研究生综合英语翻译答案

Unit 1
1. Through language we can share experiences, formulate values, exchange ideas, transmit knowledge, and sustain culture.
1. 通过语言，我们可以分享经验、阐明价值观念、交流思想、传播知识和传承文化。

2. Metaphor is an implicit comparison between things that are different yet have something in common.
2. 暗喻是一种隐性的比喻，它能够把两个形式不同但是有一些共同之处的事物联系在一起。

3. In fact, the skillful use of supporting materials often makes the difference between a good speech and a poor one.
3. 实际上，熟练地使用论据经常是区别一篇优秀演说词和一篇空洞演说词的关键所在。

4. To be more effective, though, the examples you cite for your speech should be vivid and richly textured.
4. 为了使表达更加富有效果，你演说中的举例应该生动活泼，丰富多彩。

5. Extended examples — often called illustrations, narratives, or anecdotes — are longer and more detailed.
5. 扩展性的例子——描述、叙述或者奇闻轶事——通常长一些，但更具体。

6. Hypothetical examples describe imaginary situations and can be quite effective for relating ideas to the audience.
6. 虚拟性的例子描述想像中的情形，能够十分有效地将演说者的思想传达给听众。

7. Statistics can be extremely helpful in conveying your message, as long as you use them sparingly and explain them so they are meaningful to your audience.
7. 只要演说者对于统计数据用之得当并且加以解释，这些数据将有助于有效地传达信息，听众也能从统计数据中获益匪浅。

8. Citing the views of people who are experts is a good way to make your ideas more credible.
8. 引用那些权威的观点对于增加演说者观点的可信度来说是一种好方法。

9. Words are the tools of a speaker's craft. They have special uses, just like the tools of any other profession.
9. 语言是演说者展示才能的工具。

对于他们来说，如同其他职业的工具一样，语言也有特殊的功用。

10. There are four basic methods of delivering a speech: reading verbatim from a manuscript, reciting a memorized text, speaking with PowerPoint, and speaking extemporaneously or impromptu.
10. 演说的表达方式基本上有四种：通读手稿中的段落，复述背诵过的一段文章，幻灯片辅助的演说，即兴发挥的演说。

Unit 3
1. He's the last guy you want to see in your rear-view mirror when you're speeding down the highway.
1. 他是你在高速公路上疾驰时最不愿意在后视镜里看见的人。

2. The bottom line, according to the research published in the June 28 issue of The Lancet, is that traffic tickets save lives.
2. 根据6月28日发表在《柳叶刀》上的研究，最根本的一点就是交通罚单能救命。

3. Their 1998 study caused a stir when they linked cell phone usage to traffic accidents.
3. 他们俩1998年的研究引起了轰动，当时他们认为打手机与交通事故有关联。

4. The full driving record of every licensed driver there was made available to them, warts and all, giving the researchers a huge database of more than 10 million licensed drivers.
4. 他们在那儿能看到每个有驾照的人的全部记录，这样他们就有了一个良莠具存的超过一千万个持照司机的巨大数据库。

5. "What we found was that there were fewer tickets in the month before a fatal accident than there were a year before, and that suggests there's a protective effect of having a ticket."
5. “我们发现出严重事故前一个月的罚单要比前一年同一个月的罚单少，这说明罚单有保护作用。

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6.They also found that the "relative risk reduction associated with traffic convictions was remarkably consistent among subgroups of licensed drivers," ...
6. 他们还发现“在有驾照的那组司机中拿到罚单后的事故减少率的持续性是显著的，”……
7. The researchers also addressed the commonly held belief that traffic citations cause more accidents than they prevent because so many people are killed during police chases.
7. 研究者们还澄清了一种普遍的看法：交通罚单引起的交通事故比防止的多，因为很多人是在警察追他们时丧生的。

8. The statistics do not include Ontario drivers who may have been involved in a fatal accident somewhere outside that province.
8. 统计数字不包括有可能在省外某地出严重交通事故的安大略省司机。

9. But the statistics suggest a correlation between the number of citations and the number of fatalities.
9. 但是数据显示交通罚单的数量和死亡率之间呈相关性。

10. Most crashes are unintended, unexpected, and could have been prevented by a small difference in driver behavior.
10. 大多数事故是无意的，意料之外的，只要司机在驾驶上稍有不同就能避免。

Unit 6
1. But before New Yorkers become too full of themselves, it might be worthwhile to glance at dilapidated Kaifeng in central China.
1. 然而趁纽约人还没过度踌躇满志之前，不妨对华夏中原那座破落的开封城回眸一瞥。

2. As expressed in this column's headline — translated from Chinese, a language of the future that more Americans should start learning — "glory is as ephemeral as smoke and clouds."
2. 以广大的美国人民都应学习的未来的语言表达出来，一如前面的中文标题说所示：“辉煌如过眼烟云。

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3. But if you look back at the sweep of history, it's striking how fleeting supremacy is, particularly for individual cities.
3. 然而当我们对历史的洪流稍作回顾，便会惊觉世界的霸权是多么短暂，尤其是对各个城市而言。

4. An ancient painted scroll, now in the Palace Museum in Beijing, shows the bustle and prosperity of ancient Kaifeng.
4. 目前珍藏在北京故宫博物院的一幅古老卷轴，上面画的是古都开封的热闹与繁荣。

5. Many local people insisted that China is on course to bounce back and recover its historic role as world leader.
5. 许多当地百姓却都强调中国正在复兴，而且很快就能恢复它世界领导者的历史角色。

6. The United States has had the biggest economy in the world for more than a century, but most projections show that China will surpass it in about 15 years, as measured by purchasing power parity.
6. 美国作为全世界最大的经济体已经超过一个世纪了，然而大多数的预测都显示：如果用购买力比率来估计，中国将在大约十五年之内超越美国。

7. But then China came to scorn trade and commerce, and per capita income stagnated for 600 years.
7. 但是后来中国却鄙弃了贸易与商业，国民平均所得因而停滞了六百年。

8. A second lesson is the danger of hubris, for China concluded it had nothing to learn from the rest of the world — and that was the beginning of the end.
8. 第二个教训就是傲慢自大的危险。

由于当初中国断定它不可能从别国学到任何东西，它的衰败从此开始了。

9. And Americans' lack of interest in the world contrasts with the restlessness, drive and determination that are again pushing China to the forefront.
9. 而美国人民对外部世界没什么兴趣，这又与凭借着自强不息、冲劲与决心而逐渐向世界舞台中央挺进的中国形成了对比。

10. For if they rest on their laurels, even a city as great as New York may end up as Kaifeng-on-the-Hudson.
10. 因为如果他们只是一味沉醉于既有的成就而裹足不前的话，即使伟大如纽约市也可能有朝一日沦为哈德逊河上的开封城。