2020年高考英语二轮复习短文改错--祈使句、省略句、强调句、倒装句(含答案)

第四讲特殊句式-- 祈使句、省略句、强调句、倒装句
一、改正下列句子中的唯一错误：
1.It is your valuable guidance which has enabled me to go around the city without any trouble.
【答案】(强调句）which改为that
【解析】句意：正是你的宝贵指导使我毫无困难地游览了这座城市。

句中强调主语"your valuable guidance"。

2.It was a year ago when Joshua got a bike, and he rode it every day.
【答案】(强调句）when改为that
【解析】句意：正是在一年以前Joshua获得了一辆自行车，并且他天都骑着这辆自行车。

这是一个强调句，句中强调了时间状语"a year ago",故把when改为that。

3.Was it in the lake where Mary was saved by a soldier?
【答案】(强调句）where改为that
【解析】此处强调的是句子的地点状语"in the lake",是强调句的一般疑问句句型："Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其他部分？”故把where改为that
4.It is not how much we learn but how much love we put into what we do which benefits our work most.
【答案】(强调句）which改为that
【解析】此处表示重要的不是我们学到了多少，而是我们在工作中投入了多少爱对我们的工作最有用。

本句考查强调句，强调句型基本结构：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其他部分，本句是对not how much we learn but how much love we put into what we do 的强调，故把which 改为that。

5.It was when she got what she had wanted she realized it was not so necessary.
【答案】(强调句）wanted后加that
【解析】句意：当她得到她想要的东西时，她才意识到它没有那么必要。

此题考查强调句。

强调句的结构是It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其他部分。

强调句子的时间状语when she got what she had wanted。

故在wanted后加that。

6.I'd like to invite you to the coming party, which will take place on the second floor of the dining hall as expect . 【答案】(省略）expect改为expected
【解析】句意：我想邀请你参加即将举行的晚会，晚会将在餐厅的二楼如期举行。

分析句子结构可知，句中的as expect是as it is expected的省略。

状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，或状语从句中的主语是it,并且谓语部分又含有be动词时，常可以省略从句中的主语和be动词，故把expect改为expected。

7.The doctor said if treating in a proper way, she was likely to be saved.
【答案】(省略）treating改为treated
【解析】句意：医生说如果治疗得当，她有可能得救。

本句考查省略。

宾语从句中的条件状语从句补充完整为"if she was treated in a proper way",故把treating改为treated。

8.You may have finished your homework. If not, you can go on to play football.
【答案】(省略）not改为so
【解析】句意：你可能已经完成作业了。

如果是这样，你可以接着去踢足球。

本句考查省略的用法。

根据语境可知这里应用if so,相当于"If you have done that/so"。

9.Every day after supper, if not tiring from homework, I will spend some time taking a walk with my friend. 【答案】(省略）tiring改为tired
【解析】此处表示每天晚饭后，如果不累，我将花一些时间和我的朋友散步。

本句考查省略句式。

if引导的条件状语从句还原应为"if I am not tired from homework",故把tiring改为tired。

10.Searching the website of China Daily, and you will learn a lot from it.
【答案】(祈使句）Searching改为Search
【解析】句意：搜索《中国日报》的网站，你会学到很多东西分析句子结构可知此题考查”祈使句+and+简单句”。

故把Searching改为Search。

11.Don't be excited. Taking things as they are and you will enjoy your own life.
【答案】(祈使句）Taking改为Take,
【解析】句意：不要激动，而对现实，你将会享受你自己的生活考查"祈使句+and+简单句"句型，故把Taking 改为Take。

12.Never judging a person by looks.
【答案】(祈使句）judging改为judge
【解析】句意：绝对不要以貌取人。

此处考查祈使句，故把judging改为judge。

二、分类练习
考法1 考查强调句型
1.Was ________________because Jack came late for school that Mr. Smith got angry?
【答案】it
【解析】分析句子结构可知，题干是强调句型的一般疑问句形式，其结构为：“Was it+被强调成分+that+其他成分”。

本题强调的是原因状语从句because Jack came late for school。

句意为：史密斯先生是因为杰克上学迟到才生气的吗？
2.It was not until near the end of the letter ________________________she mentioned her own plan.
【答案】that
【解析】此句为含有not until...的强调句式，故答案为that。

句意为：直到快接近信的结尾处她才提到了她自己的计划。

3.It was only after he had read the papers_____________________ Mr. Gross realized the task before him
was extremely difficult to complete.
【答案】that
【解析】去掉了It was及设空处之后，句子结构仍完整，由此可见，此句是对only修饰的时间状语从句的强调。

句意为：只有在读了这些文件之后，格罗斯先生才意识到他面临的任务很难完成。

4.——Was it by cutting down staff _______________________she saved the firm?
-No, it was by improving work efficiency.
【答案】that
【解析】分析句子结构可知，问句为强调句型的一般疑问句形式：Was it+被强调部分+that+其他？被强调部分为by cutting down staff故填that。

句意为：——是不是通过裁员她才拯救了公司的命运？——不是，是通过提高工作效率。

5.It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic________________________ Zheng He
had sailed to East Africa.
【答案】that
【解析】句意为：在克里斯托弗·哥伦布横穿大西洋的八十年前，郑和就航行到了东非。

分析句子结构可知，本题为强调句型，强调的是时间状语80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic,故填that。

考法2考查倒装
6.Not only _________________________the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.
【答案】do
【解析】句意为：护士们不仅想要涨工资，还想减少工作时间。

在no only...but also...句型中，当not only 置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。

根据下文中的时态可知，这里用一般现在时，故填do。

7. Not once ____________________it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his
class.
【答案】did
【解析】否定词not置于句首，引起部分倒装。

根据句中的could可以判断，应该用一般过去时，所以用助动词did。

句意为：迈克尔从来没有想到过有一天自己会成为班上的优秀学生之一。

8. At no time __________________they actually break the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them. 【答案】did
【解析】当否定介词短语位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。

根据后面It was unfair to punish them.的时态提示可知这里为一般过去时，故填did。

句意为：实际上，他们从来没有违反比赛的规则。

惩罚他们是不公平的。

9. Not until he went through real hardship_____________________ he realize the love we have for our families is important.
【答案】did
【解析】句意为：直到他经历了真正的苦难后，他才意识到我们对家庭的爱是多么重要。

这里描述的是过去的动作，故用助动词did。

not ntil位于句首，主句用部分倒装结构。

10. Never before _________________she seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.
【答案】has
【解析】句意为：她从来没见过其他人打网球像罗伯特打得那么好。

当否定词never置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。

由before以及从句中的can可知，此处应该用现在完成时，故填助动词has。

考法3考查其他特殊句式
11. If_____________________(accept)for the job, you'll be informed soon.
【答案】accepted
【解析】句意为：如果（你）得到了这份工作，你不久就会得到通知的。

根据句意可知，accept和其逻辑主语you之间是被动关系，应用过去分词accepted。

此处实际上是条件状语从句if you are accepted for the job的省略形式。

12.——I spent two weeks in London last summer.
-Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay, ____________________you?
【答案】didn't
【解析】答语句意为：那你在逗留伦敦期间肯定去看过大英博物馆，不是吗？答语为反意疑问句，must ha done表示对过去的肯定推测，且根据时间状语last summer可知填didn't。

三、短文改错
It was on Sunday so I didn't have to go to school as usually. My parents went to the countryside to see my grandparents , left me alone . After finishing my homework , I began to play football at home. All of a sudden, I kicked the ball so hardly that it flew right onto a vase and broke it. It was great favorite of my mother's. I decided to tell my parents it was the fault of the cat for fear that she should punish me. Therefore, when they got home, I hesitated for a moment and told them that truly happened. Instead of punishing me, they just hoped that I will never make so a foolish mistake again.
【答案】
第一处：删除on句意为：那天是星期天，所以我不必像往常一样去学交。

此处泛指星期天，不是指“在星期天”，故将介词on删除第二处：usually→usual as usual为固定短语，意为“像往常一样”。

故将usually改为usual。

第三处：left→leaving,句意为：我的父母去乡下看祖父母，留我一个人在家呆着。

句中已有谓语动词went,因此leave应用非谓语动词形式；leave的逻辑主语为my parents,与leave之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。

故将left改为leaving
第四处：hardly→hard根据句意，这里应用hard修饰动词kicked,意为“用力地”；而hardly意为“几乎不，几乎没有”，不符合语境。

故将hardly改为hard。

第五处：在great前加a分析句子结构可知，favorite在此为名词，意为特别喜爱的人或事物”，为可数名词，其前需加不定冠词a。

第六处：she→they 句意为：我决定告诉我的父母是猫咪的错，怕他们会惩罚我。

此处punish的主语应为前面的parents,应用they指代。

故将she改为they
第七处：Therefore→However根据后文可知，作者并没有告诉父母是猫咪的错，故应用表示转折意义的however。

故将Therefore改为However
第八处：that→what told them后为宾语从句，且从句中happened缺少主语，应用what引导。

故将that改为what
第九处：will→would根据前面的hoped可知这里用would表示过去将来。

第十处：so→such a foolish mistake为名词词组，应用such修饰。

故将so改为such。