《Linux操作系统》第2版完整习题答案-电子工业出版社

《Linux操作系统》第2版完整习题答案-电子工业出版社
《Linux操作系统》第2版完整习题答案-电子工业出版社

参考答案

第1章

1. 思考题

(1)C语言。

(2)UNIX系统的特点有以下几点:(1)多任务;(2)多用户;(3)并行处理能力;(4)设备无关性;(5)工具;(6)错误处理;(7)强大的网络功能;(8)开放性。

(3)Linux是一个功能强大的操作系统,同时它是一个自由软件,是免费的、源代码开放的,可以自由使用的类UNIX产品。其创始人是Linus。

(4)Linux操作系统的诞生、发展和成长过程始终依赖着的重要支柱有以下几点:(1)UNIX操作系统;(2)MINIX操作系统;(3)GNU计划;(4)POSIX标准;(5)Internet 网络。

(5)Linux系统的特点有以下几点:1)自由软件;2)良好的兼容性;3)良好的界面;4)丰富的网络功能;5)支持多种平台。

(6)常见的Linux的发行版本有以下几种:1)Red Hat Linux;2)Caldera OpenLinux;3)SuSE Linux;4)TurboLinux;5)红旗Linux;6)中软Linux。

(7)略。

2. 单项选择

(1)-(5):BCCBA

第2章

1. 思考题

(1)Linux系统有哪些运行级别?其含义为何?

答:Linux/Unix有7个运行级或运行状态,定义如下(参见/etc/inittab),具体级别与含义如下:0:关闭系统;1:单用户模式;2:多用户使用模式,但没有NFS功能;3:完全多用户模式;4:没有使用,用户可自定义;5:完全多用户模式,且支持X-Windows(默认运行级);6:重新启动。

(2)Linux系统下经常使用的两种桌面环境是什么?

答:GNOME他KDE

(3)什么是X-Window系统?它有什么特点?

答:图形界面(X-Window)就是在Linux操作系统中提供图形化用户界面(GUI),支持的视窗系统,也被称为X。X-Window的工作方式跟Microsoft Windows有着本质的不同。MS Windows的图形用户界面(GUI)与操作系统本身紧密结合,成为操作系统的一部分;而X-Window并不是操作系统的一部分,它实际上只是在Linux操作系统上面运行的一个应用程序,可以不启动。换句话说,MS Windows的图形支持是内核级的,而Linux的X-Window 则是应用程序级的。

X-Window的一个主要的特性就是它采用了“客户端-服务器”模式。其组成由X服务器(X Server)、X客户端(X Client)和通讯通道(Comunication channel)三部分组成,XServer 和XClient可位于同一台主机上,也可独立地运行于同网络上的不同主机上。

(4)试比较X-Window系统与MS Windows系统有何不同?

答:参见(3)

(5)何谓虚拟桌面?如何将一个运行的应用程序从一个虚拟桌面移动到另一个虚拟桌面?

答:默认情况下,当用户从图形界面登录成功后,系统为用户4个工作区,这4个工作区就可以理解为4个虚拟桌面,它们依次排列底部面板内。默认时用户工作在第1个工作区,用户可点按其它工作区实现工作区的切换。在每个工作区内,用户都可运行相同或不同的应用程序。

(6)如何进行本地登录和注销?

答:用户可从图形界面或字符界面登录,但需要提供正确的用户名和密码。

(7)默认情况下,超级用户和普通用户的登录提示符分别是什么?

答:#和$

(8)如何正确地关闭和重新启动Linux系统?

答:用户可从图形界面或字符界面关闭和重启系统,参见2.3(pp17-18)。

(9)如何获得命令帮助?man命令的作用是什么?

答:Linux的帮助资源丰富,常见的有man、info、yelp和网络资源等,用户可以根据需要使用它们。

man(manual)是传统UNIX系统的在线手册页,通过它用户可以获得在线帮助。使用man可以获得相关主题的帮助信息。

(10)如何获得Linux文档?

答:第(9)题中的帮助信息都是Linux的文档资源,除此之外还有软件包项目文档、HOWTO、LDP文档等,可以通过系统或系统的网站获得并安装这些资源。

2. 单项选择

(1)-(5)BCADD

第3章

1.思考题

(1)shell的基本功能有哪些?

答:功能有6:命令解释执行、文件名替换、I/O重定向、通讯管道建立、系统环境设置和shell编程。

(2)Linux系统中的主要的目录有哪些?各有什么作用?

解:请参见p35。

(3)工作目录及其父目录可分别用什么表示?

答:.和..

(4)在如图3-1所示的目录结构中,若处在usr1目录中的用户要访问include目录中的stdio.h,可以采用什么样的路径,对应的带有路径的文件名是什么?

答:绝对路径和相对路径,分别是/usr/include和../../usr/include

(5)Linux系统中常用的通配符有哪些?试举例说明它们的作用。

解:参见表3-1及其说明。

(6)常用的shell环境变量有哪些?怎么查询和设置环境变量?

答:.常用环境变量参见3.1.6 1;可使用env或set显示或设置环境变量。

(7)什么是输入/输出重定向?管道的功能是什么?试举例说明如何使用它们。

解:参见§3.1.7和§3.1.8。

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18.使吸毒失去魅力 19.发动一场毫不手软的禁烟运动 Into English 1. kick drug addiction 2. disprove the theory 3. start / launch a crime wave 4. get hooked on alcohols 5. push drugs 6. further criminalize drug-taking 7. legalize gambling 8. pump funds into education 9. bail out the ocean with a teaspoon 10. eliminate drug addiction 11. repeal the law 12. miss the boat 13. underestimate the seriousness of the consequence 14. confiscate property 15. dwarf the previous achievements 16. undercut the price 17. deglamorize cigarettes 18. project a new image

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现代大学英语精读三课后翻译答案 Unit 1 Your collage years 1. 他对他的研究如此专心致志,从来没有过很快就要退休的念头。 He is so devoted to his research that the idea that he will soon have to retire ne ver occurs to him. 2. 很多人都曾说过,如果没有有效的制约,我们都有滥用权力的倾向。 Many people have observed that, without effective checks, we have a tendency to abuse our power. 3. 有些国家拒绝卷入这一争端,而且他们对外国的干涉非常反感。 Some countries refuse to get involved in this dispute and they resent any foreig n interference. 4. 控制沙尘暴需要大量的工作和资金。 The control of the sand storms will involve a tremendous amount of work and money. 5. 你们用这些技术的时候,必须考虑到当地的条件。 You have to take into consideration the local conditions when you apply these t echnologies. 6. 所有的申请者都必须填好这些表格,然后邮寄50美元的报名费。 All applicants will have to fill out this form and mail in an application fee of 50 d ollars. 7. 他根据对孩子们行为的观察得出结论:学习是一种自然的乐趣。 Based on his careful observation of children’s behavior he came to the conclusi on that learning is a natural pleasure. 8. 在一个多民族的国家里,各民族之间的和谐需要小心处理。 In a country of many nationalities, ethnic harmony requires very careful handlin g. 9. 9、政府决定严惩所有涉案的腐败官员。 The government is determined to punish all the corrupt officials involved. 10. 考试10、作弊并不经常发生,但一旦发生,学校会采取严厉的态度。 Cheating at exams does not occur very often. But when it does, the school take s a very tough position

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