《管理专业英语》课件CHAPTER-4.

❖ The shared values can be beliefs, behaviors, stories, rituals, myths, practices, customs, material symbols, language, and attitudes unique to the organization that help the members of the organization understand what it stands for.
❖ Organization gradually set the company’s standards in doing business
❖ Management especially the top management will implement their philosophy in operating the business
❖ Social Contracts Theory view: think that people in the society must responsibility to each other
How Should Managers Manage Ethical Behavior of Employees?
Four Approach to SR
❖ Obstructionist stance: Do as little as possible ❖ Defensive stance: Do legally required items ❖ Accommodative stance: Selected cases
which means the business choose the one that benefit to the organization to implement social responsibilities ❖ Proactive stances: Always seek opportunities to contribute to the society.
❖ The ideas which from founders and management are instilled to employees
❖ And the employees who come from different culture background will bring their positive values and beliefs into the organization. These are components of the organization’s culture as well.
What is Social Responsibility?
Social responsibility is the obligation of an organization to protect and enhance the societal context in which it functions
❖ Long-term vs short-term orientaanizational culture is “the way we do things around there”, a system of shared meaning and common beliefs held by organizational members that determines, in a large degree, how they act towards each other.
be dependable organizational citizen ❖ Must reward the one who obey ethical activities,
and punish the one whose actions are unethically
The Fashion Social Responsibility Scale
❖ Right view: is to act and respect the rights of others involved (such as free speech, life safety, individual liberties)
❖ Justice view: consider what is fair or what is unfair to stakeholders
❖ First, her dark colored clothing covers her entire body from head to toe, including a black veil over her face.
❖ Secondly, as she speaks, a cultural difference is detected in both, her language and gestures. Her accent and the non-visible facial expressions create a barrier for comprehending the communication.
❖ Business Ethics are originally the business’s standard by which it thinks its business activities that good or bad to the society, and to some extent relate to its stakeholders’ interests and rights
❖ Managing ethical behavior must begin with top management
❖ Managers must provide a good role model ❖ Offer ethics trainings to employees on how to
handle different ethical dilemmas ❖ Should develop a written code for employees, and
resources 4. Can save costs of doing business 5. Increasing the scope of market 6. Diverse point of views are available in
problem solving and decision making
❖ Obeys law ❖ Safe working conditions ❖ Does not degrade the environment ❖ Maintains high quality products and services ❖ Promotes employees rights ❖ Company produces safe products ❖ Job that allows employees to use valued skills and
What is Business Ethics?
❖ Simply, ethics are individual’s personal beliefs about what is right and wrong, or good or bad. It usually formed by family, peer, experiences, values, morals, situational factors and knowledge.
❖ During further discussion, it becomes even more apparent.
Kinds of Culture
National Culture ❖ National culture is the values and attitudes
shared by individuals from a specific country that shape their behavior and their beliefs about what is important.
Hofstede’s Five dimensions of Culture
❖ Individualism versus collectivism
❖ Power distance dimension
❖ Uncertainty avoidance dimension
❖ Quantity vs quality of life
Innovation and Risk taking
Stability
Attention To Detail
Organizational Culture
Outcome Orientation
People orientation
Aggressiveness
Team Orientation
Figure4-1 Dimension of Organizational Culture
Why cultural diversity can promote competitive advantages to Org.?
1.Cultural diversity can increase organizational system’s flexibility
2. It can add creativity to the organization 3. Will be easier for organization to acquire
❖ Later, as the service for the woman progresses, her beliefs, values, and norms of her culture are dispelled.
❖ For example, in order for the woman to show her face to another male in public, she must first request permission from her husband to unveil.
The Characteristics of Multicultural organization
❖ Pluralism ❖ Full structural integration ❖ Full integration of the informal network ❖ Absence of prejudice and discrimination ❖ No gap in organizational identification, base
Four Views of Ethics
❖ Utilitarian view: utility is to act and optimize what is best for constituencies. Making ethical decisions solely on basis of their outcomes and consequences.
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❖ For instance, an Iranian woman has just appeared in your office for services and it is immediately evident that her culture is very different than yours.
on cultural identity group ❖ Result in low level of intergroup conflicts
How an organization’s culture is
established?
❖ Philosophy of an organization’s founders normally is the basis of the culture