专业自行车运动英文(带中文注释)图文介绍

WHEELS 轮组 The Hub 花鼓 The bicycle wheel is designed 50 as to be as light as possible. Spokes(辐条), the fine rungs that radiate out from the hub(花鼓) off the wheel, provide structural support to the rim(轮圈), which holds the tyre. The bicycle tyre may have one of two basic The Rim 轮圈 types: A high-pressure (or wired on) tyre(开口胎) or a single (or tubular) tyre(管胎). The high-pressure tyre has a removable inner tube, which is easily repaired with a simple patch(补丁). The single tyre is glued onto the rim and has the inner tube sewn into it, and while it is generally lighter than a high-pressure tyre it is much more difficult to repair in the event of a The Tyre( wired on) 轮胎（开口胎） puncture. The rim, which is best made from a lightweight alloy, is also of one of two basic shapes: guttershaped(槽型) for a high-pressure tyre and dishshaped for a single. The hub——the centre of the wheel-usually has quick release levers(快拆杆) to let us change a wheel in seconds if you puncture.
·Introduction Of Cycling ·History ·Equipment For Cycling ·Gearing-up ·Fuelling The Body ·Injuries
Since the bicycle was developed in the early 19th century in Europe, people around the world have been cycling. Most people use bicycles for recreation, but in countries such as China, cycling is an important form of transportation, while competitive cycling is an elite sport. Cycling for recreation is very popular in Europe, and growing rapidly in the United States. Anyone with a bicycle can go for a ride, but many regions have bicycle clubs that organise weekly rides. Longer tours can range from popular vacation sites to weeklong, cross-state rides. Both racing bicycles and mountain bikes--sturdy fattired bicycles for riding on rugged mountain trails--are used for recreational rides. Competitive cycling began in Europe in 1868, with a race at the Parc de St. Cloud(圣克卢国家公园), France. By the 1890s recreational cycling was a fad in the United States. In August 1893, Chicago hosted the inaugural world championships, sanctioned by the Union Cycliste Internationale(UCI，国际自行车联盟), the international governing body for all amateur and professional events. Two years later, professional racing on banked board tracks was added to the world championships. The 1920s saw the peak of the six-day race, in which two-man teams from around the world competed in 144 hours of nonstop racing, with one rider resting or eating while the other raced. After World War II, European road races and riders began to dominate competitive cycling. Despite a resurgence of competitive cycling in the United States, the professional circuit is still dominated by Europeans. Fast-paced racing on outdoor tracks thrives in Japan.
Road Racing Bike Frame 公路车车架
Mountain Bike Frame 山地车车架
THE FRAME 车架 The frame is the main component of the bike. It transfers pedal effort into forward motion, guides the wheels in the direction we select, and helps absorb road shock. The materials from which it is built, as well as the design or geometry used and the method of construction determine the quality of the frame. Lightness and strength are the essential qualities of a good frame, and for this reason light alloy(合金) steel tubing, aluminium(铝) or carbon fibers(碳纤维) are the materials most often used in its construction.
What Is cyclng
The Olympic Games have competitions in both road and track racing for a total of eight men's and women's events. Beginning in 1996, professional riders may compete in the Olympics. The most prestigious road race is France‘s three-week Tour de France(环法国自行车赛), founded in 1903 by newspaper editor Henri Desgrange(亨利德斯格朗吉). Riders compete in a variety of daily stages at distances up to 260 km (162 miles) around France, over the Alps and Pyrenees(比利牛斯山), and into portions of five neighboring countries. The winner is generally acknowledged as the world’s best cyclist. Road races such as the United States‘ Tour Du Pont(环塔桥自行车赛), Italy’s Giro d‘Italia(环意大利自行车赛), and Switzerland’s Tour of Switzerland(环瑞士自行车赛) are preparatory races for the Tour de France. Other prestigious events are the classics, one-day marathons of about 255 km (158 miles). The top classic is Paris-Roubaix(巴黎-鲁贝), held in northern France. Others include Italy‘s Milan-San Remo(米 兰-圣雷莫) and Belgium's Het Volk(佛兰德). Belgium's Eddy MERCKX is considered the greatest road racer ever. He won three world road race titles, and the Tour de France five times between 1969 and 1974. France's Jacques Anquetil and Bernard Hinault have also won the Tour de France five times each. Among the top active riders is Spain's Miguel Indurain, who won his fourth consecutive Tour de France in 1994. A number of American cyclists who have competed at the Olympics have turned professional and moved to Europe to compete. Greg Lemond(格雷格莱蒙德) won the world pro championship road race in 1983 and 1989. Lemond also won the Tour de France three times: 1986, 1989, and 1990, becoming the first non-European to win the event. Lance Armstrong(兰 斯阿姆斯特朗) won the 1993 world road race championship.