牛津英语模块5Unit1 Grammar课件(公开课)1

作状语
He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to be heard. 目的状语. They jumped with joy to hear the news. 原因状语. I’m too tired to walk any further tonight. 结果状语
不定式的一般式所 表示的动作（状态） 同时（或几乎同时） 发生，或之后发生。
1. I opened the door to enter the room.
2. Mr. Smith is going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.
动词不定式的时态和语态
Examples
Will you join us in a talk? yes I’ll be _____ glad to Would you like some bananas? Yes I’d love to ____ We should do everything that we ought to ____
1. Fred 没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。
2. 他答应不告述任何人这事。
Fred didn’t have any money, so he to look for a job. decided_______________________
to tell anyone about He promised not____________________ it.
Step 5 动词不定式省略to 的情况归纳
*1 当动词不定式作宾语补足语时，如动词是 make, let , have 或 look at , see, watch, observe, hear, listen to, feel 等，不定式不带to. *2. 在下列结构后 had better, would rather, would rather…than, cannot but（不得不 ，必然，不能不）, can’t help but = can’t choose but do等 *3. why not … 表建议 *4. 在介词 but , except 之后，如果其前有实义动词 do 的某种形式，不定式不带to, 反之须带to .
不定式短语作主语时，用it 作形式主语，真正 的主语后置。
作宾语
▲(构成"V.+ to do"的形式)
不定式短语可以作宾语，以下动词后， 跟不定式作宾语
afford, agree, arrange, ask, decide, demand, plan desire, expect, hope, learn, manage, offer, pretend, promise, refuse, wish, prefer, happen, intend, fail 等
• He promised not __ ____ care ___ the poor ___ to take ___ of
不定式的基本形式是由“to + 动词原 形”构成，其否定形式是not to do.
Step 2 动词不定式的时态和语态 ㈠. 一般式( to do /to be done).
Consolidation
1他要求我和他一起做这个工作 He asked me to do the work ______________with him. 2 吉姆让我替他向这里的各位给予最好的祝 愿 to give his best wishes Jim told me _________________________________ to everyone here
形式宾语与形式主语的区别是形式宾 语无be动词
▲
作宾补
▲(构成“V.+ Sb.+ to do”的形式)
allow, ask, advise, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, would like, order, permit, persuade, teach, tell, want, warn, wish
注意 ①在feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, have, let, make 等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to。但 是这些句子如果变成被动结构时，就必须带to。
Eg. I often hear him sing the song. to sing He is often heard ________the song.
作主语
1.当今掌握一门外语真的很重要。
_____________________________is To master a foreign language really important nowadays.
2. 放弃吸烟是对的。
To give up smoking ___________________is right= It is right to give up smoking.
Eg.1) She could do nothing but cry.
2) I have no choice but to go.
3)We had nothing to do but watch TV 4) All I could do was send him a telegram
*5不定式and or but rather than 等表示并列关系
的第二个to 省略 ,表示相反关系的不省略第二个 to I’d like to go and see a film They didn’t tell me whether to go on or to stop Do you want to go shopping or watch TV? I decided to write rather than phone
本节课重点提要
• • • • • 1. 不定式的基本形式和否定形式 2. 不定式的时态和语态 3. 不定式的基本用法 4 保留不定式符号to 5. 不带to的不定式
Step 1 基本形式和否定形式 • They advised me to give up smoking
up not to give • They advised me ___ ___ ___ _____ smoking • . • He promised to take care of the poor
______ Don’t touch anything unless your teacher tells you to
-Did you want to give a talk on this subject? -- I prefer not to _______ You ought to have finished your work I know I ought to have _______ China is no longer what it ________ used to be
to know the truth Betty was the first_______________
注意
• 如果不定式是不及物动词或所修饰的名词是不定 式的地点/工具,不定式后面须有相应的介词 • We have several model bikes to choose from • He is looking for a room to live in • Please give me a knife to cut with • There is nothing to worry about • 在time place way后面的不定式常省介词 • He had no place to live
㈢.完成式（to have done/to have been done)
如果不定 式的动作 发生在谓 语之前。
1. You seemed to have read the novel written by Mr. Smith. 2. I’m pleased to have been given this chance.
原因状语
动词不定式保留to符号 的情况归 Step 4 纳
• 在be +形容词(glad happy pleased anxious willing ready等)词后保留to • 在love like mean hope advise expect want persuade refuse wish seem等动词后保留to • 在have need ought be able be going used等动词后 保留to • 在ask tell advise persuade wish permit allow sb to do sth中保留to • 不定式的否定形式后保留to • 不定式的完成式后保留to have • Used to be 结构中的be 不能省略
㈡.进行式( to be doing)
如果谓语表示的动作 （情况）发生时，不 定式所表示的动作正 在进行。
1. I am very glad to be working with you.
2. They seemed to be talking about something secret.
动词不定式的时态和语态
主语
I want to see you this evening. 宾语
All you have to do is to finish it quickly. 表语
We found a house to live in. 定语 She came here to study English. I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation. 状语 宾补
如果不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表 示的动作的承受者，不定式要用被动 形式.
小结
语态 主动语态 时态 一般时 进行时 完成时 被动语态
to do
to be done
to be doing to have done
无 to have been done
Step 3 不定式的用法
动 词 不 定 式
To do like that is foolish.
Consolidation
1 他回家去取钥匙
to get He went home _____ his key
目的状语.
2 我说了什么话使你不高兴?
to make What have I said ______you happy? 结果状语
3 赢了这场足球赛,我们感到自豪
to win We are proud _____the football match
• I find it interesting to work with him.
• 如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式宾 语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it 作形式宾语。 类似的动词还有 ( feel, think, consider, make, 注意 believe ) 等
▲(构成 "主语+V.+ it +宾补+ to do sth." 的形式)
作表语
1. 我的工作是教英语。
to teach English. My job is_______________
2. 眼见为实。
to believe To see is___________.
作定语
1. 你有什么要说的吗?
Do you have anything_______? to say
2. Bnit1 Grammar
Sentences from Reading: I must be really stupid to fail a simple math quiz I pretended to be cheerful, We went to wash our hands in the girl’s room, … I was shocked to find a piece of paper in paper on my desk… We call the red words —— 动词不定式(to do sth.).