地铁客流规律的分析

摘要

轨道交通对城市社会经济发展和缓解交通压力起到了巨大的作用。近些年，地铁的建设发展迅速。在地铁运营网络中，换乘站的作用不可忽略，然而随着客流量的不断增加，安全问题是地铁运营应考虑的首要问题。地铁大客流安全疏运涉及运营组织和行人动力学等诸多因素。论文以大连地铁西安路换乘站为研究对象，在对换乘站的实际调研的基础上，对该换乘站客流的组成规律及时间规律进行调查研究，分析了客流的各种影响因素，并找出了影响客流的关键因素。在调查结果的基础上，探讨在大客流环境下的客流组织方案及其在突发环境下的应急管理对策。最后本文提出，地铁单位应在客流高峰期间增加列车、缩短发车时间，防止候车站台出现大客流情况，并加强对突发大客流信息的收集，及时做好运营调整，组织工作人员疏散客流。本文的研究内容及结论可为国内外地铁换乘站的客运组织及管理提供参考。

关键词：换乘站客流组成客流密度应急管理

ABSTRACT

Rail transit has played a huge role in urban socio-economic development. Also,rail transit has effectively ease traffic pressure. In recent years,metro's construction and development is very rapid. In the metro operations network,the role of the transfer station can not be ignored. However,with the increase in traffic,safety is the most important issue to be considered subway operation. Safe transportation of large passenger flow in metro system involves a number of factors including operation organization and pedestrian dynamics, etc. This paper is study by Dalian Xi'an Road subway interchange station. On the basis of the transfer station's actual investigation, investigate and study the transfer station's composition rule and time pattern of passenger. The paper finds out the key factors affecting to the passenger and find out the key factors affecting of passenger. Traffic organization schemes in large passenger environment and emergency management measures in emergency environments are discussed on the basis of results of the survey. Finally, the paper propose that metro train units should increase train during the peak passenger flow and shorten the time of departure,prevent waiting platform passenger big traffic. Strengthening the collection of sudden large passenger information, in a timely manner to operational changes can evacuate passengers. The research contents and conclusion in the paper can provide reference for the domestic and foreign passenger subway transfer station's passenger organization and management.

Key word:Transfer station Traffic composition Traffic density Emergency Management

目录

第一章绪论 (1)

1.1地铁发展的背景和意义 (1)

1.2国内外地铁事故案例 (1)

1.3国内外地铁研究现状 (4)

1.4课题研究目的及内容 (6)

第二章地铁人员构成及调查方案 (7)

2.1大连地铁西安路站平面布置图 (7)

2.2 地铁客流时间规律的调查方案 (7)

第三章地铁客流规律的分析 (9)

3.1根据进出站人数分析客流规律 (9)

3.2根据男女比例分析客流规律 (11)

3.3根据年龄分类分析客流规律 (12)

3.4根据时间段分析客流规律 (12)

第四章候车站台客流密度和车厢内客流密度 (18)

4.1站台客流密度 (18)

4.2车厢内客流密度 (19)

第五章突发环境下地铁客流应急管理对策 (23)

5.1我国对地铁安全及应急管理现有的法律法规要求 (23)

5.2大连地铁现有的地铁应急管理对策 (23)

5.3根据地铁客流数据调研后应完善的有关应急对策 (25)

第六章结论 (33)

谢辞 (34)

参考文献 (35)