单片机STM32外文文献翻译、中英文翻译
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外文译
英文原文:
STM32 Microcontroller
Introduction
Requirements based STM32 family is designed for high-performance, low-cost, low-power embedded applications designed specifically for ARM Cortex-M3 core. According to the performance into two different series: STM32F103 "Enhanced〞 series and STM32F101 "Basic" series. Enhanced Series clock frequency of 72MHz, the highest performance of similar products product; basic clock frequency of 36MHz, 16-bit product prices get more than 16 products significantly enhance the performance and is 16 product users the best choice. Both series have built-in 32K to 128K of flash memory, the difference is the maximum capacity of the SRAM and peripheral combinations. At 72MHz, executing from Flash, STM32 power consumption 36mA, are 32 products on the market s lowest power, the equivalent of 0.5niA/MHz.
STM32F103 Performance Characteristics
1)Kernel. ARM32 bit CPU, the maximum operating frequency of 72MHz,
1.25DMIPS/MHz. Single-cycle multiply and hardware divide.
2)Memory. Integrated on-chip 32-512KB of Flash memory. 6-64KB SRAM memory.
3)Clock, reset, and power management. 2.0-3.6V power supply and I/O interface, the drive voltage. POR, PDR and programmable voltage detector. 4-16MHz crystal. Embedded factory tuned 8MHz RC oscillator circuit. 40 kHz internal RC oscillator circuit. CPU clock for the PLL. With calibration for the RTC 32kHz crystal.
4)Low power consumption. Three kinds of low-power mode. Sleep, stop, standby mode. For RTC and backup registers supply VBAT.
5)Debug mode. Serial debugging and JTAG interface.
6)Direct data storage. 12-channel direct data storage controller. Supported peripherals: timers, ADC, DAC, SPI, IIC and USART.
7)Up to a maximum of 112 fast I / O ports. Depending on the modeL there are 26,37,51,80, and 112 I/O ports, all ports can be mapped to 16 external interrupt vectors. In addition to the analog input, all of them can accept the input of 5V or less.
8)Up to a maximum of 11 timers. Four 16-bit timers, each with 4 IC / OC / PWM or
pulse counter. 2 16 6-channel advanced control timer: up to 6 channels can be used for PWM output. 2 watchdog timer. Systick tinier: 24 down counter. Two 16-bit basic timer for driving DAC.
9)Up to a maximum of 13 communication interfaces. 2 IIC interface. 5 USART interfaces. 3 SPI interface, two and IIS reuse. CAN interface. USB 2.0 full-speed interface. SDIO interface.
System Function
1)Integration of embedded Flash and SRAM memory ARM Cortex-M3 core. And 8/16 equipment compared, ARM Cortex-M3 32-bit RISC processor provides a higher code efficiency. STM32F103xx microcontrollers with an embedded ARM core, so it can be compatible with all ARM tools and software.
2)Embedded Flash memory and RAM memory. Built up to 512KB embedded Flash, can be used to store programs and data. Up to 64KB of embedded SRAM clock speed of the CPU can read and write.
3)Variable static memory. Variable static memory with 4 chip selects, supports four modes: Flash, RAM, PSRAM, NOR and NAND. After three FSMC interrupt lines connected to the OR after the nested vector interrupt controller. No read / write FIFO, except PCCARD, the code is executed from external memory is not supported Boot, the target frequency is equal to SYSCLK / 2, so the time when the system clock is 72MHz, 36MHz conducted in accordance with external access.
4)Nested Vectored Internipt Controller. Can handle 43 maskable interrupt channels, providing 16 interrupt priority levels. Tightly coupled nested vectored intenupt controller to achieve lower latency interrupt handling directly passed to the kernel interrupt vector table entry address, tightly coupled nested vectored interrupt controller kernel interface, allowing early treatment interruption, the latter to be more high-priority interrupt processing, support tail chain, auto-save processor state terrupts automatically restored on interrupt exit, no instructions intervention.
5)External internipt / event controller. External interrupt / event controller consists for 19 to generate interrupt / event requests edge detector lines. Each line can be individually configured to select the trigger event, it can be individually masked. There is a pending interrupt request registers to maintain state. When an external line appear longer than the internal APB2 clock-cycle pulse, the external interrupt / event controller is able to detect. Up to 112 GPIO connected to the 16 external internipt lines.
6)Clocks and startup. At boot time or to the system clock selection, but the reset when
the internal 8MHz crystal oscillator is selected as the CPU clock. Can choose a 4-16MHz external clock, and will be monitored to determine the success. During this time, the interrupt controller is disabled and the software management is subsequently disabled. Also, if there is a need, PLL clock internipt management fully available. Comparator can be used more pre-configuration of the AHB frequency, including high-speed and low-speed APB APB, APB highest frequency of high-speed 72MHz, low-speed APB highest frequency of 36MHz.
Architectural Advantages
In addition to the new features Enhanced peripheral interfaces, STM32 series also interconnect with other STM32 microcontrollers offer the same standard interface, such sharing of peripherals to enhance the entire product family, application flexibility, so that developers can a plurality of design reuse the same software. New STM32 standard peripherals include 10 timers, two 12-bit ADC, two 12-bit DAC, two I2C interfaces, five USART interfaces and three SPI ports. There are 12 new products peripherals direct data storage channel, there is a CRC calculation unit, like other STM32 microcontrollers, the supports 96 unique identifier.
New series also has followed the STM32 microcontroller family of products low voltage and energy saving are two advantages. 2.0V to 3.6V operating voltage range compatible with the mainstream of battery technologies such as lithium batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries, the package also features a battery operation mode dedicated pin Vbat. 72MHz frequency to execute code from flash consumes only 27mA current. There are four low-power mode, the current consumption can be reduced to two microamps. Quick Start from low power mode to save energy too; starting circuit using STM32 internally generated 8MHz signal, the microcontroller from stop mode when you wake up with less than 6 microseconds.
中文译:
单片机STM32
1STM32的介绍
STM32系列基于专为要求高性能、低本钱、低功耗的嵌入式应用专门设计的ARMCortex-M3内核.按性能分成两个不同的系列:STM32F103 “增强型〞系列和STM32F101 “根本型〞系列.增强型系列时钟频率到达72MHz,是同类产品中性能最高的产品;根本型时钟频率为36MHz,以16位产品的价格得到比16位产
品大幅提升的性能,是16位产品用户的最正确选择.两个系列都内置32K 到128K 的闪存,不同的是SRAM的最大容量和外设接口的组合.时钟频率72MHz时,从闪存执行代码,STM32功耗36mA,是32位市场上功耗最低的产品,相当于0.5mA/MHz.
2STM32F103性能特点
1〕内核.ARM32位CPU,最高工作频率72MHz, 1.25DMIPS/MHzo单周期乘法和硬件除法.
2〕存储器.片上集成32-512KB的Flash存储器.6-64KB的SRAM存储器.
3〕时钟、复位和电源治理.2.0-3.6V的电源供电和I/O接口的驱动电压. POR、PDR和可编程的电压探测器.4-16MHZ的晶振.内嵌出厂前调校的8MHz RC振荡电路.内部40 kHz的RC振荡电路.用于CPU时钟的PLL.带校准用于RTC的32kHz的晶振.
4〕低功耗.3种低功耗模式:休眠,停止,待机模式.为RTC和备份存放器供电的VBAT.
5〕调试模式.串行调试和JTAG接口.
6〕直接数据存储.12通道直接数据存储限制器.支持的外设:定时器,ADC, DAC, SPI, IIC 和USART.
7〕最多高达112个的快速I/O端口.根据型号的不同,有26, 37, 51, 80, 和112的I/O端口,所有的端口都可以映射到16个外部中断向量.除了模拟输入,所有的都可以接受5V以内的输入.
8〕最多多达11个定时器.4个16位定时器,每个定时器有4个IC/OC/PWM 或者脉冲计数器.2个16位的6通道高级限制定时器:最多6个通道可用于PWM 输出.2个看门狗定时器.Systick定时器:24位倒计数器.2个16位根本定时器用于驱动DACo
9〕最多多达13个通信接口.2个HC接口.5个USART接口.3个SPI接口,两个和IIS复用.CAN接口.USB 2.0全速接口.SDIO接口.
3系统作用
1〕集成嵌入式Hash和SRAM存储器的ARM Cortex-M3内核.和8/16位设备相比,ARM Cortex-M3 32位RISC处理器提供了更高的代码效率. STM32F103xx微限制器带有一个嵌入式的ARM核,所以可以兼容所有的ARM 工具和软件.
2〕嵌入式Flash存储器和RAM存储器.内置多达512KB的嵌入式Flash, 可用于存储程序和数据.多达64KB的嵌入式SRAM可以以CPU的时钟速度进行读写.
3〕可变静态存储器.可变静态存储器带有4个片选,支持四种模式:Flash, RAM, PSRAM, NOR和NANDo 3个FSMC中断线经过OR后连接到嵌套矢量中断限制器.没有读/写FIFO,除PCCARD之外,代码都是从外部存储器执行, 不支持Boot,目标频率等于SYSCLK/2,所以当系统时钟是72MHz时' 外部访问根据36MHz进行.
4〕嵌套矢量中断限制器.可以处理43个可屏蔽中断通道,提供16个中断优先级.紧密耦合的嵌套矢量中断限制器实现了更低的中断处理延迟,直接向内核传递中断入口向量表地址,紧密耦合的嵌套矢量中断限制器内核接口,允许中断提前处理,对后到的更高优先级的中断进行处理,支持尾链,自动保存处理器状态,中断入口在中断退出时自动恢复,不需要指令干预.
5〕外部中断/事件限制器.外部中断/事件限制器由用于19条产生中断/事件请求的边沿探测器线组成.每条线可以被单独配置用于选择触发事件,也可以被单独屏蔽.有一个挂起存放器来维护中断请求的状态.当外部线上出现长度超过内部APB2时钟周期的脉冲时,外部中断/事件限制器能够探测到.多达112个GPIO连接到16个外部中断线.
6〕时钟和启动.在启动的时候还是要进行系统时钟选择,但复位的时候内部8MHz的晶振被选用作CPU时钟.可以选择一个外部的4-16MHZ的时钟,并且会被监视来判定是否成功.在这期间,限制器被禁止并且软件中断治理也随后被禁止.同时,如果有需要,PLL时钟的中断治理完全可用.多个预比拟器可以用于配置AHB频率,包括高速APB和低速APB,高速APB最高的频率为72MHz, 低速APB最高的频率为36MHzo
4架构优势
除新增的功能强化型外设接口外,STM32互连系列还提供与其它STM32微限制器相同的标准接口,这种外设共用性提升了整个产品家族的应用灵活性,使开发人员可以在多个设计中重复使用同一个软件.新STM32的标准外设包括10 个定时器、两个12位模数转换器、两个12位数模转换器、两个12c接口、五个USART接口和三个SPI端口.新产品外设共有12条直接数据存储通道,还有一个CRC计算单元,像其它STM32微限制器一样,支持96位唯一标识码.
新系列微限制器还沿续了STM32产品家族的低电压和节能两大优点.2.0V 到3.6V的工作电压范围兼容主流的电池技术,如锂电池和银氢电池,封装还设有一个电池工作模式专用引脚Vbato以72MHz频率从闪存执行代码,仅消耗27mA 电流.低功耗模式共有四种,可将电流消耗降至两微安.从低功耗模式快速启动也同样节省电能;启动电路使用STM32内部生成的8MHz信号,将微控制器从停止模式唤醒用时小于6微秒.。