英语(二)优化标准预测试卷(二)

英语(二) 优化标准预测试卷(二)
第一部分:阅读判断(第1 ~ 10 题，每题 1 分，共 10 分)下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。

The First Settlement in North America
It is very difficult to say just when colonization began. The first hundred y ears after Christopher Columbus’s journey of discovery in 1492 did not produce any settlement on the North America continent but rather some Spanish trading posts further south, a great interest in gold and adventure, and some colorful crimes in which the English had their part. John Cabot, originally from Genoa but a citizen of Venice, was established as a trader in Bristol, England, when he made a journey in 1497. But his ship, the Matthew, with its crew of eighteen, did no more than see an island (probably off the New England coast) and return home. He and his son made further voyages across the north Atlantic which enabled the English crown to claim a “legal” title to North America. But for a long time afterwards
the Europeans’ interest in America was ma inly confined to the
Spanish activities further south.
The first beginning of permanent settlement in North America
were nearly a hundred years after Columbus’s first voyage. The
Englishman Sir Walter Raleigh claimed the whole of North
America for England, calling it Virginia. In 1585 he sent a
small group of people who landed in Roanoke Island, but they
stayed only for a year and then went back to England with another expedition, led by Drake, in 1587. A second group who landed
in 1587 had all disappeared when a further expedition arrived
in 1590.
The first permanent settlement in North America was in 1670.
English capitalists founded two Virginia companies, a southern
one based in London and a northern one based in Bristol. It was
decided to give the name New England to the northern area. The
first settlers in Virginia were little more than wage slaves
to the company. All were men and the experiment was not very successful. Many died. Those who survived lived in miserable conditions. By 1619 the colony had only a thousand people.
1.We know for sure that colonization began at the end of the
15th century.
( )
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
2. Among the early settlers in South America in the 16th century
were Spanish traders. ( )
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
3. With John Cabot’s arrival at an island off the New England
coast in 1497, the British Crown claimed to be the legal
owner of North America.
( )
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
4. There were eighteen people on board the Matthew during its
voyage to North America in 1497. ( )
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
5. The first attempt made by European people to settle down permanently in North America Occurred in the 1580s. ( )
6. The name Virginia was given to North America by Sir Walter
Rale
igh.
(
)
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
7. Sir Walter Raleigh sent some people to Virginia for a year
in
1585.
(
)
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
8. The first permanent settlement in North America was in 1670. ( )
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
9. The name New England was given to the northern area of North America by the boss of one of the two Virginia companies. ( )
10. The first settlers in Virginia were all slaves mixed with
men and women. ( )
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
第二部分：阅读选择（第11 ~ 15题，每题 2 分，共 10 分）
阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项（A、B、C、D）
中选出1个最佳选项。

The Operation of International Airlines
International airlines have rediscovered the business
traveler, the man or woman who regularly jets from country to
country as part of the job. This does not necessarily mean that
airlines ever abandoned their business travelers. Instead,
companies like Lufthansa and Swissair would right argue that
they have always catered best for the executive class passengers. But many airlines could be accused of concentrating
too heavily in the recent past on attracting passengers by
volume, often at the expense of the regular traveler. Too often, they have seemed geared for quantity rather than quality.
Operating a major airline is essentially a matter of finding the right mix of passengers. The airlines need to fill up the back end of their wide-bodied jets with low fare passengers, without forgetting that the front end should be filled with people who pay substantially more for their tickets.
It is no coincidence that the two major airline bankruptcies were among the companies specializing in cheap flights. But low fares require consistently full aircraft to make flights economically viable, and in the recent recession the volume of traffic has not grown. Equally the large number of airlines jostling for the available passengers has created a huge excess of capacity. The net result of excess capacity and cut-throat competition driving down fares had been to push some airlines into collapse and leave many others hovering on the brink.
Against this grim background, it is no surprise that airlines are turning increasingly towards the business travelers to improve their rates of return. They have invested much time and effort to establish exactly what the executive demands for sitting apart from the tourists.
High on the list of priorities is punctuality; an executive’s time is money. In-flight service is another area where the airlines are jostling for the executive’s attention. The free drinks and headsets and better food are all part of the lure.
Another development has been the accent of seating arrangements. Regular travelers have become well versed in the debate about seat pitch—the amount of room between each passenger. And first-class passengers are now offered sleeperette seats, which, for long journeys, make it possible to snatch a proper night’s sleep. Sleeperettes have proved so popular that they will soon become universal in the front end of most aircraft.
The airlines are also trying to improve things on the ground. Executive lounges are commonplace and intended to make the inevitable waiting between flights a little more bearable. Luggage handing is being improved. Regrettably, there is little the airlines can do to speed up the boring immigration and Customs process, which manages to upset and frustrate passengers of all classes in every continent.
Although it is the airlines’ intention to attract executive
passengers from their rivals, the airlines themselves would nonetheless like to change one bad habit of this kind of traveler—the expensive habit of booking a flight and then failing to turn up. The practice id particularly widespread in Europe, where businessmen frequently book return journeys home one on several flights.
11. According to the passage, in operating airlines it is essential to _____.
A. keep in mind the need of the executives only
B. satisfy the need of the low fare passengers at the expense
of the executives
C. try to attract as many passengers as possible by reducing
fares
D. cater to the need of passengers sitting at both ends of
the jets
12. The following are all mentioned as reasons why the airlines
are having a hard time EXCEPT that __________.
A. the tourist industry is experiencing an all-time low
B. there is no increase in the number of passengers
C. there are more seats on the planes than needed
D. the competition between airlines is strong
13. The improvements the airlines attempt at include all the
following EXCEPT ___________.
A. making their seats more comfortable
B. providing better food during flights
C. showing more movies during the long flights
D. offering sleeperettes to first-class passengers
14. There is not much the airlines can do when it comes to _________.
A. making sure the departures are not delayed
B. the efficient handing procedure
C. speeding up customs procedure
D. the improvement of the condition of waiting lounges
15. Which of the following is a bad habit of the executive
passengers that frustrates the airlines
A. They do not book their seats in advance.
B. They do not sit on the seats they are supposed to take.
C. They do not travel on the flight they have booked.
D. They do not pay in advance for the seats they book.
第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第16 ~ 25题，每题 1 分，共 10 分）
阅读下面短文。

请完成短文后的2项测试任务：（1）从第16 ~ 20题后所给的6个选项中为第① ~ ⑤段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）从第21 ~ 25题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

Intelligence: a Changed View
①Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entity, some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements. Its value therefore, was as a predictor of children’s future learning. If they differed markedly in their ability to learn complex tasks, then
it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of school and even different ability groups within school was obvious. Intelligence tests could be used for streaming children according to ability at an early age; and at 11 these tests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education.
②Today, we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.
③There are evidences that support the view that we have to distinguish between genetic intelligence and observed intelligence. Any deficiency in the appropriate genes will restrict development no matter how stimulating the environment. We cannot observe and measure innate intelligence, whereas we
can observe and measure the effects has been received from the environment. Researches have been investigating what happens in this interaction.
④Two major findings have emerged from these researches. Firstly, the greater part of the development of observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life. It is estimated that 50 per cent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of 4. Secondly, the most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child relationship. Much of the difference in measured intelligence between “privileged” and “disadvantaged” children may be due to the latter’s lack of a ppropriate verbal stimulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences.
⑤These research findings have led to a revision in our understanding of the nature of intelligence. Instead of it being some largely inherited fixed power of the mind, we now see it as a set of developed skills with which a person copes with any environment. These skills have to be learned and, indeed, one of them is learning how to learn.
16. Paragraph①_________
17. Paragraph②_________
18. Paragraph③_________
19. Paragraph④_________
20. Paragraph⑤_________
21. It was once believed _________, and thus we can tell how
successful he/she will be in the future according to his/her intelligence.
22. More recent researches has shown that intelligence is only
partly inherited __________.
23. We can observe and measure observed intelligence, but
genetic intelligence _________.
24. It can be inferred from the passage that a child will
________ if he has more opportunities to communicate with others by means of language.
25. Children were not just _______, but they can be taught to
be more intelligence at school.
第四部分：填句补文（第26 ~ 30题，每题 2 分，共 10 分）下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，
请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

Make a Good First Impression
Have you ever been in a doctor’s waiting room and looked around at all the glum faces waiting impatiently to be seen Dr. Stephen K. Sproul, a veterinarian in Raytown, Missouri, told of a typical spring day when his waiting room was full of clients waiting to have their pets inoculated. ___26____ He told one of our classes:
“There were six or seven clients waiting when a young woman came in with a nine-month-old baby and a kitten. ____27___ The next thing he knew, the baby just looked up at him with that great big smile that is so characteristic of babies. What did that gentleman do ___28_____ Soon he struck up a conversation with the woman about her baby and his grandchildren, and soon the entire reception room joined in, and the boredom and tension were converted into a pleasant and enjoyable experience.”The ancient Chinese were a wise lot—wise in the ways of the world; and they had a proverb that you and I ought to cut out and paste inside our hats. ____29____
Your smile is a messenger of your goodwill. ___30____To
someone who has seen a dozen people frown, scowl or turn their faces away, your smile is like the sun breaking through the clouds. Especially when that someone is under pressure from his bosses, his customers, his teachers or parents or children, a smile can help him realize that all is not hopeless—that there is joy in the world.
第五部分：填词补文（第31 ~ 40题，每题分，共 15 分）下面的短文有10处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中10个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

Promise
Last year my 9-year-old daughter was severely dehydrated from running a miles at school in 100°F weather. We took her to the emergency room and our nightmare started there. They began ___31___ her for leukemia. We went so many nights missing sleep, crying, worrying how we would ___32___ this. I found my outlet was running. And I made a promise to myself and my daughter that I would ___33___ a marathon for her if she’d just be strong very soon.
So when we got the clean bill of health seven months later, I found myself running every day thinking of her and how strong she is. I ___34___ myself in my first ever half marathon and never did I have doubts if I could do it. I trained from September to April and set a ___35___ of 3 hours to finish the
half marathon. And I did it in hours.
You may have doubt in yourself as I had in myself. The most ___36___ thing I did for myself was keep telling myself that I am doing this half marathon because I can. I can do it because my sick daughter became healthy again. She showed me strength and I knew I had to keep my ___37___ to show her how strong I am and to accomplish things that you think you can’t!
The half marathon was amazing. At mile ten when my hip was hurting badly, my daughter was on the side line. I ran over to her and gave her the biggest ___38___ I’ve ever given her and I took off running. I started crying because I remembered why I started running in the first place and I got so inspired to make her ___39___ at the finish line.
So now I have to accomplish a full marathon to really hold ___40___ to my promise … I’m aiming for February 2013! And I can’t wait!
第六部分:完形填空(第41 ~ 50题,每题分,共15分)
下面的短文有10处空白，处空白后的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中，以恢复文中原貌。

The Family
The structure of a family takes different forms around the world and even in the same society. The family’s form changes as it adapts to ___41___ (change) society and economic influences. Until recently, the most common form in North America was the nuclear family, ___42___ (consist) of a married couple with their minor children. The nuclear family is an ___43___ (depend) unit. It must be prepared to fend for itself. Individual family members ___44___ (strong) depend on one another. There is little help from outside the family in emergencies. Elderly ___45___ (relative) of a nuclear family are cared for only if it is possible for the family to do so. In North America, the ___46___ (elder) often do not live with
the family; they live in ___47___ (retire) communities and nursing homes.
There are many parallels between the nuclear family in ___48___ (industry) societies, such as North America, and of families in societies such as that of the Inuits, who live in harsh environments. The nuclear family structure is well ___49___ (adapt) to a lift of mobility. In harsh conditions, mobility allows the family to hunt for food. For North Americans, the hunt for jobs and ___50___ (improve) social status also requires mobility.
第七部分：短文写作（第51题，30分）
51.请根据下列材料写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

Recently, a few people in China have been confirmed to be infected with the H7N9 bird flu virus. The health authority has taken some measures to control the situation. Can you give some suggestions to keep yourself from being infected
参考答案
1-5 BABBA 6-10 ABACB 11-15 DCCCC 16-20 DCBAF
21-25 DFCBA 26-30 DBCAE 31-35 KIDCA 36-40 JEBGF
41. changing
45. relatives 47. retirement 48. Industrial
49. adapted 50. improved。