南京大学学术英语写作第九章摘要

This article reports on a participatory research project aimed at introducing teachers in a localized community to outcomes-based education (OBE) and environmental education (EE). A case study was conducted, which involved a collaborative learning program development process through a partnership between a university and teachers from primary schools located in the Cape Town suburb of Grassy Park. Results of the study are reported and then discussed.

本文报告了一个参与性研究项目，旨在向当地社区的教师介绍成果教育（OBE）和环境教育（EE）。进行了一项案例研究，其中包括一所大学与位于开普敦郊区格拉斯公园的小学教师合作开发协作学习计划的过程。报告了研究结果并进行了讨论。

摘要二

This article reports on a participatory research project aimed at introducing teachers in a localized community to outcomes-based education (OBE) and environmental education (EE). The case study involved a collaborative learning program development process through a partnership between a university and teachers from primary schools located in the Cape Town suburb of Grassy Park. Teacher reflections indicated that the intended curriculum as stated in documents produced by the National Department of Education may not serve the needs of teachers in specific local contexts. Teachers appeared to have difficulty with making meaning from new terminology associated with what may be perceived as a sophisticated OBE system.

本文报告了一个参与性研究项目，旨在向当地社区的教师介绍成果教育（OBE）和环境教育（EE）。该案例研究涉及一个合作学习项目的开发过程，该项目由一所大学和位于开普敦郊区格拉斯公园的小学教师合作完成。教师反思表明，国家教育部编制的文件中所述的预定课程可能无法满足特定地方教师的需要。教师似乎很难从新的术语中获得意义，这些术语可能被认为是一个复杂的OBE系统。

1) Much of the literature on colonial policies towards women has highlighted the ways that these policies spread Western notions of domesticity and narrowed the space available for African women to participate in public life. 2) Drawing from the case of British Southern Cameroons, this paper argues that colonial policies and encounters were in fact more complex. 3) While certain policies did seek to propagate European notions of domesticity and to confine African women to the private space of the home, others opened new opportunities for education, salaried employment, and participation in women's organizations. 4) The paper stresses that colonial encounters often had multiple, and even contradictory, effects and that African women were not merely passive subjects, but agents capable of rejecting and transforming colonial policies and ideologies that did not meet their needs.

1）许多关于对妇女的殖民政策的文献都强调了这些政策传播西方家庭生活观念的方式，缩小了非洲妇女参与公共生活的空间。2）本文以英国南喀麦隆为例，认为殖民政策和遭遇实际上更为复杂。3）虽然某些政策确实试图宣传欧洲的家庭生活观念，并将非洲妇女限制在家庭的私人空间，但其他一些政策为教育、带薪就业和参加妇女组织提供了新的机会。4）该文件强调，殖民地的遭遇往往产生多重甚至相互矛盾的影响，非洲妇女不仅是被动的主体，而且是能够拒绝和改变不符合她们需要的殖民政策和意识形态的代理人。