裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记_第73课_单词讲解

Lesson 733-1-2014
New words and expressions
record-holder 记录保持者
truant n 逃学的孩子
unimaginative adj 缺乏想象力的
shame n 惭愧，羞耻
hitchhike v 搭便车旅行
meantime n 期间
lorry n 卡车
border n 边界
evade v 逃避，逃离
record-holder 记录保持者
record 1n *'rekɔːd] 记录
set up a record 创造记录
build up a record 创造记录
make a record 创造记录
create a record 创造记录
hold a record 保持记录
break a record 打破记录
beat a record 打破记录
smash a record 大破记录
2v *rɪkɔːd] 录音，录像
truant n 逃学的孩子play truant 逃学
play hooky 逃学，旷课（美）evade school 逃学
truancy n 逃学，旷课的（事）
unimaginative adj 缺乏想象力的
imaginative adj 有想象力的
imagine v 想象
imagine doing sth 想象做某事
imagine sth/ that 想象某事
eg imaginary adj imaginable adj 可想象的
imagination n image n 肖像，形象；比喻
shame 1n [u] 惭愧；羞耻
put sb to shame 使…感到惭愧；使…黯然失色；大大优于某人
eg Cinderella`s beauty put her sisters to shame . 灰姑娘的美丽令她的姐姐们相形见绌。

bring shame on sb 使…蒙羞
eg She blushed with shame.
她惭愧的eg He felt no shame at losing in the game. 比赛失败了，他不觉得惭愧。

2n [c] 遗憾的事，可惜
eg What a shame ! / what a pity ! 多遗憾呀！
eg What a shame that you have to leave so soon! 多遗憾呀你这么快又要走了。

3n [c] 耻辱，可耻之事
eg He was called a shame to their school. 大家称他为学校之耻。

eg Shame ! 可耻！
eg Shame on you ! 真丢人！
to one`s shame 令某人感到羞耻的事
eg
To my shame, I made a mistake again. 令我羞耻的是，我又犯错了。

shameful adj 可耻的，丢脸的
a shameful conduct 可耻的行为
shameless adj 厚颜无耻的，不要脸的
a shameless cheat 厚颜无耻的骗子
a shameless liar 厚颜无耻的说谎者
shamefully adv 可耻地，丢脸地The record-holder 记录保持者(child who stays away from school without permission)
想象中的，不真实的，假象的
想象力；想象的事物
Don`t you imagine that I can lend you money everytime you need it ? 你难道以为你每次缺钱我都能借给你吗？
shamelessly adv 厚颜无耻地，不要脸地hitchhike v 搭便车旅行hitch v 搭便车eg
Can I hitch a lift to Paris ? 我能打车去巴黎吗？hike n/v 远足，徒步旅行hitchhiker n 搭车者as for a lift = get a free ride 要求搭车give sb a lift 让某人搭车meantime 1n 期间in the meantime 在此期间；与此同时eg
In the meantime, we studied 72 lessons. 在此期间，我们学了72课。

eg
In the meantime, the lorry traveled 1600 miles. 在此期间，卡车走了1600英里。

2adv 期间，同时（相当于 meanwhile ）eg
lorry n 卡车复数：lorries truck n 载货卡车（美）border 1n 边界，国界the French-Spanish border 法国西班牙边界border land 边疆border line 国境线borderline case 两可情形eg
It`s a borderline case whether I can pass the exam or not. 我能否通过考试还是两可。

boundary n 界限，分界线limit n 界限，极限edge n 边缘margin n 空白边缘，页边空白outline n 轮廓，外形2n 边，缘，边沿；（衣服的）滚边a border of flowers round the lawn 草皮四周边缘的花坛eg
The handkerchief has a lace border. 那条手帕有蕾丝花边。

3v 和…接壤， （土地）毗邻eg
Fanch borders (on) Germany. 法国和德国接壤。

border on 几乎是，近似eg
His success borders on a miracle. 他的成功几乎是个奇迹。

evade v 逃避，逃离，（近义词 avoid)evade school = play truant 逃学evade a question = avoid answering a question 回避一个问题evade enemies 躲避敌人evade taxes 逃税evasion n 躲避，逃避escape v 逃走，逃跑，逃离escape from prison = escape out of prison 越狱，从监狱逃跑evade v 躲避，闪避，巧妙地躲避Key Structures Exercises:1
简单句：只包含一个主谓结构，而句子各个成分都只有单词或者短语表示。

2
3
用括号中的连词改写句子1The climbers reached the top of the mountain. They spent the night there . (not only… but… as well)
2
I continued watching TV. Meanwhile, I knitted my new sweater out of wool. 我继续看电视，同时我在编制一个新的毛衣。

并列句：句子包含有两个或两个以上、互不依靠的主谓结构，并列句中的分句通常用一个并列连词来连接。

复合句：包含有两个或者更多的主谓结构，其中有一个（或更多的）主谓结构充当句子的某一部分，如句子充当主语，状语，宾语，标语，定语等。

The climbers not only reached the top of the mountain, but spent the night there as well. 爬山者不但到达山顶，而且在那儿度过一个晚上。

（主语是 the climbers, 那么not only… but… as well 连接并列的谓语动词）
A fire broke out in a cinema. Several hundred people tried to leave the building. A number of them were injured.(when… and)
When a fire broke out in a cinema, several hundred people tried to leave the building and a number of them were injured. 当电影院里发生大火时，几百人想要逃生，很多人受伤了。

(when 引导时间状语从句，and 连接前后并列关系的并列句）
3 4 5
6 7
8
9 10Fares have increased. The railway company is still losing money. The employees have demanded higher wages. ( In spite of the fact that… because…)
James Sullivan will give a lecture at the local library next week. His book on the Antarctic was published recently. (whose)
injured. 当电影院里发生大火时，几百人想要逃生，很多人受伤了。

(when 引导时间状语从句，and 连接前后并列关系的并列句）
I hid the Christmas persents under the desk quickly so that my young daughter would not see them when she entered the room. 我迅速地把圣诞礼物藏在桌子下面，目的是不让我女儿进屋的时候看到这些礼物。

(so that 引导的是一个目的状语从句，而when引导的是时间状语从句，连接主从符合句。

）
I refused the offer. I explained. I had already been offered a job by another company.（refusing , that)
Refusing the offer, I explained that I had already been offered a job by another compoany. 拒绝这份工作我解释到，我已经被另外一家公司给与一份工作了。

（refusing是一个现在分词表达状语，使用现在分词refusing做状语成分，而that连接解释的内容，引导一个宾语从句）
He fought the wolves for three hours. Help arrived. (before)
He fought the wolves for three hours before help arrived. 在援助到来之前他和狼群搏斗了3个小时。

（before 连接的通常是时间状语从句）
James Sullivan, whose book on the Antarctic was published recently , will give a lecture of the local library next week. James Sullivan 在下星期在当地的图书馆将进行一场报告，他的关于南极的书刚刚被出版。

（whose 引导一个定语从句表所有关系，whose book on the Antarctic was published recently是一个定语从句，紧跟在先行词James Sullivan后面，再后面跟出一个谓语动词will give a lecture of the local library next week. ）
Although the police searched everywhere, neither the missing boy nor his dog could be found. 尽管警察到处的搜寻，小孩和他的狗都没有被找到。

( although 引导让步状语从句，neither…nor前者也不，后者也不，连接并列句。

在主句中间，neither the missing boy nor his dog, neither… nor连接并列的主语成分，neither… nor 本身有否定含义，所以谓语动词could be不再出现否定）
I hid the Christmas persents under the desk quickly. My young daughter would not see them. She entered the room. (so that, when )
The police searched everywhere. They missing boy could not be found. His dog could not be found. ( Although …neither… nor)
In spite of the fact that fares have increased, the railways company is still losing money because the employees have demanded higher wages. 尽管车费涨了这一事实，铁路公司仍旧在亏钱，因为员工要求更高的工资。

( In spite of 是一个介词短语，尽管的含义，the fact,尽管这个事实，那么是什么事实呢？That 从句是个同位语从句，告诉我们事实的内容；because 引导一个原因状语从句）
He gave me such a fright that I knocked the teapot over. 他吓了我如此一跳，以至于我把茶壶打翻了。

( such…that 表示如此…以至于…；such后面通常加名词或者名词短语，that引导结果状语从句）
I made sure. The alarm clock worked. I set it. It would ring at six o`clock. ( After making… that… so that)
After making sure that the alarm clock worked, I set it so that it would ring at six o`clock. 确定闹装会响之后我设定了闹钟，目的是让它六点钟响。

（after是介词，表示…之后，making是动名词做after的介词宾语；so that 引导目的状语从句，目的是6点钟它会响。

这个主从复合句的主句就是I set it,我设定闹钟，前面是一个时间状语，so that 是一个目的状语。

）
He gave me a fright. I knocked the teapot over. (such… that)。