刘德才-温室大棚除雪装置设计概述

本科毕业论文（设计）题目温室大棚除雪装置设计

专业机械设计制造及其自动化

作者姓名刘德才

学号2013205954

单位机械与汽车工程学院

指导教师尹成强

2017 年 5 月

教务处编

原创性声明

本人郑重声明：所提交的学位论文是本人在导师指导下，独立进行研究取得的成果。除文中已经引用的内容外，论文中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果，也不包含为获得聊城大学或其他教育机构的学位证书而使用过的材料。对本文的研究作出重要贡献的个人和集体，均在文中以明确的方式表明。本人承担本声明的相应责任。

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摘要

现代园艺社会的飞速发展，温室的全面普及，除了给我们的生活带来方便外，还存在一些问题。在中国北方冬季，温室雪也受到越来越多的关注。在冬天，温室大棚的顶部积雪严重影光强保温，对喜阳植物的生长有害，而且影响大棚整体强度和刚度，存在安全隐患。如此，对农民造成严重的经济损失。目前，在中国的温室除雪主要分为人工除雪方法，雪融法和机械除雪的方法，但各有其优点和缺点。

通过研究以往除雪设备的优缺点，结合我国除雪的发展趋势，开发了温室除雪装置。它简单，紧凑，成本低，自动。该装置包括车架、移动车、吹雪机和凸轮转子机构。水平移动式吹雪器达到移动小车，确保温室内的雪可以吹到空气吹送机构，凸轮转子标高变化，确保温室表面的每一个角度都能吹进雪中，最终由吹雪机完成吹雪任务。本设计旨在将吹雪机和凸轮转子结构组合起来，使其能高效快速的清理大蹦顶部的积雪。

关键词：温室大棚；除雪装置；凸轮机构

Abstract

With the rapid development of modern gardening society and the popularization of greenhouse, there are still some problems besides bringing convenience to our life. Greenhouse snow is also receiving increasing attention in northern China during the winter. In winter, the top snow cover of greenhouse seriously affects light intensity and heat insulation, and is harmful to the growth of flowering plants, and affects the overall strength and stiffness of greenhouse. There are potential safety problems. Thus, it causes serious economic losses to farmers. At present, snow removal in China's greenhouse is mainly divided into manual snow removal method, snow melting method and mechanical snow removal method, but each has its advantages and disadvantages.

By studying the advantages and disadvantages of snow removal equipment in the past, combined with the development trend of snow removal in our country, a greenhouse snow removal device was developed. It is simple, compact, low cost and automatic. The device comprises a frame, a moving vehicle, a snow blower and a cam rotor mechanism. Horizontal mobile snow blower to move the car, make sure the temperature indoor snow can be blown into the air blowing mechanism, cam rotor elevation changes, can be blown into the snow to ensure that every aspect of greenhouse surface, ultimately by blowing snow snow blowing machine to complete the task. The design aims to combine the snow blower and the cam rotor structure so that the snow on the top of the jump can be cleaned efficiently and quickly

Key words: Greenhouse; Snow removal device; Cam mechanism

目录

1.概述 (1)

1.1温室大棚除雪目的 (1)

1.2常用的温室除雪方法及不足 (1)

1.2.1人工除雪方法 (1)

1.2.2融雪方法 (1)

1.2.3机械除雪方法 (2)

1.3发展趋势 (2)

2.本温室大棚除雪装置工作原理及结构组成 (4)

2.1除雪装置工作原理 (4)

2.2除雪装置的结构组成 (4)

3.除雪装置结构的设计 (5)

3.1底部支撑机架的设计 (6)

3.2横向移动平板小车的设计 (6)

3.2.1 移动小车的设计 (6)

3.2.2 触碰开关及防撞设备 (7)

3.3除雪执行机构的设计 (7)

4.设计关键部件的设计及其部件选择 (8)

4.1吹雪机的设计 (8)

4.1.1吹雪机的电动机的选择 (8)

4.1.2 吹雪机壳体及扇叶设计 (10)

4.2减速器的选定及联结 (11)

4.2.1 减速器的选定 (11)

4.2.2 联轴器的选择 (11)

4.3凸轮机构的设计 (12)