翻译4.5：名词性从句的翻译
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驾驶员在飞机失事之后还能活着，真是不可思议。
4) It is a matter of common experience that bodies
are lighter in water than they are in air.
物体在水中比在空气中轻，这是一种常识。
6
翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
discussions.
教授们和女生都发现，男孩子正在逐渐“接管”课堂讨论。
9
翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
3) It is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can by no means be compared with these processes.
许多人认为普通人的思维活动根本无法与这些过程相比。
4) It was thought that this drug was blown into the bedroom through a tube in the form of a fine powder which the sleeper breathed in.
青少年现在购物更多了，这就会使他们在光顾的商店里花钱多。
2) That aspect has to be weighed against the fact that they might not help your career plans.
但这些工作可能无助于你的择业规划，你必须在这两个方面权 衡一下。
这些组织指控海军的计划违背了保护动物不受虐待的
联邦法律。
11
翻译技巧——2. 宾语从句的翻译
2) But critics wonder if dolphins can be trusted to
guard nuclear weapons.
但是批评家们怀疑海豚是否能担负起守卫核武器的重任。
3) Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 REM without being damaged.
种方式发展起来的，诸如黑猩猩和大
猩猩一类的动物是否会形成一种更加 复杂的交流系统，都是现阶段人们研 究的课题。
3
翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
3) What accounts for other's success is some special secret or a
lucky break. But rarely is success so mysterious.
也可以变换顺序，翻译时主语从句置于句后: 1) It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people adversely.
显然，这种不安的感觉会对人们产生不利的影响。
2) It is certain that technology, especially computer technology, will rule our lives to a greater and greater degree.
别人的成功是源于某种特殊的奥秘或者某种机遇。但 成功是很少如此神秘的。
4
翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
1.2 代词“it”引导的主语从句的翻译方 法 这类主语从句翻译时可前可后。 例如， 按照主语在前的顺序翻译:
1) It doesn't make much
difference whether he attends
科学家有理由认为一个人能够忍受远远超过0.1雷姆的辐射
而不受伤害。
12
翻译技巧——2. 宾语从句的翻译
2.2 用“it”作形式宾语
译成汉语时按原文顺序翻译，但“it”不必译出。例如：
1) I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 o'clock in the morning.
一种疗法的关键不在于你领悟到什么或谈论了什么，而在于你做 了什么。
15
翻译技巧——4. 同位语从句的翻译
2. 同位语从句的翻译
同位语从句翻译成汉语时，可按照原文顺序翻译， 适增添某些动词，以使语言流畅。
1) But, until now, there has been no evidence that any bird could make the big leap to associating one sound exclusively with one object or quality.
偶尔有一些迹象表明它已掌握了更高级的概念，但佩珀伯 格博士对此很谨慎。
3) A year later, the father received a letter that one of his lost ships had been found and had arrived filled with merchandise for him.
3) Your abilities count, but the belief that you can succeed affects whether or not you will.
你的能力固然很重要，但是相信自己会成功的信念将影响你能 否获得成功。
18
翻译技巧——4. 同位语从句的翻译
增加“即”或“那就是”，或用冒号、破折号分 开。 1) This reinforced the idea that anything was possible, that I could do anything I wanted.
人们认为，这种药是被人通过一根管子以细粉的形式吹 入卧室，然后被睡着的人吸入的。
10
翻译技巧——2. 宾语从句的翻译
二、 宾语从句
2.1 以that, what, how等引导的宾语从句译成汉语时一
般不需要改变原文顺序。例如：
1) The groups charge that the Navy's plan violates federal laws that protect animals from being mistreated.
the meeting or not.
他参不参加会议没有多大关系。
5
翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
2) It is good news that our team has won the championship.
我们队得了冠军是好消息。
3) It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash.
然而到目前为止，还没有证据显示任何一种鸟已经实现了这 一飞跃：把某一个声音只与某种物体或特征联系起来。
16
翻译技巧——4. 同位语从句的翻译
2) There are occasional hints that he has grasped even more advanced concepts but Dr. Pepperberg is cautious.
治疗往往需要很长时间，原因之一是，一旦给予你安全保护 和帮助的一个疗程结束后，你重新又回到了原来的世界，那 儿你的熟人会诱惑你重蹈覆辙。
4) The most important part of any therapy is not what you understand or what you talk about, but what you do.
这进一步增强了我的想法：世上无难事，只要我想要做的事， 我都能够做到。
更严厉的批评认为，猿猴其实是在对他们的训练员们不自觉的 暗示作出反应。
14
翻译技巧——3. 表语从句的翻译
3) One of the reasons that therapy often takes so long is that, once you leave the safety and support of a session, you reenter the world where familiar people elicit the familiar reactions.
他想当然地认为自己能通过考试。
13
翻译技巧——3. 表语从句的翻译
三、 表语从句
英语表语从句翻译成汉语时可以按照原文顺序翻译。 1) And all I know is that my baby doesn’t hear a thing.
我只知道我的宝宝什么也听不见。
2) A more serious criticism is that the apes are responding to unconscious cues from their trainers.
一年后，父亲收到了一封信，信上说找到了他失踪的一条船， 船上满载货物，已经到港。
4) The scientists have been looking for evidence that Alex understands more complicated ideas.
科学家们一直在寻找证据来证明亚历克斯懂得更复杂的概念。
17
翻译技巧——4. 同位语从句的翻译
但在有些情况下，翻译时，同位语从句可以提前。 1) The fact that they are doing more shopping may result in their spending more money in stores they go to.
whether animals such as chimpanzees and gorillas can develop a more elaborate system of
communication are issues at present being
researched.
人类的语言是什么时候以及以何
8
翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
也可以在翻译时用人称做主语： 1) It never occurred to me that she was so dishonest.
我从未想到她这么不诚实。
2) It was observed by professors and women students
alike that the boys were "taking over" the classroom
我向他们讲清楚了，他们必须在上午10时前交论文。
2) You have all heard it repeated that men of science work
by means of induction and deduction.
你们都多次听说过, 科学家采用归纳法和演绎法进行工作。
3) He just took it for granted that he would pass the exam.
翻译技巧——名词性从句的翻译
名 词 性 从 句 的 翻 译
英语名词性从句主要包括主语从句、 宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。汉 语不存在类似结构，在翻译此类从句时，
可以基本按照英语语序处理。
1
翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
一、 主语从句
1.1 以what、whatever、whoever 等代词引导的主 语从句翻译时按原文顺序翻译。
可以肯定，技术将越来越多地主宰我们的生活，特别是
计算机技术。
7
翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
3) It was evident that to answer the letter he needed
something more than goodwill, ink, and paper.
很显然，要回复这封信，他需要的不只是好意、墨水和纸 张。
例如：
1) Whatever he saw and heard on his trip gave him a very deep impression. 他此行所见所闻都给他留下了深刻的印象。
2
翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
2) How and when human language developed and
4) It is a matter of common experience that bodies
are lighter in water than they are in air.
物体在水中比在空气中轻，这是一种常识。
6
翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
discussions.
教授们和女生都发现，男孩子正在逐渐“接管”课堂讨论。
9
翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
3) It is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can by no means be compared with these processes.
许多人认为普通人的思维活动根本无法与这些过程相比。
4) It was thought that this drug was blown into the bedroom through a tube in the form of a fine powder which the sleeper breathed in.
青少年现在购物更多了，这就会使他们在光顾的商店里花钱多。
2) That aspect has to be weighed against the fact that they might not help your career plans.
但这些工作可能无助于你的择业规划，你必须在这两个方面权 衡一下。
这些组织指控海军的计划违背了保护动物不受虐待的
联邦法律。
11
翻译技巧——2. 宾语从句的翻译
2) But critics wonder if dolphins can be trusted to
guard nuclear weapons.
但是批评家们怀疑海豚是否能担负起守卫核武器的重任。
3) Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 REM without being damaged.
种方式发展起来的，诸如黑猩猩和大
猩猩一类的动物是否会形成一种更加 复杂的交流系统，都是现阶段人们研 究的课题。
3
翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
3) What accounts for other's success is some special secret or a
lucky break. But rarely is success so mysterious.
也可以变换顺序，翻译时主语从句置于句后: 1) It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people adversely.
显然，这种不安的感觉会对人们产生不利的影响。
2) It is certain that technology, especially computer technology, will rule our lives to a greater and greater degree.
别人的成功是源于某种特殊的奥秘或者某种机遇。但 成功是很少如此神秘的。
4
翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
1.2 代词“it”引导的主语从句的翻译方 法 这类主语从句翻译时可前可后。 例如， 按照主语在前的顺序翻译:
1) It doesn't make much
difference whether he attends
科学家有理由认为一个人能够忍受远远超过0.1雷姆的辐射
而不受伤害。
12
翻译技巧——2. 宾语从句的翻译
2.2 用“it”作形式宾语
译成汉语时按原文顺序翻译，但“it”不必译出。例如：
1) I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 o'clock in the morning.
一种疗法的关键不在于你领悟到什么或谈论了什么，而在于你做 了什么。
15
翻译技巧——4. 同位语从句的翻译
2. 同位语从句的翻译
同位语从句翻译成汉语时，可按照原文顺序翻译， 适增添某些动词，以使语言流畅。
1) But, until now, there has been no evidence that any bird could make the big leap to associating one sound exclusively with one object or quality.
偶尔有一些迹象表明它已掌握了更高级的概念，但佩珀伯 格博士对此很谨慎。
3) A year later, the father received a letter that one of his lost ships had been found and had arrived filled with merchandise for him.
3) Your abilities count, but the belief that you can succeed affects whether or not you will.
你的能力固然很重要，但是相信自己会成功的信念将影响你能 否获得成功。
18
翻译技巧——4. 同位语从句的翻译
增加“即”或“那就是”，或用冒号、破折号分 开。 1) This reinforced the idea that anything was possible, that I could do anything I wanted.
人们认为，这种药是被人通过一根管子以细粉的形式吹 入卧室，然后被睡着的人吸入的。
10
翻译技巧——2. 宾语从句的翻译
二、 宾语从句
2.1 以that, what, how等引导的宾语从句译成汉语时一
般不需要改变原文顺序。例如：
1) The groups charge that the Navy's plan violates federal laws that protect animals from being mistreated.
the meeting or not.
他参不参加会议没有多大关系。
5
翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
2) It is good news that our team has won the championship.
我们队得了冠军是好消息。
3) It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash.
然而到目前为止，还没有证据显示任何一种鸟已经实现了这 一飞跃：把某一个声音只与某种物体或特征联系起来。
16
翻译技巧——4. 同位语从句的翻译
2) There are occasional hints that he has grasped even more advanced concepts but Dr. Pepperberg is cautious.
治疗往往需要很长时间，原因之一是，一旦给予你安全保护 和帮助的一个疗程结束后，你重新又回到了原来的世界，那 儿你的熟人会诱惑你重蹈覆辙。
4) The most important part of any therapy is not what you understand or what you talk about, but what you do.
这进一步增强了我的想法：世上无难事，只要我想要做的事， 我都能够做到。
更严厉的批评认为，猿猴其实是在对他们的训练员们不自觉的 暗示作出反应。
14
翻译技巧——3. 表语从句的翻译
3) One of the reasons that therapy often takes so long is that, once you leave the safety and support of a session, you reenter the world where familiar people elicit the familiar reactions.
他想当然地认为自己能通过考试。
13
翻译技巧——3. 表语从句的翻译
三、 表语从句
英语表语从句翻译成汉语时可以按照原文顺序翻译。 1) And all I know is that my baby doesn’t hear a thing.
我只知道我的宝宝什么也听不见。
2) A more serious criticism is that the apes are responding to unconscious cues from their trainers.
一年后，父亲收到了一封信，信上说找到了他失踪的一条船， 船上满载货物，已经到港。
4) The scientists have been looking for evidence that Alex understands more complicated ideas.
科学家们一直在寻找证据来证明亚历克斯懂得更复杂的概念。
17
翻译技巧——4. 同位语从句的翻译
但在有些情况下，翻译时，同位语从句可以提前。 1) The fact that they are doing more shopping may result in their spending more money in stores they go to.
whether animals such as chimpanzees and gorillas can develop a more elaborate system of
communication are issues at present being
researched.
人类的语言是什么时候以及以何
8
翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
也可以在翻译时用人称做主语： 1) It never occurred to me that she was so dishonest.
我从未想到她这么不诚实。
2) It was observed by professors and women students
alike that the boys were "taking over" the classroom
我向他们讲清楚了，他们必须在上午10时前交论文。
2) You have all heard it repeated that men of science work
by means of induction and deduction.
你们都多次听说过, 科学家采用归纳法和演绎法进行工作。
3) He just took it for granted that he would pass the exam.
翻译技巧——名词性从句的翻译
名 词 性 从 句 的 翻 译
英语名词性从句主要包括主语从句、 宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。汉 语不存在类似结构，在翻译此类从句时，
可以基本按照英语语序处理。
1
翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
一、 主语从句
1.1 以what、whatever、whoever 等代词引导的主 语从句翻译时按原文顺序翻译。
可以肯定，技术将越来越多地主宰我们的生活，特别是
计算机技术。
7
翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
3) It was evident that to answer the letter he needed
something more than goodwill, ink, and paper.
很显然，要回复这封信，他需要的不只是好意、墨水和纸 张。
例如：
1) Whatever he saw and heard on his trip gave him a very deep impression. 他此行所见所闻都给他留下了深刻的印象。
2
翻译技巧——1. 主语从句的翻译
2) How and when human language developed and