大学英语四级新题型样卷-(1)

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英语四级新题型考试模拟试题1答案与解析

洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌答案与解析Part ⅠWritingAid Education in ChinaEach year, college students, encouraged to aid students in the poverty—stricken areas, volunteer themselves in poor villages for a year and try to improve education in poor areas.Aid—education has been beneficial in two aspects. On the one hand, college volunteers are really devoted to the cause. They have opened the eyes of students in underdeveloped regions to the outside world by bringing them new knowledge and thoughts. As a result, they are extremely well—received by the children there. On the other hand, college students have received a rigorous training by adapting to the harsh living conditions. They are enjoying the appreciation and no—distance friendship from the children. What's more, they are greatly inspired by the moving and tireless spirit of the children.In my opinion, China's educational development can't be isolated from each individual and we college students should take the lead in response to the appeal for offering aid to children in poor areas.Part ⅡReading Comprehension （Skimming and Scanning）1. Y. 该句句意为:巨大河流改道水利工程导致咸海缩小。

英语四级听力新题型模拟听写训练

英语四级听力新题型模拟听写训练:第1套-短篇新闻(1)Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.Recently, a photo showing a visitor on the Great Wall last week aroused a heated discussion on the Internet. They called it the "great queue of China". It was, with the famous structure snaking to the horizon behind him completely hidden by a mass of other tourists. The vast imperial palace, the Forbidden City, at one point welcomed more than 180,000 visitors in a single day. In the desert at Dunhuang, at least two camels transporting tourists reportedly died from overwork in the Golden Week. And Chinese media said road traffic was up by thirteen percent on last year, causing unprecedented jams.英语四级听力新题型模拟听写训练(第1套) 短篇新闻(2)Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.These days, German government has been criticized for not doing enough to commemorate the 100th anniversary of World War I.Germany has spent less on events than some other European countries.And the events which have taken place have been seen as half-hearted by critics.Traditionally in Germany the First World War is overshadowed by the Second World War. History teaching in German schools tends to focus on the crimes of the Nazis rather than what happened a generation earlier.And since 1945 there's been a strong aversion in Germany to anything that might be seen as glorifying militarism.So many people here are uncomfortable with any anniversary of a war or a battle.There's still some disagreement among historians about who was responsible for World War I. But having spent the last 70 years making up for Nazi guilt,many Germans have little appetite to now take on the blame for the First World War, too. Question 3.What makes the German government be criticized recently?Question 4.What's the attitude of German people towards militarism?问题3和问题4是基于下面这则新闻的。

新题型大学英语四级教程--答案解析

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3. TheLackofIndependenceamongCollegeStudents
Thepicturedepictsacollegefreshmanwalkingintothecampusproudlywithasmallschool bagfollowedbyhisparentscarryingveryheavythingsontheirbacks.Itpresentsacommon phenomenonin present China.Thatis,mostcollegestudents,asthesolechildren oftheir families,takeforgrantedtheirexcessivedependenceupontheirparents.
专项练习及模拟题答案及详解
写作专项练习参考范文
专
项
(一 )图画作文
练
习
1.
及
ParentsAretheBestTeachersforChildren
模拟
Asispresentedintheabovepicture,whileayoung motheriswashinghermother’sfeet,
题答
herlittleboycomestofanher.Thelittleboyfollowshismother’sexampleofrespectingthe 案
eldersanddoessomethingtohelp.Thepicturevividlytellsusthatparentsarethebestteachers

大学英语4级听力新题型15套试题

大学英语4级听力新题型15套试题第一套试题Part A听力原文Text 1M: Hey, Susan. I heard you went on vacation last week. How was it?W: Oh, it was amazing! I went to Hawaii with my family. We stayed at a beautiful resort right on the beach. The weather was perfect, and we did a lot of fun activities like swimming, snorkeling, and hiking.Q: Where did Susan go on vacation?选项A. CaliforniaB. HawaiiC. FloridaD. New York答案B. HawaiiPart B听力原文Text 2M: Hi Emily. I’m thinking about getting a new car. Do you have any recommendations?W: Well, what kind of car are you looking for? Do you want something small and fuel-efficient, or something spacious and comfortable?M: I’m looking for something reliable and fuel-efficient. Something I can use for my daily commute to work.Q: What kind of car is the man looking for?选项A. Small and fuel-efficientB. Spacious and comfortableC. Reliable and fuel-efficientD. Fast and sporty答案C. Reliable and fuel-efficient第二套试题Part A听力原文Text 1W: John, I’m really tired of eating fast food every day. Do you know any good places to get healthy food?M: Well, there’s a new salad bar that just opened downtown. They have a wide variety of fresh vegetables and delicious salad dressings.Q: What does the man recommend for healthy food?选项A. Fast foodB. A salad barC. A pizza placeD. A burger joint答案B. A salad barPart B听力原文Text 2M: Mary, I’m planning a trip to Europe this summer. Do you have any advice on what to pack?W: Well, it depends on which countries you’re visiting and what kind of weather you can expect. But in general, you should bring lightweight clothing, comfortable shoes, and a jacket in case of rain.Q: What should the man bring on his trip to Europe?选项A. Heavy winter clothingB. Formal attireC. Lightweight clothingD. Swimming trunks答案C. Lightweight clothing第三套试题Part A听力原文Text 1M: Sarah, have you heard about the new movie that’s coming out next week?W: Yes, I saw the trailer. It looks really exciting. I’m definitely going to see it.Q: What do the speakers plan to do?选项A. Watch a new movieB. Go on a tripC. Visit a museumD. Read a book答案A. Watch a new moviePart B听力原文Text 2W: Chris, I have a problem. I ordered a new dress online, but it doesn’t fit me properly. What should I do?M: Well, you could try contacting the customer service of the online store and see if they offer any return or exchange options.Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?选项A. Keep the dressB. Alter the dressC. Contact customer serviceD. Give the dress away答案C. Contact customer service…..（请注意：以上内容是基于AI模型创作的虚拟信息，仅供参考）。

大学英语四级新题型及部分样题共27页

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Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai’s Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculty, postdoctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend videoconference seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xu’s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U.S. team.

2023年8月英语专业四级改革样卷新题型

2023年8月英语专业四级改革新题型（样卷）PART 1 DICTATION [10 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 1 minute to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the talk. When it is over, you will be given TWO minutes to complete your work.SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear two conversations. At the end of each conversation, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, youshould read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have thirty seconds to preview the questions.Now, listen to the conversations.Conversation One.1. A. The return trip is too expensive.B . There is no technology to get people back.C. People don’t want to return.D. The return trip is too risky.2. A. Intelligence.B. Health.C. Skills.D. Calmness.3. A. The kind of people suitable for the trip.B. Interests and hobbies of the speakers.C. Recruitment of people for the trip.D. Preparation for the trip to Mars.…Conversation Two6. A. Going to the high street. B. Visiting everyday shops.C. Buying things like electrical goods.D. Visiting shops and buying online.7. A. 3%. B. 33%.C. 42%.D. 24%.8. A. They want to know more about pricing.B. They can return the product later.C. They want to see the real thing first.D. They can bargain for a lower shop price.…PART III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.11.When you have finished with that book, don’t forget to put it back on the shelf, ______?A. don’t youB. do youC. will youD. won’t you12.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. Only one out of six were present at the meeting.B. Ten dollars was stolen from the cash register.C. Either my sister or my brother is coming.D. Five miles seem like a long walk to me.13.It is not so much the language ______ the cultural background that makes the film difficult tounderstand.A. butB. norC. likeD. as14.There is no doubt ______ the committee has made the right decision on the housing project.A. whyB. thatC. whetherD. when15.If you explained the situation to your lawyer, he ______ able to advise you much better than Ican.A. will beB. wasC. would beD. were16.Which of the following is a stative verb (静态动词)?A. Drink.B. Close.C. Rain.D. Belong.17.Which of the following italicized parts indicates a subject-verb relation?A. The man has a large family to support.B. She had no wish to quarrel with her brother.C. He was the last guest to leave.D. Mary needs a friend to talk to.18.Which of the following is INCORRECT?A. Another two girls.B. Few words.C. This work.D. A bit of flowers.19.When one has good health, ______ should feel fortunate.A. youB. sheC. heD. we20.There ______ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier.A. to beB. to have beenC. beD. being21.Bottles from this region sell ______ at about $50 a case.A. entirelyB. totallyC. wholesaleD. together22.The product contains no ______ colours, flavours, or preservatives.A. fakeB. artificialC. falseD. wrong23.______ and business leaders were delighted at the decision to hold the national motor fair inthe city.A. CivilB. CivilizedC. CivilianD. Civic24.The city council is planning a huge road-building programme to ease congestion. Theunderlined part means ______.A. calmB. relieveC. comfortD. still25.His unfortunate appearance was offset by an attractive personality. The underlines part meansall the following EXCEPT ______.A. improvedB. made up forC. balancedD. compensated for26.The doctor said that the gash in his cheek required ten stitches. The underlined part means______.A.B.C.D.27.During the economic crisis, they had to cut back production and ______ workers.A. lay offB. lay intoC. lay downD. lay aside28.To mark its one hundredth anniversary, the university held a series of activities includingconferences, film shows, etc. The underlined part means ______.A. signifyB. celebrateC. symbolizeD. suggest29.His fertile mind keeps turning out new ideas. The underlined part means ______.A. abundantB. unbelievableC. productiveD. generative30.These issues were discussed at length during the meeting. The underlined part means ______.A. eventuallyB. subsequentlyC. lastlyD. fullyPART IV CLOZE [10 MIN]Decide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET TWO.A. asB. aimlessC. botherD. fastE. flightsF. helplessG. labor-savingH. levels I. money-saving J. pause K. quite L. stand by M. standstillN. traffic O. trappedElectricity is such a part of our everyday lives and so much taken for granted nowadays that we rarely think twice when we switch on the light or turn on the TV set. At night, roads are brightly lit, enabling people and (31) ______ to move freely. Neon lighting used in advertising has become part of the character of every modern city. In the home, many (32) ______ devices are powered by electricity. Even when we turn off the bedside lamp and are (33) ______ asleep, electricity is still working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned. Every day, trains and subways take us to and from work. We rarely (34) ______ to consider why or how they run—until something goes wrong．In the summer of 1959, something did go wrong with power-plant that provided New York with electricity. For a great many hours, life came almost to a (35) ______. Trains refused to move and the people in them sat in the dark, powerless to do anything; lifts stopped working, so that even if you were lucky enough not to be (36) ______ between two floors, you had the unpleasant task of finding your way down (37) ______of stairs．Famous streets like Broadway and Fifth Avenue in an instant becameas gloomy and uninviting (38) ______ the most remote back streets. People were afraid to leave their houses, for although the police had been ordered to (39) ______ in case of emergency. they were just as confused and (40) ______ as anybody else.PART V READING COMPREHENSION [35 MIN]SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONEInundated by more information than we can possibly hold in our heads, we’re increasingly handing off the job of remembering to search engines and smart phones. Google is even reportedly working on eyeglasses that could one day recognize faces and supply details about whoever you’re looking at. But new research shows that outsourcing our memory –and expecting that information will be continually and instantaneously available – is changing our cognitive habits. Research conducted by Betsy Sparrow, an assistant professor of psychology at Columbia University, has identified three new realities about how we process information in the Internet age. First, her experiments showed that when we don’t know the answer to a question, we now think about where we can find the nearest Web connection instead of the subject of the question itself. A second revelation is that when we expect to be able to find in formation again later on, we don’t remember it as well as when we think it might become unavailable. And then there is the researchers’ final observation: the expectation that we’ll he able to locate information down the line leads us to form a memory not of the fact itself but of where we’ll be able to find it.But this handoff comes with a downside. Skills like critical thinking and analysis must develop in the context of facts: we need something to think and reason about, after all. And these factsc an’t be Googled as we go; they need to be stored in the original hard drive, our long-term memory. Especially in the case of children, “factual knowledge must precede skill,” says Daniel Willingham, a professor of psychology, at the University of Virginia – meaning that the days of drilling the multiplication table and memorizing the names of the Presidents aren’t over quite yet. Adults, too, need to recruit a supply of stored knowledge in order to situate and evaluate new information they encounter. You ca n’t Google context.Last, there’s the possibility, increasingly terrifying to contemplate, that our machines will fail us. As Sparrow puts it, “The experience of losing our Internet connection becomes more and more like losing a friend.” If you’re going to keep your memory on your smart phone, better make sure it’s fully charged.41. Google’s eyeglasses are supposed to ____.A. improve our memoryB. function like memoryC. help us see faces betterD. work like smart phones42. Which of the following statements about Sparrow’s research is CORRECT?A. We remember people and things as much as before.B. We remember more Internet connections than before.C. We pay equal attention to location and content of information.D. We tend to remember location rather than the core of facts.43. What is the implied message of the author?A. Web connections aid our memory.B. People differ in what to remember.C. People keep memory on smart phones.D. People need to exercise their memory.PASSAGE TWOI was a second-year medical student at the university, and was on my second day of rounds at a nearby hospital. My university’s philosophy was to get students seeing patients early in their education. Nice idea, but it overlooked one detail: second-year students know next to nothing about medicine.Assigned to my team that day was an attending – a senior faculty member who was there mostly to make patients feel they weren’t in the hands of amateurs. Many attendings were researchers who didn’t have much recent hos pital experience. Mine was actually an arthritis specialist. Also along was a resident (the real boss, with a staggering mastery of medicine, at least to a rookie like myself). In addition there were two interns(住院实习医生). These guys were just as green as I was，but in a scarier way: they had recently graduated from the medical school, so they were technically MDs.I began the day at 6:30am. An intern and I did a quick check of our eight patients; later, we were to present our findings to the resident and then to the attending. I had three patients and the intern had the other five - piece of cake.But when I arrived in the room of 71-year-old Mr. Adams，he was sitting up in bed, sweating heavily and panting (喘气). He’d just had a hip operation and looked terrible. I listened to his lungs with my stethoscope, but they sounded clear. Next I checked the log of his vital signs and saw that his respiration and heart rate had been climbing, but his temperature was steady. It didn’t seem like heart failure, nor did it appear to be pneumonia. So I asked Mr. Adams what he thought was going on.“It’s really hot in here, Doc,” he replied.So I attributed his condition to the stuffy room and told him the rest of the team would return in a few hours. He smiled and feebly waved goodbye.At 8:40 am., during our team meeting, “Code Blue Room 307!” blared from the loudspeaker.I froze.That was Mr. Adams’s room.When we arrived, he was motionless.The autopsy (尸体解剖) later found Mr. Adams had suffered a massive pulmonary embolism (肺部栓塞). A blood clot had formed in his leg, worked its way to his lungs, and cut his breathing capacity in half. His symptoms had been textbook: heavy perspiration and shortness of breath despite clear lungs. The only thin g was: I hadn’t read that chapter in the textbook yet. And I was too scared, insecure, and proud to ask a real doctor for help.This mistake has haunted me for nearly 30 years, but what’s particularly frustrating is that the same medical education system persists. Who knows how many people have died or suffered harm at the hands of students as naïve as I, and how many more will?44. We learn that the author’s team members had _____.A. much practical experienceB. adequate knowledgeC. long been working thereD. some professional deficiency45. “His symptoms had been textbook” means that his symptoms were ______.A. part of the textbookB. no longer in the textbookC. recently included in the textbookD. explained in the textbook46. At the end of the passage, the author expresses ____ about the medical education systemA. optimismB. hesitationC. concernD. supportPASSAGE THREEThe war on smoking, now five decades old and counting, is one of the nation’s greatest public health success stories – but not for everyone.As a whole, the country has made amazing progress. In 1964, four in ten adults in the US smoked; today fewer than two in ten do. But some states – Kentucky, South Dakota and Alabama, to name just a few – seem to have missed the message that smoking is deadly.Their failure is the greatest disappointment in an effort to save lives that was started on Jan. 11, 1964, by the first Surgeon General’s Report on Smoking and Health. Its finding that smoking is a cause of lung cancer and other diseases was major news then. The hazards of smoking were just starting to emerge.The report led to cigarette warning labels, a ban on TV ads and eventually an anti-smoking movement that shifted the nation’s attitude on smoki ng. Then, smokers were cool. Today, many are outcasts, rejected by restaurants, bars, public buildings and even their own workplaces. Millions of lives have been saved.The formula for success is no longer guesswork: Adopt tough warning labels, air public service ads, fund smoking cessation programs and impose smoke-free laws. But the surest way to prevent smoking, particularly among price-sensitive teens, is to raise taxes. If you can stop them from smoking, you’ve won the war. Few people start smoking after turning 19.The real-life evidence of taxing power is powerful. The 10 states with the lowest adult smoking rates slap an average tax of $2.42 on every pack – three times the average tax in the states with the highest smoking rates.New York has the highest cigarette tax in the country, at $4.35 per pack, and just 12 percent of teens smoke, far below the national average of 18 percent. Compare that with Kentucky, where taxes are low (60 cents), smoking restrictions are weak and the teen smoking rate is double New York’s. Other low-tax states have similarly dismal records.Enemies of high tobacco taxes cling to the tired argument that they fall disproportionately on the poor. True, but so do the deadly effects of smoking – far worse than a tax. The effect of the taxes is amplified further when the revenue is used to fund initiatives that help smokers quit or persuade teens not to start.Anti-smoking forces have plenty to celebrate this week, having helped avoid 8 million premature deaths in the past 50 years. But as long as 3,000 adolescents and teens take their first puff each day, the war is not won.47. According to the context, “Their failure” refers to _____.A. those adults who continue to smokeB. those states that missed the messageC. findings of the reportD. hazards of smoking48. What is the passage mainly about?A. How to stage anti-smoking campaigns.B. The effects of the report on smoking and health.C. Tax as the surest path to cut smoking.D. The efforts to cut down on teenage smoking.PASSAGE FOURAttachment Parenting is not Indulgent Parenting. Attachment parents do not “spoil” their children. Spoiling is done when a child is given everything that they want regardless of what they need and regardless of what is practical. Indulgent parents give toys for tantrums(发脾气), ice cream for breakfast. Attachment parents don’t give their children everything that they want, they give their children everything that they need. Attachment parents believe that love and comfort are free and necessary. Not sweets or toys.Attachment Parenting is not “afraid of tears” parenting. Our kids cry. The difference is that we understand that tantrums and tears come from emotions and not manipulation. And our children understand this too. They cry and have tantrums sometimes, of course. But they do this because their emotions are so overwhelming that they need to get it out. They do not expect to be “rewarded” for their strong negative emotions; they simply expect that we will listen. We pick up our babies when they cry, and we respond to the tears of our older children because we believe firmly that comfort is free, love is free, and that when a child has need for comfort and love, it isour job to provide those things. We are not afraid of tears. We don’t avoid them. We hold our children through them and teach them that when they are hurt or frustrated we are here to comfort them and help them work through their emotions.Attachment Parenting is not Clingy Parenting. I do not cling to my children. In fact, I’m pretty free-range. As soon as they can move they usually move away from me and let me set up a chase as they crawl, run, skip and hop on their merry way to explore the world. Sure, I carry them and hug them and chase them and kiss them and rock them and sleep with them. But this is not me following them everywhere and pulling them back to me. This is me being a home base. The “attachment” comes from their being allowed to attach to us, not from us attaching to them like parental leeches.Attachment Parenting is not Selfish Parenting. It is also not selfless parenting. We are not doing it for us, and we are not doing it to torment ourselves,Attachment parenting is not Helicopter Parenting. I don’t hover. I supervise, I follow, I teach, I de monstrate, I explain. I don’t slap curious hands away, I show how to do things safely, I let my child do the things that my child wishes to do, first with help and then with supervision and finally with trust. I don’t insist that my 23 month old hold my ha nd when we walk on the sidewalk because I know that I can recall him with my voice because he trusts me to allow him to explore and he trusts me to explain when something is dangerous and to help him satisfy his curiosities safely.Most of the negative thi ngs that I hear about “attachment parents” are completely off-base and describe something that is entirely unlike Attachment Parenting. Attachment Parenting is child-centric and focuses on the needs of the child. Children need structure, rules, and boundaries. Attachment Parents simply believe that the child and the parent are allies, not adversaries, And that children are taught, not trained.49. According to the author, what should parents do when their kids cry?A. Providing comfort and love.B. Trying to stop kids crying.C. Holding them till they stop.D. Rewarding kids with toys.50. What does “free-range” mean according to the passage?A. Fond of providing a home base.B. Ready to play games with my kids.C. Curious to watch what games they play.D. Willing to give kids freedom of movement.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO more than TEN words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE51. According to the passage, what does “cognitive habits” refers to?PASSAGE TWO52. Why was the author doing rounds in a hospital?PASSAGE THREE53. What does “counting” mean in the context?54. What does the author think of raising tax on cigarettes?PASSAGE FOUR55. What does the passage mainly discuss?PART VI WRITING [45 MIN]Should we revive traditional Chinese characters or continue using simplified characters?This has been an intensely discussed question for years. The following are the supporters’and opponents’ opinions. Read carefully the opinions from both sides and write your response in about 200 words, in which you should first summarize briefly the opinions from both sides and give your view on the issue.Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.。

新题型大学英语四级教程--答案

附录二参考答案U n i t 1Ⅳ.B i l i n gu a l S t u d i e s 2.T r a n s l a t i o n (1)h a v eb e e n r e v e r e da sm a s t e r s i nE u r o pe (2)T h e r e i s n o t h i n g m o r em y s t e r i o u s t h a n (3)t h em a i n l a n do fC h i n ah a v en o t y e t e s t a b l i s h e d t h e m s e l v e s a s av e r y s t r o n gp r e s e n c e (4)a r eh a r d e r ,t o u g h e r a n d s t r o n g e r t h a n (5)i sm o r eb e a u t if u l t h a na p i c t u r e (6)m o r eo f a na r t i s t t h a no f a t e a c h e r(7)p l a y e dw i t hm o r ed a r i n g t h a n s k i l l (8)w i s e r t h a n t ob e l i e v e ;w i t h o u t a s e c o n d t h o u g h t (9)m o r e t h a n i t d i d l a s t y e a rⅤ.V o c a b u l a r y Bu i l d e r 2.B u s i n e s sE n g l i s h W o r dB u i l d i n g A c t i v i t i e s (1)C ㊀(2)B ㊀(3)A ㊀(4)C ㊀(5)A ㊀(6)C (7)A ㊀(8)C ㊀(9)B ㊀(10)C ㊀(11)B ㊀(12)A ⅥW r i t i n g 1.E n g l i s h W r i t i n g B a s i c s :D i c t i o n (1)E x e r c i s e (A ):(a )s t r a y ;㊀㊀(b )l i c k i n g ;㊀㊀(c )s o a k ;㊀㊀(d )e n v e l o p e d ;㊀㊀(e )p r e s s e d ,t h i e v e d ,f l a s h e d ...o v e r E x e r c i s e (B ):(a )W e s h o u l da l s oc o n s i d e r p u b l i c r e l a t i o n s .(b )T h e r e f o r e ,y o u r p r o p o s a l s e e m s t ou s u n pr a c t i c a l .(c )H i s d e v e l o p m e n t o f a s e r i e s o f n e wr e s e a r c hm e t h o d s l e d t oh i s g r e a t s u c c e s s .(d )N o tm a n y t e a c h e r s c a n t e a c he f f e c t i v e l y .(e )E v e n t u a l l y an e wf a dw i l l r e p l a c e t h i s s c o o t e r c r a z e .E x e r c i s e (C ):(a )T h e n e w s a b o u t t h i s e l e c t i o n s c a n d a l w a s f i r s t r e p o r t e d i n t h e l o c a l n e w s p a p e r .(b )N o s c i e n t i s t k n o w s e x a c t l y w h e r e t h e i n f o r m a t i o nh i g h w a y w i l l l e a du s .(c )C o m pe t e n c ea l o n es h o u l d b e a b l et o d e c i d e w h e t h e rat e a c h e rs h o u l d b e a l l o w e d t o t e a c h .(d )T h e s t o c k h o l d e r s c a nh a r d l y b e c r e d u l o u s e n o u g h t o b e l i e v ew h a t t h e y a r e t o l d .(e )T h e m o s ta n n o y i n g t a s ki m p o s e d o n t h e y o u n g i m pa t i e n t m o t h e ri st h e c h a n g i n g o f e n d l e s s d i a p e r s .(b e s t o w =授予;含褒义e .g.b e s t o wa nh o n o r o n t h eh e r o )(f )T h es i t u a t i o n h a sb e c o m e v e r y s e r i o u sa n d r e qu i r e si m m e d i a t e a t t e n t i o n .332 附录二(d r a s t i c=激进的/严重的;常充当定语㊂e.g.d r a s t i c m e a s u r e s;ad r a s t i cs h o r t a g e o f w a t e r)2.W r i t i n g A c t i v i t i e sT a s kA:T h eB e s t P a r e n t sB a s e d o n t h e c h i l d-p a r e n t s r e l a t i o n s h i p,p s y c h o l o g i s t s h a v e i d e n t i f i e d t h r e e t y p e s o f p a r e n t s:p e r m i s s i v e,a u t o c r a t i c a n da u t h o r i t a t i v e.C o n f r o n t e db y a15-y e a r-o l d w h o w a n t st oa t t e n daS a t u r d a y-n i g h t p a r t y,a p e r m i s s i v e p a r e n tm i g h ts a y: O k a y,b u tt r y n o tt os t a y o u tt o ol a t e. P e r m i s s i v e p a r e n t sa r ee i t h e r i n d i f f e r e n t t o t h e i r k i d s o r s p o i l t h ek i d s t o om u c h.A na u t o c r a t i c p a r e n tm i g h t r e s p o n d, N o, y o ua r e t o o y o u n g f o r t h a t. E n do f d i s c u s s i o n.A u t o c r a t i c p a r e n t s d i c t a t e,d o w n t o t h e l a s t d e t a i l s.T h ea u t h o r i t a t i v e p a r e n t c o n s i d e r s t h e c h i l d s v i e w p o i n t,t h e n d e c i d e s: Y o u k n o wo u r r u l e a b o u t w e e k e n d s.W e a g r e e d o n a10o c l o c k c u r f e w.Y o u c a n g o t o t h e p a r t y i f y o u r eh o m e b y10. K i d sm a yp r e f e r p e r m i s s i v e p a r e n t s a n d r e b e l a g a i n s t a u t o c r a t i c p a r e n t s.U n d o u b t e d l y,t h em o s t b e n e f i c i a l t o t h e c h i l d r e n s g r o w t h i s t h e a u t h o r i t a t i v e s t y l e,w h i c h g i v e s t h e ml e e w a y b u ta l s os e t sf i r ml i m i t s.C o m i n g d o w nh a r do n e v e r yp e t t y d e t a i le s c a l a t e s m i n o rd i s a g r e e m e n t si n t oa l l-o u t w a r f a r e,a n d m a y a l i e n a t et h e c h i l d r e n f r o mt h e i r p a r e n t s.O n t h eo t h e r h a n d,a l l o w i n g k i d s f u l l f r e e d o m m e a n s l e a v i n g t h e m g r o w i n g w i l d.O n l y t h e p a r e n t sw h oa l l o wt h e i rk i d s f r e e d o m w i t hr e s p o n s i b i l i t y,a n d w i t h i n d i s c i p l i n a r y l i m i t s,h a v e m o r ei n f l u e n c et h a n e i t h e ra u t o c r a t i c p a r e n t so r p e r m i s s i v e o n e s.C h i l d r e nw i t ha u t h o r i t a t i v e p a r e n t s a l w a y s e n j o y ah e a l t h y e n v i r o n m e n t i nw h i c h t o g r o w.T a s kB:W o r ka n d p l e a s u r e a r e t w o i m p o r t a n t p a r t s o f e v e r y o n e s l i f e.P e o p l e l e a d d i f f e r e n t t y p e s o f l i f eb a s i c a l l y b e c a u s eo f t h e i r d i f f e r e n t a t t i t u d e t o w a r dw o r ka n d p l e a s u r e.I tm a y b es a i dt h a tr a t i o n a la n di n d u s t r i o u s(勤劳)h u m a nb e i n g sa r ed i v i d e di n t ot w o c l a s s e s:f i r s t,t h o s ew h o s ew o r ki sw o r ka n dw h o s e p l e a s u r e i s p l e a s u r e;s e c o n d,t h o s ew h o s e w o r k a n d p l e a s u r e a r e o n e.O f t h e s e t h e f o r m e r a r e t h e m a j o r i t y.T h e y h a v e t h e i r c o m p e n s a t i o n s.T h e l o n g h o u r s i n t h e o f f i c e o r f a c t o r y b r i n g w i t h t h e ma s t h e i r r e w a r d,n o t o n l y t h em e a n s o f l i v i n g,b u t k e e na p p e t i t e f o r p l e a s u r e e v e n i n i t s s i m p l e s t a n dm o s tm o d e s t f o r m s.B u t F o r t u n e s f a v o r e dc h i l d r e n(命运之神的宠儿)b e l o n g t ot h es e c o n dc l a s s.T h e i r l i f ei sa n a t u r a l h a r m o n y.F o r t h e mt h ew o r k i n g h o u r s a r e n e v e r l o n g e n o u g h.E a c hd a y i s a h o l i d a y,a n d o r d i n a r y h o l i d a y s w h e n t h e y c o m e a r e g u a r d e d a se n f o r c e di n t e r r u p t i o n si n a n a b s o r b i n g v o c a t i o n.I nm y o p i n i o n,t h e n e e d o f a n a l t e r n a t i v e o u t l o o k,o f a c h a n g e o f a t m o s p h e r e i s e s s e n t i a l t o b o t hc l a s s e s.I n d e e d,i tm a y w e l l b e t h a t t h o s ew h o s ew o r k i s t h e i r p l e a s u r e a r e t h o s ew h om o s t n e e d t oc h a n g e t h e i r a t t i t u d eo n c e i naw h i l e.U n i t2Ⅳ.B i l i n g u a l S t u d i e s2.T r a n s l a t i o n432(1)对这次考试成绩的详细分析表明,目前教学还存在着严重问题㊂(2)尽管索尔克博士研制艾滋病疫苗的方式受到批评,但他和他的商业伙伴对成功仍充满信心㊂(3)我们必须考虑选择其他一些饮食模式:减少肉食消费,多食用新型高蛋白豆制品,开发海洋资源食品㊂(4)当今广大民众对科学的兴趣重又燃起,这很大程度上是由于斯蒂芬㊃霍金及他用简易语言表述复杂理论的才能㊂(5)当看到一些学生的作品得以发表,我尝到了其中的喜悦㊂(6)小笠原亮现年六十五岁,是位建筑工人㊂他至今仍为当年的记忆所困扰他曾在一个用战俘做实验品的秘密医疗部队服役过两年㊂(7)当今,教育及其相关的科研仍是麻省理工学院的主要目标,而且其指导原则与现实世界存在着一定相关性㊂(8)许多第三世界国家,由于失业率高,工资低,出现了工人移居发达国家的现象㊂(9)如果你大学毕业时具备了训练有素的头脑,即使没学到什么有用的东西,你仍会走在前列,某种意义上也仍是个受过教育的人㊂(10)美国每年有数万人,在他们的心脏还足以维持生命的情况下,却因急救不充分而死去㊂Ⅵ.W r i t i n g 2.W r i t i n g Ac t i v i t i e s T a s kA :H o wt oP r e pa r e f o r a n I n t e r v i e w J ob i n t e r v i e wi s t h e p r oc e s s i nw h i c h y o u r p r o s p e c t i v e e m p l o ye r c o l l e c t s i nf o r m a t i o no n y o u b y a s k i n gq u e s t i o n s a n do b s e r v i ng ho w y o u g i v ea n s w e r s a n dh o w y o ua c t .W h e t h e r y o uc a n g e t t h e j o bd e p e n d s l a r g e l y on y o u r i n t e r v i e w p e r f o r m a n c e .T h e s e c r e t o f s u c c e s s a t a n i n t e r v i e wi s p r e pa r a t i o n d o y o u r h o m e w o r k f i r s t .H e r ea r e s o m e s u g g e s t i o n s o nh o wt o p r e p a r e f o r a n i n t e r v i e w.F i r s t ,b ew e l l p r e p a r e d f o r t h e q u e s t i o n sm o s t l i k e l y t ob ea s k e db y t h e i n t e r v i e w e r .G o t o t h e l i b r a r y o r g e t o n l i n e ,a n d f i n d o u t a l l i n f o r m a t i o n y o uc a n a b o u t t h e j o b a nd t he o r g a n i z a t i o n y o uh o p e t ow o r kf o r .T h e nu s e t h e i n f o r m a t i o n t o p r e d i c t t h e q u e s t i o n s t ob e a s k e d .A c t u a l l y ,a n y t h i n gy o u f i n do u t a b o u t t h e p r o s p e c t i v ee m p l o y e r c a nb eu s e d t o y o u ra d v a n t ag ed u r i n g th ei n t e r v i e wt o s h o wt h a t y o uh a v eb o t h e r e d t om a s t e r s o m e f a c t s a b o u t t h ec o m p a n yy o uh o pe t o s e r v e .S e c o n d ,w r i t ed o w n (i nE n g l i s h ,i f n e c e s s a r y )a n d r e m e m b e r t h e q u e s t i o n s y o uw a n t t oa s k t h e i n t e r v i e w e r s o t h a t y o u a r e n o t s p e e c h l e s sw h e nh e /s h e i n v i t e s y o u r q u e s t i o n s .T r y t o a s k t h e j o b -r e l a t e d q u e s t i o n s t h a t s u g g e s t y o ua sah a r d -w o r k i n gpe r s o nw i t har e a l i n t e r e s t i nt h e j o b .M a k e s u r e t h eh o l i d a y s a n d p a y a r en o t t h ef i r s t t h i ng s t o i n q u i r ea b o u t .A n dl a s t ,d r e s si n n e a t ,c l e a n a n d c o n s e r v a t i v e c l o th e s ,w hi c h ,t o ge t h e r w i t h c a l m ,c o nf i d e n tm a n n e r s ,m a y h e l p t oc r e a t ea f a v o r a b l e f i r s t i m pr e s s i o n .P r e p a r i n g f o r a n i n t e r v i e w i s a j o b i n i t s e l f -t h e h a r d e r y o uw o r k a t i t ,t h e b e t t e r c h a n c e y o u w i l l h a v eo f g e t t i n g t h e j o b .T a s kB :U n l e a s hY o u rC r e a t i v i t y532 附录二A r e y o u c r e a t i v e?I f y o ua r e l i k em o s t p e o p l e,y o u p r o b a b l y t h i n k y o u r en o t.T h r o u g h o u t o u r l i v e s,w e r e t o l d t h a t c r e a t i v i t y i s r a r e a n dm y s t e r i o u s,a n d t h a t o n l y a r t i s t s a r e c r e a t i v e.B u t p s y c h o l o g i s t s,a f t e rm a n yy e a r so f r e s e a r c hh a v ec o n c l u d e dt h a t c r e a t i v i t y i sw i t h i ne v e r y o n e s r e a c h n oe x c e p t i o n s.T o u n l e a s h y o u r c r e a t i v i t y,m a s t e r t h e s e s t r a t e g i e s:C a p t u r i n g.N e wi d e a sa r ef l e e t i n g t h r o u g h y o u rc o n s c i o u s n e s s.I f y o u d o n t g r a bt h e m q u i c k l y,t h e y r eu s u a l l yg o n e f o r e v e r.C h a l l e n g i n g.O n e w a y t oa c c e l e r a t et h ef l o w o fn e wi d e a s i st o p u t y o u r s e l f i nd i f f i c u l t s i t u a t i o n sw h e r e y o u r e l i k e l y t o f a i l.W h e nw e f a i l t od o s o m e t h i n g,w eb e g i n t r y i n g o u t o t h e r a p p r o a c h e s.M a n y i d e a s c o m p e t ev i g o r o u s l y,g r e a t l y e n h a n c i n g t h e c r e a t i v e p r o c e s s.B r o a d e n i n g.T h em o r ek n o w l e d g e y o uh a v ea n dt h e m o r ed i v e r s et h a tk n o w l e d g ei s,t h e g r e a t e r y o u r p o t e n t i a l f o r c r e a t i v eo u t p u t.C o u n t l e s s a d v a n c e sw e r em a d e p o s s i b l eb e c a u s e t h e i r c r e a t o r s h a de x p e r i e n c e i nd i v e r s ef i e l d s.I f y o uw a n t t oe n h a n c e y o u rc r e a t i v i t y,l e a r na b o u t s u b j e c t s y o uk n o wn o t h i n g a b o u t a n dd o n tw a n t t ok n o wa b o u t.W i t hn e wc r e a t i v e p o w e r s,w e r ea l l b e t t e r a b l e t o s o l v e t h e l i t t l e p r o b l e m s t h a t t r o u b l eu s d a i l y.U n i t3Ⅳ.B i l i n g u a l S t u d i e s2.T r a n s l a t i o n(1)由于森林栖息地的丧失和菲律宾猎人的大量捕杀,这种受到严重威胁的鸟类的野生数量减到不足一百只㊂(2)布鲁克斯的诗歌因深化了个人和社会经历的意义而广受称赞㊂(3)父亲上周买的食品只吃了一小部分㊂(4)通过对一些古老精美材料的巧妙再利用,波士顿市18世纪的芬纽尔大厅得以全面的修复与改观㊂(5)如果将光与热分离,冰淇淋即使暴露于镜子的强光之下也不会融化㊂一种涂于金属反射器上的多层特制薄膜即所谓的金属冷镜使这一现象成为可能㊂(6)虽然自动化和电子传感技术取得了长足进展,农产品的按质挑选仍主要靠手工完成㊂(7)多年以来,海外一直有人热衷于收集和考察美洲土著人的工艺品㊂(8)在这次探测任务行将结束之际,可能尝试进行具有高度危险性的飞行以进一步探察该行星的表层情况㊂Ⅴ.V o c a b u l a r y B u i l d e r1.V o c a b u l a r y B u i l d i n g S k i l l1)(1)下大赌注的超级赌徒;喜爱文化艺术的人群/附庸风雅的(2)无息银行贷款(3)难以预测(4)穷困国家,由水传播的疾病(5)充满特技镜头的大片632(6)电视点播,被谈论的,按收视次数付费,有线电视2)(1)位于之首(2)用刀刺死(3)简述的形象(4)(争论)十分激烈(5)罗列出(6)蹬车(7)用直升机运送(8)进入停滞状态Ⅵ.W r i t i n g1.E n g l i s h W r i t i n g B a s i c s :S e n t e n c eB u i l d i n g 1)E x e r c i s e (a )W h e n ,a n d ,s o ,w h e r e ,b u t ,w h i c h ,W h e n ,w h o ,w h e t h e r /i f ,a n d ,a s .(b )A l t h o u g h ,a n d ,a n d ,b e c a u s e ,w h o ,A s ,s o t h a t .2)E x e r c i s e (a )T h ec l a s s i c i m a g eo faw r i t e r i so fa s l i g h t l y d e m e n t e d -l o o k i n gp e r s o n ,l o c k e d i na na t t i c ,s c r i b b l i n g a w a y f u r i o u s l y f o r d a y s o ne n d .N a t u r a l l y ,h eh a s a f a v o r i t eb e a t -u p t y p e w r i t e r ,w i t h o u tw h i c hh e c o u l dn o t p r o d u c e a r e a d a b l ew o r d .N o w a d a y s ,w ek n o wt h a t s u c h i m a g e s b e a r l i t t l e r e s e m b l a n c e t o r e a l i t y .B u t a r e t h e y c o m p l e t e l y f a l s e ?I n t h e c a s eo f a t l e a s t o n e w r i t e r ,i t w o u l d s e e m n o t .M u r i e l S p a r k ,w h o h a s j u s t t u r n e d 80,r e s e m b l e s t h i s s t e r e o t y p i c a l w r i t e r i n m a n y w a y s .B u t s h ei sc e r t a i n l y no td e m e n t e d ,a n ds h ed o e s n t w o r k i na na t t i c .B u t s h e i s r a t h e rn e u r o t i ca b o u t t h et o o l so fh e r t r a d e .I nf a c t s h e i s s o s u p e r s t i t i o u s t h a t i f s o m e o n eu s e s h e r p e nb y a c c i d e n t ,s h e i m m e d i a t e l y t h r o w s i t a w a y .(b )Il o o k e da tt h eb l a c k ,u n t a m e dc a t t l ea n dt h e y l o o k e db a c ka t m e ,t h e i re y e s g l i n t i n g t h r o u g h t h e r o u g h f r i n g eo f h a i r t h a t f e l l o v e r t h e i r f a c e .(c )Af i n a l j o bw i t h t h e s t a m p s ,a n d s h e r o s e f r o mt h ed e s kw i t h s t i f f l i m b s a n d t i r e d e ye s .S h ef e l t a l i t t l ed i z z y ,b u t s h e l o c k e d t h ed e s kw i t h t h ek n o w l e d ge t h a t t h em o s t s e r i o u s p a r t of p r e p a r i ng a p a r t y w a s o v e r .2.W r i t i n g Ac t i v i t i e s T a s kA :I n t e r n e t s I n f l u e n c e o nO u rL i f eN o w w eh a v e m o v e df r o m ac u l t u r ec e n t e r e do n n e t w o r k T V ,p h o n e s w i t h w i r e sa n d i n f o r m a t i o no n p a p e r t oad i g i t a l (数码)s o c i e t y .T h ew o r l d i s b e i n g c o n n e c t e do n t h e I n t e r n e t ,a n d t h e r e i s n o g o i n g b a c k .G l o b a l l y ,t h e r ea r em o r e t h a n 200m i l l i o n p e o p l eo nt h eN e t .T h e n u m b e r t e l l s t h ee s s e n c eo ft h es t o r y :t h e N e t i sn ol o n g e ran o v e l t y ,a ni n t e r e s t i n g w a y o f p a s s i n g t h e t i m e .T h e nw h a t i s i t ?H o wi s i t c h a n g i n g t h ew a y we l i v ea n dw o r k ?I n t e r n e t i sc h a n g i n g t h e w a y w es h o p .E v e nt h o u g h o n l i n es h o p p i n g r e p r e s e n t so n l y af r a c t i o no f t o t a l c o n s u m e r s a l e s t h e s e d a ys ,w i t h s a l e s e s t i m a t e d a t$184b i l l i o nw i t h i n t h e t h r e e732 附录二y e a r s,t h ec u r v ei sh e a d i n g s t r a i g h tu p.A n dt h i s i s j u s tas p r i n g b o a r df o raf u t u r et h a tm o s t c o m p u t e r-u s e r sw i l l e n j o y:u s i n g r e m o t e c o n t r o l,y o uw i l l f i n d i t e a s i e r t o c h o o s e f r o ma v a r i e t y o f s t o r e s i na n o t h e r c i t y t h a n g o t o t h e l o c a lm a l l.B e s i d e s e l e c t r o n i cs h o p p i n g,I n t e r n e t i sm a k i n g m a n y o t h e r t h i n g s t h a tw ed oe a s i e ra n d m o r ec o n v e n i e n t.S o m e p e o p l e a r e a l r e a d y c o n s u l t i n g d o c t o r s o n t h eN e t,i n s t e a d o f g o i n g t o t h e h o s p i t a l;s o m ea r el i s t e n i n g t ot h er a d i oa n d w a t c h i n g T V p r o g r a m so nt h e N e t;s o m ea r e m a k i n g i n v e s t m e n ta n dc o n d u c t i n g b u s i n e s sn e g o t i a t i o n so nt h e N e t;s t i l l m o r ea r es e n d i n g l e t t e r s,p l a y i n gg a m e s,m a k i n g f r i e n d sa n dh a v i n g c o n v e r s a t i o n so nt h e N e t.E a c ho ft h e s e a c t i v i t i e s i s i m p r e s s i v e,a n d t h e c o l l e c t i v e e f f e c t i s ad i f f e r e n t k i n do f l i f e.S o w e a r e a t t h e b e g i n n i n g o f a n e w w a y o f w o r k i n g,s h o p p i n g,p l a y i n g a n d c o m m u n i c a t i n g.F o r t h e m o m e n tw ea r ec a l l i n g t h i s p h e n o m e n o ne-l i f e,a n di t s j u s t i nt i m e.B e c a u s e t h ed a y i sa p p r o a c h i n g w h e nn oo n e w i l ld e s c r i b et h ed i g i t a l,N e t-b a s e d,c o m p u t e r-c o n n e c t e dw o r l dw i t h s u c ha t r a n s i t o r y t e r m.W e l l j u s t c a l l i t l i f ea n da c c e p t i t j u s t a s i t i s. T a s kB:W h y S u c c e s s i s S oD e a r t oE v e r y o n eT h e r e h a s n e v e r b e e n as i n g l e u n i f o r m d e f i n i t i o n f o rs u c c e s s.P e o p l e h a v e d i f f e r e n t u n d e r s t a n d i n g s o f s u c c e s sb e c a u s et h e i ra m b i t i o n sa n dv a l u e sv a r y f r o m o n ea n o t h e r.B u to n e t h i n g a b o u t i t i s u n i v e r s a l:s u c c e s s i s p r e c i o u s t oa l m o s t e v e r y o n e.W ec h e r i s hs u c c e s sb e c a u s ea c h i e v i n g s u c c e s s s a t i s f i e s ab a s i c p s y c h o l o g i c a l n e e do fh u m a n b e i n g s-f e e l i n g g o o d a b o u t o n e s e l f.N o m a t t e r s u c c e s s m a y a c t u a l l y b r i n g:m o n e y f o r b u s i n e s s m e n,p r e s t i g e f o r s c h o l a r s,o r g o o dm a r k s f o r s t u d e n t s,i t i n v a r i a b l y g i v e s t h e s e p e o p l e a s e n s eo f a c c o m p l i s h m e n t,af e e l i n g o f p r i d e,a n da p l e a s u r eo f s e l f-c o n f i d e n c e.T h e s ea r ea l l p o s i t i v e f e e l i n g s t h a t c o n t r i b u t e t o y o u r s e l f-e s t e e ma n dm a k e y o u f e e l b e t t e r.W ec h e r i s hs u c c e s sb e c a u s e i t t e a c h e su se n t h u s i a s m,c o u r a g e,p e r s e v e r a n c e,p a t i e n c e,a s e n s eo fr e s p o n s i b i l i t i e sa n d m a n y o t h e ri m p o r t a n th u m a n q u a l i t i e s.T a k ea n e x a m p l eo fa s t u d e n tw i t h a v e r a g e i n t e l l i g e n c e.I n t h e p r o c e s s o f s t r i v i n g f o r a s u c c e s s f u l t e s t p e r f o r m a n c e,h e h a s t o s t u d yp e r s i s t e n t l y w i t h l o t s o f z e s t.H em u s t u n d e r s t a n d t h e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y o f l e a r n i n g l i e s w i t hh i m s e l f.H e i s b o u n d t o e x p e r i e n c e d i f f i c u l t i e s,a n d i n c o p i n g w i t h t h e s e d i f f i c u l t i e s h ew i l l g r a d u a l l y l e a r n t h ev a l u eo f c o u r a g ea n do p t i m i s m.W e c h e r i s h s u c c e s s b e c a u s e i t i sn e v e r e a s y t oc o m eb y.W e s t r i v eh a r dw e i t,b e c a u s ew e k n o wt h a t e v e r y s u c c e s s,h o w e v e r s m a l l,t a k e s u s a s t e p c l o s e r t oab r i g h t e r f u t u r e.U n i t4Ⅳ.B i l i n g u a l S t u d i e s2.T r a n s l a t i o n(1)在占全国面积一半,人口为全国25%的地区里,居民们必须拨打长达七位数的求救号码,而且该号码因地而异,可能导致致命的数分钟的延误㊂(2)人们积极种植柳树以加固河岸,顶住偶尔发生的水灾;还计划拓宽回水水道以缓解干流在未来洪水期所承受的压力㊂(3)计算机输出信号,刺激大脑视觉区 ,从而使这位完全失明的病人得以识别光亮的图像㊂832(4)通过天文镜天文学家看见的是一个荒芜严酷的世界,但他们相信这个世界仍有可能生存着原始生命㊂(5)在美国存在着一种较为常见的平行式生活方式㊂在这种生活方式中,各民族群体保留着自己的风俗习惯与社会传统㊂(6)在一些国家,居民们生活在共同的传统背景下,而美国人则来自不同的民族㊂因此相比之下,可接受的风俗习惯在美国更为广泛㊂(7)最会读书的人能消化吸收最多的知识,并将其转化为自己个性的一部分㊂(8)体育运动是英国社交季节的核心,这点绝非偶然㊂(9)现在还不完全清楚金字塔的建造者们是如何使用当时十分原始的工具拖拉垒砌那些巨大石块的㊂Ⅵ.W r i t i n g 1.E n g l i s h W r i t i n g B a s i c s :S e n t e n c eV a r i e t y 2)E x e r c i s e :R e w r i t e t h e f o l l o w i n g s h o r t p a s s a g e t oa c h i e v e g r e a t e r s e n t e n c ev a r i e t y . H i l l a r y a n dN o r g a y s t a r t e dc l i m b i n g t o w a r d t h e t o p a g a i n .W o u l d t h e y ma k e i t ?E v e r yb o d y w h oh a d t r i e db e f o r eh a d f a i l e d a n dm a n y h a d g o t k i l l e d .S l o w l y ,s t e a d i l y ,t h e y k e p tc l i m b i n g u n t i l t h e y r e a c h ed t he l a s t i c y c l if f .T h e y k n e wt h e y w e r ev e r y c l o s e t o t h e t o p .B u t h o wc l o s e ?B l i n d i ng ,s w i r l i n g s n o wk e p t th e mf r o ms e ei n g .T h e y k e p t c l i m b i n g a n y w a y .I t w a s o n M a y 29,1953t h a t t h e y f i n a l l y r e a c h e d t h e t o p . T h er e a s o n s f o rD i s n e y s s u c c e s sw e r ev a r i e da n dn u m e r o u s ,b u t u l t i m a t e l y t h ec r e d i t g o e s t o W a l tD i s n e y t h em a nw h o c r e a t e d t h e c a r t o o na n db u i l t t h e c o m p a n y .W i t hh i s g r e a t m a n a g e m e n t a b i l i t y ,h e s i n g l e h a n d e d l y p i o n e e r e d t h e c o n c e p t s o f b r a n d i n g a n d m e r c h a n d i s i n g . T a k ea l o o ka t t h e c r i s i s f a c i n g t h e c i t i e s .A t n o t i m e i nh i s t o r y ha s t h e r eb e e ns uc ha m a s sm i g r a t i o no f p e o p l e f r o mc o u n t r y s ide t oc i t y a s i s h a p p e n i n g n o w.B y 2030,i t s e s t i m a t e d t h a tm o r e t h a n t w o t h i r d s of t h ew o r l d s p o p u l a t i o nw i l l b e l i v i ng i nc i t i e s t w i c ea sm a n y a s t o d a y .A n d t w i c e a s b a dw i l l b e th e p r o b l e m s f a c e d b y t h e ci t i e s o v e r c r o w d i n g ,p o o r h o u s i n g ,u n e m p l o y m e n t ,p o v e r t y,a n d l a c ko f f o o da n dw a t e r .H e n c e t h en e e d f o r i m m e d i a t e s o l u t i o n s .2.W r i t i n g Ac t i v i t i e s T a s kA :I sE n v i r o n m e n t a l P o l l u t i o naC r i m e?W h e n i t c o m e s t oc r i m e ,w e i n v a r i a b l y t a l ka b o u t s t e a l i n g ,r o b b i n g a n dk i l l i n g ,a n ds o m e o t h e r o f f e n s e s ,w h i c hc a u s ed a m a g e st o p e o pl e s p o s s e s s i o n sa n dl i v e sa n dt h e r e f o r e m u s tb e p u n i s h e d b y l a w.P r o b a b l y n o tm a n y p e o p l e a s s o c i a t e c r i m ew i t h e n v i r o n m e n t a l p o l l u t i o n .B u t i n v i e wo f i t s i n c r e a s i n g l y s e r i o u s c o n s e q u e n c e s ,p o l l u t i o n i s u n d o u b t e d l y al s oa na c t t h a td e s e r v e s l e g a l p u n i s h m e n t .A n y o n ew h od o u b t s t h i sn e e d so n l y t ol o o ka tw h a t t h en a t u r ei s s u f f e r i n g a sar e s u l to f m a n s s h o r t s i g h t e d n e s sa n d g r e e d .E v e rs i n c et h ei n d u s t r i a lr e v o l u t i o n ,m a nh a sb e e ns l o w l y p o i s o n i n g h i s e n v i r o n m e n t i n t h em a d p u r s u i t o fm a t e r i a l t h i n g s .N o wt h e s k y i s d a r k e n i n g wi t h932 附录二c h o k i n g a nd s t i n g i n g a i r h o ve r i n g o v e r c i t i e s;M i s u s e d i n s e c t i c i d e s a r e k i l l i n g p l a n t s a n dw i l d l if e; S e w ag e-f i l l e d r i v e r s a r e c a u s i n g a r a p i d l o s s o f d r i n k i n g w a t e r a n da nv a l u a b l e f o o d s u p p l y-f i s h.B e s i d e s t h e s eh o r r i b l ef a c t s,t h e r ei sa l s ot h ee n o r m o u s f i n a n c i a l c o s t i n v o l v e di nt h es o-c a l l e de n v i r o n m e n t a l p r o j e c t s.T a k eas m a l l p a p e r-m a k i n g f a c t o r y a sa ne x a m p l e.T h ef a c t o r y m a y h a v e p r o v i d e d e m p l o y m e n t f o r l o c a l p e o p l e a n d c o n t r i b u t e d100,000y u a n i n c o m e t a x t o t h e s o c i e t y.B u t o n t h eo t h e rh a n d,i t a l s o p o l l u t e dar i v e rb yp o u r i n g s e w a g e i n t o i t.T os a v e t h e r i v e r,t h e g o v e r n m e n tm a y h a v e t o s p e n dam i l l i o no n t h e s e w a g e-t r e a t m e n t p r o j e c t s.S o t h e r e i s n oo v e r e s t i m a t i n g t h e l o s s e s p o l l u t i o n i s c a u s i n g,b o t hd i r e c t l y a n d i n d i r e c t l y,t o h u m a nb e i n g s.A n dt h e r e i s c e r t a i n l y n oe x a g g e r a t i o ni nc o n s i d e r i n gp o l l u t i o na sac r i m e.I t s t i m e t o s e r i o u s l y c a r r y o u t e n v i r o n m e n t a l l a w s t o p r o t e c t t h e e a r t h o u r h o m e.T a s kB:T h eP l e a s u r e o fL e a r n i n gL e a r n i n g i so n eo ft h ee s s e n t i a l p l e a s u r e so ft h eh u m a nr a c e.T h o s e w h oa v o i dl e a r n i n g o f t e nf i n d l i f e d r y a n d m e a n i n g l e s s,f o rt h e y d e p r i v e t h e m s e l v e s o ft h e e x c i t e m e n t a n d f u l f i l l m e n t i n l e a r n i n g s o m e t h i n g n e w.T h e p l e a s u r eo f l e a r n i n g i s u n i v e r s a l,e v e r y w h e r e t ob e f o u n d.M a n y o f u sh a v e t a s t e d t h e j o y o f l e a r n i n g b y r e a d i n g i n t e r e s t i n g b o o k s.B o o k s a r e n o l u m p s o f l i f e l e s s p a p e r,b u t a v o i c e f a r d i s t a n t i n t i m e a n d s p a c e,t a l k i n g t o r e a d e r s,m i n d t om i n d,h e a r t t oh e a r t.F o r b e y o n db o o k s, w ec a n a l s o e n j o y t h ef r u i t so ft r a v e l i n g,p r o v i d e dt h a t w et r a v e l w i t h a n o p e n m i n dt o u n d e r s t a n do t h e r p e o p l ea n do t h e r p l a c e s,a n da na l e r t e y ef o ra l l k i n d so fn o v e l e x p e r i e n c e s.F i n a l l y,l e a r n i n g a l s om e a n s l e a r n i n g t o p r a c t i c e,o ra t l e a s t,t oa p p r e c i a t ea na r t.E v e r y n e w a r tw e l e a r nb l e s s u sw i t han e ws e n s e,b y w h i c hw em a y e n j o y t h ew o n d e r s o f t h ew o r l dm o r e i n t e n s e l y.I f t h e p l e a s u r eo f l e a r n i n g i su n i v e r s a l,w h y a r et h e r es o m a n y d u l l,u n h a p p y s t u d e n t s i n s c h o o l?I t i s b e c a u s e t h e y w e r em a d ed u l l b y b a d t e a c h i n g,b y i s o l a t i o n,b y s u r r e n d e r t o r o u t i n ea n db y t h e i r o w n l a z i n e s s.T h e s t u d e n t sw h o s u f f e r f r o m l e a r n i n g s h o u l db r e a ka w a y f r o mt h eb o n d s o ft e x t b o o k sa n dt e s t s,a n de m b r ac ev a r i o u so t h e rf i e ld so fk n o w le d g e w i t hr e n e w e d e n e r g y.U n i t5Ⅳ.B i l i n g u a l S t u d i e s2.T r a n s l a t i o n(1)S o m e t i m e sw h e n I t h o u g h tm y k e y l o s t,...(2)W h e n t h e y m a y b r i n g t h e i rw i v e sw i t h t h e m,...(3)W h e n I g i v ea s t u d e n t c r e d i t f o r a j o be s p e c i a l l y w e l l d o n e,...(4)...j u s tw h e n I h a dc o m p a n y.(5)W h e n I g o t i n t om a n a g e m e n t,...(6)V i e w e d t h r o u g hm y e x p e r i e n c eo f a l m o s t35y e a r s o f l a w p r a c t i c e,...(7)F a c e dw i t hd e s p e r a t ew a t e r n e e d s,...042(8)F o l l o w i n g h i s g r a d u a t i o n ,...(9)...d e p e n d i n g o n t h e i r s t o r a g e c a p a c i t y .(10)...w o r k i n g a t h e r o w na pa r t m e n t ,...Ⅵ.W r i t i n g2.W r i t i n g A c t i v i t i e s (2)T a s kA :B u i l d i n g aG o o dT e a c h e r S t u d e n tR e l a t i o n s h i pA g o o dt e a c h e r -s t u d e n tr e l a t i o n s h i p i so n eo ft h e g u a r a n t e e sf o rs u c c e s s f u l t e a c h i n g a n d l e a r n i n g .A g o o d r e l a t i o n s h i p l e a d s t o f r u i t f u l c o o pe r a t i o n ,t h a t i s ,t h e t e a c h e r c a n g u i d e h i s /h e r s t u d e n t sm o r e ef f e c t i v e l y a n d t h e s t u d e n t s c a n l e a r nm o r e e f f i c i e n t l y.A n i d e a l t e a c h e r -s t u d e n t r e l a t i o n s h i p n e v e r c o m e s e a s i l y .I t d e pe n d s o n t h e c o n s c i o u s ef f o r t s f r o mb o t ht h et e a c h e ra n dt h es t u d e n t s .T h eb e s te x a m p l ec a nb ed r a w nf r o m m ype r s o n a l e x p e r i e n c ea sac o l l e g es t u d e n t .W e h a d d e v e l o p e da w a r m ,f r i e n d l y r e l a t i o n s h i p w i t h o u r E ng l i sh t e a c h e r ,J o h nK e n t .J o h nw o nu s o v e rwi t h t h e s p e c i a l e f f o r t s h e p o u r e d i n t oo u r c l a s s .H i s l e c t u r e sw e r ea l w a y sw e l l p r e p a r e da n dd e l i v e r e dc l e a r l y a n d i m a g i n a t i v e l y h ee x p l a i n e d h i s i d e a sw i t h p a i n t i n g s a n d r e c o r d i n g s ,a n do n c eh ee v e ns a n g a s o n g t o i l l u s t r a t ea p o i n t .W e a l s oa d m i r e d t h ef a c t t h a th es p e n t t i m e g e n e r o u s l y w i t hs t u d e n t so u t s i d eo fc l a s s r o o m.B e i n g i n s p i r e db y o u rt e a c h e r sd e v o t i o n ,w es t u d i e da l l t h e m o r ed i l i g e n t l y ,a l w a y sr e s pe c tf u la n d p o l i t e .W ew e r ea l l e ag e r t o sh o wo u r a p p r e ci a t i o nb y d o i n g w e l l i n s t u d i e s .O f c o u r s e ,t h i n g s a r en e v e r s o s i m p l ea n dm i s u n d e r s t a n d i n g m a y o c c u ro n c e i naw h i l e .I n t h i s c a s e ,a h o s t i l e ,g r u d g e -b e a r i n g a t t i t u d ew o u l d n e v e r h e l p .B o t h s i d e s s h o u l d b e k i n d ,p a t i e n t a n d f r a n k .B y s i t t i n g d o w na n dh a v i n g a go o d t a l k t h e r e i s n o t r o u b l e t h a t c a n tw o r ko u t .T a s kB :T a k i n g C h a n c e s H o w m a n y s p l e n d i d p l a n sh a v e y o u m a d ef o r y o u r l i f e ?A n dh o w m a n y o f t h e m h a v e g o t c a n c e l l e db e c a u s e y o u f e l t d i s c o u r a g e d a b o u t s o m e i m a g i n e dd i f f i c u l t i e s ?W h e nw e c o m e t o t h i n k o f t h e s e q u e s t i o n s ,w ew i l l b e s u r pr i s e d t o f i n d t h a tm o r e t h a nh a l f o f o u r d r e a m s h a v e f a i l e d t o c o m e t r u e n o t b e c a u s ew e l a c k t h e a b i l i t y b u t b e c a u s ew e n e v e r g a v e i t a t r y.S o m e t i m e sw ew e r e j u s t t o om u c ho fac o w a r dt ot r y s o m e t h i n g u n p r e d i c t a b l e .W ew e r e p a r a l y z e db y t h ef e a ro f r i s k s a n d f a i l u r e s .I f y o u f i n d y o u r s e l fa c t i n g l i k es u c hk i n do fac o w a r d ,i t sa d v i s a b l et or e m i n d y o u r s e l f ,f r o mt i m e t o t i m e ,t h e o l d s a y i n g N o t h i n g v e n t u r e d ,n o t h i n g g a i n e d .H e r e i s a l i t t l e a n e c d o t e t oh e l py o uu n d e r s t a n d t h e p o i n t :A m o t h e r t o o kh e r t h r e e s o n s f o r a no u t i n g t oan e a r b y d a m.W h e n t h eb o y s a s k e d i f t h e y c o u l dd i v e do f f an e w l y c o n s t r u c t e db r i d g e ,t h e i r r e q u e s tw a sm e t w i t had e f i n i t en o .N o to n l y w a s i ta 13-f o o td r o p t ot h ew a t e r ,t h e m o t h e r p o i n t e do u t ,b u t t h e r em i g h t b e s u b m e r g e do b s t a c l e s (暗礁)t h a t c o u l db e ad e a t h t r a p.H o w e v e r t h em i d d l e s o n w a s n o t c o n v i n c e d .A t h i s s u g g e s t i o nh i s e l d e r b r o t h e r v e n t u r e d i n t o t h ew a t e r a n d s u r v e y e d t h e a r e aw h e r e t h e y w a n t e dt o j u m p .T h ed e p t ho f t h ew a t e rw a s f i n e ,a sw e l la sb e i n g wi t h o u t142 附录二。

2023年四级英语试卷

2023年四级英语试卷Part I: Listening Comprehension (25 points)Section A: Sentence Completion (5 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear a sentence or short passage and you will be asked to complete the sentence or answer a question about the passage. Listen carefully and choose the best answer from the options given.1. A: Did you go to the concert last night?B: No, I wanted to, but I _________. (A) had to work late(B) missed the bus(C) lost my ticket2. A: What are you planning to do during the summer break?B: I haven't decided yet, but _________. (A) I might go on a road trip(B) I'm going to stay at home(C) I will start a part-time job3. A: Are you going to the meeting this afternoon?B: I'm not sure, _________. (A) I might have a conflict(B) I haven't received the invitation yet(C) I will check my schedule later4. A: Can you lend me your car for the weekend?B: I'm sorry, _________. (A) I have already promised it to someone else(B) I need it for a road trip(C) I'm not comfortable lending it to others5. A: How was your trip to London?B: It was amazing. _________. (A) I visited many famous landmarks(B) I stayed at a luxurious hotel(C) I had a business conference thereSection B: Conversation (10 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear several conversations. Listen carefully and answer the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the options given.6. Woman: Have you heard about the new art exhibition at the museum?Man: Yes, I have. I heard it's really impressive. _______.Question: What does the man mean? (A) He thinks the exhibition is impressive(B) He hasn't heard about the exhibition(C) He doesn't think the exhibition is impressive7. Woman: Did you get the email from the professor about the assignment?Man: No, I didn't. _______.Question: What does the man mean? (A) He received the email from the professor(B) He didn't receive the email from the professor(C) He is not sure if he received the email8. Man: Can you help me with the math problem?Woman: Of course. _______.Question: What does the woman mean? (A) She is willing to help the man(B) She is unable to help the man(C) She is busy at the moment9. Woman: Are you going to the party tonight?Man: I wish I could, but _______.Question: What does the man mean? (A) He wants to go to the party(B) He is unable to attend the party(C) He is unsure about going to the party10. Man: I heard the company is looking to hire new employees.Woman: Yes, I saw the job posting online. _______.Question: What does the woman mean? (A) She is interested in the job posting(B) She hasn't seen the job posting(C) She is not interested in the job postingSection C: Passage (10 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage. Listen carefully and answer the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the options given.11. In the passage, the speaker talks about _______.(A) the benefits of exercise(B) the importance of a healthy diet(C) the negative effects of stress12. According to the speaker, regular exercise can _______.(A) improve mental health(B) help with weight loss(C) prevent chronic diseases13. The speaker mentions that exercise can _______.(A) increase energy levels(B) reduce the risk of depression(C) improve sleep quality14. The speaker suggests that _______.(A) everyone should exercise for at least an hour every day(B) it is important to find an exercise routine that suits one's interests(C) exercise is only beneficial for physical health15. The speaker concludes by saying that _______.(A) exercise is the key to a long and happy life(B) exercise should be the top priority for everyone(C) a balanced lifestyle includes both exercise and a healthy dietPart II: Reading Comprehension (40 points)Section A: Multiple Choice (10 points)Directions: In this section, you will read several passages. Choose the best answer to each question based on the information given in the passage.Passage 1A survey conducted among university students revealed that the majority of them struggle with time management. Many students find it difficult to balance their academicresponsibilities with their personal lives. In order to improve time management skills, experts suggest creating a schedule, setting realistic goals, and eliminating distractions.16. What does the survey among university students reveal?(A) They excel in time management.(B) They struggle with time management.(C) They have balanced personal lives.17. According to experts, how can time management skills be improved?(A) By creating a schedule.(B) By setting unrealistic goals.(C) By increasing distractions.Passage 2Research shows that reading for pleasure has numerous benefits. It can improve vocabulary, enhance critical thinking skills, and reduce stress. Reading can also broaden one's perspective and increase empathy. To encourage reading, schools should provide a variety of books, create reading spaces, and organize book clubs.18. What are the benefits of reading for pleasure?(A) Improving vocabulary and reducing stress.(B) Enhancing critical thinking skills and increasing empathy.(C) Broadening perspectives and organizing book clubs.19. How can schools encourage reading?(A) By providing a variety of books.(B) By reducing reading spaces.(C) By organizing book clubs.Section B: Cloze Test (10 points)Directions: In this section, you will read a passage with 10 blanks. Fill in each blank with the correct word based on the context provided.Passage 1Sleep is essential for our overall well-being. Lack of sleep can lead to (20) _______ problems, such as difficulty concentrating, memory loss, and decreased productivity. It is recommended that adults get at least 7-9 (21) _______ of sleep each night. To improve sleep quality, establish a (22) _______ routine, create a comfortable sleep (23) _______, and avoid caffeine and electronics before bed. Remember, a good night's sleep is crucial for a healthy body and mind.20. (A) cognitive (B) physical (C) emotional21. (A) hours (B) minutes (C) seconds22. (A) consistent (B) irregular (C) occasional23. (A) environment (B) space (C) timeSection C: Reading Comprehension (20 points)Directions: In this section, you will read several passages. Answer the questions based on the information given in each passage.Passage 1According to a recent study, regular exercise can improve brain function and memory. The study followed a group of individuals aged 60 and above for a period of six months. The participants were divided into two groups - one group engaged in regular physical exercise, while the other group did not. The results showed that the group that exercised regularly performed significantly better on memory tests compared to the group that did not exercise.24. What was the purpose of the recent study?(A) To improve brain function in individuals aged 60 and above.(B) To compare memory tests between two groups of individuals.(C) To study the effects of regular exercise on brain function and memory.25. How long did the study last?(A) Six days.(B) Six months.(C) Six years.Passage 2Climate change is a pressing issue that requires immediate action. The increase in greenhouse gas emissions has led to rising global temperatures, extreme weather events, and the loss of biodiversity. It is crucial for individuals, governments, and businesses to take steps towards reducing carbon emissions and adopting sustainable practices. Renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, should be promoted and invested in to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels.26. What are the consequences of greenhouse gas emissions?(A) Rising global temperatures and extreme weather events.(B) The loss of biodiversity and renewable energy sources.(C) The promotion and investment in sustainable practices.27. What is the main message of the passage?(A) The need for immediate action to address climate change.(B) The importance of rising global temperatures.(C) The reliance on fossil fuels.Part III: Writing (25 points)Directions: In this section, you are required to write an essay of about 200 words on the topic below.Topic: The Impact of Social Media on SocietyIn recent years, social media has become an integral part of our daily lives. It has revolutionized communication, connecting people from all over the world. However, there are both positive and negative effects of social media on society.On the positive side, social media allows individuals to stay connected with friends and family, regardless of distance. It provides a platform for sharing ideas, opinions, and experiences. Social media has also played a significant role in raising awareness about social and political issues. It has given a voice to marginalized groups and facilitated the spread of information and resources.However, there are also negative aspects of social media. It can contribute to feelings of loneliness and depression, as people compare themselves to others and strive for unrealistic standards. Cyberbullying and online harassment have also become prevalent issues. Moreover, the constant exposure to curated content and fake news can lead to misinformation and polarization.In conclusion, social media has had a profound impact on society. It has transformed the way we communicate and interact, but it also comes with challenges. It is important for individuals to use social media responsibly and critically evaluate the information they encounter. Only then can social media be a force for positive change in our society.Note: This essay is approximately 200 words long.。

(仅供参考)大学英语四级新题型全真模拟-10套模拟试题完整答案和听力文本

❙答案与解析1㊀❙答案与解析T e s t 1P a r tⅠ㊀S a m p l eW r i t i n gT h e p i c t u r ed e p i c t sas c e n a r i oi nac l a s s r o o m w h e nt h et e a c h e r i s t e a c h i n g th es t u d e n t sb a s i c m a t h e q u a t i o n s s u c ha sm u l t i p l i c a t i o na n da s t u d e n t q u e s t i o n s t h en e c e s s i t y o f l e a r n i n g th e s e f u n d a m e n t a l s k i l l s .I n m y o p i n i o n ,t h e b a s i cs k i l l s m u s tb e m a s t e r e d b y hu m a n m i n d sn o m a t t e rh o w t h e m o d e r n t e c h n o l o g y d e v e l o p s .T h ee x p a n s i o no fk n o w l e d g ei s l i k et h ec o n s t r u c t i o no fas k y s c r a p e r .M a n y ofu s h a v e t h ea m b i t i o n t ob u i l d i tw a y u p i n t o t h e s k y ,a sh i g ha s p o s s i b l e .B u tw i t h o u t t h e f o u n d a t i o n ,t h o s e u g l y r o u g hb r i c k s ,t h eb e a u t i f u l l y a m a z i n g h e i g h t o f t h e s k y s c r a p e r c a no n l y e x i s t i n p e o p l e s i m a gi n a t i o n .T h em u l t i p l i c a t i o n i nm a t h ,s i m p l e f o r m u l a s i n p h y s i c s a n d t h e s y m b o l s f o r c h e m i c a l e l e m e n t s a r e j u s t l i k e t h o s e f o u n d a t i o nb r i c k s .O n l y a f t e rm a s t e r i n g t h e s eb a s i c s k i l l s ,c a no u r l o g i c a n dk n o w l e d geb e e x t e n d e d i n t oh i gh e r p l a c e s .T h u s ,i t i s o f p r o f o u n d s i g n i f i c a n c e t o l e a r n t h eb a s i c s k i l l s .T h e a d v a n c e d t e c h n o l o g y i s j u s t a t o o l t o b eu t i l i z e da n dm a n i p u l a t e db y h u m a n m i n d s .B e f o r ew e t a k ea d v a n t a geo f t h e m ,w em u s th a v ea s o l i d ,c o n c r e t ek n o w l e d geb a s e .P a r tⅡ1.B ㊀2.C ㊀3.B ㊀4.A ㊀5.D ㊀6.D ㊀7.C ㊀8.A ㊀9.C ㊀10.D ㊀11.B ㊀12.D ㊀13.A14.C ㊀15.D ㊀16.B ㊀17.B ㊀18.C ㊀19.A ㊀20.D ㊀21.C ㊀22.B ㊀23.D ㊀24.C ㊀25.D 26.s t e m s f r o m ㊀27.c o n s e q u e n c e s ㊀28.i l l u s t r a t e s ㊀29.s p r a y ㊀30.i m m e d i a t e r e s u l t s 31.f a i l e d t o p r e d i c t ㊀32.b e n e f i c i a l ㊀33.r e s i s t a n c e ㊀34.m u l t i pl i e d ㊀35.a s e c o n dc u r e P a r tⅢS e c t i o nA ㊀36)F ㊀37)I ㊀38)H ㊀39)L ㊀40)E ㊀41)J ㊀42)D ㊀43)O ㊀44)G ㊀45)CS e c t i o nB ㊀46.B ㊀47.E ㊀48.I ㊀49.G ㊀50.F ㊀51.H ㊀52.C ㊀53.D ㊀54.J ㊀55.CS e c t i o nC56.A.细节题㊂参见文章第二段第二行㊂ ...w h a t e v i d e n c e c a nb eu s e d t o p r o v e t h e mi nc o u r t同时还要注意 p r o v e 与 j u s t i f y 之间的替换㊂57.C.上下文理解题㊂参见文章第三段第二行 H ew i l l s p e n dm o s t o f i sw o r k i n g l i f e t y p i n g mi l l i o n so f w o r d s o nt h o u s a n d so ff o r m s ... ,此处的 t y p i n g ...w o r d so n ...f o r m s 应理解为警探的 r o u t i n e w o r k ( 日常工作 )㊂因此[C ]为正确答案㊂58D.细节题㊂参见文章第四段第三行 E x c e p t i nv e r ys e r i o u s c a s e s l i k em u r d e r s a n d t e r r o r i s t a t t a c k s ,...l i t t l e e f f o r t i s s p e n t o n s e a r c h i n g ,正确把握 e x c e pt 的含义,即可推出遇到这种案件时发生的情况㊂59.B .细节题㊂参见文章第一段㊂ ...h a r d l y r e c o g n i z ea n y r e s e m b l a n c eb e t w e e n ... 60.D.全文主旨题㊂上一题为本题作了很好的铺垫㊂纵观全文,主要讲述的是警探的真实生活和他们出❙答案与解析2㊀❙现在电视荧屏上的形象之间的差别,故选项D 最为合宜㊂61.A.上下文理解题㊂文章第一段第二句指出:‘牛津英语词典“的解释是:t i p 一词是17世纪黑社会的行话,意思是给㊂例如他们说: 要么把命给我㊂而后面的话更加肯定了我们的理解: o r i g i n a l l y af o r mo f t h e f t ... 由此可见,说这话的应该是犯法者㊂62.C.细节题㊂参见文章第二段第二句话, ...i t i s n o t s u i t e d t o a c o u n t r y wi t h o u t a n e s t a b l i s h e d s e r v a n t c l a s s ... ,因内战之前,美国还没有形成服务阶层,小费制也就不适合于这个国家㊂而本句s e r v a n tc l a s s 也激活了对v o id 一词的理解,不难得出答案㊂63.B .细节题㊂参见文章最后一段第二行, t i p p i n g ha sb ec o m eu n i v e r s a l ,n o t l e a s tb e c a u s e ,i na n i n c r e a s i n g l y...t o t a x r e v i e w. (指出给小费比较流行,在很大程度上是因为在现代经济越来越不稳定的情况下,小费可以为不断壮大的服务阶层提供像工资一样可靠的收入㊂)因此[B ]为正确答案㊂64.C.上下文理解题㊂参见文章最后一段第二句: N o ts u r p r i s i n g l y ...a m o n g th ef e w d i e -h a r d s ...q u e s t i o n t h e t i p p i n g s y s t e m [C ]s k e pt i c a l 表示怀疑的最合适㊂65.A.全文主旨题㊂从全文内容看,本文主要讲述了小费制度的形成过程㊂注意区分段落主题与全文主旨的区别㊂P a r tⅣA s t h e c r a d l eo fm a n y d i s t i n g u i s h e d c o m p o s e r s ,E u r o p e i s t h eh o m e t o s y m p h o n i cm u s i c a n d t oo pe r a a sw e l l .C h i n ah a so p e r a ,t o o .T h a t sP e k i n g O p e r a ,w h i c ho r i g i n a t e df r o m B e i j i ng s o m e 200y e a r sa g o d u r i n g th eQi n g D y n a s t y .I t s a p e r f o r m i n g a r t c o m b i n i n g s i n g i n g ,m u s i c ,d a n c i n g an d m a r t i a l a r t s .T h e c o s t u m ee x p o s i t i o n w i l l p r e s e n tt h e 200-y e a r h i s t o r y o ft h i s O r i e n t a l O pe r a a n dt h e p e rf o r m a n c e c o s t u m e s d a t i ng t o th e l a t eQi n g D y n a s t y .T h ec o s t u m ed e s i g na d o p t e de x a g g e r a t i o na n ds y m b o l i cm e a n s a n db r i g h t c o l o r s .T h em a t e r i a l s a r eu n i q u e ,s oa r e t h e t a i l o r i n g s k i l l s .T e s t 2P a r tⅠ㊀S a m p l eW r i t i n gD e v e l o p C o l l e g e S t u d e n t s C r e a t i v eT h i n k i n g A b i l i t yA sw ea l lk n o w ,t h ea b i l i t y t ot h i n kc r e a t i v e l yp l a y sac r u c i a lr o l ei n b o t hi n d i v i d u a la n ds o c i a l d e v e l o p m e n t .H o w e v e r ,w h e nw e c a s u a l l yp i c ku p an e w s p a pe r ,o r t u r no n t h eT V ,k i n d s of c r i t i c i s mo f c o l l eg e s t u d e n t s l a c ko fi n n o v a t i o n a l i d e a sc o m ef l o o d i n g t oo u re y e sa n de a r s .I t i ss a i dth a tc o l l e ge s t u d e n t s a r e g o o d i n l e a r n i n g t h ek n o w l e d g ef r o mt e x t b o o k s ,b u t t h e y a r e r a t h e rw e a k i ng e n e r a t i n g th e i r o w n i d e a s t o s o l v e t h e p r o b l e m s .W h a t c a u s e s t h i s p h e n o m e n o n ?I t h i n k t h e a n s w e r l i e s i n t h ew a yt h a t o u r e d u c a t i o no p e r a t e s .O n e t h eo n eh a n d ,t h e t e s t -o r i e n t e d e d u c a t i o nm o d e l i s t h e p r i m a r y c a u s e .I n t h i sm o d e l ,o u r c o l l e g e s t u d e n t s a r ea c c u s t o m e dt os o l v i n g t h e p r o b l e m so fw h i c ht h es t a n d a r da n s w e r i sk n o w n ,b u tt h e y ar e h a r d l y t a u g h t t o t r yt h e i r o w nn e w i d e a s .T h e u l t i m a t e g o a l o f e d u c a t i o n i s t o g a i n g o o d t e s t r e s u l t s ,n o t t o d e v e l o p o n e s c r e a t i v ew a y o f t h i n k i n g.O n t h eo t h e rh a n d ,s c h o o l s a n d s o c i e t y h a v en o t p r o v i d e de n o u g ho p po r t u n i t i e s f o r c o m m o n s t u d e n t s t o t r y t h e i r o w nn e wi d e a s .W h e na s t u d e n t t h i n k s u p an e wi d e ao n ed a y ,h ew i l l f i n d i t i s n o t s oe a s y to t r y i t o u t .S o m ew o n d e r f u l i d e a s a r ew o e f u l l y l a i dw a s t e d .T h ee d u c a t i o n a la u t h o r i t i e ss h o u l da t t a c h g r e a t e ri m p o r t a n c et o d e v e l o p i n g th es t u d e n t s c r e a t i v e❙答案与解析3㊀❙t h i n k i n g a b i l i t y .W em i g h t s t a r tb y r a i s i n g th es t u d e n t s a w a r e n e s so f t h e i s s u e ,a n dt h e nt a k ee f f e c t i v e m e a s u r e s t oa d j u s tt h e g o a lo fc o l l e g ee d u c a t i o n ,t o p r o v i d e m o r eo p p o r t u n i t i e s ,a n ds e tu p are w a r d s y s t e mt oe n c o u r a g e c r e a t i v e t h i n k i n g on t h e p a r t o f s t u d e n t s .P a r tⅡ1.D ㊀2.C ㊀3.D ㊀4.B ㊀5.C ㊀6.B ㊀7.A ㊀8.C ㊀9.C ㊀10.B ㊀11.C ㊀12.A ㊀13.D ㊀14.D ㊀15.B ㊀16.B ㊀17.A ㊀18.D ㊀19.B ㊀20.D ㊀21.C ㊀22.B ㊀23.B ㊀24.A ㊀25.C 26.c h a l l e n g e ㊀27.d e p e n d e n c eo n ㊀28.h i g h l y a u t o m a t e d ㊀29.p r o p o r t i o n ㊀30.d o m i n a t e 31.P r o v i s i o n ㊀32.i s r e s p o n s i b l e f o r ㊀33.g e o g r a ph i c a l ㊀34.d e t e r m i n a t i o n ㊀35.v a s t d i m e n s i o n s P a r tⅢS e c t i o nA ㊀36.I ㊀37.B ㊀38.J ㊀39.E ㊀40.M ㊀41.H ㊀42.O ㊀43.L ㊀44.F ㊀45.NS e c t i o nB ㊀46.D ㊀47.E ㊀48.B ㊀49.J ㊀50.A ㊀51.I ㊀52.D ㊀53.G ㊀54.C ㊀55.GS e c t i o nC56.B .全文主旨题㊂文中多次出现t r a n s m i t t i n g,c u l t u r a l t r a n s m i s s i o n ,t h e t r a n s m i s s i o no f c u l t u r e 等核心词㊂57.D.细节题㊂根据第二段第一句 T h e g r a n d t o t a l ...a s t h e c u l t u r eo f a g r o u p(社会上每一代人传给下一代人的所有物体㊁知识㊁行为方式㊁习惯㊁价值和态度等的全部总和就构成了人类学家所经常提及的群体文化㊂)可知,答案A ㊁B ㊁C 中分别提到的知识㊁生产技术㊁生活方式价值观念等都属于文化概念的范畴㊂第二段第二句还提到,文化的传递是人类针对其他物种赖以适应环境的本能(i n s t i n c t) 的替代品,可见答案D 中的生物本能(b i o l o gi c a l i n s t i n c t ) 不属于文化范畴㊂58.C.生词推测题㊂根据第一段最后一句 t h ec u l t u r a l h e r i t a g e f r o mt h e p r e c e d i n gge n e r a t i o n (来自上一代人的文化)推断,可传递的且与文化相关的事物很可能是传统习俗或文化遗产 ,故选C ㊂59.D.细节题㊂参见第一段第一㊁二句 M a n i s e n d l e s s l y in v e n t i v e .B u th i s g r e a t e s t i n v e n t i o n ...w h i c h pr e c e d e dh i m. (人类的发明创造力无时不在㊂然而人类最伟大的发明还是毫无发明创造 ,即人们把从上一代学来的基本行为方式完整地㊁一成不变地传给下一代的机能㊂)60.D.细节题㊂参见第二段最后一句 Y e ti t (c u l t u r a lt r a n s m i s s i o n )i s m o r ef l e x i b l e ...a n y ot h e r s pe c i e s . (然而文化的传递比本能更灵活㊁更有生长力;也就是说,文化传递能储存新信息,其速度远远超过任何其他物种通过生物进化过程来丰富其本能储备量的速度㊂)61.D.全文主旨题㊂第一㊁二㊁三段概述了浮游生物特征,随后两段以k r i l l(磷虾)为例,进步阐述浮游生物的食物价值㊂62.B .细节题㊂参见第一段最后二句 I nt h e p o t e n t i a l f o o dv a l u e ....t h e s e a s p l a n k t o n g e n e r a t e sm o r et h a n t w i c ea sm u c h .(然而,浮游生物的潜在食物价值远胜过陆地上的草㊂根据一位科学家的估计,全世界陆地草每年产出490亿吨宝贵的碳水化合物,而海洋浮游生物的碳水化合物产出量则是其两倍㊂)63.C.细节题㊂参见第三段:尽管还没有人认真提出浮游生物包会像汉堡包一样普及全球㊂但作为一种潜在的可培植的补充食物源,浮游生物正引起海洋科学家的极大兴趣㊂64.B .细节题㊂参见第四段倒数第3句 b e c a u s eo f t h e i r p i n kc o l o r ... ㊂65.D.细节题㊂参见第一段第三句㊁最后一句㊂全文对p l a n k t o n 的化学成分是否含有污染物只字未提㊂P a r tⅣZ h o n g Q i uJ i e ,a l s ok n o w na s t h e M i d -A u t u m nF e s t i v a l ,i sc e l e b r a t e do nt h e 15t hd a y oft h e 8t h❙答案与解析4㊀❙m o n t ho f t h e l u n a r c a l e n d a r .I t i s a t i m e f o r f a m i l y m e m b e r s a n d l o v e do n e s t o g a t h e r a n de n j o y th e f u l l m o o n -a s y m b o l o f a b u n d a n c e ,h a r m o n y a n d l u c k .A d u l t sw i l l u s u a l l y i n d u l ge i nd e l i c i o u sm o o n -c a k e sw h i l e t h e l i t t l eo n e s r u na r o u n dw i t h t h e i r r a b b i t l a n t e r n s .Z h o n g Q i uJ i e p r o b a b l y b e ga na s ah a r v e s t f e s t i v a l .T h e f e s t i v a lw a s l a t e r g i v e na m y t h o l o g i c a lf l a v o r w i t hl e g e n d so fC h a n g -E ,t h eb e a u t i f u l l a d y i nt h e m o o n .I n t h e 14t hc e n t u r y ,e a t i n g m o o n -c a k e s a tZ h o n g Q i u J i ew a s g i v e n a n e w m e a n i n g .T h e s t o r y g o e s t h a tw h e nZ h uY u a nZ h a n g w a s p l o t t i n g t oo v e r t h r o wt h eY u a nD y n a s t y ,t h e r e b e l s h id t he i rm e s s a ge s i n t h em o o n -c a k e s .Z h o n g Q i u J i e i s h e n c e a l s o a c o m m e m o r a t i o nof t h e o v e r t h r o wo f t h eM o ng o l i a n s b yt h e H a n p e o p l e .T e s t 3P a r tⅠ㊀S a m p l ew r i t i n gA M o t i v a t i o nS pe e c h H e l l o ,e v e r y o n e !T h a n k sf o rc o m i ngh e r ef o r m y s p e e c h .M y t o pi c i sa b o u t g o a l s e t t i n g,a ni s s u e p a r t i c u l a r l y r e l a t e dt o y o u t h ef i r s t -y e a rc o l l e g es t u d e n t s .F r o m t h e m o m e n t y o us t e p p e d o n t ot h i s c a m p u s ,an e w ,e x c i t i n g e p i s o d eo f y o u ra d u l t l i f es t a r t e dt ou n f o l di nf r o n to f y o u .H a v e y o ue v e r t h o u g h t a b o u th o w y o u a r e g o i n g t o g ot h r o u g h t h ef o l l o w i n g fo u r y e a r s ?D o y o u g i v e y o u r s e l fa m e a n i n g f u l ,u n f o r g e t t a b l e e x p e r i e n c e ?T h e f i r s t s t e p t od o s o ,i n m y o p i n i o n ,i s t os e td e f i n i t e g o a l s f o r y o u r s t u d y a n d l i f e r i g h t a t t h eb e g i n n i n g o f y o u r c o l l e g e e d u c a t i o n .W h y i s s e t t i n gg o a l s s o i m p o r t a n t ?F i r s t o f a l l ,g o a l s c a nh e l py o ud o ,b e ,a n de x p e r i e n c e e v e r y t h i n g y o uw a n t i n l i f e .I n s t e a do f j u s t l e t t i n g l i f eh a p p e n t o y o u ,g o a l s a l l o w y o u r s e l f t o t a k ec o n t r o l a n dm a k e y o u r l i f eh a p p e n .T h a t i s ,g o a l s a r e t h e g u i d e i n y o u r l o n g w a y t o s u c c e s s .I f y o uh a v e a g o a l ,i tw o u l db e m u c he a s i e r f o r y o u t ok n o w w h a t y o us h o u l dd on e x t .S e c o n d l y ,g o a l sw i l lh e l py o u m a n a ge y o u r t i m e m o r e ef f i c i e n t l y .T i m eo nc a m p u s i sm u c hm o r e f r e ea n df l e x i b l e .A n d t i m e f l i e s .W i t h o u tg o a l s t ok e e p y o uo n th e ri g h t t r a c k ,i t s e a s y f o r s t u d e n t s t o l o s ec o n t r o l o f t h e i r t i m e ,w a n d e r i n g a i m l e s s l y f r o m o n e d a y t oa n o t h e ra n df i n a l l y e n d i n g u p f e e l i n g l i k eaf a i l u r e .W h a t s m o r e ,g o a l sa r et h ei m pe t u sw h i c h s t i m u l a t e s y o u t om a k et h e m o s tof y o u r p o t e n t i a l a b i l i t y .M a n y s u c c e s s f u l p e o p l ea i m h i gh ,s t r i v eh a r d a n dm a k eam i r a c l eo f t h e m s e l v e s i n t h e p r o c e s s o f p u r s u i n g th e i r g o a l s .S ol e t ss e t g o a l sa n d f o l l o w t h r o u g h o nt h e m.T h i n k c a r e f u l l y :W h a ta r e y o u rs t r e n g t h sa n d w e a k n e s s e s ?W h a t d o y o uw a n t i n y o u r l i f e ?W h a t c a r e e r d o y o uh o p e t ob u i l d ?W h a t p r e pa r a t i o n s s h o u l d y o u rm a k e f o r y o u r f u t u r e p o s i t i o n i ns o c i e t y ?F i n dt h ea n s w e r sa n dt h e n g e t t h e r eb y m a k i n gpl a n sa n d s e t t i n gg o a l s .S o m e t i m e s y o u rd r e a m o rm i s s i o na p p e a rb et o ol a r g ea n dt o od i f f i c u l t t of u l f i l l .I nt h a t c a s e ,y o un e e d t ob r e a k i t d o w n i n t o s m a l l e r ,s h o r t -t e r m g o a l s ,w h i c hw i l l t a k e y o u f o r w a r d s t e p b y s t e p t o y o u r f i n a l d e s t i n a t i o n .P a r tⅡ1.B ㊀2.D ㊀3.C ㊀4.A ㊀5.D ㊀6.B ㊀7.C ㊀8.A ㊀9.B ㊀10.C ㊀11.A ㊀12.D ㊀13.A14.C ㊀15.A ㊀16.B ㊀17.D ㊀18.D ㊀19.C ㊀20.D ㊀21.A ㊀22.D ㊀23.B ㊀24.B ㊀25.D26.t r e a t m e n t s ㊀27.p r o c e d u r e s ㊀28.c l a r i t y ㊀29.t h e r i s k s a n d r e a l i t i e s ㊀30.r e s t r i c t i o n s ㊀31.m e d i c a l q u a l i f i c a t i o n s ㊀32.i n f e c t e d ㊀34.h a n d i c a p p e d ㊀35.W i n du p w i t h ㊀36.ga z e s i n t o❙答案与解析5㊀❙P a r tⅢS e c t i o nA ㊀36.F ㊀37.G ㊀38.K ㊀39.B ㊀40.E ㊀41.O ㊀42.A ㊀43.J ㊀44.I ㊀45.N S e c t i o nB ㊀46.H ㊀47.C ㊀48.A ㊀49.D ㊀50.C ㊀51.B ㊀52.G ㊀53.H ㊀54.I ㊀55.F S e c t i o nC56.D.细节推断题㊂本文第三段提到,由于室内正常气压与龙卷风中心低气压的差异,平均每平方英寸有2磅的向外压力不能被向内的压力抵消㊂根据第四段第三句 B u t i f t h ew i n d o w s a r e s h u t t i g h t l y,t h e e n o r m o u s i n s i d e p r e s s u r em a y c a u s e t h eb u i l d i n g tob u r s t . 可推知,紧闭的窗户使内外空气不流通,室内压力积聚,最后巨大的室内压力导致房屋爆裂㊂57.B .细节题㊂参见第四段第一㊁二句 I f t h ew i n d o w s a r eo p e n ...o u t s i d e t h eb u i l d i n g. (若打开楼房窗户,室内的一些空气可以流出㊂这将使楼房内外压力得以平衡㊂)58.B .细节题㊂参见第四段第四㊁五句 U n f o r t u n a t e l y ,h e a v y ra i n a n d h a i l o f t e n o c c u r i n t h u n d e r s t o r m s ...m a y c a u s e f a rw o r s ed a m a ge l a t e r . (不幸的是,雷暴雨往往先带来大雨与冰雹,随后便产生龙卷风㊂所以人们经常要关闭所有门窗以保护室内财产㊂)59.A.生词猜测题㊂参见最后一段 B e f o r e t h i sw a t e r e v a p o r a t e s i t i s l i f t e da na v e r a g eo f 80f e e t t h r o u gh t r u n k s a n db r a n c h e s .A n y o n e t h i n k s t h i s a t r i f l e w o u l dd ow e l l t ow o r ko u t h o w m a n y b u c k s i tw o u l d m e a n ,t ow h i c hf l o o r .Q u i t ea c o n s i d e r a b l ea c h i e v e m e n t . (这20顿水分在蒸发之前先要沿树干与树枝平均每日上升80英尺㊂如果有人认为这只是小事一桩,试想一下20吨的水上升80英尺意味着要提多少桶水爬多少层楼㊂)60.C.细节题㊂选项A ㊁B ㊁D 分别可在最后一段的第一句㊁第四句和倒数第四句找到依据㊂61.D.推断题㊂本文开始提到欧洲货币统一是 ah u g e e c o n o m i c e x p e r i m e n t (大型的经济试验)㊂无人知道 w h a t i s g o i n g t oh a p p e n (将发生什么);接下来列举了欧元支持者与反对者两方面的看法,参见第一段第三句 T h e f a n s o fE MUs a y ... ,第二段第一句 T h ec r i t i c s o f t h e s i n g l ec u r r e n c y s a y... ㊂由此可推知作者对欧元的未来保持客观中立的态度㊂62.A.细节题㊂参见第二段第二句 T h e y w a r n t h a t a c e n t r a l l y s e t i n t e r e s t r a t e ...t e n s i o n s i nE u r o pe (他们告诫说,统一的货币利率未必适应于欧元使用区的各个地区,实际上还可能加剧欧洲的经济紧张㊂)63.A.细节题㊂参见最后一段第一句 A l t h o u g he u r on o t e sa n dc o i n sw i l ln o ta p p e a ru n t i l 1J a n u a r y 2002... (尽管直到2002年,欧元才以纸币或硬币形式出现 )㊂故D 对(在2000年,欧元还不会以纸币或硬币形势流通㊂)㊂64.C.推断题㊂根据倒数第二段第一句 T h ee u r oa n di t s g u a r d i a n ...i nt h e w o r l de c o n o m y an dt h e w o r l d s f i n a n c i a l s ys t e m (欧元及其保护者欧洲中央银行将不得不在全球经济和金融体系中证明自己的价值),这意味着作者暗示欧元在1999年欧元正式成为欧洲统一货币后可能遇到困难㊂答案A ㊁D的内容是作者明说的,非暗示,参见第63题㊂65.B .多处细节题㊂A 项在第一段第三句可找到依据;D ㊁C 项可在第三段找到依据;而B 项望文生义,认为欧元将与美元及其他货币相冲突(a c ta g a i n s t ),此句意曲解了本文倒数第二段最后一句的意思 F r o mt h e no n ,t h ev a l u eo ft h ee u r oa ga i n s tt h ed o l l a ra n da l lo t h e rc u r r e n c i e s ...w i l lf l u c t u a t e a c c o r d i n g tom a r k e t c o n d i t i o n s . (从此,欧元相对于美元以及所有其他货币的价值包括欧元区以外的四个成员国的货币将根据市场因素而波动㊂)P a r tⅣI nC h i n a , N a k e dm a r r i a g e s ,a l s ok n o w na s p r o p e r t y -l e s s o n e s a r ek n o w n ,a r e e n d o r s e d /a c c e p t e db y i n c r e a s i n g n u m b e r s o f y o u n gp e o p l e .B u t a s t h e yg e to l d e r ,t h e i ra t t i t u d e sm a y c h a n g e .M o r t g a g e so f t e n p r e c e d em a r r i a g e s .A c c o r d i n g t o p o p u l a rb e l i e f ,i fa m a na n dh i sf a m i l y c a n n o tb u yp r o p e r t y he w i l l s t r u g g l e t of i n dab r i d e .I nc h o o s i ng ah u s b a n d ,t h r e e -q u a r t e r s o fw o m e nc o n si d e rh i s a b i l i t y to p r o v i d ea❙答案与解析6㊀❙h o m e ,a c c o r d i n g t oar e c e n t s u r v e y o f y o u n gp e o pl e i n C h i n a sc o a s t a l c i t i e s .E v e ni faw o m a nh e r s e l f d i s m i s s e s t h i s c r i t e r i o n ,h e r f a m i l y a n d f r i e n d s ,n o t t om e n t i o n t h e c o u n t r y s e s t a t e a ge n t s ,w i l l n o t l e t h e rf o rg e t i t .T e s t 4P a r t IM y V i e wo n I n t e r n e tA s aL e a r n i n g Re s o u r c e W i t h t h e d e v e l o p m e n t of i n f o r m a t i o n t e c h n o l og y ,I n t e r n e t i s p l a y i n g a n i n c r e a s i n g l y i m po r t a n t r o l e i n o u rw o r ka n d l i f e ,g r o w i n g i n t oa c o m p r e h e n s i v e t o o l f o r l e a r n i n g ,c o m m u n i c a t i o na n de n t e r t a i n m e n t .A s a l e a r n i n g r e s o u r c e ,I n t e r n e t h a s q u i t ean u m b e r o f a d v a n t a g e s o v e r t r a d i t i o n a l l e a r n i n g ma t e r i a l s i n t h e c l a s s r o o m.F i r s t ,t h e r e s o u r c e s o n t h e I n t e r n e t c a nb ee a s i l y ac c e s s e da n dr e n e w ed p r o m p t l y .A s a re s u l t ,i t c a n c a t e r t o t h e d e m a n d s of t h e d i f f e r e n t p e o p l ew i t h i t s v a s t s t o r e o f i n f o r m a t i o n .S e c o n d ,m o r e a n dm o r e c o l l eg e s t u d e n t sa r eu s i n g I n t e r n e t i ta sa ne x t e n s i o nf o rc l a s s r o o ml e a r n i n g.W e p r a c t i c eo r a l E n g l i s h s k i l l s b y w a t c h i n g E n g l i s h m o v i e s ,a n di m p r o v eo u rr e a d i n g s k i l lb y b r o w s i n g E n gl i s h w e b s i t e s .B e s t o fa l l ,l e a r n i n g -r e s o u r c e so nt h eI n t e r n e ta r e m o s t l y f r e e .P e o p l ec a nd o w n l o a d w h a tt h e y ne e d i n s t e a dof p a y i ng f o r b o o k s .H o w e v e r ,i f n o tw i s e l y u s e d ,I n t e r n e tm a y n e g a t i v e l y a f f e c t o u r l e a r n i n g e f f i c i e n c y.I n t e r n e t i s f u l l o f t e m p t a t i o n s ,f o r i n s t a n c e ,o n l i n e g a m e s a n ds o c i a l c h a t t i n g .I fw ed o n tw a t c hi t ,w e j u s t g e td i s t r a c t e d a n d l o s eo u r s e l f -c o n t r o l ,w a s t i n g v a l u e t i m ew i t h o u t a c c o m p l i s h i n g o r i gi n a l t a s k .I nm y o p i n i o n ,I n t e r n e t h a s b e c o m e p a r t o f l i f e .W e s h o u l d t a k e g o o d a d v a n t a g e s o f t h e I n t e r n e t a n d m a k e s e n s eo f t h ed y n a m i c ,c o n f u s i n g w o r l d .P a r tⅡ1.A ㊀2.C ㊀3.D ㊀4.B ㊀5.B ㊀6.A ㊀7.C ㊀8.C ㊀9.C ㊀10.A ㊀11.A ㊀12.D ㊀13.B14.B ㊀15.D ㊀16.C ㊀17.B ㊀18.D ㊀19.A ㊀20.C ㊀21.B ㊀22.D ㊀23.A ㊀24.B ㊀25.A26.r e l a t i v i t y ㊀27.s t r e t c h i n g o r s h r i n k i n g ㊀28.a r o c k e t t r i p t o ㊀29.I ne f f e c t ㊀30.s u r f a c e 31.i n t e n s e ㊀32.d e m o n s t r a t e d ㊀33.c o n t r o v e r s i a l ㊀34.a ne x i t a sw e l l a s a ne n t r a n c e ㊀35.c o l l a p s e P a r tⅢS e c t i o nA ㊀36.B ㊀37.K ㊀38.I ㊀39.E ㊀40.G ㊀41.M ㊀42.D ㊀43.A ㊀44.N ㊀45.H S e c t i o nB ㊀46.F ㊀47.G ㊀48.C ㊀49.J ㊀50.H ㊀51.I ㊀52.B ㊀53.D ㊀54.E ㊀55.E ㊀S e c t i o nC56.D.全文主旨题㊂本文主要讨论食盐的过度摄取及其健康隐患(高血压)㊂57.D.推断题㊂根据第一段第四㊁五句提到 I tm a k e s t h eb o d y re t a i n sf l u i d s ...h e a r t d i s e a s e a n d s t r o k e :钠使人体保留体液,体液保留量的增长可提高总血容量,从而导致血压升高㊂在食盐摄入不受限制的地区,很多人患上慢性高血压,而慢性高血压又是导致心脏病与中风的主要因素㊂由此可见,食盐是导致心脏病的间接因素㊂58.C.数字推论计算题㊂参见第二段第一句 T h eb o d y o fa na d u l tn e e d so n l y a b o u t 200m i l l i g r a m so f s o d i u mad a y t h ea m o u n t i n 500m i l l i g r a m s ,o r 1/10o f t e a s po o n ,o f s a l t (一个成人每天仅需要200毫克钠相当于500毫克盐,即十分之一茶勺盐中的钠含量㊂)由此可知,1茶勺食盐的钠含量是❙答案与解析7㊀❙2000毫克(200ˑ10);根据第1段倒数第2句:日本北方农民每天食用6茶勺盐(s i x t e a s p o o n s ad a y),其中钠含量可推断为12000毫克(2000ˑ6),故选C ㊂59.B .生词猜测题㊂根据第二段第三句 a s h a r p re d u c t i o n i s r e c o m m e n d e d 可知,权威人士建议大量减少食盐用量;最后一段第一句认为,采纳此建议意味着食品中缺少盐这种调味剂,食品必然淡而无味很难吃㊂60.C.细节题㊂参见最后一段第二句 S o s o m e p h y s i c i a n s p r e s c r i b ea s a r e p l a c e m e n t s e a s o n i n gp o t a s s i u m c h l o r i d e ,w h i c h t a s t e s s a l t y bu t c o n t a i n sn o s o d i u m. (因此一些医生建议病人用氯化钾充当替代调味剂,氯化钾有咸味但不含钠㊂)本题询问医生建议病人食用氯化钾的主要原因,选项B (不含钠)并非主要原因㊂61.A.参见第一段 P r o t e s t sa t t h eu s eo fa n i m a l s ...t h e p r e -p l a n t e dc a r -b o m b . 和第二段第一句 T h e r e s e a r c hc o m m u n i t y w i l l r i g h t l y b ea l a r m e da t t h e s ed e v e l o pm e n t s (对于用动物做试验的抗议活动在英国出现新的令人生畏的发展迹象有人试图通过安置汽车炸弹的恐怖手段谋害领命英国科学家㊂对这些发展情况,科研群体完全有理由感到惊恐㊂)62.B .细节题㊂参见第二段最后一句 T h e p r o f e s s i o n a l p o l i c ew i l l s i m i l a r l y b ec o n f r o n t e db y th eu s u a l p r o b l e mo f f i n d i n g an e e d l e i nah a y s t a c k . (警察同样将面临以往那样大海捞针的困难㊂)63.B .指代关系判断题㊂参见第三段第二句 T h e r e a r e s e v e r a l s t e ps t h a t c a nb e t a k e n ,o fw h i c h t h e c h i e f o n e i s t od e m a n do fa l l t h eo r g a n i z a t i o n s t h a te x i s tw i t ht h ed e c l a r e do b j e c t i v e so f s a f e g u a r d i n g t h e i n t e r e s t s o f a n i m a l s t h a t t h e y... (目前已采取数项措施,其中主要的一项是要求所有以保护动物利益为明确目标的组织清楚地声明他们在反人类的暴力行为问题上的立场㊂)该长句结构 d e m a n do fa l lt h eo r ga n i z a t i o n s (t h a t e x i s t sw i t h ...a n i m a l s )t h a t ... 是动词词组 d e m a n d s t ho f sb 的变异用法,其中 t h a t e x i s t sw i t h ...a n i m a l s 为修饰o r g a n i z a t i o n s 的定语从句㊂64.B .全文主旨题㊂本文第一㊁二段提及有人为抗议利用动物做试验而对科学家采取恐怖活动,警方与防御研究协会随即对恐怖分子展开追查,但破案成功的机率不大㊂因此作者在第三段提出,研究人员要更加积极自我防卫,采取有效措施,其中一项措施就是要求动物保护协会明确表态不参与暴力活动㊂参见第三段第二句与倒数第三句 ...m e m b e r sa n dw o u l d -b e m e m b e r s s h o u l dd e c l a r et h a t t h e y w i l l t a k en o p a r t i na c t s o f v i o l e n c e a g a i n s t h u m a nb e i n gs . 可见作者写作目的是要求动物保护组织放弃暴力㊂65.D.细节题㊂参见第三段第一㊁二句 T h a t i sw h y t h e i n t e l l e c t u a l c o m m u n i t y inB r i t a i na n de l s e w h e r e m u s t a c tm o r ea c t i v e l y i n i t s o w nd e f e n s e .T h e r ea r e s e v e r a l s t e ps t h a t c a nb e t a k e n ... (因此无论是英国还是其他地方的知识分子团体都必须积极行动起来保护自己,可以采取多项措施 )P a r tⅣT h ed e v e l o p m e n t o fC h i n a s s o c i a l i s tm a r k e t e c o n o m y r e q u i r e s t h er e f o r m o fo u r s o c i a lw e l f a r ea n d s e c u r i t y s y s t e m ,w h i c hi nt u r nh o l d sh i g h e re x p e c t a t i o n sf o rt h e w o r ko fc o m m u n i t y se r v i c e .W i t ht h e t r a n sf o r m a t i o no fg o v e r n m e n t a l f u n c t i o n s ,th ew o r ki n v o l v i n g s o c i a l s e r v i c e s t h a tw a s i n i t i a l l y un d e r t a k e n b y t h e g o v e r n m e n t w i l l h a v e t o b e t r a n s f e r r e d g r a d u a l l y t o s o c i a l g r o u p s a n d n o n -g o v e r n m e n t a l o r g a n i z a t i o n s .O nt h e o n e h a n d ,t h e g o v e r n m e n t w i l ls h o u l d e r g r e a t e rr e s p o n s i b i l i t i e si ni t s m a c r o -m a n a g e m e n t ;a n do nt h eo t h e rh a n d ,s o c i a l g r o u p sa n d n o n -g o v e r n m e n t a lo r g a n i z a t i o n s w i l ln e e dt o i n v o l v e t h e m s e l v e sm o r e i nc o m m u n i t y s e r v i c e .C o n s e q u e n t l y ,t h e r e e m e r g e dan e wi s s u e c o n c e r n i n g h o w t h e g o v e r n m e n t a n d s o c i a l g r o u p s s h o u l dc o l l a b o r a t e t o p r o m o t e t h ed e v e l o p m e n t o f c o m m u n i t y se r v i c e .❙答案与解析8㊀❙T e s t 5P a r tⅠ㊀S a m p l eW r i t i n gT h eB e s t P a r e n t sB a s e d o n t h e c h i l d -p a r e n t s r e l a t i o n s h i p ,p s y c h o l o g i s t s h a v e i d e n t i f i e d t h r e e t y pe s of p a r e n t s :p e r m i s s i v e ,a u t o c r a t i c a n da u t h o r i t a t i v e .C o n f r o n t e db y a 15-y e a r -o l dw h ow a n t s t oa t t e n daS a t u r d a y -n igh t p a r t y ,a p e r mi s s i v e p a r e n tm i g h t s a y : O k a y ,b u t t r y n o t t os t a y ou t t o ol a t e . P e r m i s s i v e p a r e n t sa r ee i t h e r i n d i f f e r e n t t ot h e i rk i d so r s p o i l t h ek i d s t o om u c h .A na u t o c r a t i c p a r e n tm i g h t r e s p o n d , N o ,y o ua r e t o o y o u n g fo r t h a t . E n do f d i s c u s s i o n .A u t o c r a t i c p a r e n t sd i c t a t e ,d o w nt ot h el a s td e t a i l s .T h ea u t h o r i t a t i v e p a r e n tc o n s i d e r st h ec h i ld s v ie w p o i n t ,t h e nd e c i d e s : Y o uk n o wo u r r u l e a b o u tw e e k e n d s .W e a gr e e do na 10o c l o c k c u r f e w.Y o u c a n g o t o t h e p a r t y i f y o u r eh o m eb y 10. K i d sm a yp r e f e r p e r m i s s i v e p a r e n t sa n dr e b e la g a i n s ta u t o c r a t i c p a r e n t s .U n d o u b t e d l y,t h e m o s t b e n e f i c i a l t o t h ec h i l d r e n s g r o w t hi s t h ea u t h o r i t a t i v es t y l e ,w h i c h g i v e s t h e ml e e w a y b u ta l s os e t s f i r m l i m i t s .C o m i n g d o w nh a r do ne v e r yp e t t y d e t a i l e s c a l a t e sm i n o rd i s a gr e e m e n t s i n t oa l l -o u tw a r f a r e ,a n d m a y a l i e n a t e t h e c h i l d r e n f r o mt h e i r p a r e n t s .O n t h e o t h e r h a n d ,a l l o w i n g k i d s f u l l f r e e d o m m e a n s l e a v i n gt h e m g r o w i n g w i l d .O n l y t h e p a r e n t s w h o a l l o w t h e i r k i d sf r e e d o m w i t h r e s p o n s i b i l i t y ,a n d w i t h i n d i s c i p l i n a r yl i m i t s ,h a v em o r e i n f l u e n c e t h a ne i t h e ra u t o c r a t i c p a r e n t so r p e r m i s s i v eo n e s .C h i l d r e nw i t h a u t h o r i t a t i v e p a r e n t s a l w a y s e n j o y ah e a l t h y en v i r o n m e n t i nw h i c h t o g r o w.P a r tⅡ1.C ㊀2.D ㊀3.B ㊀4.D ㊀5.C ㊀6.B ㊀7.A ㊀8.A ㊀9.C ㊀10.B ㊀11.A ㊀12.C ㊀13.D14.B ㊀15.D ㊀16.D ㊀17.A ㊀18.B ㊀19.C ㊀20.C ㊀21.A ㊀22.D ㊀23.B ㊀24.A ㊀25.C 26.e s s e n t i a l ㊀27.p r i n c i p l e s ㊀28.c o n s t i t u t e ㊀29.r u l e s o f c o n d u c t ㊀30.t r a i t s ㊀31.c o n f u s i o n 32.t a l e n t ,e n e r g y a n d p e r s o n a l i t y ㊀33.l i t e r a t u r e ㊀34.f i g u r e s ㊀35.t h e f o u n d a t i o no f t h e i r l i v e s ㊀P a r tⅣS e c t i o nA ㊀36.D ㊀37.K ㊀38.M ㊀39.C ㊀40.F ㊀41.B ㊀42.N ㊀43.O ㊀44.A ㊀45.G S e c t i o nB ㊀46.E ㊀47.F ㊀48.G ㊀49.A ㊀50.C ㊀51.H ㊀52.J ㊀53.I ㊀54.B ㊀55.C S e c t i o nC56.C.推断题㊂参见第一段第一㊁二句 T h em o s t e x c i t i n g k i n do f e d u c a t i o n ...t h a t i s i m p o r t a n t t o y o u ! (最令人激动的教育也是最个性化的,没有比自己去发现重要的东西更快乐的事了);第1段倒数第3句 S u c h p e r s o n a l e n c o u n t e r s a r e t h e p a y o f f i ne d u c a t i o n (这些个人知识遭遇就是教育中的回报)㊂由 e x c i t i n g , j o y , p a yo f f 等词可推知作者认为个人的知识发现是教育中作有价值的部分㊂57.A.推断题㊂参见第二段第四句 B u t t h e r e s e a r c h p a p e r a l s o g i v e s y o u a c h a n c e t o ...s h o wo t h e r sw h a t yo u c a nd o . (但是写论文还给你提供机会去将学校作业个性化,使一份作业适合你的兴趣与能力,向别人显示你能做些什么)㊂58.D.生词猜测题㊂根据下文中出现的 a n x i e t y ㊁ t h r e a t e n i n g 可推知,d i s c o n c e r t i n g 指令人不安㊁焦虑㊂59.C.全文主旨题㊂参见第二段最后一句 S o ,t o p r o d u c ea g o o dr e s e a r c h p a pe r i sb o t hau s ef u l a n da t h o r o ugh l y s a ti s f y i n g e x p e r i e n c e ! (因此,写一份优秀研究论文是一种既有益又万群令人满足的经历㊂);第三段第三句 B u t t h e s e i s n on e e d t oa p p r o a c h t h e r e s e a r c h p a p e r a s s i gn m e n t ...a no b s t a c l e t o。

2023年12月英语四级改革新题型模拟题一

2023年12月英语四级改革新题型模拟题一Section B(原快速阅读理解调整为长篇阅读理解，篇章长度和难度不变。

篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。

每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。

)Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statementcontains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions bymarking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Caring for elderly parents catches many unprepared[A ] Last July, Julie Baldocchi，s mother had a massive stroke and was paralyzed. Baldocchi suddenly had to become a family caregiver, something that she wasnt prepared for. “I was flying by the seat of my pants,” says Baldocchi, an employment specialist in San Francisco. Both of her parents are 83, and she knew her father couldnt handle her mothers care. The hospital recommended puttingher mother in a nursing home. Baldocchi wasnt willing to do that. But moving her back into her parents home created other problems. Baldocchi, 48, is married and lives about a mile away from her parents. She has a full-time job and has back problems that make it difficult for her to lift her mother. “I couldnt do it all,”she says. “But I didnt even know how to find help.”[B] With help from the Family Caregiver Alliance, she eventually hired a live-in caregiver. “But even if you plan intellectually and legally, youre never ready for the emotional impact,” Baldocchi says. In the first two months after her mothers stroke, she lost about 30 pounds as stress mounted. More than 42 million Americans provide family caregiving for an adult who needs help with daily activities, according to a 2023 survey by the AARP. An additional 61.6 million provided at least some care during the year. And many are unprepared.[C] While many parents lack an advance care directive, its the most basic and important step they can take. The directive includes several parts, including: a durable power of attorney, which gives someone legal authority to make financial decisions on anothers behalf; a health care proxy, which is similar to the power ofattorney, except it allows someone to make decisions regarding medical treatment; and a living will that outlines instructions for end-of-life care. (For example, parents can say if they want to be kept alive by artificial measures.) “Its invaluable for the kids, because its hard to make those decisions for a parent,” says Jennifer Cona, an elder- law attorney at Genser Dubow Genser Cona in Melville, N.Y. An advance care directive is the first lineof defense if a situation arises, says Kathleen Kelly, executive director of the Family Caregiver Alliance, which supports and educates caregivers. Without an advance directive, the family will have to petition the court to be appointed the parents legal guardian, says .[D] Its important for families to talk about long-term care so the adult children know their parents，preferences, wishes and goals, says Lynn Feinberg, a caregiving expert at AARP. But its not an easy conversation. Elderly parents are sometimes suspicious of their childrens financial motives, says Susan John, a financial plannerat Financial Focus in Wolfeboro, N.H. One client asked John to holda family meeting because they needed an intermediary to talk about financial issues, she says. And when there are many siblings, thefamily decisions can become a three-ring circus with much acrimony, says Ann-Margaret Carrozza, an elder-law attorney in Glen Cove, N.Y. Families who need information and help sorting out disagreements can call on elder-law attorneys, financial planners, geriatric care managers and caregiver support groups. In February, AARP said it will offer its members a new caregiving support service through financial services firm Genworth.[E] Many families are unprepared for quick decisions, especially when they find out that Medicare doesnt pay for long-term care, Feinberg says. The median cost of a year in a private room at a nursing home in 2023 was $77,745, according to Genworth. And only those who have spent most of their assets can qualify for Medicaid to pay for the nursing home.[ F] Assisted living is another option. Residents can have their own apartment to maintain some independence. But the facilities generally provide personal care services, such as meals, housekeeping and assistance with activities. Still, its not cheap: The national median cost in 2023 was $39,135, according to Genworth. Assisted living isnt covered by Medicaid.[G ] If they have a choice, at least 90% of elderly parentsprefer to stay at home as long as they can, according to。

英语四级听力新题型模拟听写训练-第2套短篇新闻(1)

英语四级听力新题型模拟听写训练:第2套短篇新闻(1)听力文本：Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.问题1和问题2是关于新闻听力的。

U.S. President Barack Obama has said the time has come for a review on the U.S. immigration system.美国总统巴拉克·奥巴马提出应当对美国的移民体系进行重新审视。

He made his case at a high school in Las Vegas, Nevada, a day after a group of senators outlined a framework for reform.在几名议员制定出移民改革框架一天之后，奥巴马在内华达拉斯威加斯一所高中提出了这一框架。

The White House and senators conceive a path to citizenship for many of an estimated 11 million undocumented immigrants in the U.S.美国有非法移民将近1100万人，通过这一框架美国白宫和议员为其中很多人构想出了一条获得公民身份的途径。

He noted that the current system was "out of date and badly broken".他说目前的移民体系已经“十分陈旧而且支离破碎”。

Mr. Obama's case for an immigration reform reflects a blueprint he rolled out in 2021, though that did not go far.奥巴马此次的移民改革计划影射了他2021年推出的一份草案，当时这份草案没有得到进一步实施。

英语四级考试题型样卷

英语四级考试题型样卷Part I Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Visiting the doctor.B. Traveling to another country.C. Taking a vacation.D. Going to a concert.2. A. In a bookshop.B. In a restaurant.C. In a drugstore.D. In a supermarket.3. A. The woman is uninterested in the pictures.B. The woman doesn't have money to buy the pictures.C. The woman thinks the pictures are too expensive.D. The woman will buy the pictures later.4. A. At 1:30.B. At 2:00.C. At 2:30.D. At 3:00.5. A. He doesn't like his brother's gift.B. He has already received a gift from his brother.C. He is happy with his brother's gift.D. He hates receiving gifts from his brother.6. A. They want to go sightseeing in the city.B. They need directions to the nearest bus stop.C. They are going to walk to the tourist attraction.D. They have no idea how to get to their destination.7. A. The woman should go to the theater earlier.B. The woman can't get two tickets for the show.C. The woman has an extra ticket for the show.D. The woman doesn't want to see the show.8. A. She forgot about the appointment.B. She wants to reschedule the appointment.C. She can't make the appointment.D. She already made the appointment.9. A. She has never tasted curry before.B. She doesn't like spicy food.C. She loves curry.D. She often cooks curry for dinner.10. A. They have traveled to New York City before.B. They have never taken a subway in their hometown.C. They always take the subway to get around.D. They prefer taking a taxi over the subway.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Passage One11. A. Get a job.B. Find a place to live.C. Earn a degree.D. Make friends.12. A. To find a roommate.B. To discuss their favorite subjects.C. To participate in extracurricular activities.D. To get familiar with the campus.13. A. In a library.B. In a bookstore.C. In a café.D. In a classroom.Passage Two14. A. Earthquake preparation.B. Life preservation skills.C. Emergency response.D. Natural disaster prevention.15. A. Monitor warning systems.B. Prepare an emergency kit.C. Evacuate promptly.D. Stay indoors during a disaster.16. A. It provides information about disaster readiness.B. It is a reliable source for weather forecasts.C. It offers services during natural disasters.D. It provides training for emergency responders.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Conversation OneM: Hi, Lisa! What are your plans for the summer vacation?W: I'm going to take a summer course in (17) _______________ because I need to complete some additional credits for graduation.M: That's great! How long will the course last?W: It will run for (18) _______________ from June 1st to July 12th.M: Where will you live during the course?W: I'm planning to (19) _______________ with my cousin who lives in the city.M: How will you get to the campus every day?W: I'll take the (20) _______________ as it is more convenient for me.Conversation TwoW: Hey, John! How was your job interview yesterday?M: It went well, I think. The company is one of the leading (21)_______________ in the technology industry.W: That's impressive! Do they offer any benefits for employees?M: Yes. They provide (22) _______________ to cover medical expenses and a retirement plan.W: That's great! What about working hours?M: They have flexible working hours, which is excellent for (23)_______________ like me.W: Did they mention anything about the salary?M: Yes, they mentioned the starting salary would be around (24)_______________ per month.Part II Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are four reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on your answer sheet.Passage OneQuestions 25 to 28 are based on the following passage.25. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The importance of teamwork in the workplace.B. Leadership strategies in different industries.C. The relationship between leaders and team members.D. The challenges of working in a team.26. According to the passage, what is one of the key characteristics of a successful team leader?A. Setting strict rules for team members.B. Avoiding direct communication with team members.C. Providing support and guidance to team members.D. Taking full credit for the team's achievements.27. What does the author suggest regarding team members' contributions?A. Individual achievements should always be praised by the team leader.B. Team leaders should take all the credit for the team's success.C. Team members should be provided with fair recognition for their efforts.D. Team leaders should prioritize their own goals over the goals of the team.28. What can be inferred about the importance of teamwork in companies?A. Teamwork is not crucial for the success of a company.B. Companies with effective teamwork tend to have higher productivity.C. Teamwork is only beneficial for individual team members.D. Companies should focus on developing individual talents instead of teamwork.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the following passage.29. According to the passage, why did the writer start cooking?A. To lower food expenses.B. To eat healthier meals.C. To impress friends and family.D. To enhance culinary skills.30. What does the writer recommend for beginner cooks?A. Trying complicated recipes to challenge oneself.B. Experimenting with different ingredients and flavors.C. Following step-by-step recipes to improve cooking skills.D. Taking cooking classes to learn from professional chefs.31. How does the writer suggest dealing with cooking failures?A. Throwing away the failed dish and ordering takeout.B. Analyzing the mistakes and learning from them.C. Giving up on cooking and relying on ready-to-eat meals.D. Blaming the recipe for the cooking failure.32. What does the writer suggest in terms of cooking equipment?A. Investing in high-end cooking appliances for better results.B. Using basic kitchen tools and utensils for simple meals.C. Avoiding specialty equipment to save money.D. Trying out different cooking techniques with various equipment. Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the following passage.33. According to the passage, what are microaggressions?A. Aggressive behaviors during social interactions.B. Accidental slips of the tongue during conversations.C. Subtle and everyday discriminatory actions or comments.D. Intentional acts of discrimination and prejudice.34. How do microaggressions affect those who experience them?A. They can cause deep emotional harm and psychological distress.B. They have no long-term effects on individuals' well-being.C. They lead to open conflicts and confrontations.D. They are easily dismissed and forgotten by individuals.35. What does the author suggest regarding the impact of microaggressions?A. Individuals should confront and address microaggressions immediately.B. Microaggressions should be ignored to maintain social harmony.C. Society needs to raise awareness about the harmful effects of microaggressions.D. Individuals should respond to microaggressions with aggressive behavior.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.36. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The history of film festivals in different countries.B. The significance of film festivals in the film industry.C. The types of films showcased at international film festivals.D. The selection process for films at a film festival.37. According to the passage, why are film festivals important for filmmakers?A. They provide a platform for filmmakers to showcase their work.B. They offer financial support for the production of films.C. They guarantee worldwide distribution for selected films.D. They determine the box office success of a film.38. What is the purpose of award ceremonies at film festivals?A. To provide recognition and honor to outstanding films and individuals.B. To generate financial revenue for the film festival organizers.C. To showcase the latest trends and technologies in filmmaking.D. To attract famous actors and directors to the festival.39. According to the passage, what are the criteria for selecting films at a festival?A. Popularity and box office success.B. Positive reviews from film critics.C. Creative and innovative storytelling.D. Approval from government organizations.40. What can be inferred about international film festivals from the passage?A. They cater exclusively to mainstream Hollywood films.B. They are primarily attended by famous actors and directors.C. They play a significant role in promoting cultural exchange and understanding.D. They have limited impact on the film industry.Part III Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark the corresponding letter on your answer sheet.41. They have traveled to many countries, _________ those in Europe and Asia.A. includingB. includesC. includedD. includable42. It is __________ important to take regular breaks during work to avoid burnout.A. highlyB. moreC. mostD. almost43. I tried to contact her, but her phone was __________.A. engagedB. bouncyC. confinedD. shared44. The weather forecast indicates that it will ________ tomorrow.A. showerB. ringC. stretchD. drizzle45. Mark failed the exam again __________ his hard work.A. althoughB. withoutC. despiteD. besides46. The new shopping mall will be ________ in the city center.A. locatedB. locationC. localityD. locating47. I always find it difficult to ________ up early in the morning.B. bringC. setD. catch48. The online course offers participants the opportunity to learn at their ________ pace.A. individualB. singleC. uniqueD. particular49. The students are required to ________ their assignments by the end of the week.A. submitB. commitC. omitD. transmit50. My parents allowed me to go on the trip ________ I completed all my homework.A. untilB. unlessD. oncePart IV Translation51.看到那位老人脸上的笑容，我们顿时感到温馨和幸福。

四级新题型样卷详解

四级新题型官方样卷答案及点评第一节新题型综述一、四级题型变化自2013年12月考次起，全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会将对四、六级考试的试卷结构和测试题型作局部调整。

调整后，四级和六级的试卷结构和测试题型相同。

四级新旧题型的试卷结构、测试内容、测试题型、分值比例和考试时间如下表所示：自2013年12月考次起，全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会将对四、六级考试的试卷结构和测试题型作局部调整。

调整后，四级和六级的试卷结构和测试题型相同。

四级新旧通过上表中新旧题型的对比，可以得知四级考试主要有以下几点变化：1、单词及词组听写原复合式听写调整为单词及词组听写，短文长度及难度不变。

要求考生在听懂短文的基础上，用所听到的原文填写空缺的单词或词组，共10题。

短文播放三遍。

2、长篇阅读原快速阅读理解调整为长篇阅读理解，篇章长度和难度不变。

篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。

每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。

有的段落可能对应两道题，有的段落可能不对应任何一题。

另外，该题型所在的位置也由原来的第二部分改为第三部分。

3、翻译原单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英。

翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。

四级翻译原文的长度为140-160个汉字。

4、完形填空此题型不再考查。

5、考试时间考试时间由原来的125分钟增加到现在的130分钟，时间增加了5分钟，但试题的难度加大了。

二、成绩报道成绩报道分为总分和单项分。

单项分包括：1）听力，2）阅读，3）翻译和写作。

第二节听写新题型样卷透析一、新题型概述原复合式听写包含8道单词听写和3道句子听写，自2013年12月考次起，新题型调整后为单词及词组听写。

二、四级听写新题型样卷分析Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read forthe second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you havejust heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check whatyou have written.Almost every child, on the first day he sets foot in a school building, is smarter, more 26, less afraid of what he doesn’t know, better at finding and 27, more confident, resourceful (机敏的), persistent and 28 than he will ever be again in his schooling—or, unless he is very unusual and very lucky, for the rest of his life. Already, by paying close attention to and 29 the world and people around him, and without any school-type formal instruction, he has done a task far more difficult, complicated and 30 than anything he will be asked to do in school, or than any of his teachers has done for years. He has solved the 31 of language. He has discovered it—babies don’t even know that language exists—and he has found out how it works and learned to use it 32. He has done it by exploring, by experimenting, by developing his own model of the grammar of language, by 33 and seeing whether it works, by gradually changing it and 34 it until it does work. And while he has been doing this, he has been learning other things as well, including many of the “35” that the schools think only they can teach him, and many that are more complicated than the ones they do try to teach him.【参考答案】26. curious 27. figuring things out 28. independent 29. interacting with30. abstract 31. mystery 32. appropriately 33. trying it out34. refining 35. concepts【名师点评】从四级听写样卷的指示语来看，短文共播放三遍，第一遍播放录音时，要求听懂文章的大意；第二遍播放录音时，要求完整写下所听到的内容；第三遍播放录音时，要求检查所填写的内容。

新四级样题(含听力录音材料)

新四级样题(含听力录音材料)大学英语四级考试试点考试样卷 (试题册)Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.LandfillsYou have just finished your meal at a fast food restaurant and you throw your uneaten food, food wrappers,drink cups, utensils and napkins into the trash can. You don’t think about that waste again. On trash pickup day in your neighborhood, you push your can out to the curb, and workers dump the contents into a big truck and haul it away. You don’t have to think about that waste again, either.But maybe you have wondered, as you watch the trash truck pull away, just where that garbage ends up.Americans generate trash at an Astonishing rate of four pounds per day per person; which translates to 600,000 tons per day or 210 million tons per year! This is almost twice as much trash per person as most other major countries. What happens to this trash? Some gets recycled (回收利用)or recovered and some is burned, but the majority is buried in landfills.How Much Trash Is Generated?Of the 210 million tons of trash, or solid waste, generated in the United States annually, about 56 million tons, or 27 percent, is either recycled (glass, paper products, plastic, metals) or composted (做成堆肥) (yard waste). The remaining trash, which is mostly unrecyclable,is discarded.How Is Trash Disposed of ?The trash production in the United States has almost tripled since 1960. This trash is handled in various ways. About 27 percent of the trash is recycled or composted, 16 percent is burned and 57 percent is buried in landfills. The amount of trash buried in landfills has doubled since 1960. The United States ranks somewhere in the middle of the major countries (United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, France and Japan) in landfill disposal. The United Kingdom ranks highest, burying about 90 percent of its solid waste in landfills.What Is a Landfill?There are two ways to bury trash:n Dump—an open hole in the ground where trash is buried and that is full of various animals (rats, mice, birds). (This is most people’s idea of a landfill!) n Landfill—carefully designed structure built into or on top of the ground in which trash is isolated from the surrounding environment (groundwater, air, rain). This isolation is accomplished with a bottom liner and daily covering of soil.¨ Sanitary landfill—land fill that uses a clay liner to isolate the trash from the environment¨ Municipal so lid waste (MSW) landfill—landfill that uses a synthetic (plastic) liner to isolate the trash from the environmentThe purpose of a landfill is to bury the trash in sucha way that it will be isolated from groundwater, will be kept dry and will not be in contact with air. Under these conditions, trash will not decompose (腐烂) much. Alandfill is not like a compost pile, where the purpose isto bury trash in such a way that it will decompose quickly.Proposing the LandfillFor a landfill to be built, the operators have to make sure that they follow certain steps. In most parts of the world, there are regulations that govern where a landfill can be placed and how it can operate. The whole process begins with someone proposing the landfill.In the United States, taking care of trash and building landfills are local government responsibilities. Before a city or other authority can build a landfill, an environment impactstudy must be done on the proposed site to determine:n the area of land necessary for the landfilln the composition of the underlying soil and bedrockn the flow of surface water over the siten the impact of the proposed landfill on the local environment and wildlifen the historical value of the proposed siteBuilding the LandfillOnce the environmental impact study is complete, the permits are granted and the funds have been raised, then construction begins. First, access roads to the landfillsite must be built if they do not already exist. Thereroads will be used by construction equipment, sanitation(环卫) services and the general public. After roads havebeen built, digging can begin. In the North Wake Country Landfill, the landfill began 10 feet below the road surface.What Happens to Trash in a Landfill?Trash put in a landfill will stay there for a very long time. Inside a landfill, there is little oxygen and little moisture. Under these conditions, trash does not break down very rapidly. In fact, when old landfills have been dug upor sampled, 40-year-old newspapers have been found with easily readable print. Landfills are not designed to break down trash, merely to bury it. When a landfill closes, the site, especially the groundwater, must be monitored and maintained for up to 30 years!How Is a Landfill Operated?A landfill, such as the North Wake County Landfill, must be open and available every day. Customers are typically municipalities and construction companies, although residents may also use the landfill.Near the entrance of the landfill is a recycling center where residents can drop off recyclable materials (aluminum cans, glass bottles, newspapers and paper products). This helps to reduce the amount of material in the landfill. Some of these materials are banned from landfills by law because they can be recycled.As customers enter the site, their trucks are weighed at the scale house. Customers are charged tipping fees for using the site. The tipping fees vary from $10 to $40 per ton. These fees are used to pay for operation costs. The North Wake County Landfill has an operating budget ofapproximately $4.5 million, and part of that comes from tipping fees.Along the site, there are drop-off stations for materials that are not wanted or legally banned by the landfill. A multi-material drop-off station is used for tires, motor oil, lead-acid batteries. Some of these materials can be recycled.In addition, there is a household hazardous waste drop-off station for chemicals (paints, pesticides, other chemicals) that are banned from the landfill. These chemicals are disposed of by private companies. Some paints can be recycled and some organic chemicals can be burned in furnaces or power plants.Other structures alongside the landfill are the borrowed area that supplies the soil for the landfill, the runoff collection pond and methane (甲烷) station.Landfills are complicated structures that, when properly designed and managed, serve an important purpose. In the future, new technologies called bioreactors will be used to speed the breakdown of trash in landfills and produce more methane.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答；8-10题在答题卡1上。

大学英语四级新题型预测模拟试卷及答案（一）

大学英语四级新题型预测模拟试卷（一）大学英语4级考试College English Model Test one—Band Four—Part ⅠWriting(30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write awords following the outline given in Chinese below:1. 每年，高校许多大学生受到鼓舞去贫困地区支教。

2. 支教活动的意义。

3. 我的看法。

提示:在实考试卷中，该试题在答题卡1上。

Aid--Education in ChinaPart ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes) Directions:In this part,you will have 15 minutes to go over the passagequickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7,mark Y(for YES)if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N(for NO)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;2 NG(for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with information given in thepassage.Will We Run Out of Water?Picture a “ghost ship” sinking into the sand, left to r ot on dry land by a receding sea. Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages.Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near near the the the Aral Aral Aral sea sea sea ((咸海) ) in in in Central Central Central Asia, Asia, Asia, it‟s it‟s it‟s all all all too too too real. real. real. Thirty Thirty Thirty years years years ago, ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate (provide water for ) farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size stranding (使搁浅) ships on dry land. The seawater has tripled in salt content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish.Similar large--scale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups. But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix. Why? People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the next century.“Growing populations will worsen problems with water,” says Peter H.Gleick, an an environmental environmental environmental scientist scientist scientist at at at the the the Pacific Pacific Pacific Institute Institute Institute for for for studies studies studies in in in Development, Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California. He fears that by the year 2025, as many as one--third of the world‟s projected (预测的) 8.3 billion 3 people will suffer from water shortages. WHERE WATER GOESOnly 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass. Two--thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers (冰山) and ice caps （冰盖）（冰盖）. In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation (rain or snow). Some Some precipitation precipitation precipitation runs runs runs off off off land land land to to to lakes lakes lakes and and and oceans, oceans, oceans, and and and some some some becomes becomes groundwater, groundwater, water water water that that that seeps seeps seeps into into into the the the earth. earth. earth. Much Much Much of of of this this this renewable renewable renewable freshwater freshwater ends up in remote places like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few people live. In fact, the world‟s population has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of freshwater freshwater——about the amount of water in Lake Superior(苏必利尔湖). And people use half of this amount already. “If water demand continues to climb rapidly,” says Postel, “there will be severe shortages and damage to the aquatic (水的) environment.”CLOSE TO HOMEWater woes(灾难) may seem remote to people living in rich countries like the United States. But Americans could face serious water shortages, too especially in areas that rely on groundwater. Groundwater accumulates in aquifers (地下蓄水层)，layers of sand and gravel that lie between soil and bedrock. (For every liter of surface water, more than 90 liters are hidden underground.) Although the United States has large aquifers, farmers, ranchers, and cities are tapping many of them for water faster than nature can replenish(补充) it. In northwest Texas, for example, 4 overpumping has shrunk groundwater supplies by 25 percent, according to Postel. Americans Americans may may may face face face even even even more more more urgent urgent urgent problems problems problems from from from pollution. pollution. pollution. Drinking Drinking water in the United States is generally safe and meets high standards. Nevertheless, one in five Americans every day unknowingly drinks tap water contaminated with bacteria and chemical wastes, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. In Milwaukee, 400,000 people fell ill in 1993 after drinking tap water tainted with cryptosporidium (隐孢子虫隐孢子虫)，a microbe (微生物) that causes fever, diarrhea (腹泻) and vomiting.THE SOURCEWhere so contaminants come from? In developing countries, people dump raw (未经处理的) sewage(污水污水) into the same streams and rivers from which they draw water for drinking and cooking; about 250 million people a year get sick from water borne (饮水传染的) diseases.In In developed developed developed countries, countries, countries, manufacturers manufacturers manufacturers use use use 100,000 100,000 100,000 chemical chemical chemical compounds compounds compounds to to make make a a a wide wide wide range range range of of of products.Toxic products.Toxic chemicals chemicals pollute pollute pollute water water water when when when released released untreated untreated into into into rivers rivers rivers and and and lakes. lakes. lakes. (Certain (Certain (Certain compounds, compounds, compounds, such such such as as as polychlorinated polychlorinated biphenyls (多氯化联二苯多氯化联二苯)，or PCBs, have been banned in the United States.)But almost everyone contributes to water pollution. People often pour household cleaners, car antifreeze, and paint thinners (稀释剂) down the drain; all of these contain hazardous chemicals. Scientists studying water in the San Francisco Bay reported in 1996 that 70 percent of the pollutants could be traced to household waste.Farmers have been criticized for overusing herbicides and pesticides, chemicals chemicals that that that kill kill kill weeds weeds weeds and and and insects insects insects but but but insects insects insects but but but that that that pollute pollute pollute water water water as as as well. well. 5 Farmers Farmers also also also use use use nitrates, nitrates, nitrates, nitrogen--rich nitrogen--rich nitrogen--rich fertilizer fertilizer fertilizer that that that helps helps helps plants plants plants grow grow grow but but but that that can wreak havoc (大破坏) on the environment. Nitrates are swept away by surface encouraging the buildup of algae, or microscopic plants that live on the surface of the the water. water. water. Algae Algae Algae deprive deprive deprive the the the water water water of of of oxygen oxygen oxygen that that that fish fish fish need need need to to to survive, survive, survive, at at at times times choking off life in an entire body of water.WHAT’S THE SOLUTION?Water expert Gleick advocates conservation and local solutions to water--related problems; governments, for instance, would be better off building small--scale dams rather than huge and disruptive projects like the one that ruined the Aral Sea.“More “More than than than 1 1 1 billion billion billion people people people worldwide worldwide worldwide don‟t don‟t don‟t have have have access access access to to to basic basic basic clean clean drinking drinking water,” water,” water,” says says says Gleick. Gleick. Gleick. “There “There “There has has has to to to be be be a a a strong strong strong push push push on on on the the the part part part of of everyone everyone——governments and ordinary people—to make sure we have a resource so fundamental to life.”提示:在实考试卷中，8-10题在答题卡1上。

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大学英语四级考试专家预测试卷Total score: 710Total time allowed: 130 minutesPart I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled To Curb Spending? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1. 现在许多大学生花钱大手大脚;2. 有人认为社会整体生活水平提高了，大学生花钱多一些无可厚非;3. 你的看法。

Part II Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. A) The author isn’t an expert in economy.B) She has a better theory about the economy.C) She isn’t sure that the author’s idea would work.D) The author spends too much time arguing about details.2. A) 7:45. B) 7:15. C) 7:30. D) 8:00.3. A) 5. B) 13. C)4. D) 6.4. A) Only the first part of the report is due next Friday.B) The reports should have been completed by today.C) Some students haven’t started their reports yet.D) Some students didn’t finish their reports yet.5. A) The desk wasn’t so heavy as it looks.B) She and her roommate moved the desk.C) Her roommates found her another desk.D) They had to get a moving company to help.6. A) A dentist. B) A cook. C) A tailor. D) A dietician.7. A) At a train station. B) At a ticket office.C) In a press office. D) In a book store.8. A) Mike doesn’t need to pay the tuition.B) Mike pays the tuition.C) His parents think the tuition is too high.D) Mike’s parents pay the tuition.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) Sweet love among the young people.B) Sweet love is good for people’s health.C) Chocolates and red wine as gifts for the lovers.D) How to lead a healthy and happy life.10. A) To buy kinds of gifts. B) To be romantic.C) To express love to each other. D) Keeping healthy.11. A) Smoky and physically active.B) Physically active and less likely to smoke and optimistic.C) Experiencing physical changes.D) Their lives need to be balanced between love and work.12. A) She refused. B) She is willing to.C) She hesitates. D) She is reluctant.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. A) “Lose-lose” solutions are useful in keeping a successful marriage.B) To run a “win-win” solution is hard.C) There is no success in marriage.D) Running a successful marriage involves with many factors.14. A) They changed their ways of talking.B) They change to another topic.C) They made their way to choose the wallpaper that is favored by both.D) They just topped quarreling.15. A) They don’t want to be weak.B) They want to feel loved and respected.C) Controlling over another means winning arguments at home.D) They are lack of trust and insecurity.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) Greek. B) Olympia. C) Amsterdam. D) Ancient Greek.17. A) Olympia. B) Berlin.C) The host-city of the games. D) The stadium.18. A) It is so magnificent in the opening and closing ceremonies.B) The pass of Olympic customs from generation to generation.C) It is the pass of the light of spirit.D) It is the pass of knowledge and life.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) They are not allowed to use mobile phones at school.B) They are not allowed to use mobile phones at all.C) They are allowed to use mobile phones in class for messages.D) They are not allowed to use mobile phones every day.20. A) Education to students not to use mobile phones any more.B) Education to students the possible dangers of using mobile phones.C) The random security scanning.D) To ignore the phones if they don’t ring during the class.21. A) Both parents and children are against the mobile phone ban.B) Parents and the department of education agree with the mobile phone ban.C) We do not know now whether mobile phone ban can be worked out.D) We still need another 5 years of mobile phone ban.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) 5. B) 3. C) 8. D) 6.23. A) Inventors. B) Scientists.C) Health care providers. D) Activists, political and business leaders.24. A) To spread the knowledge on what is AIDS.B) To bring effective treatments to the world-wide people.C) To deliver the people’s awareness of the danger of AIDS.D) To deliver the main content of the meeting.25. A) Conference website is more economical than attending the meeting.B) Conference website is convenient than attending the meeting.C) Conference website is easier to be dealt with.D) Conference website helps the absent-for-meeting people know the information.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Friendship with oneself is all important, because without it one cannot be friends with anyoneelse in the world. We often (26) __________on building relationships with others that we forget the essential first step: being friends of ourselves. That is the (27)__________ first step if we are to have good relationships with others. How can we have good (28) ________with others if we don’t even have a good relationship with ourselves? The problem might be (29)__________ than we expec t. Maybe we don’t like ourselves without (30) __________it. Here is a simple checklist; is there anything you don’t like about yourself from these lists? Maybe you have made mistakes in the past which make you feel bad. You might be (31) __________with yourself on why you could make such mistakes. Even if that happened in the (32)__________ past, your subconscious mind still has a reason not to like yourself. You might wish that you were born in a different family, or that you have (33) __________. Maybe you could not accept the fact that you are not as lucky as others, who seem to get (34) __________they want effortlessly because of their background. Others might have better achievements than you, and no matter how hard you tried, it might seem impossible for you to match them. You might then think that it’s because you are (35) __________or don’t have enough talents. All these give reasons to you not to like yourself. That in turn makes it difficult for you to be a good friend to yourself.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Y ou may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.What (36) __________force drives us into the arms of one person, while pushing us away from another who might appear equally desirable to any unbiased observer?Of the many factors influencing our idea of the perfect (37) __________, one of the most telling, according to John Money, professor emeritus of medical psychology and pediatrics at Johns Hopkins University, is what he calls our “love map” — a group of messages encoded in our brains that describes our likes and dislikes. It shows our (38) __________in hair and eye color, in voice, smell, body build. It also records the kind of personality that (39) __________to us, whether it’s the warm and friendly type or the strong, silent type.In short, we fall for and pursue those people who most clearly (40)__________ our love map. And this love map is largely (41) __________in childhood. By age eight, the pattern for our (42)__________ mate has already begun to float around in our brains.When I lecture, I often ask couples in the audience what drew them to their dates or mates. Answers (43) __________from “She’s strong and independent” and “I go for redheads” to “I love his sense of humor” and “That crooked smile, that’s what did it.”I believe what they say. But I also know that if I were to ask those same men and women to describe their mothers, there would be many (44) __________between their ideal mates and their moms. Yes, our mothers — the first real love of our lives — write a (45) __________portion of our love map.Section BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Make the Most of Y our VacationA) When many of us take a vacation, more than anything, we seek to relax. We spend long, lazy days on a beach chair or in a hammock and socialize the night away with rum drinks, fancy martinis, and indulgent desserts. Too often, we return home heavier and flabbier than we’ve been since, well, our last vacation.B) It doesn’t have to be this way.C) Active vacations are often the most relaxing of all. Wait! It’s all in defining what an active vacation is. We don’t expect you to take up jogging, backpacking, or hang gliding. Rather, we ask the sedentary vacationers among you to spend two to four hours a day doing things. Walking the city streets. Exploring a nature preserve. Going to a zoo. Biking along the ocean. Taking a leisurely rowboat ride.D) These kinds of activities aren’t just good for your physical health. They improve your mental health, even your spiritual health. And they make vacations memorable and worthwhile. And after all, isn’t that what you want from your vacation? Here are some fresh ideas to make your vacations as pleasurable as they are active and healthy.E) 1. Make morning time your activity time.Most likely the weather will be friendlier,yourenergy level higher, and your agenda emptier than later in the day.F) 2. Reacquaint yourself with sunrises and sunsets. A walk at dawn or dusk is rejuvenation defined. Try to make this a daily ritual of life away from home, and you will guarantee yourself both physical and spiritual replenishment (补给，补充).G) 3. Get into the water as much as you can.Don’t allow yourself to spend all your time sitting in front of the water. Whether it is the ocean, a swimming pool, or a tree-lined lake, make sure you get into the water for swimming or games or even walking. Heck, merely standing in waist-high water is a good workout, thanks to the action of the water. And you’ll feel so much more alive!H) 4. Get on the water as much as you can. Paddleboats are a blast. Canoeing is a joy. Rowboats are romantic. Powerboats exhilarating. Sailboats serene. Kayaks pure adventure. Inner tubes can erase 50 years from your attitude in a matter of minutes. Even standing at the rail of a steamboat is exciting. Boats make you feel young, and whether you are propelling them or not, they all burn calories and engage your muscles more than being on dry land.I) 5. Choose a cruise for your trip.It’s amazing how active you can be being stuck o n a boat in the middle of the Atlantic. Most cruise ships offer numerous options for seaworthy exercise. Most ships house pools, golf simulators, rock walls, basketball hoops, fitness centers, jogging and walking areas, and instructor-led fitness classes —and that’s just what’s on board. During your sea and land excursions you can burn calories as you snorkel, swim, hike, scuba dive, and horseback ride.J) 6. Get out of the car every two hours. Many of us spend a large chunk of our vacations on the road, either getting to and from our destinations, or using the car for sightseeing. But no matter how beautiful the scenery is, great, memorable vacations don’t happen in a car seat. Don’t wait for exhaustion or nature’s call to get you to pull over. Frequently get out and stretch, walk, picnic, shop, visit, and have fun. It’s important for your health and energy, and it makes traveling a lot more active and interesting.K) 7. Play active games.When most people think of outdoor games, they think of team sports like baseball, football, or volleyball, all of which can be both intimidating and excessively strenuous for grown-ups who stopped playing such things a long time back. So forget about the standard games. All types of fun outdoor games are available today. Start with the old-fashioned ones — badminton, shuffleboard, horseshoes, Wiffle ball, or bocce. Try some new ones too —they make great balls out of Nerf these days, and if you haven’t bought a squirt gun in a while, be prepared for today’s amazing supersoa kers. Plus all types of new paddle games are available that are easy and fun. Your goal: Play an outdoor game every day while on vacation.L) 8. Create a silly tournament. Particularly if there are kids on the vacation, it can be ahootto create your own mini-Olympics. For example, if you use the swimming pool every day, have a daily competition, such as holding your breath underwater, or swimming between people’s legs, or having a big splash contest. Or maybe a weeklong badminton competition. “Silly” is the operative word —don’t make it a serious competition, but just a chance to have active fun in which everyone participates.M) 9. Play miniature golf. You burn more calories sitting than lying, standing than sitting, and walking than standing. Although miniature golf won’t incinerate fat, it will burn more calories than lying in a hammock. Plus, your kids will have a great time. You probably will too.N) 10. Beware the food obsession.Let’s be honest: For many of us, vacations are about eating splurges. It’s fresh seafood by the ocean, amazing restaurants in great cities, unlimited breakfast buffets at the hotel, that ice cream/candy/cake/jambalaya that you remember as a child and come back for every few years. This is the stuff of great vacations, and do n’t deny yourself these pleasures. Our suggestion: Limit yourself to one food splurge a day. If you do more, the uniqueness and specialness of the splurges fade away. And you’ll spend too much time sitting in restaurants —and then sitting some more, recuperating from the overindulgence.O) 11. Explore on foot. Yes, you can use the concierge, the travel guides, the map, or the bus tours to get acquainted with a new location. But only by getting out and walking can you truly get the feel of a village, city, resort, or wilderness. We recommend that you plan to spend the first several hours at your vacation destination walking the area. If you are in a city, pick a few restaurants to try while you are walking and make your reservations in person. Be sure to locate the parks, museums, and shopping areas.P) 12. Fly a stunt kite.If there’s a good wind blowing at your destination, purchase a stunt kite and take it to the beach or other large open area. These kites can be easily assembled and then taken apart, makin g them perfect for traveling. You’ll give your upper body a great workout as you struggle to control the kite. You may also have to run or walk to keep the kite in the air — or chase it down once it plummets to the earth.Q) 13. Schedule an activity-based vacation. Ready to commit to even more action? Wrap your entire vacation around an activity, such as sailing, skiing, hiking, biking, or exploring. No expertise is necessary — just a willingness to take on a new challenge. Travel agents can hook you up with any number of vacation packages targeted from novice to expert, adolescent to senior, single or whole family. If you have children, look for packages that include excavating dinosaur bones and other anthropological expeditions, or that teach them a new sport. A ski vacation with lessons for different ages and ability levels works beautifully.46. Biking along the ocean can be included as an active vacation.47. Swimming and water games can be beneficial to human health.48. Don’t make your own mini-Olympics a serious competition, but just a chance to have activefun in which everyone participates.49. On vacations one should limit to one food splurge a day.50. Try to make a walk at dawn or dusk a daily ritual of life away from home.51. Outdoor games usually refer to team sports like baseball, football, or volleyball, all of whichcan be both intimidating and excessively strenuous for grown-ups who stopped playing such things a long time back.52. Boats make you feel young, and whether you are propelling them or not, they all burn caloriesand engage your muscles more than being on dry land.53. If you are in a city, pick a few restaurants to try while you are walking and you’re yourreservations in person.54. Morning is the best activity time because your energy level is higher in the morning.55. Travel agents can hook you up with any number of vacation packages targeted from novice toexpert, adolescent to senior, single or whole family.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Over 60 million persons in the United States own a credit card. For these millions of Americans a credit card brings freedom to them. It has had effect of increasing consumptionpossibilitiesfor households by allowing them to purchase thousands of dollars of merchandise, ranging from autos, clothing, to electrical appliances. The widespread use of credit card nowadays shocks the imagination to the point where one wonders whether the total amount of consumption spending each year would be the same if this plastic money were not around. Credit cards have also been of significant importance to the national economy. Businessmen have been encouraged to expand plant and equipment and hire additional personnel to meet the heavy demand for their products. The tendency of employment and income would rise significantly.Unfortunately, the ease with which buyers can increase their purchase with credit cards has caused them to overlook the additional costs. Purchase on credit cards are postponed payments. Buy-now-pay-later encourages buyers to use credit cards extensively. Since the buyer is in effect borrowing money for a special purpose, he must expect to pay an interest charge. Interest is the price of using money over a long period of time. A close analysis of the use for credit cards for heavy purchases will show that the buyer has added to the cost of making these purchases. It must also be kept in mind that unpaid monthly balances mean added interest charges. Furthermore, the use of credit cards will add to the cost of the product since the shopkeeper does not receive the money at the time of the purchases. Shopkeepers might add on the cost of handing credit cards to the bill. One of the arguments against the use of credit cards has been that those who do pay cash at purchase finance the use of a credit card by another person. This is so, the argument runs, because the price of a product will include the cost of another person’s use of a credit card.56. In the first paragraph, what does “plastic money” (Line 6, Para. 1) refer to?A) Dollars. B) Online payment. C) Credit cards. D) Coins.57. Which of the following is NOT true about credit cards?A) Shopkeepers, among others, object to the use of credit cards because they add on the costof the merchandise.B) Credit card holders actually pay for their shopping goods after the purchase has beencompleted.C) The national economy enjoys extensive growth because of the use of credit cards.D) It has had the effect of increasing consumption.58. What is the disadvantage of credit cards?A) It may lead to the overgrowth of the national economy.B) The delay in the payment of shopping goods may bring damage to shopkeepers’ profits.C) Some people may intentionally purchase goods that they cannot possibly afford.D) Those who pay by cash at the purchase will have to pay for the cost added to the product asthe interest charge of credit cards.59. What is the main topic of the text?A) Advantages and Disadvantages of Credit Cards.B) Economic Growth Backed up by the Use of Credit Cards.C) It can encourage great sums of consumption.D) Credit Cards Make Life Easier.60. The author’s attitude towards credit card is .A) agreeable B) neutral C) humorous D) oppositionalPassage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Lie detectors are widely used in the United States to find out whether a person is telling the truth or not. Polygraphers, the people who operate them, claim that they can establish guilt by detecting physiological changes that accompany emotional stress. The technique adopted is to ask leading questions such as, “Did you take the money?” or “Where did you hide the money?” mixed in with neutral questions, and measure the subject’s electrical resistance in the palm or changes in his breathing and heart rate. Such apparatus has obtained widespread recognition.Whether lie detectors will ever be adopted on a similar scale in Britain is still a matter of opinion. At first sight, it appears obvious that any simple, reliable methods of convicting guilty people is valuable, but recent research sponsored by the U.S. Office of Public Health not only raises doubts about how lie detectors should be used but also makes it questionable whether they should be employed at all.The point is that, apart from many of the polygraphers being unqualified, the tests themselves are by no means free from error, primarily because they discount human imagination and ingenuity. Think of all those perfectly innocent people, with nothing to be afraid of, who blush and stammer when a customs officer asks them if they have anything to declare. Fear, and a consequently heightened electrical response, may not be enough to establish guilt. It depends on whether the subject is afraid of being found out or afraid of being wrongfully convicted. On the other hand, the person who is really guilty and whose... or deliberately giving exaggerated responses to neutral ones!The success rate of up to 90% claimed for lie detectors is misleadingly attractive. If we refer such a figure to a company with 50 employees, twenty of whom are thieves, the lie detector could catch 18 of them but in doing so would place 32 innocent employees under suspicion. Theproblemfor the management would therefore become one of deciding how much industrial unrest they are prepared to cause in order to eliminate theft. What concerns research workers even more, of course, is the fact that a certain number of innocent people are bound to be convicted of crimes they have not committed.61. Lie detectors are widely used in the United States because .A) they can help detect people’s emotional stressB) they can help detect people’s physiological changesC) they can help find out whether a person is telling the truth or notD) they can measure the subjects’ electrical resistance62. According to the passage, we know that Britain .A) will adopt lie detectors widelyB) will adopt lie detectors on a smaller scaleC) adopt lie detectorsD) has not decided whether to adopt lie detectors or not63. “..., the tests themselves are by no means free from error,... ” (Line 2, Para. 3) means .A) the tests definitely have no errorB) the tests sometimes make mistakesC) the polygraphers do not make mistakesD) the polygraphers can avoid error by using some techniques64. Which of the following is true?A) The tests are conducted by qualified polygraphers.B) Innocent people may blush or stammer when questioned.C) Guilty people can definitely be found out by answer questions.D) Guilty people may escape by refusing to answer questions.65. What troubles lie detector researchers most is that .A) innocent people are convicted crimesB) innocent people will learn to tell liesC) lie detectors may cause industrial unrestsD) lie detectors are sometimes not dependablePart IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.剪纸（paper cutting）是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。