农田自动灌溉系统单片机硬件系统

目录

摘要.............................................................................................................................................................. I Abstract .......................................................................................................................................................... II 第一章绪论 (1)

1.1项目背景 (1)

1.2国外研究现状 (1)

1.3国内研究现状 (2)

1.4设计任务与要求 (3)

第二章硬件设计元器件的选择 (4)

2.1单片机——at89c51 (4)

2.1.1单片机简介 (4)

2.1.2 A T89C51管脚说明 (5)

2.2液晶显示——lcd1602a (7)

2.2.1液晶显示器简介 (7)

2.2.2 1602LCD的基本参数及引脚功能 (7)

2.2.3 1602LCD的指令说明及时序 (9)

2.3 温度传感器——ds18b20 (10)

2.4 湿度传感器——HIH-4000 (12)

2.5 模数转换——adc0809 (13)

第三章单片机硬件设计 (15)

3.1 系统整体框图 (15)

3.2 硬件部分模块介绍 (15)

3.2.1 时钟电路和复位电路的设计 (15)

3.2.2 模数转换电路 (16)

3.2.3 液晶显示电路 (17)

第四章PCB结构设计 (18)

4.1 PCB设计平台 (18)

4.2原理图的设计 (18)

4.3 PCB的绘制 (21)

第五章系统调试与实现 (25)

5.1 软件仿真 (25)

5.2 硬件仿真 (26)

5.3 硬件调试 (26)

结论 (28)

致谢 (29)

参考文献 (30)

附录一外文翻译—英语原文 (31)

附录二外文翻译—中文译文 (35)

附录三毕业设计任务书 (38)

附录四毕业设计开题报告 (40)

附录五proteus硬件设计图 (40)

附录六protel电路设计图 (41)

附录七程序代码 (42)

摘要

现如今我国大部分地区农田的灌溉还停留在传统的模式上，传统的灌溉模式自动化程度较低，基本上属人工操作，不仅效率低，还不能很好的控制灌水量，对人力物力造成了极大的浪费。为了提高灌溉效率，缩短劳动时间和节约水资源，必须发展自动灌溉技术。

农田自动灌溉系统是进行田间管理的有效手段和工具，它可提高操作准确性，有利于灌溉过程的科学管理，降低对操作者本身素质的要求，除了能大大减少劳动量，更重要的是能准确、定时、定量、高效的给作物自动补充水分，以提高产量、质量、节水、节能。

本设计针对不同的植物类型，土壤状况，天气情况等，利用LabVIEW技术进行灌溉模式优化和自动控制。硬件部分的设计主要针对农田进行温度和湿度的采集。采集的过程是个动态的过程，把采集到的两路温度和一路湿度实时显示在液晶上。最后把采集到的数据通过无线模块发送给pc机，给人以直观的印显示，实现很好的人机交互。

关键词：农田；灌溉；自动控制；单片机

The automatic Farmland irrigation system——Hardware design

Abstract

Now most of our areas of farmland irrigation is still stuck in the traditional mode, which caused great waste of manpower and resources. Traditional mode of irrigation low degree of automation, is basically a manual operation, not only inefficient, and can not control the irrigation amount. In order to improve irrigation efficiency, shorten labor time and save water resources, the development of automatic irrigation technology.

The farmland automatic irrigation system is an effective means of field management and tools, it can improve the accuracy of operation, the scientific management of the irrigation process, reduce the requirements on the quality of the operator, can greatly reduce the amount of labor and, more importantly, heaccurate , time, quantitative, and efficient to crop automatically add moisture to improve yield, quality, saving water and energy.

The design for different plant types, soil conditions, weather conditions, which use the LabVIEW technology optimization and automatic control of irrigation mode. The Hardware design for farmland acquisition of temperature and humidity. The acquisition process is a dynamic process, and collected temperature and one humidity which are shown in real time on the LCD,. Finally, the collected data sent by the wireless module to the pc machine,giving the visual impression, good man-machine communication.

key words: Farmland; Irrigation; Automatic control; Single chip microcomputer.