高中英语第十一讲 状语从句
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
一个星期五，我们正在收拾行李准备去度周末，这时 我女儿听到求救的呼喊。
He had just finished his homework when his mother asked him to play the piano.
他刚完成作业母亲就让他弹钢琴。
注意 when 还可表原因，意为“既然”。
卡车对这座房子造成了严重的损坏。我们最好保持原 样直到警察到来。
He acted as if nothing had happened. 他表现得好像什么也没发生。 2．原因状语从句通常由because, since, as, now that, seeing(that)，considering that 等引导。 —Mum, could I go out to play now? —Let me see...Yes, since you have finished all your school assignments. ——妈妈，现在我可以出去玩吗？
专题十三 状语从句 考点解读01 方法提示02
考点解读 01
时间状语从句
1．when 引导时间状语从句，意为“正在这时”，表 示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作：
be about to do...when... be doing...when... be on the point of doing...when... had just done...when...
Unless children believe they can succeed, they will never become totally independent.
除非孩子们相信他们能够成功，否则他们将永远无法 完全独立。
Once they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures.
只要不离河岸太远你才能去游泳。 Supposing an earthquake happens, what should we do? 假设地震发生，我们该怎么办？
让步状语从句
1．让步状语从句可由although, though, as, while, even if(though), wh-ever, whether...or..., no matter who(when, what...)等引导。
学生一旦决定上哪所大学，他们就应该了解一下入学 手续。
2．由on condition(that); provided(that); providing (that); supposing(that)等引导的条件状语从句。
You can go swimming on condition that you don't go too far from the river bank.
方法提示 02
牢记几组固定句型 1．It will be＋一段时间＋before... 多久之后才…… 2．It is＋一段时间＋since... 自从……以来已有多长时 间。 3．It was＋具体时间＋when...当……是什么时间。 如： It will be two days before he returns. 两天后他才会回来。
地点状语从句
1．通常由连词where 和wherever 引导，从句可位于 主句之前，也可位于主句之后。
The little girl who got lost decided to remain where she was and wait for her mother.
这个迷路的小女孩决定待在原地等她妈妈。
Although regular exercise is very important, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.
尽管有规律的锻炼是很重要的，但是在临近就寝的时 候进行锻炼绝不是一个好主意。
However serious a problem you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.
——让我想想，是的，既然你已经把所有的学习任务 完成了。
Now that you have grown up, you must do it by yourself.
既然你已经长大了，就必须自己做这件事。 Considering that I have told you three times, you must know it. 鉴于我已经告诉你三次了，你必须知道它。
Today, we will begin where we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.
今天我们将在昨天停止的地方开始，为的是不漏掉知 识点。
2．地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。 Where there's a will, there's a way. 有志者事竞成。 Where(ver) there's plenty of sun and rain, the fields are green. 哪里阳光雨水充足，哪里的田野就绿油油。
＝When solving the problem a second time，you'd better be more careful in the place where you made a mistake.
当你第二次解决这个问题的时候，你要在出过差错的 地方更加小心。
条件状语从句
1．通常由if, unless, as(so) long as, in case (that), once 等连词引导。
注意 while 也可以用来表对比转折，意为“而，却”。
At school, some students are active while some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.
在学校，有的学生很活跃而有的很腼腆，但他们能成 为好朋友。
3．before (1)表示“还未……就……；不到……就……；…… 才……；趁……；还没来得及……就……”。 The girl had hardly rung the bell before the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her. 小女孩还没来得及按门铃，门就突然开了，并且她的 朋友冲出来问候她。 Please write it down before you forget it. 趁你现在没忘把它记下来。
3．where 引导的状语从句和定语从句的区别： where 引导地点状语从句直接修饰动词，而在定语从 句中where 作为关系副词要跟在表示地点的先行词后面。 When solving the problem a second time, you'd better be more careful where you made a mistake.
4．be about to do...when...; be doing...when...; had done...when...；on the point of doing...when... 正要做…… 就在这时…… 如：
方式状语从句和原因状语从句
1．方式状语从句用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式， 常由as “像……一样”，as if (though)“似乎，好像”等 引导
The house was greatly damaged by the truck. We'd better leave things as they are until the police arrive.
Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird.
汤姆正要关窗户，这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住 了。
On Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help.
It is three years since I came here. 自从我来这里已经三年了。 It was evening when my mother came home. 母亲回来时已经是晚上了。 对比与强调结构的区别。It is/was＋时间状语(介词＋ 时间)＋that... It was in the evening that my mother came home.(强调 in the evening这一时间状语)
He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.
＝No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.
他刚完成演讲学生们就开始欢呼起来。
Persistence produces miracles!
坚持铸就奇迹！
How can I help them to understand when they won't listen to me?
既然他们不听我说，我怎么帮他们理解？ 2．as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner...than..., hardly/scarcely...when...和once(一……就……) 这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生， 主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一……就……”。从句 中用一般时态代替将来时态。
(2)It will be＋一段时间＋before... “多久之后 才……”。
It is＋一段时间＋since... “自从……多久了”。 John thinks it won't be long before he is ready for his new job. 约翰认为他不久就会为新工作做好准备了。
2．while 作“尽管”讲，引导让步状语从句时，往往 放在句首。
While the Internet is of great help, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time on it.
尽管因特网对我们有很大的帮助，但我认为花太多的 时间上网也不是一个好主意。
不论你的问题有多严重wk.baidu.com你都应该鼓起勇气，接受挑 战。
The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, even if they have the interest.
工程师们很忙，即使他们对户外活动感兴趣，他们也 没有时间。
The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming.
我一听到那个声音就知道父亲来了。
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.
那男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭。
注意 no sooner...than...， hardly/scarcely...when...的时态搭 配：no sooner 与 hardly/scarcely 后的句子谓语动词应用过 去完成时，而 than 与 when 引导的句子谓语动词应用一般 过去时。此外，当把 no sooner 和 hardly/scarcely 提到句首 时，应用倒装语序。
He had just finished his homework when his mother asked him to play the piano.
他刚完成作业母亲就让他弹钢琴。
注意 when 还可表原因，意为“既然”。
卡车对这座房子造成了严重的损坏。我们最好保持原 样直到警察到来。
He acted as if nothing had happened. 他表现得好像什么也没发生。 2．原因状语从句通常由because, since, as, now that, seeing(that)，considering that 等引导。 —Mum, could I go out to play now? —Let me see...Yes, since you have finished all your school assignments. ——妈妈，现在我可以出去玩吗？
专题十三 状语从句 考点解读01 方法提示02
考点解读 01
时间状语从句
1．when 引导时间状语从句，意为“正在这时”，表 示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作：
be about to do...when... be doing...when... be on the point of doing...when... had just done...when...
Unless children believe they can succeed, they will never become totally independent.
除非孩子们相信他们能够成功，否则他们将永远无法 完全独立。
Once they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures.
只要不离河岸太远你才能去游泳。 Supposing an earthquake happens, what should we do? 假设地震发生，我们该怎么办？
让步状语从句
1．让步状语从句可由although, though, as, while, even if(though), wh-ever, whether...or..., no matter who(when, what...)等引导。
学生一旦决定上哪所大学，他们就应该了解一下入学 手续。
2．由on condition(that); provided(that); providing (that); supposing(that)等引导的条件状语从句。
You can go swimming on condition that you don't go too far from the river bank.
方法提示 02
牢记几组固定句型 1．It will be＋一段时间＋before... 多久之后才…… 2．It is＋一段时间＋since... 自从……以来已有多长时 间。 3．It was＋具体时间＋when...当……是什么时间。 如： It will be two days before he returns. 两天后他才会回来。
地点状语从句
1．通常由连词where 和wherever 引导，从句可位于 主句之前，也可位于主句之后。
The little girl who got lost decided to remain where she was and wait for her mother.
这个迷路的小女孩决定待在原地等她妈妈。
Although regular exercise is very important, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.
尽管有规律的锻炼是很重要的，但是在临近就寝的时 候进行锻炼绝不是一个好主意。
However serious a problem you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.
——让我想想，是的，既然你已经把所有的学习任务 完成了。
Now that you have grown up, you must do it by yourself.
既然你已经长大了，就必须自己做这件事。 Considering that I have told you three times, you must know it. 鉴于我已经告诉你三次了，你必须知道它。
Today, we will begin where we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.
今天我们将在昨天停止的地方开始，为的是不漏掉知 识点。
2．地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。 Where there's a will, there's a way. 有志者事竞成。 Where(ver) there's plenty of sun and rain, the fields are green. 哪里阳光雨水充足，哪里的田野就绿油油。
＝When solving the problem a second time，you'd better be more careful in the place where you made a mistake.
当你第二次解决这个问题的时候，你要在出过差错的 地方更加小心。
条件状语从句
1．通常由if, unless, as(so) long as, in case (that), once 等连词引导。
注意 while 也可以用来表对比转折，意为“而，却”。
At school, some students are active while some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.
在学校，有的学生很活跃而有的很腼腆，但他们能成 为好朋友。
3．before (1)表示“还未……就……；不到……就……；…… 才……；趁……；还没来得及……就……”。 The girl had hardly rung the bell before the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her. 小女孩还没来得及按门铃，门就突然开了，并且她的 朋友冲出来问候她。 Please write it down before you forget it. 趁你现在没忘把它记下来。
3．where 引导的状语从句和定语从句的区别： where 引导地点状语从句直接修饰动词，而在定语从 句中where 作为关系副词要跟在表示地点的先行词后面。 When solving the problem a second time, you'd better be more careful where you made a mistake.
4．be about to do...when...; be doing...when...; had done...when...；on the point of doing...when... 正要做…… 就在这时…… 如：
方式状语从句和原因状语从句
1．方式状语从句用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式， 常由as “像……一样”，as if (though)“似乎，好像”等 引导
The house was greatly damaged by the truck. We'd better leave things as they are until the police arrive.
Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird.
汤姆正要关窗户，这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住 了。
On Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help.
It is three years since I came here. 自从我来这里已经三年了。 It was evening when my mother came home. 母亲回来时已经是晚上了。 对比与强调结构的区别。It is/was＋时间状语(介词＋ 时间)＋that... It was in the evening that my mother came home.(强调 in the evening这一时间状语)
He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.
＝No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.
他刚完成演讲学生们就开始欢呼起来。
Persistence produces miracles!
坚持铸就奇迹！
How can I help them to understand when they won't listen to me?
既然他们不听我说，我怎么帮他们理解？ 2．as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner...than..., hardly/scarcely...when...和once(一……就……) 这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生， 主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一……就……”。从句 中用一般时态代替将来时态。
(2)It will be＋一段时间＋before... “多久之后 才……”。
It is＋一段时间＋since... “自从……多久了”。 John thinks it won't be long before he is ready for his new job. 约翰认为他不久就会为新工作做好准备了。
2．while 作“尽管”讲，引导让步状语从句时，往往 放在句首。
While the Internet is of great help, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time on it.
尽管因特网对我们有很大的帮助，但我认为花太多的 时间上网也不是一个好主意。
不论你的问题有多严重wk.baidu.com你都应该鼓起勇气，接受挑 战。
The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, even if they have the interest.
工程师们很忙，即使他们对户外活动感兴趣，他们也 没有时间。
The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming.
我一听到那个声音就知道父亲来了。
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.
那男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭。
注意 no sooner...than...， hardly/scarcely...when...的时态搭 配：no sooner 与 hardly/scarcely 后的句子谓语动词应用过 去完成时，而 than 与 when 引导的句子谓语动词应用一般 过去时。此外，当把 no sooner 和 hardly/scarcely 提到句首 时，应用倒装语序。