2016级在职研究生英语试题 (新)

滨州医学院2016级医学人才高级培训班英语试题
Part I Vocabulary (20%)
Directions：In this section there are 20 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then fill in the table on the Answer sheet. (答案务必做在答题纸上)
1.The torch was _____by a famous athlete at the opening of the sport meeting.
A. implemented
B. exemplified
C. ignited
D. deceived
2. Inflation will reach its highest in a decade across most of Asian this year,
threatening to ______recent productivity gains.
A. reverse
B. reserve
C. retrieve
D. revise
3. The boy slipped out of the room and headed for the swimming pool without his
parents' _____.
A. command
B. conviction
C. consent
D. compromise
4. Our research has focused on a drug which is so _____ as to be able to change brain
chemistry.
A. powerful
B. influential
C. monstrous
D. vigorous
5. Henry’s news report covering the conference was so _____ that nothing had been omitted.
A. understanding
B. comprehensible
C. comprehensive
D. understandable
6. The______ cycle of life and death is a subject of interest to scientists and
philosophers alike.
A. incompatible
B. exceeding
C. instantaneous
D. eternal
7. No one can function properly if they are _______ of adequate sleep.
A. deprived
B. ripped
C. stripped
D. contrived
8. Under the present system, state enterprises must all profits to the government.
A. turn down
B. turn up
C. turn out
D. turn in
9. As a ______ actor, he can perform, sing, dance and play several kinds of musical instruments.
A. flexible
B. versatile
C. sophisticated
D. productive
10. The Huntington Library has an ______collection of rare books and manuscripts of
British and American history and literature.
A. intensive
B. intentional
C. extensive
D. extensional
11. The western media was astonished to see that China’s GDP _____by a almost 40%
just in two years’ time.
A. flourished
B. floated
C. soared
D. roared
12. I think she hurt my feelings __________ rather than by accident as she claimed.
A. virtually
B. deliberately
C. literally
D. appropriately
13. The politician says he will __________ the welfare of the people.
A. prey on
B. take on
C. get at
D. see to
14. If you __________ the bottle and cigarettes, you’ll be much healthier.
A. take off
B. keep off
C. get off
D. set off
15.Unemployment seems to be the ______social problem in this area and may
undermine social stability.
A. prevalent
B. primitive
C. previous
D. premature
16.With demand continuing to rise in _______economies such as China and India, energy traders believe that oil futures are a good bet .
A. emerging
B. employing
C. embracing
D. emitting
17.Parents have a legal _______ to ensure that their children are provided with efficient education suitable to their age.
A. impulse
B. obligation
C. influence
D. sympathy
18.It will be safer to walk the streets because people will not need to carry large amounts of cash; virtually all financial ______ will be conducted by computer.
A. transmissions
B. transitions
C. transactions
D. transformations
19.Blacks and American Indians ______less than 10 % of students in the top 30 business schools, while they are about 28% of the U.S. population.
A. take up
B. make up
C. reach out
D. turn out
20.Some fish have a greater __________ for acid water than others.
A. tolerance
B. resistance
C. dependence
D. persistence
Part II Reading Comprehension (30%)
Directions: In this section，there are three passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A，B．C and D．Choose the best answer. (答案务必做在答题纸上)
Passage one
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the international marketplace. This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of the members of a given society is constantly shaped by a set of dynamic variables（变量）: language, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, aesthetics（美学）, technology, education, and social institutions. To cope with this system, an international manager needs both factual and interpretive（阐释的）knowledge of culture. To some extent, the factual knowledge can be learned; its interpretation comes only through experience.
The most complicated problems in dealing with the cultural environment stem from the fact that one cannot learn culture—one has to live it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal with cultural diversity. One is that business is business the world around, following the model of P epsi and McDonald’s. In some cases, globalization is a fact of life; however, cultural differences are still far from converging（汇集）.
The other school proposes that companies must tailor business approaches to individual cultures. Setting up policies and procedures in each country has been compared to an organ transplant; the critical question centers around acceptance or rejection. The major challenge to the international manager is to make sure that rejection is not a result of cultural myopia（近视）or even blindness.
Fortune examined the international performance of a dozen large companies that
earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas. The internationally successful companies all share an important quality: patience. They have not rushed into situations but rather built their operations carefully by following the most basic business principles. These principles are to know your adversary, know your audience, and know your customer.
21. According to the passage, which of the following is true?
A. All international managers can learn culture.
B. Business diversity is not necessary.
C. Views differ on how to treat culture in business world.
D. Most people do not know foreign culture well.
22. According to the author, the model of Pepsi______.
A. is in line with the theories of the school advocating the business is business the
world around
B. is different from the model of McDonald’s
C. shows the reverse of globalization
D. has converged cultural differences
23. The two schools of thought_______ .
A. both propose that companies should tailor business approaches to individual
cultures
B. both advocate that different policies be set up in different countries
C. admit the existence of cultural diversity in business world
D. Both A and B
24. This article is supposed to be most useful for those_______.
A. who are interested in researching the topic of cultural diversity
B. who have connections to more than one type of culture
C. who want to travel abroad
D. who want to run business on International Scale
25. According to Fortune, successful international companies_______.
A. earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas
B. adopt the policy of internationalization
C. will follow the overseas local cultures
D. all have the quality of patience
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
Our quarrel with efficiency is not that it gets things done, but that it is a thief of time when it leaves us no leisure to enjoy ourselves, and that it strains our nerves when we try to get things done perfectly. In building bridges, American engineers calculate so finely and exactly as to make the two ends come together within one-tenth of an inch. But when two Chinese begin to dig a tunnel from both sides of a mountain both come out on the other side. The Chinese’s firm belief is that it doesn’t matter so long as a tunnel is dug through, and if we have two instead of one, why, we have a double track to boot.
The pace of modern industrial life forbids this kind of glorious and magnificent
idling. But, worse than that, it imposes upon us a different conception of time as measured by the clock and eventually turns the human being into a clock himself. (This sort of thing is bound to come to China, as is evident, for instance, in the case of a factory of twenty thousand workers. The luxurious prospect of twenty thousand workers coming in at their own sweet pleasure at all hours is, of course, somewhat terrifying.) Nevertheless, such efficiency is what makes life so hard and full of excitement. A man who has to be punctually（准时）at a certain place at five o’clock has the whole afternoon from one to five ruined for him already. Every American adult is arranging his time on the pattern of the schoolboy - three o’clock for this, five o’clock for that, six-thirty for change of dress, six-fifty for entering the taxi, and seven o’clock for arriving at the destination. It just makes life not worth living.
26. The writer objects to efficiency mainly on the grounds that it _______.
A. entitles us to too much leisure time
B. urges us to get things done punctually
C. deprives us of leisure time
D. imposes on us a perfect concept of time
27. In the eyes of the author, the introduction of industrial life gives rise to _______.
A. the excitement of life
B. magnificent idling of time
C. more emphasis on efficiency
D. terrifying schoolboy
28. The passage tells us _______.
A. Chinese workers come to work when it is convenient
B. all Americans are forced to be efficient against their will
C. Chinese engineers are on better terms with the management
D. Americans ought not to work so hard for efficiency
29. The author believes that relaxing the rule of punctuality in factories would lead to
_______.
A. great confusion
B. increased production
C. a hard and exciting life
D. successful completion of a tunnel
30. What is implied but NOT stated by the author is that _______.
A. every American is arranging his time in the pattern of a schoolboy
B. every American is reluctant to be efficient
C. everyone should have some time to spend as he pleases
D. being punctual is an undesirable habit which should not be formed
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
As regards social conventions, we must say a word about the well-known English class system. This is an embarrassing subject for English people, and one they tend to be ashamed of, though during the present century class-consciousness has grown less and less, and the class system less rigid. But it still exists below the surface. Broadly speaking, it means there are two classes, the “middle class” and the “working class”. (We shall ignore for a moment the old “upper class”, including the hereditary aristocracy, since it is extremely small in numbers; but some of its members have the
right to sit in the House of Lords, and some newspapers take a surprising interest in their private life.) The middle class consists chiefly of well-to-do businessmen and professional people of all kinds. The working class consists chiefly of manual and unskilled workers.
The most obvious difference between them is in their accent. Middle-class people use slightly varying kinds of “received pronunciation”（标准发音）which is the kind of English spoken by BBC announcers and taught to overseas pupils. Typical working-class people speak in many different local accents which are generally felt to be rather ugly and uneducated. One of the biggest barriers of social equality in England is the two-class education system. To have been to a so-called “public school” immediately marks you out as one of the middle class. The middle classes tend to live a more formal life than working-class people, and are usually more cultured. Their midday meal is “lunch” and they have a rather formal evening meal called “dinner”, whereas the working man’s dinner, if his working hours permit, is at midday, and his smaller, late-evening meal is called supper.
As we have said, however, the class system is much less rigid than it was, and for a long time it has been government policy to reduce class distinctions. Working-class students very commonly receive a university education and enter the professions, and working-class incomes have grown so much recently that the distinctions between the two classes are becoming less and less clear. However, regardless of one’s social status, certain standards of politeness are expected of everybody, and a well-bred person is polite to everyone he meets, and treats a laborer with the same respect he gives an important businessman. Servility(卑躬屈膝) inspires both embarrassment and dislike. Even the word “sir”, except in school and in certain occupations (e.g. commerce, the army etc.) sounds too servile to be commonly used.
31. The middle class mainly refers to people ________.
A. who were born as aristocrat
B. who have the right to sit in the House of Lords
C. who speak in many different local accents
D. who are prosperous businessmen or who work in some professions
32. The most obvious difference between the working class and the middle class in
English is their _______.
A. dress
B. work
C. accent
D. meal
33. Why isn’t the word “sir” commonly used in Britain?
A. Because it sounds too servile and is likely to cause embarrassment.
B. Because it can only be used in some certain occupations.
C. Because it is an impolite word.
D. Because it shows that the speaker is not a well-bred person.
34. The “upper class” in England today ________.
A. are extremely small in number so that media pays no attention to them
B. still uses old words like “Sir” in their everyday life
C. includes the hereditary aristocracy
D. refers only to the royal family
35. Which of the following is not true about the English class system?
A. It is an embarrassing subject for English people.
B. Working-class students cannot receive a university education.
C. The class system is much less rigid than it was.
D. The class system still exists below the surface.
Part III Translation (20%)
Directions：Translate the following passage into Chinese.(答案务必做在答题纸上)
The Internet can make the news more democratic, giving the public a chance to ask question and seek out facts behind stories and candidates, according to the head of the largest US online service. “You don’t have to buy a newspaper and be confined to the four corners of that paper any more,”Aam Meddis, online technology editor at USA Today, observed about the variety of information available to computer users. But the expert noted the easy access to the Internet also means anyone can post information for others to see. “Anyone can say anything they want, whether it’s right or wrong,” said Case, Chairman of American Online. Readers have to determine for themselves who to trust. “In a world of almost infinite voices, respected journalists and respected brand names will probably become more important, not less,” Case said. “ The Internet today is about where radio was 80 years ago, or television 50 years ago or cable 25 years ago,” he said. But it is growing rapidly because it provides people fast access to news and a chance to comment on it.
Part IV Writing (30%)
Directions: For this section, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on E-learning . Try to imagine what will happen when more and more people study online instead of attending school. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. (答案务必做在答题纸上)。