2017年12月第一套题
2017年12月大学英语三级(A级)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2017年12月大学英语三级（A级）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Listening Comprehension 2. Structure 3. Reading Comprehension 4. Translation-English into Chinese 5. WritingPart I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Directions：This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 4 sections.Section ADirections: This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues．There are 5 recorded dialogues in it．After each dialogue．there is a recorded question．Both the dialogues and questions will be spoken only once．When you hear a questi听力原文：M: Susan, do you know how long it takes to apply for a visa for China? W: 5 to 7 work days, I’ m afraid. Q: What are the two people talking about?1．A．Applying for a visa.B．Making a reservation.C．Checking out in the airport.D．Filling in an application form.正确答案：A解析：细节题。
题干问两人在谈论什么事，通过对话内容可知，两人在谈论申请中国签证所需要的时间。
英语三级(A)考试试题2017年12月[真题]
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英语三级（A）考试试题2017年12月[真题]Part ⅠListening Comprehension Section A Directions: This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a recorded question. Both the dialogues and questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked [A]、[B]、[C] and [D] given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.第1题：A.Applying for a visa.B.Making a reservation.C.Checking out in the airport.D.Filling in an application form.参考答案：A 答案解析：[听力原文] M: Susan, do you know how long it takes to apply for a visa for China? W: 5 to 7 work days, I´m afraid. Q: What are the two people talking about? 题干问两人在谈论什么事。
2017年12月英语四级考试真题第一套附答案
WritingDirections:For this part,you are allowed30 minutes to write a short essayon how to best handle the relationship parents and children.You should write at least 120words but no more than 180words2017年12月四级卷一答案（郑家顺）卷一作文Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how to best handle the relationship between parents and children. You should write at least 120 wordsbut no more than 180 words.范文参见：（郑家顺）大学英语四级模拟9How to best handle the relationship between parents and children?Nowadays there is often a lack of understanding between parent and child. Parents cannot accept such behaviors of their children as having hair colored, wearing erratic dresses and being crazy for super stars. Likewise, many children feel frustrated in their parents’ misunderstanding, and they express their longing for the support of their parents by the song “Long Li ve Understanding”.The most obvious reason for this situation is that they grew up at different times and therefore have different likes and dislikes for the things around them. Consequently, parents think their children are unreasonable and self-centered, while children feel their parents are hopelessly old fashioned. Both of them take it for granted that there is a “generation gap”.How to solve such serious problems? To begin with, parents should adapt some strategic changes in children education. They should consciously develop their children’s capabilities to think on their own. In addition, children should cope with the difficulties they encounter independently and may also sear ch for parents’ necessary guide only at critical moments.To bridge this gap, both parent and child should make an effort. The elder should be more accessible to new things and the younger should defer to the advisable proposals from parents.听力答案Section A1. D) Her little brother.2. B) By selling lemonade and pictures.3. B) Providing clean energy to five million people.4. C) They can be laid right on top of existing highways.5. C) Endless fighting in the region.6. D) To find evidence of the existence of the "lost lions".7. A) Lions' tracks.Section B8. D) Her 'lucky birthday'.9. A) Threw her a surprise party.10. C) The trip her husband has planned.11. B) He is eager to learn how the couple's holiday turns out.12. D) They are sensitive to the dynamics of a negotiation.13. A) They know when to stop.14. C) They learn quickly.15. C) Get to know the other side.Section C16. A) How space research benefits people on Earth.17. C) They developed objects for astronauts to use in outer space.18. B) They are extremely accurate.19. C)It marked the beginning of something new.20. D)They believed working for goals.21. B)Doing needlework by the fire.22. A) Sit down and try to calm yourself23. C) You may expose yourself to unexpected dangers.24. A) Walk uphill.25. D) Inform somebody of your plan.阅读答案Section A 选词填空26. [K] superior27. [D] nuisance28. [M] tip29. [O] visual30. [A] associated31. [F] preventing32. [H] sensitive33. [I] slight34. [C] indicate35. [J] specifySection B 段落信息匹配36. [I] Elderly students find it hard to keep up with the rapid changes in education.37. [E] Some believe take-home exams may affect students' performances in others courses.38. [C] Certain professors believe in-class exams are ultimately more helpful to students39. [D] In-class exams are believed to discourage cheating in exams.40. [B] The author was happy to learn she could do some exams at home.41. [H] Students who put off their work until the last moment often find the exams more difficult than they actually are.42. [G] Different students may prefer different types of exams.43. [F] Most professors agree whether to give an in-class or a take-home exam depends on the type of course being taught.44. [A] The author dropped out of college some forty years ago.45. [J] Some students think take-home exams will eat up their free time.Section C 仔细阅读Passage one46. D) In what way it can be beneficial.47. C) She got some idea from previous studies on birds and dolphins.48. A) She monitored the brain activity of participants sleeping in a new environment.49. C) She exposed her participants to two different stimuli.50. B) They tended to perceive irregular beeps as a threat.Passage two51. D) They tend to push themselves beyond the limits of their ability.52. A) They struggle to satisfy the demands of both work and done.53. A) Their unwillingness to say "no".54. D) women are much more ready to compromise.55. B) The ability to delegate.翻译范文翻译卷一：泰山位于山东省西部。
2017年12月英语六级真题答案及解析(卷一)
2017年12月大学英语六级考试真题答案与详解（第1套）Part I Writing审题思路：这是一篇语句点评类作文，话题respect（尊重）是考生日常生活中非常熟悉的话题，因此写起来并不难。
题目要求针对引言“尊重他人，你也会受到尊重”给出自己的论点和论据。
考生写作时首先需要解释引言，之后将写作重点放在阐述尊重他人的重要性上。
众所周知，每个人都希望被尊重，而尊重他人会给他人以信心，也有益于培养人际关系。
此外，尊重他人也体现了一个人的高素质。
高分范文：On RespectAs human beings,we all crave the respect of others,which is coded into our DNA.If you show your respect for others, you are more likely to gain their respect.Just as the saying goes,“Respect others,and you will be respected”.It indicates the great significance of respecting others in our daily life.First and foremost,respecting others gives them confidence and encouragement,especially those who are not as good as you.Your respect can help them become upbeat and active,and even enhance their self-assurance.In addition,polite words help improve your interpersonal relationships to a large extent.As mentioned above,if your respect proves to be effective,people will show their respect for you,too,and it will benefit your social st but not least,respecting others is a symbol of high quality,which shows one’s good upbringing.Taking what has been discussed into consideration,it’s indisputable that all people are fond of being respected.It is so important for us to show our respect for others.Only in this way,can we earn the respect of others.全文翻译：作为人类，我们每个人都渴望得到他人的尊重,这是由我们的基因决定的。
英语四级真题2017年12月(第一套)试卷及答案解析
2017年12月四级考试真题（第一套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)D1rect10ns: 凡r this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how to best handle the relationship between parents and children. You should write at least 120 words but no叩re than 180 words.Part II Listening ComprehensionSection A．Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report you willhear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A) , B) , C) and D) . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet Iwith a single line through the centre.Questions I and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard..It tnes to entertain its audience.1A) B)It tries to look into the distance.(25 minutes)C)It has got one of its limbs injured.D)It wants to catch people's attention.2.A) Its picture won a photography prize.B)Its videos were posted on social media.C)It was filmed by a local television reporter.D)It was spotted by animal protection officials.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A) The spending on gas.B)The distance travelled.C)The incidence of road accidents.D)The number of people travelling.4.A) Gas consumption is soaring.C)Fewer people are commuting.B)Job growth is slowing down.D)Rush-hour traffic is worsening.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A) He told a stranger the sad story about himself.B)He went up to a stranger and pulled at his sleeves.C)He helped a stranger to carry groceries to his car.D)He washed a stranger's car in return for some food.6.A) He ordered a lot of food for his family.B)He gave him a job at his own company.C)He offered him a scholarship for college.D)He raised a large sum of money for him.7.A) He is an excellent student at school.C)He is very good at making up stories.B)He has been disabled since boyhood.D)He works hard to support his family.Section B．Directions: In讥is section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, youmust choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B) ,C) and D) . Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A) Had a drink at Queen Victoria.B)Had dinner at a new restaurant.C)Attended an econormcs lecture.D)Taken a walk on Charles Street.9.A) Visit some of his high school friends.B)Attend his brother's birthday party.C)Make preparations for a seminar.D)Treat a college friend to dinner.10.A) Join him in his brother's birthday celebration.B)Meet with Jonathan's friends on the weekend.C)Throw a surprise birthday party.D)Gather statistics for his lecture.11.A) By car.C)By taxi.B)By bus.D)By train.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) Taking a vacation abroad.B)Reviewing for his last exam.C)Finding a better way to earrn money.D)Saving enough money for a rainy day13.A) Preparing for his final exams.B)Working part time as a waiter.C)Helping the woman with her courses.D)Negotiating with his boss for a raise.14.A) Save enough money.C)Learn a little bit of Spanish.15.A) He speaks Spanish fluently.C)He is also eager to go to Spain. Section C B)Finish her term paper.D)Ask her parents'pem邯sion.B)He is easy to get along with.D)He has rich sailing experience.Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage ,you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) . Then mark the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) She was also a Nobel Prize winner.B)She won the Nobel Prize two times.C)She worked as a nurse in the First World War.D)She went to the same university as her mother.17.A) She helped to set up several military hospitals.B)She made donations to save wounded soldiers.C)She fought bravely in a series of military operations.D)She developed X-ray facilities for military hospitals.18.A) Both won military medals.B)Both died of blood cancer.C)Both fought in World War I .D)Both married their assistants.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) They settled on a small island north of England.B)They discovered Iceland in the ninth century.C)They were the conquerors of Norway.D)They were the first settlers in Europe.20.A) It was covered with green most time of the year.B)It was the Vikings'most important discovery.C)It was a rocky mass of land covered with ice.D)It was some five hundred miles west of Norway.21.A) The Vikings'everyday life.B)The Vikings'ocean explorations.C)The making of European nations.D)The Europeans'Arctic discoveries.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A) Dream about the future.B)Save against a r扣ny day.C)Work hard for a better life.23.A) Dwell on the dreams he had dreamed when young.B)Exchange his two-story house for a beach cottage.C)Change what he has for his past imaginary world.D)Teach foreign languages for the rest of his life.24.A) Criminal law.C)lntematlonal busmess.25.A) Take things easy in life.C)Enjoy whatever you are doing.D)Make mistakes now and then.B)City planning.D)Oriental architecture.B)Dream and make plans.D)Be content with what you have.Part ID Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank f rom a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter: Please mark the corresponding letter for eachitem on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bankmore than once.A rat or pigeon might not be the obvious choice to tend to someone who is sick, but these creatures have some26 skills that could help the treatment of human diseases.Pigeons are often seen as dirty birds and an urban 27 , but they are just the latest in a long line of animals that have been found to have abilities to help humans. Despite having as brain no bigger than the 28 of your index finger, pigeons have a very impressive 29 memory. Recently it was shown that they could be trained to be as accurate as humans at detecting breast cancer in images.Rats are often 30 with spreading disease rather than 31 it, but this long-tailed画mal is highly 32 —. Inside a rat's nose are up to 1 ,000 different types of olfactoryreceptors (嗅觉感受器），whereas humans only have 100 to 200 types. This gives rats the ability to detect 33 smells. As a result, some rats are being put to work to detect TB (肺结核）. When the rats detect the smell, they stop and rub their legs to 34 a sample is infected.Traditionally, a hundred samples would take lab technicians more than two days to 35 , but for a rat it takes less than 20 minutes. This rat detection method doesn't rely on specialist equipment. It is also more accurate—the rats are able to find more TB infections and, therefore, save more lives.Section B A)associatedD)nuisanceG)prohibitingJ)speci fyM)tipB)examineE)peakH)sensitiveK)superiorN)treatedC)indicateF)preventingI)slightL)suspiciousO)visualDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains 叫ormation given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived Youmay choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions bymarking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Do In-Class Exams Make Students Study Harder?Research suggests they may study more broadly for the unexpected rather than search for answers.A)I have always been a poor test-taker. So it may seem rather strange that I have returned to college to finish thedegree I left undone some four decades ago. I am making my way through Columbia University, surrounded by students who quickly supply the verbal answer while I am still processing the question.B)Since there is no way for me to avoid exams ,I am currently questioning what kind are the most taxing and ultimately beneficial. I have already sweated through numerous in-class midterms and finals, and now I have a professor who issues take-home ones. I was excited when I learned this, figuring I had a full week to do the research, read the texts, and write it all up. In fact, I was still rewriting my midterm the morning it was due. Tosay I had lost the thread is putting it mildly.C)As I was suffering through my week of anxiety, overthinking the material and guessing my grasp of it, I didsome of my own polling among students and professors. David Eisenbach, who teaches a popular class on U.S.presidents at Columbia, prefers the in-class variety. He believes students ultimately learn more and encourages them to form study groups. "That way they socialize over history outside the class, which wouldn't happen without the pressure of an in-class exam," he explained. "Furthermore, in-class exams force students to learn how to perform under pressure , an essential work skill. "D)He also says there is less chance of cheating with the in-class variety. In 2012, 125 students at Harvard werecaught up in a scandal when it was discovered they had cheated on a take-home exam for a class entitled "Introduction To Congress. "Some colleges have what they call an "honor code," though if you are smart enough to get into these schools, you are either smart enough to get around any codes or hopefully, too ethical to consider doing so. As I sat blocked and clueless for two solid days, I momentarily wondered if I couldn't just call an expert on the subject matter which I was tackling, or someone who took the class previously, to get me go m g.E)Following the Harvard scandal, Mary Miller, the former dean of students at Yale, made an impassioned appealto her school's professors to refrain from take-home exams. "Students risk health and well being, as well as performance in other end-of-term work, when faculty offers take-home exams without clear, time-limited boundaries," she told me. "Research now shows that regular quizzes, short essays, and other assignments over the course of a term better enhance learning and retention. "F)Most college professors agree the kind of exam they choose largely depends on the subject. A quantitative-basedone, for example, is unlikely to be sent home, where one could ask their older brothers and sisters to help.Vocational-type classes, such as computer science or journalism, on the other hand, are often more researchoriented and lend themselves to take-home testing. Chris Koch, who teaches "History of Broadcast Journalism"at Montgomery Community College in Rockville, Maryland, points out that reporting is about investigation rather than the memorization of minute details. "In my field, it's not what you know—it's what you know how to find out, "says Koch. "There is way too much information, and more coming all the time, for anyone to remember.I want my students to search out the answers to questions by using all the resources available to them. "G)Students'test-form preferences vary, too, often depending on the subject and course difficulty. "I prefer takehome essays because it is then really about the writing, so you have time to edit and do more research, "says Elizabeth Dresser, a junior at Barnard. Then there is the stress factor. Francesca Haass, a senior at Middlebury, says, "I find the in-class ones are more stressful in the short term, but there is immediate relief as you swallow information like mad, and then you get to forget it all. Take-homes require thoughtful engagement which can lead to longer term stress as there is never a moment when the time is up. "Meanwhile, Olivia Rubin, a sophomore at Emory, says she hardly even considers take-homes true exams. "If you understand the material and have the ability to articulate (说出）your thoughts, they should be a breeze. "H)How students ultimately handle tests may depend on their personal test-taking abilities. There are people whoalways wait until the last minute, and make it much harder than it needs to be. And then there are those who, not knowing what questions are coming at them , and having no resources to refer to , can freeze. And then there are we rare folks who fit both those descriptions.I)Yes , my advanced age must factor into the equation (等式），in part because of my inability to access the information as quickly. As another returning student at Columbia, Kate Marber, told me, "We are learning not only all this information, but essentially how to learn again. Our fellow students have just come out of high school. A lot has changed since we were last in school. "J)If nothing else, the situation has given my college son and me something to share. When I asked his opinion on this matter, he responded, "I like in-class exams because the time is already reserved, as opposed to using my free time at home to work on a test, " he responded. It seems to me that a compromise would be receiving the exam questions a day or two in advance, and then doing the actual test in class with the ticking clock overhead. K)Better yet, how about what one Hunter College professor reportedly did recently for her final exam: She encouraged the class not to stress or even study, promising that, "It is going to be a piece of cake. " When the students came in, sharpened pencils in hand, there was not a blue book in sight. Rather, they saw a large chocolate cake and they each were given a slice.36.Elderly students find it hard to keep up with the rapid changes in education.37.Some believe take-home exams may affect students'performance in other courses.38.Certain professors believe in-class exams are ultimately more helpful to students.39.In-class exams are believed to discourage cheating in exams.40.The author was happy to learn she could do some exams at home.41.Students who put off their work until the last moment often find the exams more difficult than they actually are.42.Different students may prefer different types of exams.43.Most professors agree whether to give an in-class or a take-home exam depends on the type of course beingtaught.44.The author dropped out of college some forty years ago.45.Some students think take-home exams will eat up their free time.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A) ,B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice andmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings is a phenomenon known as the "fast-night" effect. If a person stays in the same room the following night they tend to sleep more soundly. Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown University set out to investigate the origins of this effect.Dr. Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved. The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it when performance might be affected the following day. She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these画mals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators (捕食者）. This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing. To take a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar envirorunent of the university's Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity of their brains. Dr. Sasaki found ,as expected ,the participants slept less well on their first night than they did on their second ,taking more than twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping less overall. During deep sleep, the participants'brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins. On the first night only, the left hemispheres (半球）of their brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres did.Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information detected in the surrounding envirorunent, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularlytimed beeps (峰鸣声）of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that , if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found.46. W hat did researchers find puzzling about the first-night effect?A) To what extent it can trouble people.B) What role it has played in evolution.C) What circumstances may trigger it.D) In what way it can be beneficial.47. W hat do we learn about Dr. Yuka Sasaki doing her research?A)She found birds and dolphins remain alert while asleep.B)She found birds and dolphins sleep in much the same way.C)She got some idea from previous studies on birds and dolphins.D)She conducted studies on birds'and dolphins'sleeping patterns.48. W hat did Dr. Sasaki do when she first did her experiment?A)She monitored the brain activity of participants sleeping in a new envirorunent.B)She recruited 35 participants from her Department of Psychological Sciences.C)She studied the differences between the two sides of participants'brains.D)She tested her findings about birds and dolphins on human subjects.49. W hat did Dr. Sasaki do when re-running her experiment?A)She analyzed the negative effect of irregular tones on brains.B)She recorded participants'adaptation to changed environment.C)She exposed her participants to two different stimuli.D)She compared the responses of different participants.50. W hat did Dr. Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment?A)They tended to enjoy certain tones more than others.B) They tended to perceive irregular beeps as a threat.C) They felt sleepy when exposed to regular beeps.D)They differed in their tolerance of irregular tones.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.It's time to reevaluate how women handle conflict at work. Being overworked or over-committed at home and on the job will not get you where you want to be in life. It will only slow you down and hinder your career goals.Did you know women are more likely than men to feel exhausted? Nearly twice as many women than men ages 18-44 reported feeling "very tired" or "exhausted", according to a recent study.This may not be surprising given that this is the age range when women have children. It's also the age range when many women are trying to balance careers and home. One reason women may feel exhausted is that they have a hard time saying "no." Women want to be able to do it all—volunteer for school parties or cook delicious meals— and so their answer to any request is often "Yes, I can. "Women struggle to say " n o" in the workplace for similar reasons ,including the desire to be liked by their colleagues. Unfortunately, this inability to say "no" may be hurting women's health as well as their career.At the workplace, men use conflict as a way to position themselves, while women often avoid conflict or strive to be the peacemaker, because they don't want to be viewed as aggressive or disruptive at work. For example,there's a problem that needs to be addressed immediately, resulting in a dispute over who should be the one to fix it. Men are more likely to face that dispute from the perspective of what benefits them most, whereas women may approach the same dispute from the perspective of what's the easiest and quickest way to resolve the problem—even if that means doing the boring work themselves.This difference in handling conflict could be the deciding factor on who gets promoted to a leadership position and who does not. Leaders have to be able to delegate and manage resources wisely—including staff expertise. Shouldering more of the workload may not earn you that promotion. Instead, it may highlight your inability to delegate effectively.51.What does the author say is the problem with women?A)They are often unclear about the career goals to reach.B) They are usually more committed at home than on the job.C) They tend to be over-optimistic about how far they could go.D) They tend to push themselves beyond the limits of their ability.52. Why do working women of child-bearing age tend to feel drained of energy?A)They struggle to satisfy the demands of both work and home.B)They are too devoted to work and unable to relax as a result.C) They do their best to cooperate with their workmates.D)They are obliged to take up too many responsibilities.53.What may hinder the future prospects of career women?A)Their unwillingness to say "no".B)Their desire to be considered powerful.C) An underestimate of their own ability.D)A lack of courage to face challenges.54. Men and women differ in their approach to resolving workplace conflicts in that.A) women tend to be easily satisfiedB) men are generally more persuasiveC) men tend to put their personal interests firstD) Women are much more ready to compromise55.What is important to a good leader?A) A dominant personality. B) The ability to delegate.C) The courage to admit failure.D) A strong sense of responsibility.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions : 的r this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.泰山位于山东省西部。
2017年12月第一套四级真题作文范文
2017年12月第一套四级真题作文范文全文共5篇示例，供读者参考suppose your university newspaper is inviting submissions from students for its coming edition on a campus event that has impressed them most.last saturday, our student union organized the annuai campus sports games, which lasted throughout the weekend. this activity left an unforgettable impression on me. lt was a huge success because not only did it spark students' enthusiasm for sports activities, but it also proved our university's openness and care for students' needs.the games started at 9 a. with a short speech de livered by the principal of our university, who emphasized the im- portance of sports in building a healthy and balanced life-style. then, various sports event were held including track and field, basketball, swimming, and even chess, catering to a wide range of interests and abilities. the highlight for me was th e relay race, which saw an incredible display of teamwork a nd determination. additionally, many students, me included, were impressed with the good organization of the events, the exciting cheers and medai awarding ceremony held on the sunday evening.ln all, it was clear that these events had achieved more than just physical engagement. they fostered a sense of community, encouraged healthy competition, and allowed students from different backgrounds to connect and engage.上周六我们学生会组织了一年一度的校园运动会，运动会持续了整个周末。
理综卷·2017届湖北省高三12月联考
2017届高三第一次联考理综试题注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A方框涂黑。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
答在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。
3．填空题和解答题作答：用黑色墨水签字笔将答案直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
答在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。
4．选考题的作答：先把所选题目的题号在答题卡上指定的位置用2B铅笔涂黑。
考生应根据自己选做的题目准确填涂题号，不得多选。
答题答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，答在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。
可能用到的相对原子质量：H—1 B—11 N—14 O—16 Na—23 Al—27 P—31 Cl—35.5 Fe—56 Ni—59 Cu—64第Ⅰ卷（选择题共126分）一、单项选择题：本题共13小题，每小题6分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.下列叙述错误．．的是A.一个核糖体只能结合两个tRNA分子B.圆褐固氮菌通过内质网合成磷脂C.酵母菌的细胞核中可以合成rRNA和DNAD.HIV、SARS病毒都只含有RNA一类核酸2.下列关于物质跨膜运输的叙述，正确的是A.细胞吸收甘油、脂肪酸可促进水分渗出B.膜蛋白减少不影响无机盐离子的吸收速率C.缺氧不影响细胞的胞吞和胞吐的速率D.神经纤维兴奋时，Na+流入细胞不消耗ATP3.下列关于人类遗传和变异的叙述，正确的是A.原癌基因和抑癌基因都可以传递给子代B.Y染色体基因遗传病具有交叉遗传的特点C.染色体数目变异不影响群体的基因频率D.母亲的线粒体突变基因只传递给女儿4.关于细胞生命历程的叙述，正确的是A.人的成熟红细胞没有细胞核，凋亡速率比吞噬细胞快B.成年人体内细胞的自然更新是通过细胞凋亡完成的C.肌细胞中只有与肌动蛋白合成有关的基因处于活动状态D.原始海洋中，真核细胞的出现标志着生物进化的开始5.下图表示细胞间信息交流的一种方式，能以此方式进行信息交流的一组细胞是A.反射弧中相邻的神经元B.甲状腺细胞与下丘脑细胞C.效应T细胞与靶细胞D.根尖成熟区相邻的细胞6. 关于一个叶肉细胞中的叶绿体和线粒体，下列叙述正确的是A. O2产生于叶绿体内膜，可以消耗于线粒体内膜第5题图B.细胞质基质产生酒精时，细胞中的CO2全部被叶绿体同化C.线粒体产生ATP的部位是内膜和基质，叶绿体的是类囊体D.两种细胞器分解水产生的[H]全部用于水的合成7．化学与人类的生活息息相关，下列有关说法正确的是A．因铝表面能形成致密的氧化膜，所以铝制餐具可以长期使用B．因废弃物易污染环境，腈纶不宜大量取代棉、麻等天然材料C．SiO2用途广泛，因其高熔点的特性成为光导纤维的主要原料D．有机玻璃（聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯）是通过缩聚反应制得的8．设N A为阿伏伽德罗常数的值。
新东方2017年12月英语六级阅读真题及答案解析汇总
英语六级阅读解析第一套 Section AIn the past 12 months, Nigeria has suffered from a shrinking economy, a sliding currency, and a prolonged fuel shortage. Now, Africa’s largest in facing a food crisis as major tomato fields havebeen destroyed by an insect, leading to a nationwide shortage and escalating prices.The insect, Tutaabsoluta, has destroyed 80% of farms in Kaduna, Nigeria’s largest tomato producing state, leading the government there to declare a state of 26. The insect, also known as the tomato leaf miner, devastates crops by 27 on fruits and digging into and moving through stalks. It 28 incredibly quickly, breeding up to 12 generations per year if conditions are favorable. It is believed to have 29 in South America in the early 1900s, and later spread to Europe before crossing over to sub-Saharan Africa.In Nigeria, where tomatoes are a staple of local diets,the insect's effects are devastating. Retail prices for a 30 of tomatoes at local markets have risen from $0. 50 to $2.50. Farmers are reporting steep losses and a new $20 million tomato-paste factory has 31 production due to the shortages.Given the moth’s ability also to attack crops like pepper and potatoes, Audu Ogbeh, Nigeria’s minister of agriculture, has warned that the pest may“create serious problems for food 32 "in the country. Ogbeh says experts are investigating how to control the pest’s damage and prevent its spread, which has gone largely 33 until now.Despite being the continent's second-largest producer of tomatoes, Nigeria is 34 on $1 billion worth of tomato-paste imports every year. as around 75% of the local harvest goes to waste thanks to a lack of proper storage facilities. A further 35 in local supplies is yet another unwelcome setback to the industry.试题解析：英语六级考试阅读第一项是15选10，15选10的题目做题的第一步是将题目中的15个单词进行词性分类，我们按照5类来分，名词，动词，形容词，副词，和分词，因为分词做的成分有很多种，所以我们必须将其单独分成一类，而且分类的内容里面会出现交叉分类，什么意思呢，就是我们俗称叫做一词多性和一词多意，因为有的单词可能有多种词性和词义，我们也最好分门别类的标记一下。
2017年12月第一套翻译真题详解
4. 陕西—区别于山西，拼音写作Shaanxi 陕南陕北 Southern and Northern Shaanxi
5. 华—中国，China 华南华北 South and North China
6. 分析句子结构，将后半句变为非限制性定语从句
自上世纪90年代安装缆车以来，参观人数大大增加。
1. 安装缆车——缆车的安装
the installation of cable railway
2. 参观人数 the number of visitors
3. 大大增加 increase significantly; multiply
Since the installation of a cable railway in the 1990s. The number of visitors has increased significantly.
华山位于华阴市，据西安120公里。
1. 华山
Mount Huashan; Mt. Huashan; Huashan Mountain
2. 位于
be located in
3. 华阴市 Huayin City
4. 据—离…多远—(distance) away from some place
5. 西安
与“仙”字拼音相区别，写作Xi’an
Mount Huashan is located in Huayin City, 120 kilometers away from Xi’an City. It constitutes part of the Qinling Mountains, which not only divide Southern and Northern Shaanxi, but also separate South China from North China. Unlike Mount Taishan, which many pilgrims visited as a place of religious homage, Mount Huashan was rarely visited in the past because the path leading to the summit was extremely dangerous. Nevertheless, those longing for longevity have frequented the mountain, for there are abundant medical herbs, including some that are especially rare. Since the installation of a cable railway in the 1990s. The number of visitors has increased significantly.
2017年12月EMS基础真题
2017年12月EMS基础真题第一部分：单项选择，每题1分，共计50分。
1.依据GB/T24001-2016标准，相关方是（）。
• A.能够影响决策或活动、受决策或活动影响的个人或组织• B. 能够影响决策或活动、受决策或活动影响，或感觉自身受到决策或活动影响的个人或组织• C. 能够影响决策或活动，或感觉自身受到决策或活动影响的个人或组织• D. 受决策或活动影响，或感觉自身受到决策或活动影响的个人或组织2. GB/T24001-2016标准要求组织确定与（）有关的相关方。
• A. 重要环境因素• B. 环境绩效• C. 环境管理体系• D. 环境风险3.GB/T24001-2016标准的应用可因组织（）的不同而存在差异。
• A.环境方针与目标• B. 预期结果• C. 所处环境• D. 环境状况4. GB/T24001-2016 标准使组织能够运用共同的方法和（），将其环境管理体系和其他的管理体系的要求进行整合。
• A. 框架• B. 基于风险的思维• C. 相同的核心正文• D. 相似的运行模式5.GB/T24001-2016 标准中生命周期是指产品(或服务)系统中前后相接的一系列阶段，从自然界或从自然资源中获取原材料，直至（）。
• A.交付• B. 最终处置• C. 寿命结束• D. 废弃6.根据GB/T24001-2016 标准，有关外包定义下列说法最为正确的是（）。
• A.只有当外包过程是在组织的管理体系覆盖范围内时，外部组织才处在覆盖范围之内• B. 只有当外包职能是在组织的管理体系覆盖范围内时，外部组织才处在覆盖范围之内• C. 虽然外包的职能或过程是在组织管理体系覆盖范围内，但是外部组织是处在覆盖范围之外• D. 如果外包的职能或过程未被纳入组织的管理体系覆盖范围内，则外部组织才是处在覆盖范围之外7.依据GB/T24001-2016 标准，关于持续改进以下说法最为正确的是（）。
2017年12月英语四级真题答案及解析(第一套)
2017年12月大学英语四级考试真题答案与详解（第1套）Part I Writing审题思路：父母与子女的关系是一个老生常谈的话题，学生自己也会非常有感触、有话说。
因此，关键是如何组织语言，并把重点落脚到“how”上面。
如果采用我们一贯熟悉的“三点式”来讲怎么做，当然无可厚非。
不过，也可以换一种思路，重点从子女如何做下笔，并分析原因，使文章显得有理有据。
考场上时间紧张，考生思维也易受局限，不管从哪个角度写，一定要先列好提纲，理顺思路。
高分范文：Communication Is the Best Gift for ParentsThe relationship between parents and children is an eternal and universal topic for mankind. Our relationship with parents might be different at different ages. And for young people at their 20s, I think it will depend more on what children do.The reason why I say so is that as we grow up, our parents who were our idols before gradually get old and even out-dated. However hard efforts they make, they could not catch up with our steps, leading to the so-called invisible generation gap. Thus, if we cannot slow down our pace, there will definitely be an awkward silence between parents and us, which is not rare now. As a result, young people should talk more with parents to share our feelings and to understand each other better.Everyone wants loving parents who are open and supportive. Only through frequent communication with them, can we establish such a harmonious relationship.全文翻译：交流是给父母的最好的礼物对人类而言，父母与子女的关系是一个永恒而又普通的话题。
2017年12月大学英语三级(B级)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2017年12月大学英语三级（B级）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Listening Comprehension 2. V ocabulary & Structure 3. Reading Comprehension 4. Translation-English into Chinese 5. WritingPart I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Directions：This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 4 sections.Section ADirections: This section is to test your ability to give proper answers to questions. There are 7 recorded questions in it. After each question, there is a pause. The questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decid听力原文：M: Excuse me, where is the information center?1．A．It’ s over there.B．Sorry to hear it.C．That’ s all right.D．It’s wonderful.正确答案：A解析：问题为“请问咨询中心怎么走?”A项It’s over there(它就在那边)为指示方向的答语，符合题意。
听力原文：W: Can you show me how to use this machine?2．A．Here you are.B．It doesn’t matter.C．Yes, of course.D．Thank you.正确答案：C解析：问题为“能告诉我怎么操作这台机器吗?”C项Yes，of course(好的，当然可以)为对于请求的肯定回答，符合题意。
新东方刘涛：2017年12月大学英语四级考试真题解析阅读部分(新东方版)
2017年12月大学英语四级考试真题解析阅读部分（第一套）各位同学大家好，2017年12月大学英语四级刚刚落下帷幕，大家肯定还存在着很多困惑，那么下面我们针对第一套真题中的阅读部分，给大家进行一下具体的解析和讲解。
一、先来看一下选词填空部分，这依然是阅读中最难的部分，但是因为分数占比仅有5%，所以不用太担心。
做题原则为：先判定词性，再判定词义。
26.K 根据some和skills判定填空处的词性为形容词，根据上下句得知此空词义应为“有优势的，较好的”。
27.D 根据填空前an urban..,确定此空词性为名词，根据and前的dirty birds判定为负面的并列，所以选负面可数名词，nuisance的意思为：令人生厌的东西。
28.M 此空后面有of引导的介宾结构，所以前后必定为从属关系，词义和手有关，而且词性为名词，所以选tip，表示指尖。
29.O 此空为形容词，而且和器官有关，前文说尽管鸽子的脑子很小很弱，而后文必须硕它们的另外器官功能很强，所以“视觉的”比较符合要求。
30.A 此处为固定搭配。
be associated with 表示前者与后者有关。
31.F rather than为肯前否后结构，前后语意相反，但词性相同，所以选ing形式的词，即，人们通常会把老鼠和传播疾病联系在一起，而不会把它们和预防疾病联系起来。
32.H 根据后句话中的中文提示（嗅觉感受器），可知老鼠的鼻子很灵敏，推导出32的词义应该和高度“敏感的”的相关。
33.I此空词性为形容词，词义根据前后文判断应该是和“小、细微的”有关。
因为后文中说“能探测出肺结核细菌”，所以“轻微的”比较符合文意。
34. C 不定式结构，所以此空为动词原形。
根据前后文，此处为“暗示”。
35.B不定式结构，所以此空也为动词原形。
根据后文，”this rat detection method”判定此处为“检测，实验”。
二、再来看一下，段落匹配题，此类占10%的分数，比较重要。
2017年12月CET-6真题(1)及答案(附听力音频)
2017年12月CET-6真题（1）及答案（附听力音频）在新学年开始之际，应广大同学的强烈要求，我们从今天开始推出大学英语去、六级历年全套真题并附部分参考答案与解析，供大家参考，由于资料整理可能不尽完善，有差错之处请同学们谅解、自行辨别。
恭祝各位同学：身体健康，学业有成！敬请关注、推广、宣传和支持！2017年12月CET-6真题（1）及答案（附听力音频）2017年12月英语六级考试真题及答案（第一套）“考试采取“多题多卷”模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题进行核对。
”Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying 'Respect others, and you will be respected. ' you can cite examples to ilustrate your views. you should write at least 150 words but no more than 200。
Part IIListening comprehension(30miutes) 2017.126（1）来自大译精诚00:00 26:41Section aDirections: in this section, you will hear two long conversations at the end of each comversation you will hear four questions. both the comversation and the questions will be spoken only once. afier you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a, b) cand d). then mark the corresponding letter on answer Sheet i with a singleline through the centre.Questions1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard1.a)they reward businesses that eliminate food wastb)they prohibit the sale of foods that have gone stalec) they facilitate the donation of unsold foods to the needyd) they forbid businesses to produce more foods than needed2. a)it imposed penalties on businesses that waste foodb)it passed a law aiming to stop overproduction C)it voted gainst food import from outside europed) it prohibited the promotion of bulk food sales.3. a) it has warmed its people against possible food shortage.b) it has penalized businesses that keep overproducing foodsc)it has started a nationwide campaign against food waste.d) it has banned supermarkets from dumping edible foods.4 .a)the confusion over food expiration labels.b)the surplus resulting from overproductionc)americans' habit of buying food in bulkd)a lack of regulation on food consumptionQuestions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. a) it has started a week-long promotion campaign.b)it has just launched its annual anniversary salesc) it offers regular weekend sales all the year roundd)it specializes in the sale of ladies designer dresses6. a)price reductions for its frequent customers.b)coupons for customers with bulk purchases.c)free delivery of purchases for senior customers.d)price adjustments within seven days of purchase.7. a)mail a gift card to her.b) allow her to buy on credic) credit it to her accountd) give her some coupons.8. a) refunding for goods returnedb) free installing of appliances.c)prolonged goods warranty.d)complimentary tailoringSection bDirections: in this section, you will hear two passages. at the end of each passage, you will hear Iree or four questions. both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a, b, cand d). then mark the corresponding letter on answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard9. a)they are thin, tall, and unlike real human beings.b)they have more than twenty different hair texturesc)they have twenty-four different body shapes in totald)they represent people from virtually all walks oflife.10.a)they do not reflect young girls aspirationsb)they are not sold together with the originalc) their flat feet do not appeal to adolescentsd) their body shapes have not changed much11. a)in toy storesb) in shopping malls.c)on the internetd)at barbie shopsQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. a )moveable metal type began to be used in printingb) chinese printing technology was first introducec)the earliestknown book was publishedd) metal type was imported from korea13. a) it had more than a hundred printing presses.b)it was the biggest printer in the 16th century.c) it helped the german people become literate.d) it produced some 20 million volumes in total14. a)it pushed handwritten books out of circulation.b)it boosted the circulation of popular works.c)it made writing a very profitable career.d) it provided readers with more choices.15. a) it accelerated the extinction of the latin language.b) it standardized the publication of grammar books.c) turned translation into a welcome profession.d) it promoted the growth of national languagesSection cDirections: in this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. the recordings will be played only once. after you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a, b, c and d)Then mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet 1 with a single line through centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. a) they get bored after working for a period of time.b) they spend an average of one year finding a job.c)they become stuck in the same job for decades.d) they choose a job without thinking it through.17. a)see if there will be chances for promotion.b)find out what job choices are available.c)watch afilm about ways of job hunting.d) decide which job is most attractive to you.18. a)the qualifications you have.b)the pay you are going to get.c)the culture of your target company.d) the work environment you will be in.19. a) it is as important as christmas for african-americans.b) it is a cultural festival founded for african-americans.c) it is an ancient festival celebrated by african-americans.d) it is a religious festival celebrated by african-americans20. a)to urge african-americans to do more for society.b) to call on african-americans to worship their godsc) to help african-americans to realize their goals.d) to remind african-americans of their sufferings.21. a)faith inself-determinationb)the first fruits of the harvestc) unity and cooperative economicsd creative work and achievement.22.a)they recite a principleb)they take a solemn oathc)they drink wine from the unity cupd) they call out their ancestors' names.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard23. a) it is one of the world's most healthy diets.b) it contains large amounts of dairy products.c)it began to impact the world in recent years.d) it consists mainly of various kinds of seafood.4. a) it involved 13, 000 researchers from asia, europe and america.b) it was conducted in seven mid-eastern countries in the 1950sc) it is regarded as one of the greatestresearches of its kind.d)it has drawn the attention of medical doctors the world over.25. a) they care much about their health.b) they eat foods with little fat. c)they use little oil in cookingd) they have lower mortality ratesPart III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. In the past 12 months,Nigeria has suffered from a shrinking economy, a sliding currency, and a prolonged fuel shortage. Now, Africa’s largest in facing a food crisis as major tomato fields have been destroyed by an insect,leading to a nationwide shortage and escalating prices.The insect, Tutaabsoluta, has destroyed 80% of farms in Kaduna, Nigeria's largest tomato producing state, leading the government there to declare a state of26 .The insect, also known as the tomato leaf miner, devastates crops by 27 on fruits and digginginto and moving through stalks.It 28 incredibly quickly,breeding up to 12 generations per year if conditions are favorable. it is believed to have 29 in South America in the early 1900s, and later spread to Europe before crossing over to sub-Saharan Africa.In Nigeria, where tomatoes are a staple of local diets,the insect's effects are devastating. Retail prices for a 30 of tomatoes at local markets have risen from $0. 50 to $2.50. Farmers are reporting steep losses and a new $20 million tomato-paste factory has 31 production due to the shortages.Given the moth's ability also to attack crops like pepper and potatoes, Audu Ogbeh, Nigeria's minister of agriculture, has warned that the pest may'create serious problems for food 32 'in the country.Ogbeh says experts are investigating how to control the pest’s damage and prevent its spread, which has gone largely 33 until now.Despite being the continent's second-largest producer of tomatoes, Nigeria is 34 on $1 billion worth of tomato-paste imports every year.as around 75% of the local harvest goes to waste thanks to a lack of proper storage facilities. A further 35 in local supplies is yet another unwelcome setback to the industry.A) dependent I）originatedB) Embarking J) reductionC) emergenc K) reproducesD) feeding L）securityE)grazes M）terrorF) haltedN) uncheckedG) handful O）uncheckedH) multitudeSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.who's really addicting you to Technology?A.'Nearly everyone i know is addicted in some measure to the internet, 'wrote tony Schwartz in The New York Times. it's a common complaint these days. A steady stream of similar headlines accuse the net and its offspring apps, social media sites and online games of addicting us to distractionB. There's little doubt that nearly everyone who comes in contact with the net has difficulty concentration than it takes to post a status update. as one person ironically put it in the comments section of Schwartz's online article, 'As I was reading this very excellent article.I stopped at least half a dozen times to cheek my email.C.There's something different about this technology: it is both invasive and persuasive. but who's at fault for its overuse？To find solutions, it's important tounderstand what we’re dealing with.There are four parties conspiring to keep you connected the tech, your boss, your friends and you.D.The technologies themselves and their makers, are the easiest suspects to blame for our diminishing attention spans. Nicholas Carr,author of The Shallows：what the internet is doing Our brains, wrote, The net is designed to be an interruption system, a machine geared to dividingattention.E.Online services like Facebook, twitter and the like, are called out of manipula-tion--making，products so good that people can't stop using them. after studying these products for several years, I wrote a book about how they do it. I learned itall starts with the business model. since these services rely on advertising revenue, The more frequently you use money they make.It’s no winder these companies employ teams of people focused on engineering their services to be as engaging as possible. these products aren't habit-forming by chance; it's by design. they have an incentive to keep us hooked.F.However, as good as these services are, there are simple steps we can take to keep them at bay.For example, we can change how often we receive the distracting notifications that trigger our urge to check.According to adam marchick, ceo of mobile marketing company kahuna, less than 15 percent of smartphone users everbother to adjust their notification setlings--meaning the remaining 85 percent of us default to the app makers' every preset trigger.Google and Apple have made it far too difficult to adjust these settings so it's up to us to take steps ensure we set these triggers to suit our own needs, not the needs of the app makers.G.While companies like Facebook harvest attention to generate revenue from advertisers, other technologies have no such agenda. take email, for example. this system couldn't care less how often you use it. Yet to many, email is the mosthabit-forming medium of all.We check email at all hours of the day--we're obsessed, but why? Because that's what the boss wants.For almost all white-collar jobs, A slowResponse to a message could hurt not only your reputation but also your livelihood.H.Your friends are also responsible.Think about this familiar scene.People gathered around a table, enjoying food and each others company. there's laughter and a bit of kidding. Then, during an interval in the conversation, someone takes out their phone to check who knows what.Barely anyone notices and no one says a thing.I.Now imagine the same dinner,but instead of checking their phone, the person belches(打嗝）-loudly.Everyone notices. unless the meal takes place in a beer house, this is considered bad manners. The impolite act violatesthe basic rules of etiquette. one has to wonder why don’t we apply the same social norms to checking phones during meals, meetings and conversations as we do to other antisocial behaviors somehow, we accept it and say nothing when someone offends.J.The reality is taking one's phone out at the wrong time is worse than belching because, unlike other minor offense, checking tech is contagious. once one person looks at their phone,other people feel compelled to do the same, starting a chain reaction. the more people are on their phones, the fewer people are talking until finally you are the only one left not reading email or checking twitter. from a societal perspective, phone checking is less like belching in public and more like another bad habit. our phones are like cigarettes-something to do when were bored or when our fingers need something to toy with seeing others enjoy a smoke,or sneak a quick glance, is too tempting to resist and soon everyone is doing it.K.The technology, your boss, and your friends, all influence how often you find yourself using (or overusing )these gadgets. but there's still someone who deserves scrutiny--the person holding the phone. L. I have a confession. even though i study habit-forming technology for a living, disconnecting is not easy for me.I'm online far more than I'd like like Schwartz and so many others, Ioften find myself distracted and off tack.I wanted to know why so i began self-monitoring to try to understand my behavior. that's when i discovered an uncomfortable truth. i use technology as an escape. when I'm doing something I'd rather not do, or when I'm someplace I'd rather not attention was often a good thing, like when passing time on public transportation, but frequently my tech use was not so benign. when i faced difficult work, like thinking through an article idea or editing the same draft for the hundredth time, for example, a more sinister screen would draw me in. i could easily escapediscomfort.temporarlly.by answering email or browsing ing the web under the pretense of so-called'research. 'though I desperately wanted to lay blame elsewhere, i finally had to admit that my bad habits had less to do withnew-age.technology and more to do with old-fashioned procrastination(拖延）M.it's easy to blame technology for being so distracting, but distraction is nothing new. Aristotle and Socrates dehated nature of “akrasia”--our tendency to do things agninst our interests. If we're honest with ourselves, tech is just another way to occupy our time and minds,if we weren’t on our devices. We’d likely do similarly unproductive.N.personal technology is indeed more engaging than ever, and there's nodoubt companies are engineering their products and services to be more compelling and attractive but would want it any other way the intended result of making something better is that people use it more. that's not necessarily a problem, that's progress.O.These improvements don't mean we shouldn't attempt to control our use of technology. In order to make sure it doesn't control us, we should come to terms with the fact that it's more than the technology itself that’s responsible for our habits. our workplace culture, social norns and individual behaviors all play a part to put technology in its place, we must be conscious not only of how technology is changing, but also of how it is changing us.36.Online services are so designed that the more they are used, the more profit they generate.37. The author admits using technology as an escape from the task at hand.38. Checking phones at dinners is now accepted as normal but not belching39. To make proper use of technology, we should not only increase our awareness of how it is changing but also how it is impacting us.40. Most of us find it hard to focus on our immediate tasks because of internet distractions41. when one person starts checking their phone, the others will followsuit.42.The great majority of smartphone users don' t take the trouble to adjust their settings to suit their own purposes.43.Theinternet is regarded by some as designed to distract our attention.44. The author attributes his tech addiction chiefly to his habit of putting off doing what he should45.White-collar workers check email round the clock because it is required by their employersSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.who's really addicting you to Technology?A.'Nearly everyone i know is addicted in some measure to the internet, 'wrote tony Schwartz in The New York Times. it's a common complaint these days. A steady stream of similar headlines accuse the net and its offspring apps, social media sites and online games of addicting us to distractionB. There's little doubt that nearly everyone who comes in contact with the net has difficulty concentration than it takes to post a status update. as one person ironically put it in the comments section of Schwartz's online article, 'As I was reading this very excellent article.I stopped at least half a dozen times to cheek my email.C.There's something different aboutthis technology: it is both invasive and persuasive. but who's at fault for its overuse？To find solutions, it's important to understand what we’re dealing with.There are four parties conspiring to keep you connected the tech, your boss, your friends and you.D.The technologies themselves and their makers, are the easiest suspects to blame for our diminishing attention spans. Nicholas Carr,author of The Shallows：what the internet is doing Our brains, wrote, The net is designed to be an interruption system, a machine geared to dividingattention.E.Online services like Facebook, twitter and the like, are called out of manipula-tion--making，products so good that people can't stop using them. after studying these products for several years, I wrote a book about how they do it. I learned itall starts with the business model. since these services rely on advertising revenue, The more frequently you use money they make.It’s no winder these companies employ teams of people focused on engineering their services to be as engaging as possible. these products aren't habit-forming by chance; it's by design. they have an incentive to keep us hooked.F.However, as good as these services are, there are simple steps we can take to keep them at bay.For example, we can change how often we receive the distracting notifications that trigger our urge tocheck.According to adam marchick, ceo of mobile marketing company kahuna, less than 15 percent of smartphone users ever bother to adjust their notification setlings--meaning the remaining 85 percent of us default to the app makers' every preset trigger.Google and Apple have made it far too difficult to adjust these settings so it's up to us to take steps ensure we set these triggers to suit our own needs, not the needs of the app makers.G.While companies like Facebook harvest attention to generate revenue from advertisers, other technologies have no such agenda. take email, for example. this system couldn't care less how often you use it. Yet to many, email is the mosthabit-forming medium of all.We check email at all hours of the day--we're obsessed, but why? Because that's what the boss wants.For almost all white-collar jobs, A slowResponse to a message could hurt not only your reputation but also your livelihood.H.Your friends are also responsible.Think about this familiar scene.People gathered around a table, enjoying food and each others company. there's laughter and a bit of kidding. Then, during an interval in the conversation, someone takes out their phone to check who knows what.Barely anyone notices and no one says a thing.I.Now imagine the same dinner,but instead of checking their phone, the person belches(打嗝）-loudly.Everyone notices. unless the meal takes place in a beer house, this is considered bad manners. The impolite act violates the basic rules of e tiquette. one has to wonder why don’t we apply the same social norms to checking phones during meals, meetings and conversations as we do to other antisocial behaviors somehow, we accept it and say nothing when someone offends.J.The reality is taking one's phone out at the wrong time is worse than belching because, unlike other minor offense, checking tech is contagious. once one person looks at their phone,other people feel compelled to do the same, starting a chain reaction. the more people are on their phones, the fewer people are talking until finally you are the only one left not reading email or checking twitter. from a societal perspective, phone checking is less like belching in public and more like another bad habit. our phones are like cigarettes-something to do when were bored or when our fingers need something to toy with seeing others enjoy a smoke,or sneak a quick glance, is too tempting to resist and soon everyone is doing it.K.The technology, your boss, and your friends, all influence how often you find yourself using (or overusing )these gadgets. but there's still someone who deserves scrutiny--the person holding the phone. L. I have a confession. even though i study habit-formingtechnology for a living, disconnecting is not easy for me.I'm online far more than I'd like like Schwartz and so many others, I often find myself distracted and off tack.I wanted to know why so i began self-monitoring to try to understand my behavior. that's when i discovered an uncomfortable truth. i use technology as an escape. when I'm doing something I'd rather not do, or when I'm someplace I'd rather not attention was often a good thing, like when passing time on public transportation, but frequently my tech use was not so benign. when i faced difficult work, like thinking through an article idea or editing the same draft for the hundredth time, for example, a more sinister screen would draw me in. i could easily escapediscomfort.temporarlly.by answering email or browsing ing the web under the pretense of so-called'research. 'though I desperately wanted to lay blame elsewhere, i finally had to admit that my bad habits had less to do withnew-age.technology and more to do with old-fashioned procrastination(拖延）M.it's easy to blame technology for being so distracting, but distraction is nothing new. Aristotle and Socrates dehated nature of “akrasia”--our tendency to do things agninst our interests. If we're honest with ourselves, tech is just another way to occupy our time and minds,if we weren’t on ourdevices. We’d likely do similarly unproductive.N.personal technology is indeed more engaging than ever, and there's no doubt companies are engineering their products and services to be more compelling and attractive but would want it any other way the intended result of making something better is that people use it more. that's not necessarily a problem, that's progress.O.These improvements don't mean we shouldn't attempt to control our use of technology. In order to make sure it doesn't control us, we should come to terms with the fact that it's more than the technology itself that’s responsible for o ur habits. our workplace culture, social norns and individual behaviors all play a part to put technology in its place, we must be conscious not only of how technology is changing, but also of how it is changing us.36.Online services are so designed that the more they are used, the more profit they generate.37. The author admits using technology as an escape from the task at hand.38. Checking phones at dinners is now accepted as normal but not belching39. To make proper use of technology, we should not only increase our awareness of how it is changing but also how it is impacting us.40. Most of us find it hard to focus on our immediate tasks because of internet distractions41. when one person starts checking their phone, the others will followsuit.42.The great majority of smartphone users don' t take the trouble to adjust their settings to suit their own purposes.43.The internet is regarded by some as designed to distract our attention.44. The author attributes his tech addiction chiefly to his habit of putting off doing what he should45.White-collar workers check email round the clock because it is required by their employersPart IVTranslation (30 minutes)Directions: for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from chinese into English. you should write your answer on answer sheet 2.太湖是中国东部的一个淡水湖,占地面积2250平方公里,是中国第三大淡水湖,仅次于鄱阳和洞庭。
2017年12月英语四级考试真题第一套及答案
2017年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案（第一套）Part I Writing （25 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short easy on how to best handle the relationship between doctors and patients. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension （25 minutes）Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1. A) Her friend Erika. C) Her grandfather. B) Her little brother. D) Her grandmother. 2. A) By taking pictures for passers-by. C) By selling lemonade and pictures. B) By working part time at a hospital. D) By asking for help on social media. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3. A) Finding cheaper ways of highway construction. B) Generating electric power for passing vehicles. C) Providing clean energy to five million people. D) Testing the efficiency of the new solar panel. 4. A) They can stand the wear and tear of natural elements. B) They can be laid right on top of existing highways. C) They are only about half an inch thick. D) They are made from cheap materials. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. 5. A) Endless fighting in the region. C) Inadequate funding for research. B) The hazards from the desert. D) The lack of clues about the species. 6. A) To observe the wildlife in the two national parks. B) To identify the reasons for the lions’ disappearance.C) To study the habitat of lions in Sudan and Ethiopia. D) To find evidence of the existence of the “lost lions”.7. A) Lions walking. C) Some camping facilities. B) Lions’ tracks. D) Traps set by local hunters.Section B Directions：In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 8. A) Her ‘lucky birthday’. C) Her wedding anniversary.B) A call from her dad. D) A special gift from the man. 9. A) Gave her a big model plane. C) Took her on a trip overseas. B) Bought her a good necklace. D) Threw her a surprise party. 10. A) The gift her husband has bought. B) The trip her husband has planned. C) What has been troubling her husband. D) What her husband and the man are up to. 11. A) He will be glad to be a guide for the couple’s holiday trip.B) He will tell the women the secret if her husband agrees. C) He is eager to learn how the couple’s holiday turns out.D) He wants to find out about the couple’s holiday plan.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 12. A) They are sensitive to the dynamics of a negotiation. B) They see the importance of making compromises. C) They know when to adopt a tough attitude. D) They take the rival’s attitude into account.13. A) They know how to adapt. C) They know when to make compromises. B) They know when to stop. D) They know how to control their emotion. 14. A) They are patient. C) They learn quickly. B) They are good at expression. D) They uphold their principles. 15. A) Make clear one's intentions. C) Formulate one's strategy. B) Clarify items of negotiation. D) Get to know the other side. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. 16. A) When America's earliest space program started. B) When the International Space Station was built. C) How many space shuttle missions there will be. D) How space research benefits people on Earth. 17. A) They accurately calculated the speed of the orbiting shuttles. B) They developed objects for astronauts to use in outer space. C) They tried to meet astronauts' specific requirements. D) They tried to make best use of the latest technology. 18. A) They are extremely accurate. C) They were first made in space. B) They are expensive to make. D) They were invented in the 1970s. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. 19. A) It was when her ancestors came to America. B) People had plenty of land to cultivate then. C) It marked the beginning of something new. D) Everything was natural and genuine then. 20. A) They believed in working for goals. C) They had all kinds of entertainment. B) They enjoyed living a living a life of ease. D) They were known to be creative. 21. A) Chatting with her ancestors. C) Polishing all the silver work. B) Furnishing her country house. D) Doing needlework by the fire. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 22. A) Use a map to identify your location. C) Sit down and try to calm yourself. B) Call your family or friends for help. D) Try to follow your footprints back. 23. A) You may find a way out without your knowing it. B) You may expose yourself to unexpected dangers. C) You may get drowned in a sudden flood. D) You may end up entering a wonderland. 24. A) Look for food. C) Start a fire. B) Wait patiently. D) Walk uphill. 25. A) Inform somebody of your plan. C) Check the local weather. B) Prepare enough food and drink. D) Find a map and a compass. Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes ) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. A rat or pigeon might not be the obvious choice to tend to someone who is sick, but these creatures have some 26 skills that could help the treatment of human diseases. Pigeons are often seen as dirty birds and an urban 27 , but they are just the latest in a long line of animals that have been found to have abilities to help humans. Despite having a brain no bigger than the 28 of your index finger, pigeons have a very impressive 29__ memory. Recently it was shown that they could be trained to be as accurate as humans at detecting breast cancer in images. Rats are often 30 with spreading disease rather than 31 it, but this long-tailed animal is highly 32 . Inside a rat's nose are up to 1,000 different types of olfactory receptors （嗅觉感受器）, whereas humans only have 100 to 200 types. This gives rats the ability to detect __33 smells. As a result, some rats are being put to work to detect TB（肺结核）. When the rats detect the smell, they stop and rub their legs to 34 a sample is infected. Traditionally, a hundred samples would take lab technicians more than two days to 35 , but for a rat it takes less than 20 minutes. This rat detection — the method doesn't rely on specialist equipment. It is also more accurate rats are able to find more TB infections and, therefore, save more lives. A) associated I) slight B) examine J) specify C) indicate K) superior D) nuisance L) suspicious E) peak M) tip F) preventing N) treated G) prohibiting O) visual H) sensitive Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. Do In-Class Exams Make Students Study Harder? Research suggests they may study more broadly for the unexpected rather than search for answers. [A] I have always been a poor test-taker. So it may seem rather strange that I have returned to college to finish the degree I left undone some four decades ago. I am making my way through Columbia University, surrounded by students who quickly supply the verbal answer while I am still processing the question. [B] Since there is no way for me to avoid exams, I am currently questioning what kind are the most taxing and ultimately beneficial. I have already sweated through numerous in-class midterms and finals, and now I have a professor who issues take-home ones. I was excited when I learned this, figuring I had a full week to do the research, read the texts, and write it all up. In fact, I was still rewriting my midterm the morning it was due. To say I had lost the thread is putting it mildly. [C] As I was suffering through my week of anxiety, overthinking the material and guessing my grasp of it, I did some of my own polling among students and professors. David Eisenbach, who teaches a popular class on U.S. presidents at Columbia, prefers the in-class variety. He believes students ultimately learn more and encourages them to form study groups. “That way they socialize over history outside the class, which wouldn’t class exam,” he explained, happen without the pressure of an in-“Furthermore, in-class exams force students to learn how to perform under pressure, and essential work skill.”[D] He also says there is less chance of cheating with the in-class variety. In 2012, 125 students at Harvard were caught up in a scandal when it was discovered they had cheated on a take-home exam for a class entitled nor “Introduction To Congress.” Some colleges have what they call an “ho code,” though if you are smart enough to get into these schools, you are either smart enough to get around any codes or hopefully, too ethical to consider doing so. As I sat blocked and clueless for two solid days, I momentarily wondered if I couldn’t just call an expert on the subject matter which I was tackling, or someone who took the class previously, to get me going. [E] Following the Harvard scandal, Mary Miller, the former dean of fessors to students at Yale, made an impassioned appeal to her school’s prorefrain from take-hone exams. “Students risk health and well being, as well as performance in other end-of-term work, when faculty offers take-home exams without clear, time-limited boundaries,” she told me. “Research now shows that regular quizzes, short essays, and other assignments over the course of a term better enhance learning and retention.”[F] Most college professors agree the kind of exam they choose largely depends on the subject. A quantitative-based one, for example, is unlikely to be sent home, where one could ask their older brothers and sisters to help. V ocational-type classes, such as computer science or journalism, on the other hand, are often more research-oriented and lend themselves to ches “History of Broadcast take-home testing. Chris Koch, who teaJournalism” at Montgomery Community College in Rockville, Maryland, points out that reporting is about investigation rather than the memorization of minute details. “In my field, it’s not what you know—it’s what you know how to f ind out,” says Koch. “There is way too much information, and more coming all the time, for anyone to remember. I want my students to search out the answers to questions by using all the resources available to them. [G] Students’ test-form preferences vary, too, often depending on the subject and course difficulty. “I prefer take-home essays because it is then really about the writing, so you have time to edit and do more research,” says Elizabeth Dresser, a junior at Barnard. Then there is the stress factor. -class ones are Francesca Haass, a senior at Middlebury, says, “I find the inmore stressful in the short term, but there is immediate relief as you swallow information like mad, and then you get to forget it all. Take-homes require thoughtful engagement which can lead to longer term stress as there is never a moment when the time is up.” Meanwhile, Olivia Rubin, a sophomore at homes true exams. “If you Emory, says she hardly even considers take-understand the material and have the ability to articulate (说出) your thoughts, they should be a breeze.”[H] How students ultimately handle stress may depend on their personal test-taking abilities. There are people who always wait until the last minute, and make it much harder than it needs to be. And then there those who, not knowing what questions are coming at them, and having no resources to refer to, can freeze. And then there are we rare folks who fit both those descriptions. [I] Yes, my advanced age must factor into the equation (等式), in part because of my inability to access the information as quickly. As another returning student at Columbia, Kate Marber, told me, “We are learning not only all this information, but essentially how to learn again. Our fellow students have just come out of high school. A lot has changed since we were last in school.”[J] If nothing else, the situation has given my college son and me something to share, When I -class exams asked his opinion on this matter, he responded, “I like inbecause the time is already reserved, as opposed to using my free time at home to work on a test,” he responded.It seems to me that a compromise would be receiving the exam questions a day or two in advance, and then doing the actual test in class the ticking clock overhead. [K] Better yet, how about what one Hunter College professor reportedly did recently for her final exam: She encouraged the class not to stress or even study, promising that, “It is going to be as in hand, piece of cake.” When the students came in, sharpened pencilthere was not a blue book in sight. Rather, they saw a large chocolate cake and they each were given a slice. 36. Elderly students find it hard to keep up with the rapid changes in education. 37. Some believe take-home exams may affect students' performance in other courses. 38. Certain professors believe in-class exams are ultimately more helpful to students. 39. In-class exams are believed to discourage cheating in exams. 40. The author was happy to learn she could do some exams at home. 41. Students who put off their work until the last moment often find the exams more difficult than they actually are. 42. Different students may prefer different types of exams. 43. Most professors agree whether to give an in-class or a take-home exam depends on type of course being taught. 44. The author dropped out of college some forty years ago. 45. Some students think take-home exams will eat up their free time. Section C Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage. That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in -night” effect. unfamiliar surroundings is a phenomenon known as the “firstIf a person stays in the same room the following night they tend to sleep more soundly. Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown University set out to investigate the origins of this effect. Dr. Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved. The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it when performance might be affected the following day. She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators (捕食者). This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing. To take a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the university’s Department of Psycho logical Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity of their brains. Dr. Sasaki found, as expected, the participants slept less well on their first night than they did on their second, taking more than twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping less overall. During deep sleep, the participants’ brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins. On the first night only, the left hemispheres (半球半球) of their brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres did. Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that, if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found. 46. What did researchers find puzzling about the first-night effect? A) To what extent it can trouble people. C) What circumstances may trigger it. B) What role it has played in evolution. D) In what way it can be beneficial. 47. What do we learn about Dr. Yuka Sasaki doing her research? A) She found birds and dolphins remain alert while asleep. B) She found birds and dolphins sleep in much the same way. C) She got some idea from previous studies on birds and dolphins D) She conducted studies on birds’ and dolphins’ sleeping patterns.48. What did Dr. Sasaki do when she first did her experiment? A) She monitored the brain activity of participants sleeping in a new environment. B) She recruited 35 participants from her Department of Psychological Sciences. C) She studied the differences between the two sides of participants’ brains. D) She tested her findings about birds and dolphins on human subjects. 49. What did Dr. Sasaki do when re-running her experiment? A) She analyzed the negative effect of irregular tones on brains. B) She recorded participants’ adaptation to changed environment.C) She exposed her participants to two different stimuli. D) She compared the responses of different participants. 50. What did Dr. Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment? A) They tended to enjoy certain tones more than others. B) They tended to perceive irregular beeps as a threat. C) They felt sleepy when exposed to regular beeps. D) They differed in their tolerance of irregular tones. Passage Two Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage. It’s time to reevaluate how women handle conflict at work. Being overworked or over-committed at home and on the job will not get you where you want to be in life. It will only slow you down and hinder your career goals. Did you know women are more likely than men to feel exhausted? 44 reported feeling “very Nearly twice as many women than men ages 18-tired” or “exhausted”, according to a recent study.This may not be surprising given that this is the age range when women have children. It's also the age range when many women are trying to balance careers and home. One reason women may feel exhausted is that they have a hard time saying "no." Women want to be able todo it all volunteer for school parties or cook delicious meals-and so their answer to any request is often “Yes, I can.”Women struggle to say “no” in the workplace for similar reasons, including the desire to be liked by their colleagues. Unfortunately, this inability to say "no" may be hurting women's heath as well as their career. At the workplace, men use conflict as a way to position themselves, while women often avoid conflict or strive to be the peacemaker, because they don't want to be viewed as aggressive or disruptive at work. For example, there’s a problem that needs to be addressed immediately, resulting in a dispute over should be the one to fix it. Men are more likely to face that dispute from the perspective of what benefits them most, whereas women may approach the same dispute from the perspective of what's the easiest and quickest way to resolve the problem-even if that means doing the boring work themselves. This difference in handling conflict could be the deciding factor on who gets promoted to a leadership position and who does not. Leaders have – including staff to be able to delegate and manage resources wisely expertise. Shouldering more of the workload may not earn you that promotion. Instead, it may highlight your inability to delegate effectively. 51. What does the author say is the problem with women? A) They are often unclear about the career goals to reach. B) They are usually more committed at home than on the job. C) They tend to be over-optimistic about how far they could go. D) They tend to push themselves beyond the limits of their ability. 52. Why do working women of child-bearing age tend to feel drained of energy? A) They struggle to satisfy the demands of both work and home. B) They are too devoted to work and unable to relax as a result. C) They do their best to cooperate with their workmates. D) They are obliged to take up too many responsibilities. 53. What may hinder the future prospects of career women? A) Their unwillingness to say “no”.B) Their desire to be considered powerful. C) An underestimate of their own ability. D) A lack of courage to face challenges. 54. Men and woman differ in their approach to resolving workplace conflicts in that______. A) women tend to be easily satisfied B) men are generally more persuasive C) men tend to put their personal interests first D) women are much more ready to compromise 55. What is important to a good leader? A) A dominant personality. C) The courage to admit failure B) The ability to delegate. D) A strong sense of responsibility. Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 华山位于华阴市，据西安120公里。
历年英语四级作文真题题目(2016.6—2020.9)
历年英语四级作文真题题目（2016.6—2020.9）2020. 9 第一套：online libraries are becoming increasingly popular 线上图书馆变得越来越流行Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on online libraries. You can start your essay with the sentence “Online library is becoming increasingly popular.” You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.2020.9 第二套：online dictionaries are becoming increasingly popular线上词典变得越来越流行For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on online dictionary. You can start your essay with the sentence “Online dictionary is becoming increasingly popular.” You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.2020.9第三套：The use of Power point is becoming increasingly popular in classPPT的使用在课堂中越来越流行For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the use of PowerPoint(PPT) in class. You can start your essay with the sentence "The use of PowerPoint is becoming increasingly popular in class". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.2020.7 翻译软件Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the use of translation apps. You can start your essay with the sentence "The use of translation apps is becoming increasingly popular. " You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.2019年12月英语四级作文真题第3套:为外国友人推荐一所大学For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to study in China. Please recommend a university to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more th...2019年12月英语四级作文真题第2套:为外国友人推荐学习汉语的地方For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to learn Chinese. Please recommend a place to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180...2019年12月英语四级作文真题第1套:为外国友人推荐一座城市For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to teach English in China. Please recommend a city to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more ...2019年6月英语四级作文真题第3套: 参观养老院Directions: For this part, you are allowed 80 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your Student Union to assist elderly people in the neighbo...2019年6月英语四级作文真题第2套:参观希望小学Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a visit to a Hope Elementary School organized by your Student Union. You should write at lea...2019年6月英语四级作文真题第1套:参观农场For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a visit to a local farm organized by your Student Union. You should write at least 120 words but no more...2018年12月英语四级作文真题第3套:毕业后开启职业生涯的挑战For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of starting a career after graduation. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.2018年12月英语四级作文真题第2套:出国留学的挑战For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of studying abroad. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.2018年12月英语四级作文真题范文第1套:生活在大城市里的挑战For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of living in a big city. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.2018年6月英语四级作文真题第3套:表达能力的重要性Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of speaking ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.2018年6月英语四级作文真题第2套:写作能力的重要性Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of writing ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.2018年6月英语四级作文真题第1套:阅读能力的重要性Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of reading ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.2017年12月英语四级作文真题第3套:老师与学生之间的关系Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how to best handle the relationship between teachers and students. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.2017年12月英语四级作文真题第2套:医生与病患之间的关系Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how to best handle the relationship between doctors and patients. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.2017年12月英语四级作文真题第1套:父母与子女之间的关系For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how to best handle the relationship between parents and children. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.2017年6月英语四级作文真题第3套:卖书For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, conditio...2017年6月英语四级作文真题第2套:卖自行车For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a bicycle you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features, ...2017年6月英语四级作文真题第1套:卖电脑For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell a computer you used at college. Your advertisement may include its brand, specifications/features,...2016年12月英语四级作文真题第3套:国企or外企For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have two options upon graduation: one is to work in a state-owned business and the other in a joint venture. You are to make...2016年12月英语四级作文真题第2套:工作or考研For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have two options upon graduation: one is to take a job in a company and the other to go to a graduate school. You are to make….2016年12月英语四级作文真题第1套:就业or创业For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have two options upon graduation: one is to find a job somewhere and the other to start a business of your own. You are to m...2016年6月英语四级作文真题第3套:写感谢老师的信For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your school teachers upon entering college.2016年6月英语四级作文真题第2套:写感谢家人的信For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to your parents or any other family member upon making a memorable achievement.2016年6月英语四级作文真题第1套:写感谢朋友的信For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your friends who helped you most when you were in difficulty.。
17年12月真题答案解析
17年12月真题答案解析20在学生考试备战的过程中，真题的解析是非常关键的。
通过对真题进行深入分析，可以帮助学生理解考点和题型，提高应试能力。
本文将对2017年12月的一份真题进行解析，帮助考生更好地应对考试。
一、听力部分听力部分是四六级考试中的第一大题，也是学生最容易掌握的题型之一。
但是，在听力过程中仍然有一些细节至关重要。
在本次听力部分中，总共有四个短对话和两个长对话，涉及到多个话题。
首先，我们来分析第一个短对话。
这个短对话的主题是购物，对话主要补充了一个细节：男生可能买了一个新手机。
通过这个细节，我们可以推断这个对话的内容是关于他是否需要买一个手机。
接下来是第二个短对话。
对话的主题是时间。
女生问男生是否可以在周末帮忙。
男生回答说他周末有一个朋友的婚礼。
通过这个细节，我们可以推测男生不能帮忙。
接下来是第一个长对话。
这个长对话讨论了开设课程的问题。
对话中提到了一个核心词汇，即“选择”。
通过这个核心词汇，我们可以得出结论，这个对话讨论的是关于选课的问题。
接下来是第三个短对话。
这个对话涉及到老师的期望和学习。
很明显，女生表示她不满足目前的学术表现。
男生则鼓励她要努力学习，说老师会欣赏的。
通过这个对话，我们可以得出结论，对话主题是关于学习和努力的。
接下来是第四个短对话。
这个对话涉及到社交活动和时间。
男生询问女生是否会参加周五的派对。
女生表示她将会去。
通过这个对话，我们可以推测女生将参加派对。
最后是第二个长对话，关于环境保护。
对话中提到了大自然的美丽和人类的破坏。
通过这些关键词，我们可以得出这个对话是关于环境保护的重要性。
通过以上对真题听力部分的解析，我们可以得出一些重要的结论。
首先，学生需要注意关键词。
关键词可以帮助学生理解对话内容，并能更好地回答问题。
其次，学生需要注重细节。
真题中的细节对解答问题有重要影响，细心听能帮助学生获得更多细节信息。
二、阅读部分阅读部分是四六级考试中的第二大题，也是相对较难的题型之一。
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词汇理解
阅读 翻译 总计 阅读匹配 仔细阅读 段落翻译
5%
10% 20% 15% 100% 30分钟 130分钟 40分钟
时间
CET 6
时间 14:40-15:00 15:00-15:10 内容 入场 考试信息 备注 检查耳机 核对信息
15:10-15:40
15:40-16:10 16:15-17:25 总计
9 A) They are thin, tall, and unlike real human beings. 听到即选原则 B) They have more than twenty different hair textures. C) They have twenty-four different body shapes in total. D) They represent people from virtually all walks of life.
Passage1
短文=讲座
Notes 1. 时长-4m，听不懂也别走神 2. 四大出题点 （1）转折 but （2）观点/结论 conclusion （3）最高级 the most/the best/the greatest （4）选项中的共有元素
3. 同义替换 manager/employer dollar/currency killed/died Grace/a woman wage/pay 4. 排除法 听到的和看到的不一致时，可以排除，没听到可 能就是同义替换。 5. 列举题 两个或两个以上听到的选项，选最后听到的选项。
作文
听力 阅读+翻译 把握好节奏
拼写语法
答题卡 把握时间
Listening Comprehension
短篇新闻 长对话
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
长对话
短文篇章
短文篇章
讲座
CET4
CET6
听口不分家
语音
语调
Listening Comprehension
语调模仿 Daily Mail BBC Washington Post VOA NPR
• access to good food, one major cause of this problem is the confusion over food _________, which are currently not regulated by the government. • M: All this could change soon. This wave of new laws in Europe will definitely put more pressure on law makers to reduce food waste here. We turn now to a spokesperson from Harvard University’s Food Law and Policy Clinic for more on the story. And now, let’s welcome Prof. Edward Becker to speak to us.
• M: And now, for the lighter side of the news, Europe is setting an example for the rest of the world when it comes to food waste. • W: That’s right John. This week the Italian government pass legislation that aims to dramatically reduce the amount of food wasted in the country. New laws have been ______that would make it easier for farms and
• supermarkets to donate unsold foods to those who are in need. • M: Yes. And in addition to this, businesses would now be rewarded for successful efforts to cut food waste. • W: Italy is not the only country to focus on reducing food waste. Just earlier this year, the European Parliament voted __________legislation that would stop grocery giants from unfair trading practices that result in overproduction, thus creating waste.
• M: In France, the government has banned supermarkets from throwing away edible foods and ____________on businesses that fail to comply with the regulations. • W: While there is still much progress to be made, other countries could learn a thing or two from the example set by France and Italy. In the United States, up to forty percent of all food goes uneaten. Despite the fact that one in seven American households lacks regular
听写是练听力的不二法宝。
听写
虽然很痛苦，但是很涨分！
以句意为单位进行听写 限时30分钟 细听每句
将错误的原因分类， 并记录在专用本上
对照原文 找出问题原因
整理错误
对照琢磨
考前答题技巧
原则
听到什么选什么
边听边选，不用听懂 不听问题，只看选项
Conclusion
语音
1. 听力 语调
模仿 2. 方法 听写
大学英语六级强 化（一）
Contents
Listening Comprehension
Reading Comprehension
Writing
Introduction
分制
CET 6
项目
写作 听力
题型
短文写作 长对话2篇 听力篇章2篇 讲座/讲话3篇
分数 15%
8% 7% 20%
考试时间 30分钟
•?
2.A) It imposed penalties on businesses that waste food. B) It passed a law aiming to stop Pass a law =voted in favor of legislation overproduction. 同义复现 C) It voted against food import from outside Europe. D) It prohibited the promotion of bulk food sales.
In a statement on its website, the company says it wants Barbies to look more like real people, and to give girls everywhere infinitely more ways to spark their imagination and play out their stories. Although many people say the new Barbies are a step in the right direction, some people say they don’t go far enough. They say that the new body shapes could be even more _________, tall, thin Barbies. Sales of Barbie dolls have been falling “every year since 2012,” according to CBC News. The toys aren’t in stores yet but they will ________at the Barbie website, starting this week, for $9.99.
3.A) It has warned its people against possible food shortages. B) It has penalized businesses that keep overproducing foods. C) It has started a nationwide campaign against food waste. D) It has banned supermarkets from dumping edible foods.
注意they say :表示观点
11A)In toy stores.
•B)In shopping malls. •C)On the Internet.
Online, website
•D)At Barbie shops.
Barbie dolls have a particular look to them. They’re thin, tall, long-legged and __________any real human being. Although over the years Barbie has had more than 180 different careers-including football coach, sign language teacher, ambassador, president and astronaut–her body shape hasn’t changed much. Last year Mattel, the company that makes Barbie dolls, added some Barbies to its line that have different skin tones and hair textures. There are now Barbies with one of seven skin tones, 22 eye colours and 24 hair styles to choose from. Last year Mattel also gave Barbie a flat foot, rather than forcing her to be “in heels” all the time like the original Barbie is. Now they are introducing new Barbies with three slightly different body shapes while the original, tall and thin Barbies will continue to be sold.