高二英语选修7 Unit3 Under the sea词汇知识点详解

第三单元
与某人分享某物He would share his last pound with me.
1 share (v) (2) sth between sb 共同承担… We share a small room between us. 我们俩合用一个房间.
(3) share sth among sb 共享/均分… Please share the sweets among the children present here.
Profits are shared (out) among the partners. 合伙人均分利润。

(4) (in) sth We will share the joys and sorrows.
(5) vi There is only one room , so we’ll have to share. （合用）You must learn to share.
(6) n 一份，股份Let me take a share in the expenses . 这些费用让我也出一份。

He owns 500 shares of the company. 他拥有那家公司的500 股股份。

share sb’s joys and sorrows 和某人同甘共苦
2 favorite (1) adj 最喜欢的Who is your favorite writer?
be favorite with 在…中受欢迎The singer is popular with young people.
(2) n最喜欢的人或物The book is a favorite with students. Liu Xiang is a general favorite.。

刘翔是最受大众喜欢的人
favor 喜欢，支持in favor of 支持，赞成favorable 赞成的，有利的，讨人喜欢的favoritism (n) 偏爱，得宠
3 witness (1) v 当场见到，目击I witnessed an accident on my way home yesterday.
(2) v表明，说明Her flushed（通红）face witnessed the excitement she felt.
(3) v作证None could witness that he was present.
(4) v 为…作证常与to 连用He witnessed to having seen the man enter the room. 他作证说他看到那个人进入房间。

(5) n (C) “目击者，证人”常与to连用The police found the witness to the murder case.He was a witness to the accident.
(6) n (C,U) 证词，证据，证明His ragged clothes were (a) witness to his poverty.
The old man gave witness on behalf of an accused person. 那位老人为被告作证。

on behalf of 代表/替…
相关短语：be a witness to 是…的目击者give witness on behalf of 替…作证witness to 为某事作证说
4 as (1) conj 用作连词可引导时间，原因，让步，比较，方式等状语从句
As he looked at her, she made a face. As he didn’t know much English, he got out his dictionary and looked up .
He doesn’t speak as the other people do . You must do as I told you. He is not so diligent as you.
Young as he is , he knows a lot. Child/Student as he is, he has a good knowledge of history.
As a young boy , he lost his parents in the war. I watched her as she combed her hair.
I have changed it as you suggested. I read the letter as I walked along the river.
As you weren’t there , I left a message. As he has been ill , perhaps he needs help.
Try as he would , he couldn’t open the door. Tired as they were, they walked on. Leave the table as it is.
(2) 作关系代词，引导限制性定语从句，先行词前常有such, the same, as, so 与之呼应，构成such…as, so…as,等
We’ll make such computers as are needed in different branches of science.
I want to buy the same shoes as were advertised.
(3) 作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，as 指前或后面整个句子的内容。

As you can see in the map, the two cities are far away from each other.
As everybody knows ,all that glitters is not gold. As is known to us all, Taiwan is part of China.
(4) prep 作为You will be welcomed as a hero tomorrow morning . She treats him as her brother.
近义词辨析：①as 强调主从句谓语动词的动作同时发生。

We talked as we walked on our way home.
②when 侧重表示瞬间（时间点）,主从句所述动作可以同时也可先后发生.
He went home when he had finished his homework.(先后) It was snowing when we got to the airport. （同时）③while 表示时间段或两个延续性动作同时发生Strike while the iron is hot. Please look after her while I’m away.
④because 语气最强，着重说明原因或理由（其从句一般放在主句之后），在回答why问句时，必须用because 不能用其他词。

He was tired because he had done much hard work.
⑤since 语气比because 稍弱，表示关系上的必然结果，一般译成“既然，鉴于”（一般放在主句前）Since everyone is here, let’s begin our class.
⑥as 语气最弱，只说明一般的因果关系（可放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后）。

As he didn’t know much English , he had some difficulty in making himself understood.
⑦for 是并列连词,不能放在句首，提供一种解释、理由或推断。

The electricity must be cut off for the light went out.
5. sort (1) vt 把…分类,拣选She is busy sorting letters. 她正忙于给信件分类。

He was sorting his foreign stamps.
(2) sort out 整理（好）I have sort ed out the letters. 我已把信分好。

He sorted out the old cards.他整理好了旧名片
We must sort out the good apples from the bad ones.
(3) n 种类，类别A hammer is a sort of tool. You can ask him for help---he is a good sort. …他是个好人。

He’s the sort of person I really dislike. What sort of paint are you using?
(4)词组sort of 颇为，有几分I feel sort of sick. all sorts of 相当于all kinds of
近义词辨析①sort 种类，在口语和商业语言中更常用，还可表示轻蔑的意思.
This sort of question is easy to answer. How did you get this sort of idea into your mind?
②kind 种类，特指某种性质相同，具有极其相似特征的东西，适用于某种方法分类，并置于一起。

He is the person of this kind.
③type 类型，在一般情况下，kind较笼统、模糊，而type 较具体、肯定。

Do you know how many basic types of blood there are in all ?
6. accommodation (1) 房间，住所The accommodation of this hotel is scare. （不足）
(2) 膳宿（常用复数）This hospital has accommodations for 600 patients.
(3) accommodate 向…提供住处，接纳(v) The house will accommodate two families.
相关短语：(1) make accommodations for 为…提供膳宿(2) book accommodation at a hotel 在旅馆预订房间(3) arrange sb’s accommodation 给某人安排住处(4) accommodate …to = adapt… to 使…适应
You will have to accommodate yourself to the situation.
(5) accommodate sb with = supply sb with The bank will accommodate you with a loan.
7 out of (1) 离…一段距离，不在内Fish can survive for only a short time out of water.
(2) 离开He jumped out of bed when he heard the door bell rang.
(3) 出于…动机He helped you just out of kindness. (4) 从…中Please don’t look out of the window.
(6) 用，以（某事物）She made a skirt out of the material I gave her.
(7) 缺乏，无lack (sth), without : I’m beginning to feel out of patience. 我开始觉得有些不耐烦了。

(8) 不出于out of 后的名词所表示的情况，脱离He’s still in hospital but out of danger. My radio is out of order. 相关短语：(1) out of breath (2) out of it 不加入，孤立(3) out of date 过时的(4) out of control 失控(5) out of repair
失修(6) out of question 毫无疑问(7) out of the question 不可能的(8) out of sight 看不见(9) out of mind 离久情疏
(10) out of line 不协调，不一致(11) out of work/a job 失业
与out 有关的短语：stick out 伸出，突出pick out 挑选出read/shout sth out/loud 大声念出/叫出be worn out =be tired out =give out 某人累坏了/筋疲力尽run out 用完/尽,有宾语时加of sell out 卖完help out 帮助…
8 be about to do 表示即将发生的动作，意为“正要，即将”此结构不与具体的时间状语连用。

常与when 连用。

She was about to go to the cinema when I came. I was about to leave when the telephone rang.
9 come on (1) 表示劝说，激励，不耐烦或催促等Come on, we’ll be late for school.
(2) 上演，演出There’s a new play coming on next week.
相关短语：(1) come about 发生(2) come across 偶然遇到(3) come out 出来，花（开），出版(4) come up 走近，上升，发芽(5) come up with 赶上，补充，提出(6) come to 谈到，总计为，达到，苏醒
10 ahead (1) adv 向前，朝前The way ahead was blocked by fallen trees. He ran ahead .
(2) ahead of 在…前面，优于，胜于She was always well ahead of the rest the class. 她在班上总是遥遥领先。

His ideas were ahead of his time . 他的思想比他所处的时代先进。

ahead of time 提前
You should have told me that ahead of time. He is ahead of me in Chinese
11 throw (1) 投，掷，扔，抛Throw the ball to your younger brother. He was thrown into prison.被关进…
I felt discouraged when he threw cold water on my idea. She threw herself into a chair and began to cry.
(2) 匆忙或随便穿/脱He threw a blanket over the injured man. 他匆忙给伤者披上毯子。

She threw on/off her overcoat. 她匆匆穿上/脱掉大衣。

(3) 惊扰，使不安The news of Fu Biao’s death really threw us.
(4) 使某人处于某种状态The big fire threw hundreds of workers out of work. 大火使几百人失业。

The explosion threw the people into confusion. 爆炸使人们慌乱。

We were thrown into confusion by the news. 我们让那消息给弄糊涂了。

He was threw himself into teaching.全身心
相关短语：(1) be thrown into confusion 陷入混乱(2) throw away 抛弃，浪费，拒绝(3) throw cold water on
向…泼冷水(4) throw off 匆匆脱掉，抛弃，摆脱(5) throw oneself on 依靠，求助于(6) throw oneself into doing sth
开始热心做某事(7) throw up 举起，呕吐，丢弃
12 grab (1) 抢，抓，抢夺He grabbed my collar and pulled me before the boss. 他抓住我的领子把我拎到老板面前。

When I gave him the chance , he grabbed it at once. He grabbed at the boy, but failed.他想抓住那个男孩，可是….
He grabbed at the boy, but couldn’t save him from falling. 他伸手去抓那个男孩，但还是没有阻止他跌落。

(2) 取/ 拿某物Grab a seat and make yourself at home. 随便找个位子坐，别客气。

(3) 给某人留下深刻印象How does this music grab you? It doesn’t grab me at all.这音乐你喜欢吗？一点都不喜欢。

13 pack (1) v 打包，收拾行李They packed their things for the trip . All these books need to be packed into boxes.
He takes a packed lunch to work every day. 他每天带盒装午饭上班。

(2) v 挤满，塞满The stadium was packed with chanting fans. 热情的观众积满了体育馆。

The book was packed with useful information. 这本书了有很多有用的资料。

(3) C 包，捆，群The girl left the room in a hurry with a pack of clothes under her arm.
相关短语 a pack of cigarettes 一包香烟packs of 大量的，一堆堆的pack off 运走，打发掉pack up 收拾行李
a pack of wolves 一群狼a pack of lies 一派谎言package (n) 包装，包扎packed 充满的，打包的packer
14 flee (vi, vt) 逃跑，逃离，迅速消散，消失,破灭(fled ,fled ) He fled his hometown during the war.
They fled Japan. During the civil war, thousands of people fled the country.
His hope fled when he was refused the admittance to the company. 当他被拒绝进入这家公司时，他的希望破灭了。

注意：He fled (from) that country. He escaped from that country. He ran away from that country.
escape(1) 用作及物动词时意为“逃避，躲避”
In order to escape being punished he made an excuse. In order to escape punishment he made an excuse.
(2) （从监禁或管制中）vi 逃跑，逃走He escape from prison this morning. Two prisoners have escaped.
(3) （从不愉快或危险处境中）vi 逃脱，摆脱She managed to escape from the burning car.
近义词辨析：(1) flee 强调逃跑行为本身，含有“逃走，消散”的意思
The villagers fled about when the flood broke out. 洪水爆发时，村民们四处逃窜。

His hope fled when he was refused the admittance to the company. 2
(2) escape 强调逃跑的结果，即成功地跑掉了。

In the war, the soldier escaped death. …那名士兵死里逃生。

They managed to escape from the burning building by breaking down the door.
(3) run away 多用于口语，含有“不辞而别”之意。

He ran away from home at the age of thirteen.
15 drag vi, vt 拖，拉，扯；C 供拖拉之物，累赘的人或物We dragged the fallen tree from the road.
Her skirt dragged on the floor. 她的裙子在地上拖着。

相关短语：(1) drag behind 落在后面(2) drag in 扯进来(3) drag sb down 使某人沮丧(4) drag on 拖延近义词辨析：①drag 费力，缓慢而艰难地拉、拖较重的物体。

He dragged a heavy box. He dragged himself/his tired feet home . 他拖着疲倦的步子回家。

②draw 从容地拉、拖He drew the curtain apart. 他拉开了窗帘。

③pull 突然、急速地拉，方式不限。

He pulled the door and rushed in. Pull it up.
相关短语：drag behind 落在后面drag in 扯进来drag sb down 使某人沮丧drag on 拖延
16 annual 每年的，年度的，一年一次的annually (adv) 每年an annual event/festival What’s your annual salary?
17 abandon (vt) (1) 遗弃，抛弃Parents who abandon their babies should be punished.
The captain gave orders to abandon ship. We must urge people who smoke to abandon the habit.
(2) 放弃Luxun abandoned medicine for literature. The match was abandoned because of bad weather. (取消)
(3) abandon oneself to 沉迷（be addicted to）He abandoned himself to despair. 他悲观厌世。

The young man does nothing but abandon himself to pleasure. 那位年轻人除了沉溺于玩乐什么都不做。

abandoned (adj) 被遗弃的，自暴自弃的，无耻的，堕落的abandoned young man 堕落的年轻人abandoned ship 被弃的船只Walking in the forest, he felt abandoned by the world.
abandonment (U) 遗弃，抛弃abandoner 放弃者，遗弃者，投保人abandonee 被遗弃者，承保人
18 leave …alone 让…一个人待着,不管，别惹，不打扰She is very upset. Leave her alone for some minutes. Leave me alone.= Let me be .= Let me alone.
相关短语：leave out 忽略，不考虑leave for离开去某地leave behind 留下leave off 停止
19 set aside “为…节省（时间或钱），把…放在一边She tries to set aside some money every month.
He sets aside one hour to do some reading every day.
20 crash (1) v, n 突然倒下，撞击（某物），发出声响The rocks crashed (down) onto the car. 石头轰隆一声砸砸在…
She crashed the plates(down) on the table. 他哗啦一声把盘子摔倒桌子上。

(2) 猛撞He crashed his car into a wall. 他把汽车撞到墙上了。

(3) 突然倒台，崩溃The company crashed with debts. 那家公司因负债而破产。

(4) n 坠落（声），破裂（声）The tree fell with a great crash. 那棵树哗啦一声倒了。

(5) n垮台，倒闭The great financial crash in 1929 ruined the international trade.1929年经济大萧条摧毁了国际贸易。

21 beat (1) 连续而有规律的击打、跳动Who’s beating the drum? Waves beat the shore.
He is alive---his heart is still beating. The bird was beating its wrings. 那只鸟在拍打这它的翅膀。

(2) 打败某人，胜于，击败She beat her younger brother at tennis. Our team was easily beaten.
(3) puzzle 使困惑Your question has beaten me . 你的问题把我难住了。

近义词辨析：(1) beat 后接比赛、辩论、或战争中的对手。

I can easily beat him in a table tennis.
(2) win 后接比赛、争论、战争或奖品等。

He won the match. He won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1986.
22 lead (1) 指路，领路A policeman was leading a blind man across the road.
(2) 引导某人，影响某人He is too easily led. 他太容易受人左右了。

What led you to this conclusion?
(3) 通，达All roads lead to Rome. This misprint led to great confusion. 这个印刷错误导致了很大的混淆。

(4) 过某种生活Today we are leading a happy life.
(5) lead to +(doing ) sth 导致做某事The strike can lead to a loss of jobs.
leader 领导(人) leadership 领导，领导地位/能力leading 指导的，主要的
23 distance (1) n 距离,间距My school is within walking distance of my house. 学校离我家不远，走几步就到了。

(2) n 远方，远处At a distance of six miles you can’t see much. She keeps him at a distance. 她冷淡他。

in the distance 在远处within distance在…距离内at a distance of…在…的距离from a distance 从远方
I saw the Mt. Fuji in the distance.我在远处看到了富士山。

The picture looks beautiful at a distance.这幅画稍远处看很美。

at a distance 从稍远处
24 draw (1) 用铅笔等画He drew a house in one minute.
(2) 向某方向移动Christmas is drawing near. 圣诞节日渐临近。

The train drew in/into the station. 火车进了站。

(3) 拉，拖She drew me aside to tell me what she had heard. The cart (大车) was drawn by two horses.
(4) 拔出，抽出He came towards me with a drawn sword. 他拔剑出鞘冲我而来。

(5) 获取，吸取,吸气，取钱What conclusion can you draw from your research? The diver first drew a deep breath.
We hope it will draw the attention of all comrades. For this he drew out 1000 yuan from the bank.
They were not willing to be drawn into the conflict. （卷入）
(6) 打成平局The two teams drew. They drew the game.
draw a conclusion 得出结论draw near 挨近，靠近drawer 抽屉，开票人
25 aim (1) 瞄准，对准He aimed his gun at the enemy. My remarks were not aimed at you. 我的话不是针对你。

This product is aimed at the female market. The criticism wasn’t aimed at you.
(2) 指望，目的在于What are you aiming at ?你的用意何在？
The visit is aimed at improving the relations between the two countries.
(3) （向某方向）努力，力争He worked hard, aiming at a scholarship. 他努力学习力争拿到奖学金。

(4) n 瞄准，目标，目的My aim was accurate. He has only one aim in all his life--- to become rich. aimless 无目标的aimlessly 无目标地aimlessness 无目标aim (sth) at sb/sth 拿…瞄准…aim at sth
以…为目标take aim at 对…瞄准without aim 无目的的aim high 胸怀大志aim at the moon 妄想
26 feed (1) n 一顿，一餐，饲料When is the baby’s next feed? There’s no feed left for the hens.
(2) v喂养，饲养The baby needs feeding. Have you fed the chickens? We fed wheat to cattle.=We fed cattle with wheat
(3) feed on 吃…过日子，依靠,以…为食Cattle feed chiefly on grass. 牛主要以草为食。

(4) feed up 供给食物There are hundreds of poor children there needing feeding up.
(5) feed…on 用…喂养They feed the babies on milk. In winter they feed the cows/cattle on hay and corn.
也可用作feed…with sth , with 后可接食物或工具The nurse was feeding the baby with porridge.
Mother was feeding her son with a spoon. 相关短语：be fed up with 吃…吃得饱，厌倦
Pigs__ in our school __ the food we students have thrown away.
A fed, feed on
B are fed, live on
C that are fed, feed with
D fed, feed to
27 take 需要，花费，要求The journey from London to Oxford takes about an hour and a half.
It would take a strong man to lift that weight. 身强力壮的人才能举起那么重的东西。

It took me two hours to mend my bike. It takes a long time for her to recover from the illness.
Writing books must take a great deal of time. 短语：take great trouble to do 不辞劳苦做某事take one’s time
从容不迫，不着急，慢慢来take sb seriously as 认真对待某人take sth as it comes 顺其自然take against sb/sth
(说不清原因地) 开始不喜欢某人/某事take after sb 追赶某人
近义词辨析：(1) spend 主语必须是人，构成spend …on sth 或spend …(in) doing sth
He spent much money on books. Every morning he spends an hour in reading English.
(2) cost 主语必需是事或物，一般指花钱,侧重于“花费”的代价。

cost还有“以…为代价，丧失…”之意其后常跟双宾语及life, money, health, time 等.The book cost him one dollar. His careless driving cost him his life last year.
(3) take 表示“花费”时，其主语是“一件事”一般指花费时间The journey took me three hours.
It took me ten minutes to go to the post office. It took me three days to finish reading the novel.
(4) pay “付钱”，主语是人。

常用于pay for 或pay （sb）some money for sth 结构中。

I paid five yuan for the pen. He paid the taxi and hurried to the station. He paid me 5yuan for mending the clock.
28 approach (1) v 接近，靠近His work is approaching completion. 他的工作接近完成。

We approach the museum.
As you approach the town , the first building you see is the church. National Day is approaching.
(2) v 着手考虑/处理；（因事）找或接近。

He is rather difficult to approach.
Then I approached him on the matter. 接着我就去找他谈这件事。

When is the best time to approach my employer about an increase in salary?
(3) n 接近At her approach the children ran off. The approach of winter brings cold weather.
(4) n 通路，入口All the approaches to the meeting hall were guarded by troops. All approaches were blocked.
(5) n方法，手段Our teacher uses a new approach to language teaching. He presented a new approach.
(6) n 意图，尝试The club has made an approach to a local firm for help. 俱乐部已尝试向本地一家公司求助。

29 hold (1) v 拿住，抱住，拖住,抓住The child was holding her father’s hand. She was holding her baby in her
arms.
(2) 召开，举行The meeting will be held next week.
(3) 保持某一状态Hold your head up. Hold yourself still for a while when I take your photo. 我给你拍照时你别动。

(4) 容纳，包含The lecture hall can hold 2000 people. My brain can’t hold so much information at one time. We want to rent a bus which can hold 40 people for our trip to Beijing.
(5) possess ,occupy 占有，占据，担任How long has he held office? 他已任职多长时间了？
We hold a major share in the company .我们持有这家公司的大部分股份。

(6) 获得，怀有He holds the world record for long jump. 他保持着跳远的世界纪录。

A good teacher must be able to hold his pupils’ attention. 一位好老师一定能够吸引学生的注意力。

(7) 承受，支撑Is that box strong enough to hold you? 那个盒子能承受得住你吗？
The dam gave away, it was not strong enough to hold the flood. 水坝坍塌了，它不够坚固，挡不住洪水。

相关短语：hold back 阻止，踌躇，保守秘密hold on 坚持下去，抓牢，（打电话）不挂断hold up 举起，支持住
hold out 伸出，提出，制止hold on to 保住，保留，抓住
We thought of selling the furniture . But we’ve decided to hold on to it. It might be valuable.
29 migrate vi (1) 迁移，移居People migrate to find work. 人们迁居别处去找工作。

(2) vi （鸟兽等）迁徙Some birds migrate to find warmer weather. 有些鸟迁徙以寻找更暖的气候。

migration n 迁移，移民，迁徙的鸟类
30 rough adj (1) (表面)粗糙的,不平的This table is rough. The car is running on a rough road.
The ship traveled up and down in the rough sea. 轮船在汹涌的大海中上下颠簸。

(2) 粗野的，粗鲁的He is rough in speech . 他言语粗鲁。

(3) 粗略的，大体He made a rough sketch.他画了一张粗略的草图。

(4) 难受的，艰难的She has had a rough time since her husband died.
be rough on 苛刻地对待…The boss was very rough on the junior staff. 那个老板对资历浅的职员相当苛刻。

31 handle vt (1) 对付，应对She is good at handling children. 她很会带小孩。

(2) 使用He learnt how to handle an axe. The car handles easily/ badly. 这车易/难开。

(3) 拿Handle the glasses with care. 这些玻璃杯要小心轻放。

32 endanger v 使受危害，伤害，危及The polluted air in the city endangered the health of the residents. Smoking endangers your health. endangered adj 有危险的，将要绝种的，濒危的
We must do our best to save the endangered animals.
33 species 种类n 单复数同形，表示“（动/植物）物种various animal species各种动物the human species 人类
34 oppose v 反对，使对立/对抗They opposed the plan. They are opposed to the plan.他们反对这个计划。

I am opposed to his going alone. I opposed myself to his plan. 我反对他的计划。

Don’t oppose your will against mine. 不要把你的意见同我的对立起来。

35 ban (1)禁止v 表示禁止某人做某事，通常用ban sb from doing sth He was banned from driving. 他被禁止开车。

Smoking is banned in school . 在学校禁止吸烟。

(2) 禁令n 其后常接介词on ,表示对某事的禁止。

There is a ban on smoking in petrol stations. 加油站禁止吸烟。

36 wander (1) 徘徊,流浪，闲逛v wander (about /up and down ) (in ) the street 徘徊街头
My mother told me not to wander the streets after school. I enjoy wandering in the street in my spare time .
(2) 迷路，走散(off/away) They wandered off (away) in the mountains . 他们在山中迷了路。

(3) v 走神,思想随便活动My attention was wandering . 我的注意力不知到哪儿去.
He realized his students’ attention was beginning to wander.
(4) 偏离（话题）He wandered off the subject.他说离了题。

Don’t wander from the subject.不要偏离主题。

(5) v 蜿蜒，迂回曲折The road wanders through the range of hills . 这条路在山丘间绕来绕去。

37 rent (vt) 租，租赁，租借（from）; (常与out连用) 出租，租出I rent a house from Mrs Jones.
(1) He rent out a room to a student at 100 yuan a month.
(2) n 租金What’s the rent for the counter ? 这柜台租金是多少？Rents of room are going up again.
38 survive (1) 做不及物动词，意为“活下来；幸存”Only ten people survived in that bus accident . Her parents died in that earthquake but she survived.
(2) vt “幸存于；经历。

之后还幸存”Chuck survived the crash (空难)and landed on a deserted island. Few buildings survived the fire. 这次火灾中没有几所建筑物幸免于难。

(3) 比…活得长She survived her husband by ten years. 她比他的丈夫多活了十年。

survivor n 幸存者survival n 幸存，死里逃生
In such dry weather the flowers will have to be watered if they ___.
A have survived
B are to survive
C would survive
D will survive
39 reflect (vt, vi ) (1) 映出某人/某物的影像He looked at his face reflected in the mirror.
A mirror reflects a picture of you when you look into it . 当你照镜子时，镜子映出你的形象。

Does this letter reflect how you really think ? 这封信是否表达了你真实的想法？
(2) 反射The mirror reflected the light. The moon shines with reflected light . 月球是借反射光而发光的。

(3) 表达，表现（某事物）的性质 A man’s action reflects his thoughts.
(4) 考虑，思考,沉思.常与on 连用He reflected before answering my question. I’m reflected on what to do next.
He reflected that his troubles would soon be over. He reflected on the matter. 他考虑了这件事。

(5) 对…有坏影响Such behavior will only reflect discredit on yourself. 那样的行为只会影响到你的信誉。

reflection 映像，倒影n on reflection 再三考虑The reflection of the trees in the water was very clear.
40 aware (adj) 做形容词，意为“知道的，明白的，意识到”即having knowing .作表语或补足语，通常不做定语，后接that从句或of 介词短语。

We are fully a aware of the gravity of the situation . 我们十分明白形势的严重性。

I was not aware that he had felt deeply sad at the death of his mother. I was well aware of the problem. …很清楚…
What the teacher said made me aware of the importance of English. Were you aware that something was wrong?
You are not aware (of ) how worried I felt about your safety. It happened without my being aware of it. 在我不知不觉
41 surround 包围The pool was surrounded with a fence.
He found himself surrounded by three boys. The firemen surrounded the burning building.
42 yellowed-spotted, blue-striped 类似用法：心地善良的______________________冷血的______________________
人造卫星________________________________ 雪山_____________________________________________________
a funny-looking man an ordinary-looking man 讲英语的国家_______________________热爱和平的__________
43 complain 抱怨，申诉(1) complain to sb about/of sth ; complain that抱怨… He is always complaining of the
food.
She complained to me about the service here. He complained that his job gives him no satisfaction .
44 find out 主要表示调查或观察询问等而查明情况或弄清事实真相等。

It was not until the People’s Republic of China was__ that his lost brother was __.
A find, found
B found, founded
C founded, found
D founded, founded
45 …that were on their annual migration . …他们在进行一年一度的迁徙。

on 在句中表示“（状态，方法等）进行中，在…中，于…状态”The house is on fire. The workers are on strike.
The car is on sale. The students are on their holiday.
46 hear of (1) “听说，听到”可与hear about 互换I don’t know the writer but I have heard of him.
(2) 与will not , would not 连用时，意为“不同意，不考虑”I won’t hear of such a thing. 我不赞同此事。

hear about 收到...的来信，得到…的消息We haven’t heard from him since last Christmas.
Two years later, her father disappeared, never to be heard from again. ……走了，再没有得到他的消息。

47 48 with my own eyes 用我自己的眼睛，亲眼I saw the accident with my own eyes. (亲眼)
与eye 有关的短语：have an eye on …密切注视，监视keep an eye on …照看，照顾catch one’s eye 引起某人的注意，an eye for an eye 以牙还牙，以眼还眼in the eye of 从（某人）的眼光来看，在某人眼里shut one’s eye to sth （对…）视而不见under person’s eyes 在某人面前，公然地
Will you keep __ my child for a while? –With pleasure. She’s fun, I think.
A care of
B attention to
C an eye on
D a blind eye to
in the eyes of the law/world 从法律、世人的观点看have an eye for 对…有眼光/鉴赏力
keep an eye on 密切关注，留神，看管make eyes at sb 向…送秋波
Will you keep __ my child for a while ? ---With pleasure. She’s fun, I think.
A care of
B an eye on
C attention to
D a blind eye to
49 be about to do 不与具体的时间连用。

意为“正要，即将”When I came back, she was about to leave.
The plane is about to take off. 飞机即将起飞。

My mother was about to go shopping when it began to rain.
He was about to go to bed when the telephone rang.
50 ahead adv (1)（表位置）前面Go straight ahead till you see the gate of the school.
He is ahead of any other student in our class in this examination .
(2)（表时间）提前，事先The time is nine hours ahead of London. 这儿的时间比伦敦早9小时。

If you come , please tell me ahead of time.
(3) （表关系）领先Our team is ahead by 6 points. 我们队领先6分。

get ahead of 超越She soon got ahead of the others in her class because of her hard work.
go ahead with 继续Go ahead with your work. 继续干活吧。

go ahead 说吧，用吧，干吧I wonder if I could use your phone. Sure, go ahead. …请用吧。

Can I borrow your bike? ---Yes,__. A go on B go ahead C go forward D go off
51 I had already heard that George didn’t like being kept waiting …我早已听说乔治不喜欢等人…
句中like 后用了keep sb dong 的被动式做宾语，即为动名词的被动式。

动名词的被动式表示动名词的逻辑主语是动作的承受着。

动名词的被动式分为一般式( being done) 和完成式(having been done )两种。

He is used to being asked questions in class. (被提问) He came to our party without being asked.
I don’t remember having been given such a book. He prided himself on having never been beaten. 为…而
自豪
52 have on “穿着，佩戴，在身上带有”She had on a red dress and white shoes.
I don’t have that much money on me at the moment.
近义词辨析：(1) wear 穿着，指状态，可以用进行时，宾语是衣服、鞋帽、眼镜、发型等。

She often wears a white coat. He is wearing a shirt. Xiao Ming is wearing a pair of glasses.
(2) put on 穿戴，穿上（反义词take off ）; 指穿的动作，用于穿鞋、戴帽、穿衣等。

He put on his hat rapidly and went out .
(3) have on 穿着，指状态，没有进行时，宾语是代词时，必须放在该词组中间。

(4) dress vt 给（某人）穿衣，宾语一般是人，不接衣服类的词语作宾语，“衣服”类的词要用在介词的后面。

The mother is dressing her baby. He is old enough to dress himself. She dressed the girl in a new blouse. (5) be (dressed) in 之后经常接颜色或服装式样之类的名词。

She is (dressed) in a red shirt.
He often __ a suit of jeans to school. A puts on B wears C dress D has
53 head out into 相当于head for /to/towards 或make (a dive) for “前往，向…进发”
They are heading for New York. We headed for/towards /to/ out into the field.
He made a dive for the rejected suits.
54 lead to (1) 通向All roads lead to Rome. The path leading to the top of the mountain is covered with snow.
(2) 带领Our party led us from victory to victory.
(3)导致，其中to 是介词His careless led to the accident. His laziness led to his failure.
(4) lead sb to sth （to 是介词）What led you to this conclusion? 是什么使你得出这样的结论？
注意：当我们用lead sb to do sth 时，to 是不定式符号，意为“导致，促使某人做某事”
Your answer led me to make further inquiries. (调查) What does the writer lead his readers to believe?
55 hold up (1)竖起,不倒This building holds up well despite its age . 尽管年代久远，这座建筑物仍巍然屹立。

(2) 举起The pupil held up his right hand. (3)使停顿、使耽搁The traffic was held up by an accident. (4) 拦劫The robbers held up the train.
与hold 有关的短语：hold a meeting/party election举行会议/聚会/选举hold a position/rank/job 拥有职务/级别/工作hold one’s breath 屏住呼吸hold back 阻止hold on 等会儿，等一等hold out （供给品等）维持，持续
；守住，坚守get/take/catch /grab hold of…抓住/拿住/握住… hold on to sth 保住，保留，抓住
We thought of selling the old furniture . But we’ve decided to__ it. It might be valuable.
A hold on to
B keep up with
C turn to
D look after
56 help out 使（某人）脱离困境，援助，协助Nobody helped me out when I lost my job.
Jane helped him out of his financial difficulties.
相关短语：can’t help doing 禁不住，不禁can’t help (to) do 不能帮忙help over 帮助克服/越过help (to) do help oneself to 请自己动手，请随便用can’t help but do 不得不/不能不做help sb with sth
When a friend gave Jim a ticket he __ to the game.
A couldn’t help but go
B couldn’t help but going
C can’t help but go
D can’t help but going
I’m sorry to say that I can’t help_ the room because I’m busy right now. A cleaning B to cleaning C clean D cleans
When I heard the good news I couldn’t help___. A to laugh B laugh C laughing D to laughing
57 look forward to “希望，盼望，期望”其中to是介词We are looking forward to seeing you again.
look 组成的词组look after 照看look around/ round 环顾，仔细考虑look back 回头看，回顾look on 旁观
look down upon 蔑视，瞧不起look at look big 洋洋自得look for look into 调查，注视look on as 看待
look up to 尊敬look out 小心look over 仔细检查look through 透过…看，看穿，从头到尾通读一遍look up 查找，翻阅，（形势等）好转，改变。