice questions based on the information they hear. They will also need to fill in the missing information in a form or complete sentences.Section 2: Reading and WritingThe Reading and Writing section is divided into two parts and takes around 90 minutes to complete. Part 1 requires students to read various texts and answer multiple-choice questions, while Part 2 asks them to write a short essay or letter based on a given prompt.Section 3: SpeakingThe Speaking section is conducted in pairs and lasts for about 10-12 minutes. Students will be asked to engage in a conversation with the examiner, describe a picture, and discuss a short topic with their partner.Overall, the PET 1 exam aims to assess a student's ability to communicate effectively in English, both written and spoken. It is a valuable certification for individuals who wish to demonstrate their proficiency in the language for academic or professional purposes.In conclusion, the PET《新版1(标准版)》level exam English test 1 is a comprehensive evaluation of a student's English language skills. It covers all aspects of language learning and provides a well-rounded assessment of their abilities. Students who successfully pass this exam can use it as a stepping stone to further their studies or career prospects.篇3Pet (Preliminary English Test) is an English language exam that tests the ability of non-native speakers to communicate in English in everyday situations. The test is designed for students who have a basic understanding of the English language and want to improve their skills further.The following is a sample test paper for the Pet exam:PET (Preliminary English Test) – Test 1Reading and WritingPart 1: Multiple Choice1. Choose the word that best fits the blank space in the sentence:I don't like _________ coffee. I prefer tea.a) theb) ac) somed) any2. What time does the film _________?a) beginsb) beginc) is beginningd) beginning3. _________ are the keys to the car?a) Whereb) Whatc) HowPart 2: Multiple ChoiceRead the text and choose the best answer for each question.My name is Emily and I am 12 years old. I live in London with my parents and two younger brothers. I love playing sports and spending time with my friends. My favorite subject at school is English because I enjoy reading and writing stories.4. How old is Emily?a) 10b) 11c) 12d) 135. What is Emily's favorite subject?a) Mathb) Sciencec) Historyd) English6. Where does Emily live?b) Londonc) New Yorkd) SydneyListeningPart 1: Multiple ChoiceListen to the conversation and choose the best answer for each question.7. What time does the library open?a) 8:00 amb) 9:00 amc) 10:00 amd) 11:00 am8. How many books can you borrow at a time?a) 2b) 3c) 4d) 5Part 2: MatchingListen to the conversation and match the sentences to the pictures.9. _____ It's sunny today.10. _____ I'm going to the beach.WritingWrite an email to your friend about your favorite holiday destination. Include information about the weather, activities, and attractions in the area.Overall, the Pet exam is a comprehensive test of English language skills and is designed to assess the ability of non-native speakers to communicate effectively in English. By practicing with sample test papers like the one above, students can improve their English proficiency and increase their chances of success in the exam. Good luck!。
剑桥17听力test1题目
剑桥17听力test1题目摘要：1.剑桥17 听力test1 简介2.题目分类及难度分析3.剑桥17 听力test1 题目答案及解析正文：剑桥17 听力test1 简介剑桥17 听力test1 是剑桥雅思真题中的一套听力题目，其难度相较于剑16 有所上升，主要体现在词汇难度增加、题目总体较长、干扰信息增多。
该套题目包括了三个部分，即Section1、Section2 和Section3。
题目分类及难度分析Section1：以日常生活对话为主，考生需要根据对话内容完成相应的填空任务。
这一部分的难度相对较低，主要考查考生的听力理解和词汇掌握能力。
Section2：以生活场景描述为主，考生需要根据题目要求完成相应的选择题。
这一部分的难度适中，主要考查考生的听力理解、推理和判断能力。
Section3：以学术场景讨论为主，考生需要根据讲座内容完成相应的填空和选择题。
这一部分的难度较高，主要考查考生的听力理解、推理和速记能力。
剑桥17 听力test1 题目答案及解析由于篇幅原因，这里只提供部分题目的答案及解析。
以Section1 为例：1.题目：Anna Ventura?答案：Anna Ventura 是一位高级时装品牌，其风格简洁俐落，代表了纽约式风格。
解析：本题考查考生对名词的理解和推理能力。
通过听力材料中的关键词"ANNE KLEIN"和" senior fashion brand"，可以推断出Anna Ventura 也是一家高级时装品牌，且风格简洁俐落。
2.题目：Nina and George"s relationship?答案：Nina 和George 是朋友关系。
解析：本题考查考生对人物关系的理解能力。
通过听力材料中的关键词"glad you"re back"和"loads of people have phoned you"，可以推断出Nina 和George 是好友关系。
剑桥雅思15test1阅读解析
剑桥雅思15test1阅读解析
雅思考试是一个普遍被认可并且广泛使用的英语语言能力测试。
剑桥雅思15
是雅思考试的一套真题模拟试卷，其中的阅读部分对考生的阅读理解能力进行测试。
在剑桥雅思15test1阅读部分中，总共有三篇文章，每篇文章后面都附有11个
问题。
考生需要仔细阅读文章，并根据文章的细节和上下文回答问题。
第一篇文章讲述了关于对生态系统可能产生负面影响的一项研究。
文章首先介
绍了研究的目的和方法，然后详细描述了研究的结果和结论。
问题涉及到文章中的关键概念、数据解释和推理推断。
第二篇文章探讨了有关艺术品及其价值的一些观点。
文章列举了几个不同的观点，从不同的角度解释了艺术品的定义和价值。
考生需要根据文章中的信息确定不同观点的主张和作者的态度。
第三篇文章则介绍了关于艺术品保护的一项新技术。
文章描述了这项技术的原理、应用和可能的影响。
问题要求考生理解文章中的技术描述和讨论，并加以推理和解释。
剑桥雅思15test1的阅读部分要求考生具备快速阅读、理解和推理能力。
考生
需要通过仔细阅读、分析和解释文章中的信息，准确回答问题。
总之，剑桥雅思15test1阅读部分为考生提供了一系列与生态系统和艺术品有
关的文章，要求考生准确理解文章中的信息，并根据文章回答问题。
通过完成这些阅读任务，考生可以提高他们的阅读理解能力，为雅思考试做好充分准备。
剑桥雅思10test1写作真题及范文
剑桥雅思10test1写作真题及范文写作离不开练习和积累，下面小编给大家带来剑桥雅思10test1写作真题及范文，希望可以帮助大家。
剑桥雅思10test1写作task1范文+真题Task11.图表类型：饼图+饼图2.主体段时态：一般现在时3.题目要求：分别描述澳大利亚每个家庭的能源使用情况(饼图1)和温室气体排放情况(饼图2)，并将不同能源排放的温室气体量进行相关的对比4.描述重点：饼图1：描述energy use最大值 heating 42%; water heating 30%最小值 refrigeration 7%, lighting 4%, cooling饼图2：描述greenhouse gas emissions最大值 water heating 32%; other appliances 28%最小值 lighting 8%; cooling 3%对比1&2：图1中的最大值heating在图2中仅占15%剑桥雅思10test1写作task2范文+真题It is important for children to learn the difference between right and wrong at an early age. Punishment is necessary to help them learn this distinction.To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?What sort of punishment should parents and teachers be allowed to use to teach good behaviour to children?1.话题和题型分类教育类，同意不同意型2.题目分析孩子们在早期学习分辨是非很重要，对于学习分辨是非，惩罚是很重要的，你是否同意这种观点，并说明哪些惩罚你认为是可以允许的。
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与您分享怎么给表格添加背景图片以及打印表格背景图片的经验技巧，具体如下：
工具/原料
wps
方法/步骤
1. 1
第1步以这个表为例向您展示如何向表中添加背景图像。
单击上方菜单栏中的页面布局-背景图像，选择图片并将其插入表格中，这就实现了在表中插入背景图像。
2. 2
第2步如图所示点击打印预览。
我们可以看到表单的背景图像尚未在打印预览中打印出来。
那么该如何打印表单的背景图像呢？
3. 3
第3步我们可以使用表单的“照相机”功能将表单转换为图片样式打印。
首先，选择要导出图片的表区域，单击菜单栏中的“插入”-“照相机”，切换到表2，并在表格的空白位置拖出“照相机”图像。
照片拍摄的是刚刚选定的数据区域。
4. 4
第4步当表1中的数据被修改时，表2中的数据也会发生变化。
5. 5
第5步单击“打印预览”。
在打印预览中，可以看到预览中显示的窗体的背景图像，然后你就可以进行打印了，您学会了吗？
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