祈使句语法及练习题

祈使句

祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，

句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。

1. 肯定的祈使句

（1）动词原形+其他

Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。

（2）Be + n./adj.

Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心 / 当心！

（3）Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分

Let me help you. 让我来帮你。 Let’s go to school together. 咱们一起上学去吧

。 2. 否定的祈使句

(1) Don't + 动词原形

Don't stand up. 别站起来。

Don't be careless. 别粗心。

Don't let them play with fire. 别让他们玩火。

（2）Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。

Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。 Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。（3）no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。

No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼!

3. 祈使句的强调形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词Do。

例如：Do shut up! 快住口！

4. 祈使句的回答祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般

用 will或won’t。

在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点：

1)形式一致(即Yes与will保持一致；No与won’t保持一致)

2)意思相反(即Yes是“不”的意思；No是“是”的意思)。在回答时，要注意分析上

下文语境中所提供的条件。

如：--- Don’t go out, please. It’s raining heavily outside. 请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。 ---- Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport. 不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。

5. 祈使句的反意疑问句

(1) 肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will you 或won't you。 Please open the door, will/ won’t you? 请把门打开，好吗？

(2) 否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用will you。 Don't be late again, will you? 别再迟到了，行不行？

(3) 以let's开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shall we。 Let's turn on the TV, shall we? 我们把电视打开，好吗？

<特别注意> 只有以let's开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用shall we，而let us 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为will you或won't you.如：Let us stay here, will/ won't you? 请（你）让我们留在这好吗？

祈使句专项练习

一. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

an important meeting. _________________ (not, be )late.

1. It’ｓ

2. ________________ (not,make) any nise! Your mother is sleeping.

3. ________________ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and _________ (be) polite.

4. ________________ ( not, talk) and ____________ (read) aloud.

5. _______________ (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry.

6. ________________ (look) out! A car is coming.

7. _______________ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like

. 8. ________________ (not, let) the baby cry.

9. Wear more clothes or you ____________ (catch) a cold.

10. Let’s _______________ (not, say) anything about it.

二、单项选择

1. The TV is too loud. Please________.

A. turn it down

B. to turn it down

C. turn down it

D. to turn down it

2. _______ late again, Bill!

A. Don't to be

B. Don't be

C. Not be

D. Be not

3. ___ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. A. Not B. Won't C. Doesn't D. Don't

4. Please help me carry it, ______?

A. will I

B. will you

C. shall I

D. shall we

5. Don't make so much noise, ______?

A. will you

B. won't you

C. shall we

D. do you

6. Do you know the girl ______under the tree?

A. stand

B. to stand

C. standing

D. stood

7. Kate, _______ your homework here tomorrow.

A. bring

B. brings

C. to bring

D. bringing

8. ________ me the truth, or I'll be angry.

A. Telling

B. To tell

C. Told

D. Tell

9. I've kept the dog _______Maomao for a long time. A. Name B. named C. naming D. to

name

10. Don't you know that __ is good for our health? A. swimB. swimming C. swam D. swims

D No

C Can’ｔ

11 .Her doctor said: “________work so hard” A Stop B Don’ｔ

12. Sindy, ________ to be here at 8 o’clock A is sure B is sure that C will be sure D b

e sure

13.________ when you cross the road.

A Do care

B Care

C Do be careful

D To be careful

14. ________him the secret, will you?

A Don’ｔ

tell B Not to tell C Not telling D No telling

bad for your eyes.

15. ________ in bed. It’ｓ

read C Don’ｔto read D Not read

A Not to read

B Don’ｔ

16. ________ Your child. We’lllook after him.

A Not to worry about

B Don’ｔworry about

C Not worry for

D Don’ｔworry with

17.They are very tired. Why ________ have a rest?