最新新概念第三册第七课笔记

Lesson 7 Mutilated Ladies残钞鉴别组Has it ever happened to you ?Have you ever put your trousers in the washing machine and then remembered there was a large bank note in your back pocket?When you rescued your trousers,did you find the note was white ?People who live in Britain needn’t despair when they make mistakes like this (and a lot of people do)!Fortunately for them ,the Bank of England has a team called Mutilated Ladies which deals with claims from people who fed their money to a machine or to their dog.Dogs,it seems ,love to chew up money!
A recent case concerns Jane Butlin whose fiancé,Jane ,runs a successful furniture business.John had a very good day and put his wallet containing £3,000 into the microwave oven for safekeeping.Then he and Jane went horse-riding.When they got home ,Jane cooked their dinner in the microwave oven and without realizing it,cooked her fiancé’s wallet as wallet as well.Imagine their dismay when they found a beautifully-cooked wallet and notes turned to ash!John went to see his bank manager who sent the remains of wallet and the money to the special department of the Bank of England in New castle:the Mutilated Ladies!They examined the remains and John got all his money back.So long as there’s something to identify ,we will give people their money back ,’said a
spokeswoman for the Bank.’Last year ,we paid £1.5m on 21,000 claims.
Damaged bank notes.The Queen’s head appears on English bank notes ,and “lady” refers to this.
Now learn the new words
(1).mutilate v.使残缺不全
(2).chew v.咀嚼
(3).fiancén.未婚夫
(4).microwave n.微波，微波炉
(5).oven n.炉灶
(6).safekeeping n.妥善保管
(7).Newcastle n.纽卡斯尔（英国港市）
(8).identify v.鉴定，鉴别
(9).spokeswoman n.女发言人
After learning the new words.Now try to answer the question,and do the ask and answer.
(1).Do clothes put into a washing machine sometimes contain money?(Yes ,they do.)
(2).What happens to bank notes put into a washing machine?(They turn white.)
(3).Do people in Britain despair if they make this mistake?(No,they don’t)
(4).Why not?(Because the Bank of England has a team which deals with claims)
(5).What’s this team called?(Mutilated Ladies.)
(6).What does ‘lady’ refer to?(The Queen’s head which appears on British bank notes.)
(7).What kind of business does John run?(A furniture business)
(8).What’s the name of his fiancée?(Jane Butlin)
(9).What did John do with his wallet containing £3,000?(He put it in the microwave oven for safekeeping)
(10).Did his fiancee know about this ?(No,she didn’t)
(11).What did John and Jane do after John came home from work?(They went horse-riding)
(12).What did Jane do when they returned home?(She cooked their dinner in the microwave oven )
(13).What else did she cook?(John’s wallet)
(14).What happened to the notes?(They turned to ash)
(15).How did they both feel about this?(Dismayed)
(16).Who did John go and see?(His bank manager)
(17).What did the bank manager do?(He sent the remains to the Mutilated Ladies department in Newcastle)
(18).Did John get his money back?(Yes ,he did )
(19).Why did the Mutilated Ladies pay the money back?(Because they could identify the notes.)
(20).They don’t pay out money unless they can identify damaged notes,do they ?(No,they don’t)
(21).How much did they pay out last years?(£1.5million)
Text.课文讲解
1.Has it ever happened to you ?
副词ever常用来表示某种强调，含有“在任何时候”之意，其反义词是never.
注意：（1）.ever 主要用于疑问句，否定句，条件状语从句，和含有否定意义的词，（如hardly，stop）的句中。

Eg: Do you ever go to the opera?
No ,never
Yes ,sometimes.
Eg: My mother hardly ever goes out.
我的母亲几年不出门
I’m going to stop him ever doing that again
虽然否定句可由not ever构成（如I haven’t ever been there)
但通常用never来表示（如I have never been there )
(2).ever 用在现在完成时，和过去完成时，可表示“直到现在的任何时候”和“直到过去某一时间点的任何时间”之意
Eg:Have you ever been to Paris?
(3).ever可用于et比较级结构中的than之后，进行时间上的强调。

Eg:You look more beautiful than ever.
你比任何时候都漂亮。

(4).ever 有时也用于疑问句或假定句中，表示愤怒或惊讶
Eg:Has anyone of you ever heard such nonsense?
你们有谁听到过这种废话吗？
happened =occurred 发生happen to 发生在某人身上。

put 放、安置put···on
put···in
put on 穿上、戴上
put up with 容忍、忍受
2.Have you ever put your trousers in the washing machine and then remembered there was a large bank note in your back pocket?
a large bank note 面额很大的纸币
remembered=recalled
remember
记得、回想起=recall
remember后既可以跟不定式又可以跟动词+ing形式、但意义不同
eg:I remembered to post the letters.
我记住了要发信。

eg：I remembered posting the letters.
我记得把信寄出去了。

前一句表示没做post这个动词，而后一句则表示记得曾做过post 这个动词。

(3)代···问候
eg：Please remember me to your parents.
请代我向你父母问好。

3.When you rescued your trousers,did you find the note was white ? 此处rescued 用的是夸张的修辞方法，而不是took...out/got....out, Whiter than white 是英国有关洗衣粉的电视广告用语。

4.People who live in Britain needn’t despair when they make mistakes like this (and a lot of people do)!
need可作为完全变化动词，既实义动词，有时态和人称变化，也可作为特殊限定动词（无人称和时态的变化）即情态动词来使用。

（1）.作为完全动词使用，有时态，人称变化，与一般动词一样。

Eg: Do you need any help?
(2).作为特殊限定动词，即情态动词使用时，后需使用不带to上午动词不定式，主要用于疑问句，否定句，和引导的从句中。

Eg: Need I type this letter?
I wonder if I need type this letter
(3).needn’t 为must 的否定式，意为不必。

Eg:Must I type this letter?
No,you needn’t
(4).needn’t 后如果接动词不定式的完成时态形式，表示没必要做，但已经做过的事情。

Eg:Mary typed the letter yesterday ,and you needn’t have typed it again.
5.Fortunately for them ,the Bank of England has a team called Mutilated Ladies which deals with claims from people who fed their money to a machine or to their dog.
called Mutilated Ladies是后置定语，修饰team.
Which 和who 又分别引导一个定语从句
deal with 负责处理
claim 要求n.
fortunately=luckily
6.Dogs,it seems ,love to chew up money!
It seems是插入语，也可放在句尾，但放句子中或句尾，句
子的中心就不大一样。

做插入语的有：I hope/think/guess/believe/suppose/wonder 等;You see/know,don’t you think/know,it seems to me ,it is said ,it is suggested ,I’m afraid
7.A recent case concerns Jane Butlin whose fiance,Jane ,runs a successful furniture business.
concern与....有关，涉及到
与不同的介词连用，意义不同。

concern about 关心
concern in 参与
concern with 与...有关
be concerned with 通常可表达动词concern的含义，与.....有关。

run successful furniture business
run 经营.....business 经营.....生意。

run. (1) 跑、奔
(2)经营、管理、开办
(3)竞选
8.John had a very good day and put his wallet containing £3,000 into the microwave oven for safekeeping.
containing前省略which was
put.....into .....
safekeeping 保存
9.Then he and Jane went horse-riding.
go 后可使用带to的动词不定式和动名词的结构
注意:
（1）.其后为不及物动词，通常用动名词形式。

Eg:go cycling / riding /shopping /hunting /skating /swimming
(2).其后为不及物动词，或说话强调目的时，通常使用带to 的不定式。

Eg:When she met us there ,we were going to swim across the river.
她在那里遇见我们时，我们正打算游过河去。

10.When they got home ,Jane cooked their dinner in the microwave oven and without realizing it,cooked her fiance’s wallet as wallet as well.
without realizing it，介词短语在句中作原因状语；
with doing sth.结构可以表示多种状语含义（如方式状语，结果状语，原因状语）
Eg: She left with saying anything (方式状语）
11.Imagine their dismay when they found a beautifully-cooked wallet and notes turned to ash!
beautifully-cooked 煮的很好看的
12.John went to see his bank manager who sent the remains of wallet and the money to the special department of the Bank of England in New castle:the Mutilated Ladies!
sent.....to......
13.They examined the remains and John got all his money back.
get.....back.....
14.So ling as there’s something to identify ,we will give people their money back ,’said a spokeswoman for the Bank.’
So/as long as 可以用于比较状语从句，和条件状语从句中
分别表示：（在时间或长度上）“像....那样长”和“只要”的含义；
Eg:The time she spend in Beijing is not so long as that she had spent in Shanghai .
他在北京度过的时间没有在上海度过的时间长。

Eg:I shall you the thing as long as you promise to keep it a secret.
只要你答应保密，我就告诉你这件事
as long as引导条件状语从句时，从句应使用一般现在时，表示将来时内容。

st year ,we paid £1.5m on 21,000 claims.
16.Damaged bank notes.The Queen’s head appears on English bank notes ,and “lady” refers to this.
Summary
John Butlin runs a successful furniture business and after a very good day ,he put his wallet containing £ 3,000 into the microwave oven for safekeeping .Then he and his fiancée,Jane ,went horse-tiding,after which Jane cooked their dinner in the microwave oven only to find to their dismay that the money had been destroyed.John went to see his bank manager who sent the remains to the Mutilated Ladies department who identified the remains and returned the money.
Key to Vocabulary
happened=occurred
remembered=recalled
fortunately=luckily
concerns=is about
dismay=sadness
the remains=what was left
department=section
Key to Composition
Jane opened the oven door and saw that her meal was ready to
serve .She took the food out of the and in dong so,noticed something strange inside the oven which she couldn’t recognize.So she went to find John and told him about it.In dismay ,John quickly explained that he had put his wallet containing the day’s takings into the oven for safekeeping .They both rushed to the oven and saw that the money had been destroyed .At first,they didn’t know what to do .John wanted to throw the money away ,but Jane wouldn’t let him .It’s best not to disturb the wallet,Jane said.You can see all the money is there ,even if it has been destroyed.’Jane told John to go and see his bank manager for advice,so the next day ,John took the wallet and the ashes to the bank.
Key to Letter writing
Thank you again for your wonderful hospitality!
It was a real pleasure to see you again after such a long time .I’ll never forget your kindness during my stay.I particularly enjoyed our visit to the local market and our long walks in the countryside .I also enjoyed your company and the excellent food and wine .You’re a perfect host!
I hope you will be able to visit me before long and look forward to seeing you soon.
Grammar in use
1.让步状语从句
（1）.让步状语从句含有使句子具有对比的因素，因此也称之为对比从句（contrast clause)
引导让步准国语从句的连词有although,though ,even though ,even if ,while .whereas(签于），no matter how .....不管如何no matter ，how much不管有.....
Eg:Although I felt sorry for him ,I was secretly pleased that he was having difficulties.
虽然我为他感到惋惜，但对他的困难我却暗高兴。

（2）.however 可与许多形容词和副词连用。

Eg:However far it is ,I intend to drive there tonight .
不管有多远，我今晚也要开车往那儿去。

Eg:However,brilliant you are,you can’t know everything
不管有多么聪明，也不可能什么都知道。

（3）.no matter 可与疑问词who, when,where,等一起引导让步状语从句。

No matter how later it was ,he would come here
(4).带ever 的复合词也可像no matter一样引导让步状语从句Whatever I say ,I seem to say the wrong thing.
无论我说什么，似乎都说的不当。

2.后缀，
后缀为两类，一类是用来表明词的功能的词形变化后缀，（1）.复数pencil--pencils
（2）时态look--looking
（3）级great--greatest.
另一类是起到派生作用，使词性得到变化。

(1).构成名词的常用后缀
<1>.--er work →worker
<2>.--or act→actor
<3>.--ness ill → illness
<4>.--tion act → action
<5>.--ment argu → argument
<6>--ist --ism --ship --th --age --ee等
（2）
（3）.构成形容词的常用后缀
---ful useful
---less endless
---ish childish
---ive active
---like childlike
(3).构成动词，副词和数词的常用后缀动词
---ize realize
---en broaden
---ify beautify
副词
---ly really
---word backward
---wise likewise
数词
---teen fourteen
---ty thirty
---th sixth。