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Modifying original and translation to “Decenter” Consider interviewer-respondent characteristics
Considerations in Design
Cultural Competence
Validity of measure w/ population:
Cultural Competence
Recruitment and Retention
Sampling Community involvement Confidentiality Access
Measurement
Validity of measure: Content & conceptual equivalence Translations; Beyond language to meaning: Semantic equivalence Interpretations of variable measurement: Criterion equivalence Data collection considerations: Technical equivalence Pilot the instrument
Human Subjects: Rights and Violations
Study of STDs funded in Guatemala by the U.S. government between 1946 and 1948
1500 subjects were infected with gonorrhoea or syphilis without their knowledge
Prostitutes, Soldiers, Prisoners, Psychiatric patients
Milgram’s Obedience Study Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Experiment
Belmont Report: The “Common Rule”
Social Work Ethics: Introduction to Ethical Guidelines
Defining the Terms
Values
Beliefs
Individual/Personal Group Societal Professional
Ethics
Rules of conduct that embody those beliefs
Established three basic ethical principles to protect human subjects
Respect Beneficence Justice
Human Subjects Protection
Institutional Review Boards (IRB) Minimize Potential Risks/Harm
Fraud, Fabrication and Falsification Plagiarism Misuse of Power
Human Subjects: Rights and Violations
Human Experimentatio百度文库 during the Holocaust
Nuremberg War Crime Trials exposed horrific medical experiments conducted by Nazi doctors and others in the name of “science.” Nuremberg Code
Morality Period Exploration of Values Emergence of Ethical Theory and Decision Making Maturation of Ethical Standards and Risk Management
Social Work Code of Ethics
Article Review
Small Group Discussion: Strengths and Limitations
Literature Review and Study Purpose Research Questions and Hypotheses Design and Measurement Diversity Considerations Ethical Challenges/Issues Remaining Questions
Informed Consent Avoidance of Harm Weighing of Risks and Benefits
Tuskegee Syphilis Study
Participants were told they were being treated for “bad blood Participants were not asked for their consent to be studied Many participants were not informed of their illness and, even after penicillin was recognized as an effective treatment
Translating SW Ethics in Research
Service Social Justice Dignity and Worth of the Person Importance of Human Relationships Integrity Competence
Translating SW Ethics in Research
NASW Code of Ethics
CORE VALUES Service Social Justice ETHICAL PRINCIPLES
Primary goal to help people in need & address social problems Challenge social injustice
Professional SW Codes
NASW Code of Ethics NABSW Code of Ethics Clinical Social Work Federation’s Code of Ethics Radical Code of Ethics IFSW’s Ethics in Social Work, Statement of Principles
Does the NASW Code of Ethics Address Research??
Ethics in Social Work Research
Translating SW Ethics in Research Human Subjects: Violations and Protection Informed Consent Special Populations Practice-Research Boundaries
Content and conceptual equivalence
Translations; Beyond language to meaning:
Semantic equivalence
Interpretations of variable measurement:
Criterion equivalence
Dignity and Worth Respect inherent dignity and worth of a person of Person Human Relationships Integrity Competence
Recognize central importance of relationships Behave in trustworthy manner Practice within areas of competence & develop/enhance expertise
When?
1947 First Formal Code 1970s/80s Advances in Biotechnology - Bioethics
Why?
Affirmation of SW as profession Explication of standards to hold profession accountable
NASW Code of Ethics
Identifies core values of social work mission Summarizes ethical principles based on the core values Helps social workers identify relevant considerations when conflicts or dilemmas arise Provides standards to hold profession accountable Socializes practitioners to the values, ethical principles and standards of social work
No physical or emotional harm Informed consent Voluntary participation Researchers should fully disclose their identity Researchers should avoid conflicts of interest Anonymity or confidentiality must be maintained Findings should be reported accurately The benefits should outweigh foreseeable risks
Expedited
Data collection considerations:
Technical equivalence
Pilot the instrument
Modifying original and translation to “Decenter” Consider interviewer-respondent characteristics
Physical, Psychological, Legal Deception
Informed Consent Confidentiality
Expectations and Requirements
Institutional Review Boards
Exempt
Minimal human subject involvement Generally, exempt status cannot be attained for studies with participants under age 18 Not for research on prisoners
Practicing Ethical Research
What to Do…. What NOT to Do….
Do Good/Do No Harm
Demonstrate Respect Protect the Rights of Subjects Cultural Competence
Scientific Misconduct
Social Work Core Values
Service Social Justice Dignity and Worth of the Person Importance of Human Relationships Integrity Competence
Evolution of SW Ethics
Considerations in Design
Cultural Competence
Validity of measure w/ population:
Cultural Competence
Recruitment and Retention
Sampling Community involvement Confidentiality Access
Measurement
Validity of measure: Content & conceptual equivalence Translations; Beyond language to meaning: Semantic equivalence Interpretations of variable measurement: Criterion equivalence Data collection considerations: Technical equivalence Pilot the instrument
Human Subjects: Rights and Violations
Study of STDs funded in Guatemala by the U.S. government between 1946 and 1948
1500 subjects were infected with gonorrhoea or syphilis without their knowledge
Prostitutes, Soldiers, Prisoners, Psychiatric patients
Milgram’s Obedience Study Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Experiment
Belmont Report: The “Common Rule”
Social Work Ethics: Introduction to Ethical Guidelines
Defining the Terms
Values
Beliefs
Individual/Personal Group Societal Professional
Ethics
Rules of conduct that embody those beliefs
Established three basic ethical principles to protect human subjects
Respect Beneficence Justice
Human Subjects Protection
Institutional Review Boards (IRB) Minimize Potential Risks/Harm
Fraud, Fabrication and Falsification Plagiarism Misuse of Power
Human Subjects: Rights and Violations
Human Experimentatio百度文库 during the Holocaust
Nuremberg War Crime Trials exposed horrific medical experiments conducted by Nazi doctors and others in the name of “science.” Nuremberg Code
Morality Period Exploration of Values Emergence of Ethical Theory and Decision Making Maturation of Ethical Standards and Risk Management
Social Work Code of Ethics
Article Review
Small Group Discussion: Strengths and Limitations
Literature Review and Study Purpose Research Questions and Hypotheses Design and Measurement Diversity Considerations Ethical Challenges/Issues Remaining Questions
Informed Consent Avoidance of Harm Weighing of Risks and Benefits
Tuskegee Syphilis Study
Participants were told they were being treated for “bad blood Participants were not asked for their consent to be studied Many participants were not informed of their illness and, even after penicillin was recognized as an effective treatment
Translating SW Ethics in Research
Service Social Justice Dignity and Worth of the Person Importance of Human Relationships Integrity Competence
Translating SW Ethics in Research
NASW Code of Ethics
CORE VALUES Service Social Justice ETHICAL PRINCIPLES
Primary goal to help people in need & address social problems Challenge social injustice
Professional SW Codes
NASW Code of Ethics NABSW Code of Ethics Clinical Social Work Federation’s Code of Ethics Radical Code of Ethics IFSW’s Ethics in Social Work, Statement of Principles
Does the NASW Code of Ethics Address Research??
Ethics in Social Work Research
Translating SW Ethics in Research Human Subjects: Violations and Protection Informed Consent Special Populations Practice-Research Boundaries
Content and conceptual equivalence
Translations; Beyond language to meaning:
Semantic equivalence
Interpretations of variable measurement:
Criterion equivalence
Dignity and Worth Respect inherent dignity and worth of a person of Person Human Relationships Integrity Competence
Recognize central importance of relationships Behave in trustworthy manner Practice within areas of competence & develop/enhance expertise
When?
1947 First Formal Code 1970s/80s Advances in Biotechnology - Bioethics
Why?
Affirmation of SW as profession Explication of standards to hold profession accountable
NASW Code of Ethics
Identifies core values of social work mission Summarizes ethical principles based on the core values Helps social workers identify relevant considerations when conflicts or dilemmas arise Provides standards to hold profession accountable Socializes practitioners to the values, ethical principles and standards of social work
No physical or emotional harm Informed consent Voluntary participation Researchers should fully disclose their identity Researchers should avoid conflicts of interest Anonymity or confidentiality must be maintained Findings should be reported accurately The benefits should outweigh foreseeable risks
Expedited
Data collection considerations:
Technical equivalence
Pilot the instrument
Modifying original and translation to “Decenter” Consider interviewer-respondent characteristics
Physical, Psychological, Legal Deception
Informed Consent Confidentiality
Expectations and Requirements
Institutional Review Boards
Exempt
Minimal human subject involvement Generally, exempt status cannot be attained for studies with participants under age 18 Not for research on prisoners
Practicing Ethical Research
What to Do…. What NOT to Do….
Do Good/Do No Harm
Demonstrate Respect Protect the Rights of Subjects Cultural Competence
Scientific Misconduct
Social Work Core Values
Service Social Justice Dignity and Worth of the Person Importance of Human Relationships Integrity Competence
Evolution of SW Ethics