上海市中考英语试卷分类汇编英语阅读理解(及答案)

上海市中考英语试卷分类汇编英语阅读理解(及答案)

一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷

1．阅读理解

Many cars in advertisements are red, blue or green but almost 75 percent of new cars sold are black, white, silver or grey.

A survey shows people prefer the car colors that don't show dirt such as grey. That means the owners can wash their cars less, saving money. Besides, some areas that are short of water do not allow people to wash their cars often.

According to another survey, white cars are often sold more than cars of other colors. In China, car buyers say white makes a small car look bigger. Car buyers in other countries also like white. And the research also suggests that there is a lower risk of accidents during the day for white cars compared with darker ones. People also think the temperature inside white cars is lower than that in cars of other colors.

At present, every year about 11 percent of cars sold are red and 8 percent are blue. Green has become less popular. In the mid 1990s, green was the most popular color in many places of the world. But today, green cars are hard to find.

Sometime in the future, people may not have to choose the color of their car technology may let owners change their car's paint color anytime.

（1）You can often see cars in advertisements.

A. white

B. black

C. red

D. silver

（2）Car buyers choose grey because they .

A. can wash their cars less

B. don't need to wash cars

C. can pay less money for cars

D. don't allow washing cars

（3）According to the passage, white cars look than those of other colors.

A. safer

B. darker

C. cheaper

D. bigger

（4）Green cars .

A. make up 11% of the cars sold

B. are hard to find all the time

C. were the most popular in the mid 1990s

D. were less popular than blue cars in the past （5）In the future, we can .

A. choose cars in all colors

B. paint our cars any color anywhere

C. buy cars in all colors

D. change our car's paint color anytime

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）A

（4）C

（5）D

【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述车的颜色，以及使用某些颜色的原因。

（1）细节题。根据Many cars in advertisements are red,可知，广告里的车的颜色是经常是红色的，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据A survey shows people prefer the car colors that don't show dirt such as grey. That means the owners can wash their cars less, 可知，车的用户选择灰色的车，因为他们可以更少洗车，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据the research also suggests that there is a lower risk of accidents during the day for white cars compared with darker ones.可知，研究表明白色的车比其他颜色的车更安全，故选A。

（4）推断题。根据In the mid 1990s, green was the most popular color in many places of the world. 可知，在20世纪90年代绿色的是世纪很多地方最受欢迎的颜色，推出绿色的车那时应该是最受欢迎的，故选C。

（5）细节题。根据Sometime in the future, people may not have to choose the color of their car technology may let owners change their car's paint color anytime.可知，将来，我们可以在任何时候改变我们车的漆的颜色，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

2．阅读理解

New York is 3 hours ahead of California, but it does not make California slow, or that New York is fast. Both are working based on their own “ Time Zone”（时区）.Someone graduated at the age of 22, yet waited 5 years before finding a good job! And there is another who graduated at 27 and got hired immediately!

Someone became a CEO at 25, and died at 50.While another became a CEO at 50, and lived to 90 years.

Someone is still single, while someone else got married and waited 10 years having a child. There is another who had a baby within a year of marriage.

Obama retires(退休) at 55, but Trump starts at 70.

Absolutely everyone in this world works based on their Time Zone. People can have things worked out only according to their pace. (步调)

People around you might seem to go ahead of you; some might seem to be behind you. But everyone is running their own race, in their own time.

Don't envy them or laugh at them. They are in their TIME ZONE, and you are in yours!

Life is about waiting for the right moment to act. Hold on, be strong, and stay true to yourself .Fight in your time zone.

So, RELAX. You're not LATE. You're not EARLY. You are very much ON TIME , and in your time zone destiny set up for you.

（1）When it's 8:00 in New York, what time is it in California?

A. 11:30

B. 5:00

C. 12:30

D. 11:00

（2）Which is true according to the passage?

A. We should get married earlier.

B. If you fall behind, you needn't to try hard.

C. Obama starts his job of president at a younger age than Trump.

D. Life is about waiting for the right TIME ZONE

（3）What's the mea ning of the underlined word “ envy”?

A. 观摩

B. 嘲笑

C. 羡慕

D. 跟随（4）According to the passage, if you don't do well in your study now, you should______.

A. have a rest and wait

B. stay in your own TIME ZONE

C. stop to have a relax.

D. work hard and wait for the right moment.

（5）Which do you think is the best title?

A. Time Zone

B. Wait for the Right Moment

C. Fight in Your Time Zone

D. You Are on Time

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）C

（4）D

（5）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：纽约比加州早3个小时，但它不会让加州变慢，也不会让纽约跑得快。他们都是在属于自己的“时区”工作。有人在25岁时成为CEO，50岁去世，而有人在50岁时成为CEO，活到90岁。在这个世界上，每个人都是根据自己的时区工作的，人们只能按照自己的步调来做事。所以不要羡慕你周围的人们，也不要嘲笑他们，他们在自己的时区，而你在你的时区。生活就是等待合适的时机去行动，坚持、坚强，忠于自己，在你自己的时区里战斗。

（1）推理计算题。根据New York is 3 hours ahead of California,纽约比加州早3个小时，可知当纽约是8点时加州应是8—3=5，所以加州应是5点，故答案选B。

（2）推理判断题。A根据Someone is still single, while someone else got married and waited 10 years having a child. There is another who had a baby within a year of marriage.可知文中说了有些人单身有些人结婚，有些人等10年才有孩子，而有些人结婚一年就有了孩子，但并没有提到说我们应该早点结婚，故A选项错误。B根据Life is about waiting for the right moment to act. Hold on, be strong, and stay true to yourself .Fight in your time zone.可知，生活就是等待合适的时机去行动，坚持、坚强，忠于自己，在你自己的时区里战斗，所以并不是说你落后了，就不必努力了，故B选项错误。C根据Obama retires(退休) at 55, but Trump starts at 70.可知，奥巴马在55岁退休，但特朗普在70岁才开始，所以说奥巴马比特朗普年轻就开始了他的总统职位是正确的，故B选项正确。D根据Life is about waiting for the right moment to act. Hold on,可知，生活就是等待合适的时机去行动，而不是等待正确的时区，故D选项错误。本题问哪一个选项是正确的，故答案选C。

（3）词义猜测题。根据上文People around you might seem to go ahead of you; some might seem to be behind you.你周围的人可能会走在你前面，有些人可能会落在你的后面，以及Don't envy them or laugh at them.不要…他们或者嘲笑他们，可知此处是与上文对应的，对于落后你的人不要嘲笑他们，那么对于走在你前面的人也应该是不要“羡慕、嫉妒”他们，故答案选C。

（4）细节理解题。根据Life is about waiting for the right moment to act. Hold on, be strong, and stay true to yourself .Fight in your time zone. 生活就是等待合适的时机去行动，坚持、坚强，忠于自己，在你自己的时区里战斗，可知，如果你现在学习不好，你应该努力工作，等待合适的时机，故答案选D。

（5）标题归纳题。通过对整篇文章的理解可知，每个人都是根据自己的时区工作的，人们只能按照自己的步调来做事。所以不要羡慕你周围的人们，也不要嘲笑他们，他们在自己的时区，而你在你的时区。所以生活就是等待合适的时机去行动，坚持、坚强，忠于自己，在你自己的时区里战斗。故答案选C。

【点评】阅读考题中细节理解题和猜测词义题属于客观题；主旨大意题和推理判断题属于主观题。针对不同类型的题目，要有不同的解决策略。对于客观题，阅读时关注文章的细节，如时间，地点或一些具体数字，在选择答案时，务必从原文中找到确切的依据。对于主观题，不仅要弄懂文章字面的意思，更重要的是要知道文章潜在的含义，和作者所给的提示。同时要对文章的含义和作者的暗示作合理的猜测和推论。

3．阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When Jan and Brian Dutcher moved to San Diego for Brian's new basketball coaching job at the university，the neighbours smiled and introduced themselves．But there were no"bring a plate " invitations，no recipe(食谱)sharing and no car pooling for her daughters Liza，12, and Erin，15．"The families really didn't know each other, and we missed that．"says Jan．"We have moved a lot and are far from relatives．Neighbours are our family．"

So Jan decided to repeat a project she had done for Liza's fifth-grade class：ask each person to paint his or her face on a big canvas(帆布)． The finished piece would become the Dutchers'new family picture．

First，Jan painted a grid (网格) on the canvas and put it Lip on a board in the garage(车库)，next to a table of paints．Then whenever she was home，the "art room" door was up，with an open invitation for neighbours to paint a square．The first to stop in were kids riding by on their bikes． "They thought it was cool，"says Jan，but the adults weren't so interested in it．"Most said they hadn't picked up a paint brush since primary school，"she says．"They were afraid they'd mess it up． But as word slowly spread，they came，some using their driver's licence photos as models．

Then something started to happen．They came back-to see who had painted， or if they could find out who was who．While in Jan's garage，they began to chat about news，schools，jobs and families．Almost daily．Wendy Schucholz, who lived across the street and was fighting a serious illness，came in her wheelchair to watch the fun．Neighbours began to offer their support．

When the worst happened and Wendy died，they stood by her husband，Bill，and invited him over for dinners．

This year has been different in the neighbourhood．Families take turns hosting happy hours．They share birthdays and swim in one another's pools．"We're watching over each other

now，"says Jan．"Just like in the painting．"

（1）When the Dutcher family lived in San Diego，they felt a bit _____ at the beginning．

A. excited

B. sad

C. interested

D. worried

（2）Where did Jan start her art project?

A. At the square．

B. In the Street．

C. At the university．

D. In the garage．（3）By telling the story of Wendy, the writer wants to show that _____．

A. Bill made many new friends

B. Wendy was seriously sick

C. the project brought something good

D. painting was a way of supporting

（4）What can be the best title for the passage?

A. New Place．Brighteter Faces

B. Art Room or Garage

C. Painting Faces，Happy Hours

D. Neighbours and Families

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了一个Jan和Brian Dutcher 因为工作原因搬到了一个离亲戚朋友遥远的城市。起初邻居们只是相互介绍了彼此，但并不了解彼此，这让Jan十分伤感很想念以前的生活，她觉得邻居就是家人。于是她想出了一个在她女儿五年级班上曾经用过的方法：她准备了一张很大的帆布，挂在自家车库旁，邀请周围的邻居把自己的脸画在上面。起初是小孩子去，但大人们并不感兴趣。后来人渐渐多了起来，在画画间，他们相互聊天，聊新闻，聊周围发生的事，逐渐熟悉亲密起来，邻居间变的越来越像家人，一起吃饭，一起开派对。Jan说，我们现在正看着彼此，就像画上的一样。（1）B细节理解题。根据第一段Jan所说的："The families really didn't know each other, and we missed that．"says Jan．"We have moved a lot and are far from relatives．Neighbours are our family．"可知起初，Jan是十分伤感的，故选B。

（2）D细节理解题。根据第三段第一句：” First，Jan painted a grid (网格) on the canvas and put it Lip on a board in the garage(车库)，next to a table of paints.”可知画画的计划是从车库里的开始的，故选D。

（3）C归纳理解题。根据通读全文可知，作者记叙的是这样一个画画的计划为邻里之间拉近关系做出了很大的贡献，故选C。

（4）A归纳总结题。根据通读全文可知，作者讲述的是在一个新的城市，Jan利用画画的计划让邻里之间像家人一样亲密，每个人都很开心。故选A。

【点评】考查记叙文阅读，阅读时首先要理清线索，做题时，首句和小标题重点读，充分体会文章结构，灵活使用技巧（例子与例子的关系，例子与中心句的关系，平行关系等），注意逻辑对应，指代清晰。

4．阅读下列短文，从下面每题的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。

It happened many years ago, but I still remember it clearly. That day I was invited to work as a

contest judge (评委) at a college. All of the students had been given a piece of paper with a topic on it. The first one to speak looked a little unhappy. “My fellow students and respected judges,” he said loudly, “this is an unfair (不公平的) contest!” “I have been given this paper,” he continued, “to speak on a topic with just a few minutes’ preparation w hile those coming after me have more time to work on their speeches!” He then left the stage and went out of the hall.

I met him later by chance. “Who says life is fair?” I asked him with a smile, and I asked him to walk with me to my car. “Have you se en the numbers they show when a new car is being introduced into the market, saying how economic (经济的) it is?” “Yes,” he nodded “But they put a line after all these numbers. They say all the numbers are in ideal (理想的) road conditions!” “Yes,” he said again. “Can you show me some ideal road conditions?” I asked him，and he smiled. “The car that sells well is the one that will provide power and speed on the worst roads. That car is the winner!”

We had reached my car. “Don’t look for ideal contest conditions,” I said. “Fight the unfair and come out a winner!”

I looked back as I drove away and saw him smile and wave to me.

（1）Why did the student say the contest was unfair?

A. Because there was only a judge for it.

B. Because other contestants had more time to prepare for it.

C. Because other contestants’ topics were easier.

D. Because he didn’t like the topic.

（2）What kind of car is the winner?

A. The car that has power and speed on the worst roads.

B. The car that is expensive.

C. The car that is cheap.

D. The car that has ideal road conditions.

（3）What do you think of the writer?

A. Strict.

B. Clever.

C. Helpful.

D. Popular.

（4）What would the student do next?

A. Ask the writer more questions.

B. Continue to complain about the unfair things.

C. Take part in another contest.

D. Fight the unfair from now on.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】短文大意：作者担任评委时遇到了一位选手，他因为质疑比赛条件的公平性而退出比赛，在第二次遇到时，作者给他讲了关于车在恶劣环境中赢得冠军的事实，

借此告诉他只有直面不公平，赢得胜利，才是真正的冠军。

（1）细节理解题。从“this is an unfair (不公平的) contest!” “I have been given this paper,” he continued, “to speak on a topic with just a few minutes’ preparation while those coming after me have more tim e to work on their speeches!”可知他说不公平是因为后面的人比他有更多的时间去准备演讲，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。从“The car that sells well is the one that will provide power and speed on the worst roads. That car is the winner!”可知选A。

（3）细节推断题。作者在偶然遇到生气离开的参赛者后，为了告诉他生活中没有绝对的公平，要学着与不公平作斗争并成为胜者的道理，于是带着他讨论车的问题，从中可以看出作者是个热心的人，故选C。

（4）细节理解题。从“Fight the unfair and come out a winner!”I looked back as I drove away and saw him smile and wave to me.可知这个男孩听进去了作者的话，以后会与不公平作斗争，故选D。

【点评】考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。

5．阅读理解

This is the school timetable of Class One, Grade Three, Sunshine School on Monday.

（1）What time does the drama lesson begin?

A. At 8:00 am.

B. At 10:00 am.

C. At 1:00 pm.

D. At 2:00 pm.（2）How long does the science homework take?

A. At least 90 minutes.

B. About 20 minutes.

C. More than 60 minutes.

D. About 40 minutes.

（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the timetable?

A. Students always take their painting lessons outsides.

B. Boy students will play a short soccer match this week.

C. Students will use skills in real games in the theory lesson.

D. Students learn how to fix computers in the technology lesson.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍阳光学校三年级一班的周一上课时间表。

（1）细节理解题。根据10:00-11;00 am：Drama During this lesson, students will have the chance to act out roles with other students. 可知戏剧在这节课将在上午10：00开始，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据Science (Biology or chemistry) Students have to write a report of the lesson(about 40 minutes) .可知科学作业花费大约40分钟，故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据 Practice Students will play a short match lasting 45 minutes. This week, the sports are soccer(the boys) and volleyball(for girls). 可知实习学生将进行一场持续45分钟的短比赛。本周的运动项目是男孩足球和女孩排球。故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

6．阅读理解

Maybe we three were the most unlucky graduates in our school history. I'll never forget the day when we had our graduation ceremony(毕业典礼).

I was known for being careless. I often fell down for no reason. Since I fell off the stage(舞台)during my Primary Graduation Ceremony, my family bet(打赌)that I would fall down again during my next graduation ceremony. The day came so quickly. This time, I proudly made it through the whole ceremony without falling. but I knocked over the whole backdrop (背景板)used to take pictures for graduates! I felt so embarrassed (尴尬的)the whole morning.

My friend Julia was even more embarrassed. When she together with all the graduates was

sitting quietly in the hall at eight in the morning, she didn't expect her father to come to attend her ceremony because he was really busy then. The hall was very quiet and you could even hear a pin(针)drop on the ground. When all of a sudden, out of the silence, she heard "Hey,

Julia!" Everyone in the hall looked behind and found Julia's father, with a camera in his hand, smiling at her!

Tiffany was the most beautiful girl of us three. She loved all kinds of dresses. On that day, she dressed herself beautifully and wanted to have some beautiful photos. Unluckily, it was one of the windiest days of our life. The wind blew her beautiful dress up in front of the whole graduate class! She didn't know whether to cry or laugh.

Lucky? Unlucky? So lucky! All of these became the unforgettable part of our life!

（1）The writer was very in her daily life.

A. careless

B. careful

C. friendly

D. lazy

（2）Julia's father at the graduation ceremony.

A. sat quietly in his seat

B. was busy with his work

C. took pictures for her

D. dropped a pin on the ground

（3）This story happened on a morning.

A. cloudy

B. windy

C. sunny

D. rainy

（4）Tiffany was embarrassed because that day.

A. she fell off the stage

B. she didn't have beautiful dresses

C. her dress was blown up

D. her photos weren't unforgettable

（5）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The girls weren't in the same school.

B. The writer knocked over the backdrop.

C. Julia knew that her father would come.

D. Tiffany loved all kinds of shoes.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）C

（5）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了在毕业典礼上，三个孩子身上所发生的的尴尬的事。幸运？不吉利？如此幸运！所有这些都成为人们生活中难忘的一部分！

（1）细节理解题，根据I was known for being careless.可知，作者在平常生活中很粗心，故答案是A。

（2）逻辑推理题，根据Everyone in the hall looked behind and found Julia's father, with a camera in his hand, smiling at her!可知朱莉的爸爸在为朱莉拍照，故答案是C。

（3）细节理解题，根据The wind blew her beautiful dress up in front of the whole